QKI
| opo E.
"ew, ROYAL, GARDENS, KEW. [e
BULLETIN
OF
— -
mms
MISCELLANEOUS. INFORMATION.
LONDON
PRINTED FO E por R MAJESTY’S STA' dine OFFICE,
YRE eid SPOTTISWOC
iiid i TO THE QUEEN’S MOST addas MAJESTY.
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EYRE AND SPOTTISWOODE, Hast HARDING STREET, ip "cdam E.C., and
39, ABINGDON uu WESTMINSTER, S.W.;
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re
1895.
Price Three Shillings.
eo
|
CONTENTS.
Date. Article. Subject. Page.
1895. :
~~ January CCCGX X XH. pereeny. in Natal . - ʻ - 1
FS CCCCXXXIIT ids: 12 - - - 5
$ . OCCCXXXIV. Agriculture i in British Honduras - 9
ia CCCCXXX Gold Coast Botanie Station - ay 11
S CCCCXXXVI. | Decades Kowenses: 3 - el D e
p CCXXXVII. | Miscellaneo otes - - -| 18 =
February | CCCCXXXVIII. aeaa at the Gold Coast -| 21
-— - OCOC: X. | Decades Kewenses : XIII. - -r 98 —
d i CCCCXL. ge ee Farms in the Bombay | 28
ncy.
i CCCCXLI. storing onc ern Fruit ono fig - | 31
Ns CCCCXLII. New Orchids 33
» CCCCX LIII. ae Root abernanihe iege) v with | 37
: e... ; »
» CCCCXLIV. | Siam | Sue TOTO c 98 i
= 9c CCCCXLV. Maecllancous Notes - - SPW
March : i CCCCXLVI. aes ek in South ele M
pe. CCCCXLVII. cades Kew : XI r ot BR. vc
» CCCCLXVII. Botanical fatvert -| 56
ee CCCUCXLIX. ea Cultivation = the pics asus 58
jj COGCL. accin feos ostaphylos as a Tea 61
Subst i
5 CCCCLI. Diagnose y ERR IV. - Mp m
5 CCCCLII. Miscellaneous Notes - - -| 75 =
April and May| CCCCLIII. kui -eane Disease in Barbados -| 81
OCCA: T frii vs - 93
3 perimental Cultivation at Port | 99
Darw
5 CCCCLVII. Decades Kew: x cei - -F 108 ec
m CCCCLVIII. | Miscellaneous Notes - | 120
June and July CCCCLIX. wed Sugar ree saccharinum) | 197
b CCCCLX. Anbury, Club-Root, or Finger and "Toe 129
(wi
» CC Flora ‘of the Solomon Is Islands - - | 182
CCCCLXII Siam Gam (Gar — - | 139
" CCCCLXIX.
» CCCCLXX.
E CCCCLXXI.
a CCCCLXXII.
VEDI. CCCCLXXIH.
September | CCCCLXXIV.
» "d DODOLIXY.
U 8957. . 3975.—1/96.
CCCCLXVIII.
Ipoh ce uale
ee cel ede meme
m Benzoin
of Com
Disease a Poo "Plants in „Mits
(Piper nigrum).
Decades Kewen
Botanical Enterprise in British Central
rica.
New Orchids : i š
Siam Benzoin Gentine - -
Miscellaneous - -
Tropicai Fodder rese E een -
Diagnoses Africane : -
Wt. 308,
Date. Article, Subject. Page.
1895.
September CCCCLXXVI. M Root (Dioscorea Be aed
=> | cecorxxvi, | Mamditsem P “= | 981
October CCCCLXXVIII. | New Rubber pa aet de in Lagos (Kickxia
africana), with n late.
» CCCCLXXIX. | Diagnoses Africans: VIII. - - | 247
» CCCCLXXX. | Citrus Fruits in Sicily - - - | 266
m CCCCLXXXI. | Miscellaneous Notes = < 41 91
November. | COCOLXXXIL. | Ai Camphor (Blumea balsamifera), with | 275
”
ds | CCCCLXXXV. | Begon - | 985
^». . | COCCLXXXVI. | Rafia eg West iig (continued) - | 287
» . |CCCCLXXXVII. | Diagnoses Afric - | 288
e x CCCCLX XXVIII. Sarari q Covi ia) : “= | 293
»- . COCOCLXXXIX. Liberia : - | 296
COM XC. - - - | 299 <=
December CCCCXCI. | Cultivation of Vegel 507
» CCCCXCH. De num Kewenses: XXII. 815.
vom CCOCXCHI. Miscellaneous Notes — - ees
Appendix I. -
List of seeds of hardy NM plants
and of trees and shru
New garden plants of the year 1894 -
eiii il Departments at home and
ad.
abr
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
peed d
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
No. 97.] | JANUARY. [1895.
CCCCXXXIL—FORESTRY IN NATAL.
" iéidelition of a apt: from the Forst und Jagd Zeitung by S
Dietrich Brandis, K.C.LE., F.R.S., formerly Inspector-General of die
Indian Forest Department, is contr jbüted to Nature for January 3rd,
by Mr. W. R. Fisher, B.A., Assistant Professor of Forestry at the
Indian Civil opr care College at Cooper’s
lt gives a very mplete aceount of the position of forestry in this
part of South Africa. “The Colony appears to have made a good start
to timber, and also to have established nurseries with the object of
planting up waste lands in the neighbourhood of its principal towns.
MEA me ce — of activity it has suddenly abandoned the
| enter] charge has relinquished his post, and the
plants i in the "BENE sande ies were to be sold,
Forestry IN NATAL.
Natal lies between aes nal and 31° S. The clidigho: of the coast
is almost tropical, owing to rm current from the equator. Mangrove
: tropical Indian fruit
inland, and
' y az psc on L^ Wit sf by the Kathlamba or Lager
a pic chain attaining altitudes which exceed 9600 feet, and
wes M Natal from the Tr ansvaal, the Orange Free State, and
Basut These mountains forn the eastern boundary of the high
South African plateau, which is drained by the Orange River and its
tributarie
Natal is is | scantily ppn containing 18,755 square miles, with
532,000 inhabitants, of whom 38,000 on nly ar are Europeans. Most of the
latter are English who an by sea and founded Port Durban, but a
few are descended from the Dutch Boers who eame from the west in
1838-42 and. founded Maritzburg. Natal has been an English colony
since 1843, when the territory mus iy 3000 native rm
u 89€95. 1375.—2/95. Wt.4
2
but their numbers rose rapidly to 100,000 in 1845, and to 400,000 i
3. They are mostly Zulus in the north, and Kaflirs in the south of
the Colony.
Much greater progress could have been made in Natal, in trade,
agriculture, and manufactures if it had been connec roads and
this railway was extended to the Transvaal gold mines at Johannesberg.
In 1880 a a railway was constructed from Durban to Maritzburg, but
only recently has it been pushed further inland, and it now reaches the
confines of the Colony. Its further extension to Johannesberg is most
important for the future prosperity of Natal. About one and a half
ears ago a railway was made from Ladysmith in Natal to Harrismith
in the Orange State. Natal is at present short of funds, ang this may
partly explain why, having made a good start in forest co ', the
Colonial Government has not had the resolution to persevere 1 ‘in it.
as was trained at
or service at the Cape
De. A plo
Nanc aser for t = st Se í 1
in 1883. . Mr. Fo: urcade, of. the. forc Y è
Natal for nine months in 1889, pe fae written Te yal r paper
on the Natal forests, but he declined to quit the thie service permat-
ently for that of Natal, and was succeeded in 1891 as chief forest officer
there by Mr. Schöpflin, a Baden forest office
work he undertook of organising. a = est department in Natal
was full of difficulty, especially as S ae revenues were not expected
to coyer the expenditure for a number of years, Ir respectively of the
continual clearan for the extension of agriculture, forest
fires, unregulated grazing, and wasteful timber felling have so exhausted
the o Natai forests Rises the ey still. covered. ee brushwood. and forest
are widely scattered over the country, and only a small. centage of
aene is still State property.
om the coast to altitudes of about 975 feet, with an average annual
temperature of 67°-71°, the forest consists of numerous species belong-
g to the tropical flora. ‘The woods are not more than 30-60 feet eet high,
but something might be made of them, as several species yield valuable
timber. a ately nearly all the coast forests are now private
property.
In a central zone ranging in altitude between 980 and 3450 feet,
with an average annual “temperature of 59°-67° F., extensive tracts
ares covered with so-called mimosa scrub, formed of several species of
undergrow wth. The acacias bear plenty. of seed, and young growth
exists, but is continually being destroyed by the annual grass ML
If If only p protection could be afforded to these forests against fire, as has
e for the last 30 years in British India, € “could be worked
aie ed with short rotations—24 years, according to Mr. Foure
pA od probable that most of this area will be saad: fot
p
esent area of the coast and acacia forests is estimated at —
196,000 acres ut State forest, and 1,645,000 acres in private hands. ^ 38
zone, from 3450 feet up to 9600 feet, with a temperate
: dide and an average annual temperature of 52°-59°, the most
valuable forests. are ‘situated, but they are. ‘scattered: over à diflicult
mountainous regi xa ‘Of these forests, the State p acres,
e in a tertitory assigned to e KE . inhal
ided that, in th
E mountai
— the State sores ts. bar contain many species; Podocarpus 7
and P. elongata, both known as yellow-wood, t dig. np mmonest, and
their wood resembles that of the Eure At present the.
great cost of transport prevents the. profitable: ted of. yello wood.
Amongst the remaining T the two most valuable trees T "ES
wood (Ocotea: bullata); so named on. account of the bad odour of
rum ‘wood, an Syene lauraceous qneciees i with Pe benupisnd.
at to d sneeze-wood, Pter-
yl utile, an ally o of the horse-chestnut. These woods are also
irn esteemed in ilie es Colony; optimis Kp. cart and waggon
making, and can be worked at a profit even from t remote mountain
forests. . Unfortunately these two species are oniy. sae here and
there in the forests, sind. tharad is no large supply of th
aa year r 1891- i.e sale of wood ay the Natal Forest Depart:
the: iture was. 1 partly...for
; owas. 1,94
eta lett ‘aad: partly fo r the — of the forests. ` Owing to the
area of sarests av 'ailables a the remote: position :of-the. State
nea
India this tree mena a height. of 107 feet.in. 19. years, and. yields
8696 ‘clibie feet per This enormous aa of 457 cubic feet
per acre annually was qiie in latitude 1 11” N: atoan altitude o
7426 feet above sea-level. 5550 sono)
In the higher latitude of ATA ina, os d i mà y^ Aramnbi
i Liat 2 above sea-level, arid, according to. Mr, Fourcade,
i res Eucalyptus Globulus, longi foli lict, and rostrata give an even
highet oe eld' near Maritzburg than at Arambi, Mr. Sehó pflin doubts
whether this will be the panes: bus at, an "ap phe gum- FB will give
a ues. vie anf if the w ‘oe sal ofthe a conside
-Timbe T dX ae, Natl: average: in ee 180,000 $ a year so
enous forests are. small, much, b-divi d ay
erations. This
want.of funds, and the eri in the State nurseries, will
t Besides Lucalypti, several Australian acacias su admin bly. iy i iy
Natal, especially A: decurrens and mollissima ; their bark is. rich in
tannin, anda plantation of 1,200-1,500 acres e these. trees has been
started by a private company, -Near -the neighbouring, Teansyaal, gold-
fields, Australian trees are being pnag a on A. enge: scale o. supply
mine-props..
lon. ‘of rails, ib Natalie about 625. mijeoe and ‘the mountain,
orests eoo a portion. eh Ai» Si re railway sleepers. .Xellow-
wood must! be. kyanised, as been done-in the Cape Colony, . and
2 — kyanising e can easily M > eee bile in Natal, and. wood, from
A
4
gum-tree plantations ought to supply the balance of the sleepers
required,
It is ie on that Natal cannot possibly prosper without a Forest
ment, and the Colony will have cause to regret having abandoned
the inion to form one, after such an excellent beginning has been
made. The Government wished to retain Mr. Schópflin's services up
to March 31, 1894, but would not undertake to employ him after that
date. Under these circumstances, he was obliged to resign his appoint-
ment last September, in order to return to the Baden forest service,
The following note was prepared for publieation in a Kew Report
some years ago. The state of things described is not likely to have
om bas e or to ms made some measure of forest conservation less
two kinds, light timber and ioe
Mimosa, and
"The former sts of “ POP.
pacipally used for oe end io some extent for waggon-making, &e.
It occupies * a belt of land about 30 miles in width, extending along,
but about eight miles distant from the coast- line.” The
ineberi is rds found on the mountain slopes, in the interior of the
E C Colonia i Timber Returns i in isis the area of forest
emaria nisl ormerly a consid export
of sawn timber to the SOS five Free § State xal a Piiriks, This
had almost entirely ceased, and a large amount of timber for building
S WAS Voas into the Colon
A Commission appointed by the Natal Government te inquire
generally into ex vesdions of the forests and weodlands of the Colony.
This repo
Ee: general drift of the evidence printed by the Commission points
ive destruction of the forest. Thus, * Mr. James Ralfe
eite that one-third of the wood has been destroyed
sindo Tirat (20 yekis igo) BEW this part of the Colo a 4 us 11
* For many years after the ment of ion
forest lands belonging to the city of Pietermariisbarg ed timber fit
for m waggons, &e. About 20 years ago the spem dwindled
down to only Maias “which the citizens had the right to rera icis upon
payment of 1s. 6d. per waggon-load of probably two tons weight
“ There being no attempt at conservation of any kind, a very few
years sufficed for the entire destruction of the forest growth; and
although nearly 20 years have passed away since under severe
hibitory regulations, the situations occupied by the heavy timber have
protected, scarcely any signs are present of the spontaneous return
of the noble trees which the ‘intelligence of the municipality had not
seen fit to protect." (p. 13.)
. . * The evidence laid before the Commission respecting the condition of
forests on private lands, points generally to the same reckless waste as
in the forests on the Crown lands. Both the European owners and
their native servants and tenants appear to have almost entirely dis-
regarded all precautionary measures for the preservation ofthe timber and
its economical application in the supply of Colonial necessities. Nor
has it o toany of the numerous owners of forest lands to plant
out either indigenous trees, or trees of any kind, on the dotem of land
that have in course of many years been denuded. The owners of forest”
ds, desirous of in every wa le encouraging > than native
: y possib
servants to reside on their lands, have avoided the imposition of restric-
tions be c»: be nice to their customs as regards freed and
domesti They enjoyed the run of the forest for planting
d more c ath as the crops in a ii forest clearings were mo:
or less safe from the trespass, during the night, of the landlord's
tle. -
* The natives everywhere are viewed as the natural antagonists of
the forests. In the construetion of each of their ordinary huts from
500 to 1000 saplings are required. In the palisading of their kraals
for their cattle, "T proportion is even greater than that required for
their huts.” (p.
The natives ^x creep slowly, it may be, but withal E —(— =
the forests, destroying trees that may each contain timber to the
of 50/., and be the growth of over two hundred years. This deseiaetion
is effected simply by the native women removing the bark from a very
short section of each tree, ns near the ground as may be convenient, and
shortly thereafter, with a brushwood fire it is felled, crushing many a
beautiful and promising sapling in its descent." (p.
In Newcastle county “fuel is abundant from fhe coal giat
19.
S d nce as any permanent deterioration of the climate is
conflicting. The ge énéral belief is that there has been a decrease in the
rainfall. Rivers have become dry for lengthened periods, which how-
ever does not imply necessarily a diminished rainfall. ‘The Commission
recommended that the services of a forest officer should be — but
the Government did not seem disposed to take any immediate action
OCCCXXXIIL—NEW ORCHIDS. DECADE 12.
oT ‘Cryptophoranthus minutus, Rolfe; planta minuta, caule
pse v. subnullo, foliis orbicularibus apiculatis basi in
brevem attenuatis, floribus breviter pedicellatis, bracteis ovatis rice
sepalis puberulis in tubum oblongum connatis lateribus f tis
petalis spathulatis, labello cordato - hastato | obtuso |
denticulato bicarinato, columna clavata apice alata. _
HaB.—Not known.
Folia 5 lin. longa, 2} lin. lata. Pedunculi 3 lin. longi. Bractee
l lin. longe. Sepala 2} lin. longa; fenestre 1 lin. a Petala
Labellum 14 lin. Columna 1
1 lin. lo Bec im d
aM minute species, which flowered with Mr. J. O'Brien i in Novettiber
“1891. is far smaller than any other yet known in the genus, being
little mr “half an inch high, and the flowers very large for the size of
the plant. Their colour is deep maroon-purple. It seems most allied to
C. punctatus, Rodr. (Gen. et Sp. Ore h. Nov., IL, p. , of which
the dimensions are not given, but die colour of the flowers is very
soe
ASH a We pner oblongifolius, Zo lfe ; caulibus teretibus
folii brevioribus vaginis infundibulifor mi-tabulosis -striatis apice
obliquis aeutis, foliis elliptico-oblongis subobtusis vir ridibus, peduneulis
brevibus erectis, bracteis tubulosis apice obliquis neutis, floribus pendulis,
ovario 9-angulato angulis subalatis, sepalo postico Janceolato- oblongo
acuto leviter carinato lateralibus alato-carinatis, petalis quadrato-
oblongis apice retusis apieulatis v. subtridentatis trinerviis, labello
breviter unguieulato sagittato-cordato acuto v. —n "— medio
tubereulum c carnosum erectum ferente, columna chert
Has cA ides of South America.
Caules 14-2 pt longi. falio, b Dou. longa, 2-1 po
Pedunculi $ po > Io ongi. Bra ong. E is iz E:
AE igs a; fenestre 4 fh ree Pe la 2 Ba.
Label 21 fi. Te Columna 1} lin. longa, . "
wild specimen of this species was presented to Kew in August
1889, by Mr. J: Charlesworth, of Heaton, Bradford, who had collected
it in some part of the Andes of South Ameri ica, noti precisely indicated.
In Dod Wine a potion: was sent from Glasnevin E.
Ao \.L:5., for determination, wh peppers ^ li belon ngs to the
2 smaller » the
310:
pm n ne le d 7 er o. E.
es of t enger, d the. tubercle i the Jase: o
"x lip She Ter developed. In other respects it agrees € with
the dried specimen. | It is allied to ^e West Indian C. atropurpureus,
Rolfe, but the flowers are structurally different, and veined with
EE on 2 aint isle» geun.
HI
CEEE eey Wy ty Toa FAT.
Mere brevissima biden
Has.—Malaya.
Folia 3-4% poll. longa, 12-21 poll. lata. Scapus 6-8 poll. longus.
Bractee 2—4 lin. longe. Pedicelli 5-6 lin. longi: ttem posticum
lonant, llin. li ia 4 lin.
6 lin. : lon a, lj lin, bis. Petala
This handsome Microstylis 5; tho d iso
floweréd In the collection of Sir Trevo or icc in May 1894.
leaves gd met identical with those of M. Scottit, Hook. fil.
Mag., t. 7268), for uu it was purchased, and no difference was
detected aem it flow The flowers, however, are many times
larger than. in that pag and very different in colour. The sepals
and petals are light yellowish green, the lateral sepals being a little
suffused with dull purple at the tip, and the large lip deep red-purple.
The.leaves are light yellowish brown with an. irregulat marginal band
of light "a It presumably grows with M. Scotti, of Nor a
| there
num Mob xi
ge plants were imported. about a year ago, infe
is some , V WA ‘about the precise locality. It is biy wever, to
har come from Pulau Aar, a. small island just off the east oe m
Johore. Iti is pee EL distinet. di e
114. Dendrobium inflatum, Rolfe; caulibus gracilibus taretibens sub-
flexuosis, foliis oblongis diis: v: minute bidentatis, racemis termin-
.paucifloris, bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis - aentis, sepalo postico
obtuso, lateralibus triangulo-ovatis basi eum pede columnae
in mentum amplnm inflatum: obtusum extensis, petalis oblongis obtusis,
hielo obortspathils te pinta Smaulate undulato eenias columna
brevissima, Miami a guit
“Han Tava” aitat] adye Y delb m »noide
-€
7
obulbi i.. Folia 9 lin. lon 21 lin. cemi
ng a MU ongæ, Pedice 9-10 lin d Vogt Si
sticu) $ fin, Jonguin, 21 lin. latum ; E 10 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata.
etala 5 lin. longa, i$ lin, lata. Labellum. i lin. Poe. 6 lin,
atam. Columna 2 lin. longa, Mentum, J lin. ongui F
Lin m L Horticulture Internationale, . Brussels, and. uut. án:
establishment i in June 1894. Tt belongs to the section, Pedilonum, mi
is allied to D. auroroseum, Rchb. f., which, however, is a larger plant
AES with acute leaves and large differently coloured. a.
die ae has relatively ad white flowers, with a
the colt “blotch near
yellow
the apex of the lip, >
did Sfr e stain in" hertnpts.
115. Bulbophyllum disciflorum, Rolfe ; peendabuisis late ovoideis
monophyllis, foliis lanceolato- -oblongis acutis Crasso-carnosis canaliculatis
basi M À— scapis brevibus uni-paucifloris, floribus. magnis, sep
subearnosis basi connatis oblongo-ovatis acutis ralibus ad medium
connatis, vtl si sepalorum adnatis erectis linearibus acutis, labello
oblongo obtuso . pls piosene verrueuloso basi late canaliculato lobis
parvis erectis apice subobtuso, columna subtereti apiculata
dentibus obsoletis mento subhemispherico obtusissimo.
Has.—Laos, Siam.
Pseudobulbi € poll. ong pot 4-5 poll. longa, 12-13 lin. lata,
. longa, 6-7 1 Petala 4 lin. longa, 2 lin. lata
Labellum 9 liu. longum, 4 lin. kr Cohimsi 4 lin, € —
5 lin. sd
A remarkable eme Quy wee oM il dte "Más „Lindé LHe
Internationale, Brusse in their t in October
asi liar in crete ze “base of the bomi aaia into a flat
dise, +h the Ped are adnate at the base. Thus the petals the
to arise from a broad disc, above which they stand quite parallel to
other Ad about two lines distant from the column on either side.
The is given in allusion to this character. 'The^
densely severed va small red-brown Eo on a red Laem er
minute Tee oues warts which. nearly o
colour ; column light yellow with a green apic apic
116. A e whiteanum, Rolfe; i maté repenti
oblongis tetragonis mo monophyllis foliis elliptico-
i T dA or E erectis | laxis tectis apice nutantibus
nae floribus capitato-congestis, bracteis lineari lanceolatis acutis
concavis, sepalo postico ovato acuto ciliato lateralibus longe e
attenuatis glabris, petalis oblongis subobtusis eiliatis trinerviis, labello
recurvo oblongo acuto, columna brevissima dentibus brevibus.
Ha2,—Moluceas (?)
: _ Pseudobulbi 4-6 lin. longi. fw n gel jm, 5-7 lin. lata.
Scapi i 8 poll, alti. Bractee 4-6 lin. longer. Pedicelli lj lin. longi.
Sepalum posticum 3 M longam, lateral i$ poll longa. Petala llini
longa.. "Eabellum 1 n. longum
As "a Cirrhajea Moo vaginatum, Lindl., but with
pseudobulbs and leaves scarcely half as large as in that species, and the
8
pseudobulbs much closer together on the rhizome. It was received
from Mr. J. O’Brien, with the information that it was found “ growing
* on roots of Vanda stangeana, said to have come from the Moluccas.”
There seems to be a little doubt about the habitat. Vanda stangeana,
Rchb. f., was described from a garden plant said to have l2 facri rted
from sa but little or nothing i is known about it beyon ae on
description. The flowers of C. whiteanum are light ehem o
a bright yellow lip.
117. Megaclinium imschootianum, Rolfe; pseudobulbis acute
trigonis oblongis EEEO foliis lineari-oblongis obtusis, scapis
foliis longioribus, rachi compressa lineari-oblonga crenulata inzquilater-
ali, bracteis lanceolatis acutis reflexis, sepalo postico. lanceolato-oblongo
apice ateralibus late ovatis apice acuminatissimis
reflexis, petalis faleato-lanceolatis breviter acuminatis, labello recurvo
carnoso lineari-oblongo obtuso infra medium margine serrulato, columna
brevi latissime alato dentibus brevibus et latis.
Has.—Not known, but probably tropical Africa.
uu reudobubi. 1$ Ps S CIR 8 mach 6 Ti € Folia 6 poll. longa, p poll.
i 10: ll. lon n. lata. Bractee 3 lin. | ong.
Pedicelli 1j poll. gi. Sepi um 5 li n MM 1 lin.
latum; lateralia 4 lin. gti 2r tin lata. Puals 1$ lin. longa.
Labellum 2 lin. longum.
This was received from M. A. Van Tmschoot, of Mont-St.-Amand,
Gand, in July last. It is allied to Megaclinium oxypterum, Lindl., in
which the flowers are much more crowded, and situated in the centre of
the rachis, while in the present one they are in a line much nearer to the
lower margin; besides being different in structure. The rachis is light
green, with numerous minute black dots near the margin. The flowers
are light yellowish green, with iis reflexed tips and margins of the
sepals dusky brown and a few siilar spots near t the EL. à
y
spotted and marbled with the same
over, and the wings of the colit less. d
brown.
118. Maxillaria sanguinea, Rolfe ; eauleseens, rhizomate valido
vaginis imbricatis tectis, seudobulbis ellipsoideo 0-oblongis subcom-
pedunculatis, bracteis ovatis apiculatis, sepalis oblongis subobtusis,
petalis lineari-oblongis versio labello subintegro oblongo obtuso callo
lineari nitido, columna clava
Has.—Chiriqui, Central America.
Pseudobulbi 4-1 poll. longi. dens 10-15 poll. longa, 2 lin. lata.
Mag ay 3-1 S longi. .Bractee 3 lin. longæ la 6-8 lin
EX n. lata. Labellum 67 “Tin. longum, 3 lin. latum. Columna
e lin. ‘lon
A distinet "e very pretty species ep to the group Cawlescentes,
ant allied to M. tenuifolia, Lindl. It was sent from the neighbourhood
of. the Chiriq ui Lagoon, to Mr. J. O'Brien, with whom it flowered in
April 1890. Plants were distributed to Kew, Glasnevin, and one or two —
private collections, where they have since flowered. The sepals are dull | "s
Teddich, brown -with yellow tips, the petals pale atl spotted -
with red-brown, and the lip carmine or purp le-erimson;" swith a
blackish purple crest.
9
119. Oncidium panduratum, Boe: pseudobulbis pe oe subcom-
pressis, foliis lineari-oblongis subobtusis, scapis suberectis ramosis ramis
brevibus multifloris, bracteis "esempi subaeutis, sepalis petalisque
oblongis subacutis crispo-undulatis, labello pandurato lobis lateralibus
parvi
depresso obscure triearinato verrucoso, columna brevi aptera.
Has.—Columbia ; Millican.
Pseudebulbi 4 poll. longi, 2 poll. lati. Folia 10-12 poll. songs, a
12 po'l lata. Scapi 14-2 ped. longi. Bractee 3-4 lin.
Pedicelli ps lin. longi. Sepala 7-8 lin. longa, 2} lin. lata. Penta
7-8 lin. longa, 3 lin. lata. Labellum figs mm longum, 3 lin. latum ;
isthmus 13 lin. latus, Columna 1} lin. 1
A very distinct species, banus ri be: Ahi section Hymenoptera
obisti. recalling O. anthocren , Rchb. f., but with smaller and more
numerous flowers, and farther differing from every other species of the
group in the shape of the lip. It ur collected by Mr. Albert Millican
| n 1891. A plant flowered in wm
conection’ O Welbore S. "Ellis, Esa 3 ore ne, Dorking, in Oct
last. The flowers are deep reddish brown, the ‘sepals being mas ael
with yellow on “their upper parts, and the sma a lobes of the lip also
yellow, while the larger isthmus is bright shining brown. The crest
consists of three dwarf : fleshy parallel keels, which are slightly verrucose.
120. Sarcanthus auriculatus, Rolfe; foliis lineari-oblongis inæqua-
liter bilobis, racemis gracilibus arcuatis multifloris, bracteis minutis
triangulo-ovatis acutis, sepalis ellipticis obtusis patentibus, petalis
incurvis concavis paullo minoribus ceteris similibus, labello trilobo lobis
Mea mar auriculatis valde — minute — tis angulis internis
entem erectam produc termedio recurvo triangulaci-oblongo
obtuse; disco levi, calcare m bla ein brevissima.
Has.—Not known.
Folia 23-64 poll. longa, 6-10 lin. lata. Jéaéemi 1-1 ped. longi.
Bractee 4 lin. longs. jon 8 3 lin. longi. Sepala. 4 lin. longa,
13-9 lin. lata. Petala 2 lin. longa, 13-13 lin. lata. Labelli lim
2 lin, longus, 2 lin. latus; calear 2 lin. en Columna 14 lin.
nga.
This was sent ku [YS J. Open) in Jane 1890, and. on two m
J appear to be 3 ed spe jes ring same remarkable auriculate
side lobe The Hower are very pale green or greenish white, with a
purple line on each of the sepals and petals, and some purple marblings
QUU EET AS E IN BRITISH
NDURAS.
In continüation of previous information on this subject (Kew
Bulletin, 1894, p. 97), the following extract is taken from the Annual
Report for 1893. (Colonial Reports, Annual, No. 116, 1894) on the
10
agricultural resources of British Honduras. lt is. noticed by- t
Governor that a valuable impetus has been given to the cultivation
fruit for export by the organisation of a new steamship company
capitalists. Already, owing to this cause, increased spplications
have been made for the purchase or lease of eue lands, and ^ heiter
facilities are afforded for the Papi of Frgrialtud gpeosnodn i.
TORO. ee erg
E TIT
- principal cree of Se M. in addition to mahogany. and
n, bananas, cocoanuts, and plantains,
Rat according to ved sema. cmm the quantity produced during
1893, and in the case o anas, cocoanuts, and plantains, the quantity
exported for the. sanie, period,. are.as follows: sugar, 1,190,920 lbs. ;
s; In tor maize, 47,607 ppasbele 5 bananas
ree ; e a E
. cannot, ho ; cons
quantity duce
Under bananas, " gocoanuts, and plantains only the quantity exported
¡as no reliable figures coul obtained as to the a
as Pe ee Me a
estimate of the bunches of ba
potiiis ders Ly. prodiit in the C
or home consumption is a dgio of nearly 45000 6
Then i is a very considerable decrease in the quantity of bananas, cocoa-
nuts, and pana exported i in 1893 as compared. withthe four previous
ears, but this decrease is almost, entirely attributable to the disastrous
effects of the rea of nie 6th of July, which, wrecked or. very seriously
da nearly all the plantations in the southern districts of Stann
Creek and Toledo. Conetdering the. geographical position. of British
Honduras, Cohete of its soil, and the general salubrity of its climate,
it is — number ofits agricultural products as articles
of commerce is not greater than it is. By the establishment, through
the efforts of his Excellency Sir Alfred Moloney, K:€:M.G.; im- of
a Botanic. Station. at Belize attached to the grounds of. Gov
House, an attempt has been made to ereate a nursery for the cultivation
of plants of economic value of all kinds, But the condition of the soil in
Belize and. the proximity of the station to the sea have Pora the present
site to be not altogether suited for its purpose, and it is hoped to shortly
transfer the Botanic Station to the Stann Creek district where a site of
some 75 acres, admirably Tone for its purpose, has been generously
placed at the ^E ier sal of the Government by the board of directors of
the British Hond ad Bali? Even at Belize the Botanic Station
has pr in of value, f for, from the experiments made there, and from
experience gained “of the resources and capabilities of the Colony, it
seems eat that thé following produets, in addition to those which have
eady ag ar EM n be grown with advantage and with profitto
turi castor-oil plant, coffee (Jiberica for the lowlands,
arabica for t the highlands) ), rubber ( Castilloa elastica), Cola acuminata,
cotton, grape: fruit, ground nut, henequen, jute, lemon, lime, nutmeg,
imento, sa sapodilla, shaddock, tobacco, and vanilla. In
addition to the above, the following kitehen-garden products, as they are
Be Pai cine can be readily cultivated: artichoke (J erusalem),
asparagus, beans of Sow aerate Sr ge rap , cauliflower,
“gourds, Indian kale, ee e: miel
sa coche pa (ish and sweet), peas, spinach, an
in view the short-sighted» poliey of depending ono a
Mire aot the staples for the Colony rae i i tà be hopied tat
patei exhortation of -his s -Excellency ih e Governor that the
future of British Honduras must depend on its ss aa development
will be borne in mind, and that in time this ie i will become, what it
is eminently fitted by its climate and fertility to be, t the. ieden
Central America, THAE,
CCCCXXXV. —GOLD COAST BOTANIC STATION.
The e progress s made in establishing a Botanic Station at Aburi.on
Gold Coast has been noticed in the Kew Bulletin. -The site is in "ue
hills, at an elevation of about 1400 feet, overlooking the sea-board, near
Accra and Pram Pram. In addition to its suitability ^ the growth of
economie plants Aburi is a valuable sanatarium for European invalids.
Crowther very successfully carried out the object of his mission id
gei em a hp ei repo nee Mi onte a p. PR siae
he work of the Aburi_ td xcellent rop ca
à E: Las d Ue i complished in cal
ise at the Go oast is “entirely aus to the Gor nO, his
ire eucy Sir Wilton” Brandford Griffith, K.C.M.G. He has given
warm and consistent support to the station and personally chin
in every way the efforts of the curator.
'The most recent information is contai tained in the follo owing
spondence, In this an account is’ given | of a recent `
station by Mr. A.M. Ashmore, an officer of the Ceylon” Civil 1 Service,
lately Acting-Colonial Secretary at the ‘Gold Coast :—
COLONIAL OFFICE v. B GaiivEne, Kivi, puo P"
34th I
Erf directed b y | Marquess wz ipon to transmit ee or
your perusa oat and for an a you may have to offer, a despatch
from the Governor of the Gold Const Colony, with its enclosure,
respecting the Botanical isl at Aburi.
am, &c, i ;
The Director, (Signed) ; AUR cma
Royal Gardens, Kew. + tem
GOVERNOR or THE GoLD oes to COLONIAL. rri. |
2 Government House, Cape Coast Castle,
My Ice», 20th Noveniterl 1894.
Brine desirous .of -haying the: Botanical Statio: at Aburi
ipo by. an officer of experience, towards the. end of ‘last month
12
I requested Mr. Ashmore, the Acting-Colonial Secretary, who has seen a
good dead of the cultivation of coffee in Ceylon, to undertake this duty,
and I have now the honour to forward, for your Lordship nation,
a copy of his interesting report upon the Aburi plantation, and w
suggest that Mr. Thiselton-Dyer, C.M.G; pen be allowed to EL.
Mr. Ashmore's paper, as I think it would interest him to see what the
former states with regard to an undertaking in "Which the Director of
the Royal Gardens at Kew bas always taken a strong and kindly
interest, and the RO o: which - has done ag much to promosi
3. The coffee fas niant by Mr. chor has been sent for.
I have, &e.
€ W. Branprorp GRIFFITH,
The Most Honourable Governor.
( Enclosure.)
Rerorr by, = ÅCTING-COLONIAL SECRETARY on bie INSPECTION of
. the BOTANICAL ION at ABURI
Dotted Tui Acera for Aburi, Sunday, 28th inten’, at 145 a.m.
Arrived at Aburi, after walking up from the foot of the hill, between 4
and 5 d
‘he road up to Teimang from Christiansborg requires remaking
Vironghodt, From Teimang up the pass to Aburi it is well traced, and
on the whole in good order. The portion Heth the village of Aburi
is in very bad order and in great want of repai
The village of Aburi is ‘larger than I had ‘expected. It is full of
ómai manne and is like a coast, not like a bush, village, in that it is
constructed without any attempt at pin nm JE ate ea es men: are
three streets in it. -
Mr. Kemp's house, which I passed and visited on my way ap, d is
admirably situated on a fairly level open space, looking from the brow
of the hill over the great plain towards Pram Pram. lt seems to be
well construeted and simply arranged. Walls built of stone, good stone-
built go-downs outside. Two very large rooms, I presume a school-
room downstairs and a pirti yeni Found very pleasant
quarters at Government House,
29th instant—In the morning weit round the grounds with Mr.
Crowther. They are very well — c ser tac Besides English
vegetables and the flower garden there à
^. i. a considerable area of Liberian du ; a e ES
ii. a small area of Arabian coffee ; ms
iii. a litttle cacao of about a year old under plantata trees for hake ;
‘iv. i i Siahiderable area, some acres, of quite young cacao under the
same shade
v. some timaiderable ae under native products such as sweet
: ia number uc Michuod. "feit trees, a little india-rubber, some
<- By far the largest area’ is the Liberian coffee, and it is a very healthy —
—s cultivation. - It is in severat patches of iie. ages,
13
are crop. It is planted 1 12 x
. The Arabian coffee is pe 8 x8 hd de been allowed 4 o grow
up to 6 feet high. I think this is a mistake. All eultivated Arabian
coffee previously seen by me has been topped at about the height of a
man's waist, and I believe that it is understood to be height.
I: looks Healthy, and is bearing crop, not much of which is, however,
now left to gather.
he crop which is gathered is suceessfully cleaned by the most
primitive method I have ever seen. is scraped witn a round stone
in the hollow of a larger stone by hand, and then washed and dried in
the s sun. It is obvious that it would be impossible to deal with any
from a year. -to nearl ly three years old. It all looks well, and the older
irees c 12.
necessary to adopt some kind of machinery, and as there is no water
power here, and as it is not desired to provide d machinery, I
spoke to Mr. Crowther about a hand pulper. showed me a book of
subsequently agreed that a smaller one, A 1 think, 27/., would be
large enough. en brought out it ought e ho oused; it will
require, of course e, only a small building, an: this should be placed on
the side of the great tank furthest from the house, in order that the
carried by hand. A cement-washing tank for the coffee of small size
should lie below the ee € gerne or to the side of that a small
cemented barbecue or drying
I pus this Verses poe he at once citer the fu the machine
got out if possible in time for the coming crop. | construction of
the she | and 1 barbecue must await jts arrival, as we cannot tell its
.. exact siz n though the present area of teria coffee is not
. nearly in fall Serine it is obviously impossible to deal with the cro op
of 10 acres with a couple of stones. I have accordingly asked Mr.
Crowther to prepare a requisition for the pulper so that it m may be
forwarded at once, and a vote may be taken for it at the next meeting
of Council.
While on the subject of coffee, I may state that the Arabian
coffee so-called (it is no doubt the lécóteMiht of the Jamaica coffee -
imported by the Basel Mission) is the smallest I have ever seen. Thisis —
De Lib because the. vie dpa is too low oa it, bein more Nen i
e Liberian xem It d
been s on che seletion cei
ce fn the origi l importation —
a been 40 y é gest berries should ys be cet
for seed. "ME. "roster d is trying a ails S ot coffee erie Sara Leone,
which he tells me grows very well at sea-level there, and fetches a goan
price. I think it would be well to get fresh seed of the Ax 'abian |
ica.
Again I thought, as I did on Mr. Batty’s plantation near Takva
when visiting it early this er eee: that the cacao is the most promising
of the cultivations. Eve ooked extraordinarily healthy, there
' den
perhaps too dense, shade, but iti is sonra y inp that the plantain
is a very exhausting crop and it is obvi that in the case of cacao,
which requires rich soil, it is iosxpetin wo grow merely for shade an
14
xhausting tree, the fruit of which is practically valueless. I was
thtteforo glad to see that Mr. Crowther is engaged in propagating
another shade tree, the one usually used for the aan with which
to replace his plantains.
- The other cultivations in are not yet of aidsi impor-
tance. The rubber looks haere and the great difficulty of dealing
with rubber, that of extracting the rubber in sufficient quantities to pay
for the trouble without Jaaa the tree, is not yet a aee A
solution r. Crowther has a good show of oranges, some of them
excellent, and several the ta including that from Canary, of bananas,
but none of them, not even the last named, satisfies a person who has
the many excellent "kinds of oranges and bananas which are
common in thé East. ere is pu no — T at all.
eee es uri. night
x D 3L : LICE
in Aburi to get a plan of the garden ges en Hehi int
to know th produee per acre of the different EC and. it will be
important when it has progressed a little more to know the same of the
i» the, second place, something more might be done for the flower
= same Are very syi got out by parcel post, and the only
e here is very flou E aed A 8election of begonias and other
ma quiteble for a tropical hill garden, might be asked for from Kew.
Many kinds of cacti would flower in Aburi profusely... Anything that
would come out cheap in the form of bulbs would help to sn a show.
I think too, arrangements could be made for introdueing new varieties
of fruit. The success, for instance, of the introduced Avocado Pear has
been wonderful ; there must be many other such introductions possible ;
new varieties of pine-apples, the Durian of the Straits, and some good
angoes. The African mango is one of the most loathsome of -
fruits: of the earth. There is pair of space at Aburi and no objec
in extending any of the experimental cultivations now in pus farther
tbh to show that they can be made economieally. Mo n:
had for
if not too closely placed. The fruit of both is capable of being utilised ;
as much, indeed, as if they were planted for the fruit alone. For per-
manent shade the case is vera A fairly lofty and Pg aes eo
is then en necessary, su such as species of Erythrina used in T
entral America, the "Sáxd-Dot^ tree rs va "erepitans) and the Saman
(Calliandra Saman):
Tn regard to the small-beaned Tal coffee found in West Africa,
biu is remarkable as growing at low elevations, almost -2 es level.
mall sample received at Kew from the ue ae Station at Lagos
eed "is ovember last at 94s. per cwt. The most generally cultiv ated
ni EIN, MS elevations is ae the Liberian coffee,
DAES i10 96 ii Ced
ai " » i ee
oe 5 ee "s 4 3 p ge dut
t Henge estas Saye Meine) cea OaS s {eet 3 OAIN arc, "y
15
© COCCXXXVI. —DECADES KEWENSES.
agi Novarum IN akino dionis Recit Consunvatanun
DECAS XII.
111. Ceanothus leucodermis, Æ: L. Greene © [Rhamnaees] ;
fruticosus vel arborescens, ramis reetis crassiu is ramulisque
divarieatis brevibus spinescentibus floriferis glabris ‘albo-glaucis, foliis
paucis: parvis brevissime petiolatis coriaceis ovalibus obtusiuseulis
serratis vel serrato-dentatis supra glabratis subtus precipue in nervis
pubescentibus, th subsessilibus umerosis elongatis anguetie; sub-
yrsis su
eylindraceis, floribus cceruleis.
-Habitat.—Califorhia: doubtless of the Coast Range, but special
locality unknown. Collected many years since, by Lobb.
Folia 4-8 lin. longa, medio 3-5 lin. lata. i 14-21, poll. longi,
diametro 4 poll. nudi i vix interru "eik
«There: are specimens fro Douglas MM jo oed to. c.
divaricatus, which are per ese varieties ‘of the species here proposed ;
but these are more leafy, the leaves thrice as large, more elongated in
outline and with margins nearly entire; their flower-clusters shorter
and set A are easily distinguishable from Nuttall’s C, divaricatus
by their glabrous and white-glaucous a sso branchlets, an
their viene and leafless inflorescence. The *. diparicatys, less
divaricate than these in its branching, and NEREA idt well named, is
still a rare shrub in the herbaria. Its branches and twigs are slende
somewhat A prea and entirely devoid of bloom or any kind of pro
er-cl
are on distinct leaf. uncles. Tt
A sod Y — L is i spinescent EI
mpl a inimi. group of the gen On the contrary, its affinities
| C. integerrimus. It should here bi explained that. the
er revit of Douglas to. which I here refer are those from which
Hooker and Arnott drew =á description of. C. divaricatus for the
botany of oot s voyage; from. thi every to
have been led as to the ipeum of Nuttall's species; so that at present
boat..19 out o riu xtant under the
tive. The sheet of — typical of sg leucodermis Spes io b to be
unique, an sites: communicetar: to the Kom: Herbarium by. Mr. V; :
, 112. Staphyle a, Hemsl. [Sapindacée}; frutex Yt
par i yori), pense vel cito glabrescens, foliis longe
petiolatis ‘hola foliolis subcoriaceis lateralibus "subsessilibus
terminali. longe meae omnibus oblongo-lanceolatis abrupte brevi-
terque aeuminatis basi obtusis subtus pallidioribu: us obscure calloso-
m uen reticnato-venoss wens prim ariis lateralil r 10,
notis, capsula pyriform in triangulari abrupte: acuminata,
seminibus qubelligeoteeis griseis nitidis
Habitat.—China: Nanto and mountains tó the northward, rovi f
Hupéh, A. Henry, 3017 and 4536. E A
Sui
` Folia cum = pe "usque ad 6-poll. longa, petiolo communi 2-3-
pollicari ; foliola 2-3 poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata. Pedwnculi 2-3 poll.
longi. Capitulis vm poll. longa.
16
113. Pyrus (§ Malus) Prattii, Hems/.[ Rosacex |; novellis appresse albo-
pilosis cito glabrescentibus, ramulis fructiferis crassiusculis, foliis longe
petiolatis chartaceis ovato-lanceolatis ovatis vel in nerd fere ellipticis
acute acuminatis basi epum rotundatis interdum obliquis minute cre-
calloso glabrescentibus, venis
primariis lateralibus utrinque circiter 10, venis ultimis minute reticulatis,
floribus mediocribus subeorymbosis, corymbis multifloris ue
Ken pedicellis gracilibus, UOS lobis crassis precipue intus
albo-se acuminatis, petalis brevissime unguiculatis subcordi-
pany EU late rotundatis conspicue venosis, filamentis deorsum
leviter inerassatis parcissime puberulis, stylis 5 glabris, fructu parvo
ovoideo punctato segmentis calycinis intus lanatis coronato.
Habitat.—China: chiefly near Tachienlu, at 9000-418, 500, province
of pereat 4. E. Pn att, 93 and 824.
a absque petiolo 3-4 poll longa ; petioli 2-1 poll. LM
Pedicle oa poliitik Calycis lobi Pec Petala 4
longa. Prades 5-6 lin. longus.
114. Ophiocaulon Rowlandi, Baker [Cucurbitaceæ] ; sermentosus,
glaber, cirrhis elongatis simplicibus, petiolo apice glandula magna
unica prædito, foliis simplicibus membranaceis cordato-orbicularibus
ee . palmato-lobati mu ris ad cirrhorum reductorum
ra produetis, calycis tubo brevi campanulato lobis oblongis maculis
pua atro-brunneis decoratis, petalis calyci sequilongis, anthéris
linearibus magnis, filamentis brevissimis.
Habitat.—Interior of Western Lagos, near Abbeokuta, Dr. Rowland.
14-2 poll. longa et lata. Pedicelli 5-6 lin. longi. Flores
oti.
masculi 3-4 lin. longi.; feminei igno
Nearly allied to the widely-spread Tropical African O. cissampeloides,
Hook, fil.
115. Othonna disticha, N. Æ. Brown [Compositz-Senecionidem] ;
dasfibos vel ramis simplicibus apiee racemoso- vel corym
elabris anguste bialatis dense foliatis, foliis distichis
subereetis imbricatis ellipticis vel elliptieo-oblongis ‘obtusissimis
sessilibus basi in alas cuneatim decurrentibus glabris subcarnosis
peduneulis fere usque ad involucrum foliiferis monocephalis, capitulo
discoideo 20-30-floro floribus centralibus vx involucri tubuloso-
campanulati bracteis quinque uniseriatis basi liberis sed marginibus
intertextis oblongis acutis vel obtusis ipio versus apicem leviter
carinatis alternis late membranaceo-marginatis ciliatis, corolla 5-dentata
tubo gracili fauce ampliata glabra alba, stylis in omnibus floribus
bifidis, achæniis fertilibus subteretibus validis dense tomentosis, pappi
setis co. .
Habitat.—South. Africa : Transvaal, near Lydemburg, Atherstone ;
Makwongwa Mountains, near Barberton, 4500 feet, April, Galpin,
902 ; no locality, Mrs. Saunders (Wood, 3915).
Folia 14-3 poll. lon nga, ow =1} poll lata. Pedunculi b p
i d — a -3 poll. diam. Znvolucri bractew 4-3 poll. longe,
24 lin. late. Corolla 7 lin. longa. Achenia pot, eyy Pon
.
A very. distinet species, remarkable for the strictly distichovs
arrangement ofthe leaves, and the zigzag wing formed by their decur- -
rent bases on "I sides of the stem. The flowers are stated by
17
Othonna under mes of Lop
ful coca Mee us to the conclusion that Othonnopsis should be
reduced to Oth
116. Lactuca nana, Baker [Composita- -Cichoriacez]; perennis, radice
crassa fusiformi, foliis radicalibus evanescentibus, caulibus brevissimis
glabris dense cæs spitosis, 8, bracteis parvis ovatis, capitulis dense corymbosis,
involuero oblongo bracteis interioribus 8 linearibus dorso glabris ex-
terioribus Viu dies gti a achenio castaneo indistincte rostrato, pappo
albo molli copioso.
` Habitat. afai of Western 25,9 Dr. Rowland. Namuli Makua
eountry, East Tropical Africa, J. T. Las
Caulis 2-3- appoint pitoa EPEE Achenia 2 lin.
longa. Pappus lin. longus
xx curious, dwarf, duira species belongs to the section
Brachyrhampus, idi is allied to Z. goreensis, Schultz-Bip.
117. Episcia (Centrosolenia) densa, Wright [Gesneracex- -Cyrtan-
dre»]; herba robusta, caule brevi purpureo minute pubescenti, foliis
oblongis acuminatis basi rotundatis vel subacutis supra leviter pilosis
subtus glabris purpureis, marginibus serrulatis, petiolis laminis dimidio
brevioribus purpureis su pra planis subtus convexis, floribus pluribus in
axillis foliorum congestis, calyce segmentis 5 postico libero reliquis
suffusa nibus 4 prope basin corolle insertis, antherarum bus
ihmeen pal disco glandula postica magna ceteris omnino deficientibus,
supero subgloboso apice piloso, stylo filiformi, stigmate capitato.
` Habitat. —British Guiana; River Masouria, Jenman, 2414.
Petiolus 4 poll. longus, lamina 8 es longa, 4 poll. lata. Calyx
10 lin. longus. Corolla m poil. long / s
Allied to Episcia erythropus, Book. fil, Bot. Mag. t. 6219, but
differing in the corolla having shorter lobes and a longer spur. This
plant has been in cultivation at Kew.
. Calathea cyclophora, Baker [Scitaminez-Marantezx ] ; acaulis,
foliis longe petiolatis oblongis PE eh is glabris utrinque pallide
viridibus concoloribus basi rotundatis, pedunculo brevi radicali, floribus
Ne niveis in mem oblongam aggregatis, bracteis arcte imbricatis
IIR pallide nneis apice cuspidatis
æ tubo elongato RM lobis "IIstnrtcobtopdis stami-
nodiis ODE ves lobis zequilong
Habitat —British Guiana: Esseq ibs: Appun, 252. Flowered at
Kew Oct. 1894; received from the go ones Botanie Garden in 1890.
Foliorum lamina 8-10 poll. longa, 4-4} poll. lata; petiolus laminze
wquilongus. Scapus 2—4-polliearis. Spica 14-2-polli icaris, bracteis
9—12-lin. longis. Corolle tubus 12-15 lin. longus; lobi 4-5 lin. longi.
Allied to C. emula, Kórnicke (F7. Bras. iii. pars. 3, t. 21), and the
vel alien, C. zebrina, Lindl., but the flower is white and the leaves not
at all variegated, so that it is not a striking species from a horticultural
point of view.
u 85695. B
18
9. Calathea Gardneri, Baker [Scitamines]; acaulis, scapo radicali
sg gracili glabro, foliis longe petiolatis oblongis acutis chartaceis
glabris basi cuneatis, floribus in spieam de ensam oblongam aggregatis,
bracteis glabris chartaceis arcte imbricatis inferioribus orbicularibus
obtusis fertilibus superioribus sterilibus oblongis acutis, flore ** ceruleo,
corolla tubo bractee fertili aquilongo, staminodiis exterioribus parvis
obovatis corolla lobis zequilongis.
Habitat —Brazil : province of Ceara, in woods near Crato, Gardner,
2031.
Scapus 8-12-polliearis. Lamina 6-10 poll. longs, medio 21-3 poll.
ta. Spica 134-2 poll. longa, bracteis floriferis 8-9 Hn., siis
vacuis 12-14 lin. longis. Staminodia exteriora 3—4 lin. long
This belongs to the small section Comose, in which a spike is
crowned by a coma of sterile bracts, which are different from the
fertile ones in shape and texture. It is near to the plant figured
is C tata by Peterssen in * Flora siliensis" vol. iii. part 3,
page 120. , tab. 33, but I do not think this is identical with the Peruvian
C. c capitata, Lindi.
120. Aglaonema angustifolia, NV. Æ. Brown [Aroidee]; caule
erecto pitiisdiaen, foliis etiatn: cun longe vaginatis — €—
dilatatis. t is elongato-lineari-
a ap
utrinque 4-6 supra impressis viridibus immaculatis, pedunculo quam
petiolus breviore terminali pallide virenti, spatha parva ellipsoidea
apiculata antice aperta albida, ice breviter stipitato e spatha
— — cylindrico obtuso, ovariis subseriatis luteolis, stigmate
ro depresso, slithenie
saan. celia Settlements: Pangkore, Curtis, Scortechint.
Caulis 3-3} lin. crassus. Foliorum petioli 14-2 Re longi, pas
poll. longe, 4-1 poll late. edun culus 4-21 poll. longus.
Sparks 1-1} poll. longa, 5-7 in - diam. Spadix (stipes b lin. dius
inclusus), 10 lin. 13 poil. lo
A very distinct species oily ri recognised by its long narrow
The upper part of the stem is of a silvery grey, very sancti and
shining as if polished when alive. The above description was made from
a living plant sent to Kew by Mr. C. Curtis, Assistant Superintendent,
Garden and Forest Department, Penang.
COCCXXXVIL—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
. Visitors during the year 1894.— The number of persons who visited
the Royal Gardens m the year 1894 was 1,377,588. This shows a
falling off as compared with 1893 of, in round numbers , 450,000, which is
probably to be attributed to the marked difference in the summer of the
two years. The total does not, however, differ appreciably from that
for 1891, and does not depart very widely from 1,416, 887, the average
for the preceding ten -year peri
The actual annual attendance of visitors at Kew now oscillates about
a figure which prohebly nearly approaches a million and a half. And
at this it is pethaps li EMT! 2 remain for some time with the existing
means of access from Lond
19
The detailed numbers for 1894 are given below :—
S Mr Notit. Numbers. Month. Numbers.
January - - - 18,184 Brought forward - | 785,009
February - - - 32,992 July ^ - 185,427
March - - 218,514 August - - - | .211,192
April - E E - 139,741 September - - 101,550
May - - š 229,161 October - - - 42,228
June - - - - 146,417 November - - 31,738
December - - - 20,444
Carried forward - 785,009 . ———-——
Total - - | 1,377,588
's Botanical Magazine.—This illustrated work, which
reached the 107th year of its existence and its one hundred ‘and twentieth
yell is, and long has been, a permanent record of a election of the
ornamental and useful plants flowering at Kew during the year.
Fifty out of 60 of the figures cpm in last year's volume were
drawn from plants that flowered at Kew
Hookers “Icones Plantarum."—The second part of the fourth
volume of the current series of this publieation contains figures of a
number of new tropical African Apocynacee ; a new “Jal
Pilocarpus microphyllus ; Stenomeris borneensis, the third species of
this somewhat anomalous genus ; Euphorbia Abbottii, a distinct species
ieee E Aldabra in the Indian Ocean; Rhynchocalyz, a new
genus of Lythrariec, and various other interesting plants.
Arenga Engleri, Becc.—This palm, described by Signor Beccari in
Malesia, iii. p. 184, was discovered by the late Mr. R. Oldham in
j has
gol toothed at the apex. The axis of eee
and triangular at the apex, and more or less
" -furfuraceous scales. The much- ludin
spadices are borne amongst the leaves and are about a foot long. The
fruit is subglobose, about 8 lines in diameter and 3-celled, bearing in
euch cell a single seed, convex on the dorsal side, with an obt tuse angle
on the ventral side and havin g on its
the minute embryo is situated in the centre of the dorsal side. Mr. C.
Ford, who has introduced the plant into the Hong Kong Botanic
for
it, the whole country about Keelung in: scented with
it in the seni of June.
20
Botany of the Pileomayo Expedition.—After considerable delay, an
account has appeared (Transactions and Proceedings of the Botanieal
Society of Edinburgh, xx. 1894, pp. 44-78) of the plants collected by
Mr. J. Graham Kerr, naturalist to the unfortunate Argentine Expedi-
tion of 1890-91, to the Rio Pilcomayo, in the Grand Chaco of South
localities
names, and other particulars. Taken altogether it is a valuable
contribution to our knowledge of an interesting flora.
entific Reports of Mr. Conway’s Karakoram Expedition.—These,
together with maps on a large scale showing the route, have been issued
a separate volume. The botany consists of a systematic list of the
plants, with the localities and altitudes at WER they were collected.
reported (Kew Bulletin, A 145) the collection of dried
plants was presented by Mr. Conway to Kew. Only two were pre-
viously undescribed ; but the list is valuable, first as giving a good idea
of the flora of a glacial region, and secondly for the careful manner in
e plants have been localised.
Koorders’ Malayan Plants.— Mr. S. H. Koorders, associated with Dr.
Th. Valeton, has lately published an important contribution to our
knowledge of the trees of Java , based on extensive investigations and
collections made on the spot. The main part of the work is in the
age, but it also eontains Latin descriptions of all the species.
lt is issued under the Latin title of Additamenta ad Co ognitionem
lore Javanice. Pars 1. Arbores. A good many new species are
described, and pr nde the kindness of Dr. M. Treub, Director of the
Bui arden, Ke as received a set of Koorders’
Lane os ‘ectheatially Siml specimens of many of these
Fiji.—4A collection of gen from Fiji has been received from Mr. D.
Yeoward, Curator of the Botanical Station there. Besides native plants,
the collection includes m iaf specimens of introduced plants. A species
of Vavea has proved to be new, and a description of it has been drawn
up for the Bulletin. It forms a large tree, with leaves nearly a foot
long and clusters of numerous white flowers. One plant, called by the
— Lntu Lutu ni Vicau, is an apparently undescribed species of
acaranga, remarkable for its very obliquely peltate lanceolate cm
nearly 2 feet long.
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
zig (qiue * poi mb tiati s | 5a 462 Lorine eG
„JHO ament PARIS ES t nhs f ur nopeteater En eereidiononmvo 7 !
& RSS. f e " n = F- > T ma. s tet
alo uto corn oT Dye PAN Do zeist o
üaiw b! > caiishen m t
OF
MISCELLANEOUS. INFORMATION.
Wo.98.] — ^. FEBRUARY. [1895.
QCCCXXXVIIL—COFFEE CULTIVATION AT THE
— GOLD COAST.
Coffee cultivation in West Africa is gradually extending. In the
lowlands the plant chiefly cultivated is Coffea liberica ; but a small-
berried form of Coffea arabica is also grown. The beans of this are
vires small, but the produce when well cleaned has been valued as high
ewt. For the hills of the interior the best plant is
undoubteily the robust C. arabica grown in the Blue Mountains of
This has large ihe nettes e from the best
of in disease with
estates 140s. per owt. There is no danger trodueing
_ this poter:
Severa ee ra haye been started at the Gold Coast
(Kew alna 1802, p. “at Aburi at the Botanic Station
have also been noticed (Rew Bulletin, 1895, p. 11). The followi
correspondence communicated to Kew by the Secretary of State for the
Colonies affords information of a coffee and cacao plantation of
moderately large size in course of being established near Cape Coas
Castle :—
COLONIAL OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, Krw.
Colonial Office, — seni i
Sin, 5
oe ik directed by the Secretary of State for the Coloniae
smit to you, for your information, the accompanying extract Ton
| the Governor of the Gold Coast Colony, with an aecount
of Messrs. "Miller tN ll and Company’s coffee plantation at Kuby
Kul, near Cape Coa
m,.&e.
The Director, (Signed) yi Ue HE tite.”
eem Gardens, Kew. ga
(Énelosure. ties
p i from Deria from the Governor of the Gold Coast,
No. 14 of the 8th-January 1895.
An interesting account is given by Mr. Holmes of Messrs. Miller
Brothers and Company's coffee plantation at’ Kuby Kul, which is about
10 miles inland from Cape Coast. About 150 acres have been cleared
a 85826. 1375.—2/95. Wt. 45. A
22
and planted with coffee and cacao, and the first yield was obtained in
1893. The actual cost of the plantation has been 2,4007., and with this
modest expenditure the plantation will undoubtedly hah a very profit-
able undertaking. 1 enclosé an extract of the portion of Mr. Holmes’s
report which refers to the plantation, in case your Lordship should wish
to send it to the Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew
(Extraet.)
Distriet Commissioner's Office
Ca us Coast, October 13, 1894.
*
I have visited Messrs. Milter Brother vid Company's plintaded at
Kuby Kul twice during the guar uarter by the kind permission of their
agent, Mr. Batty. The estate consists of a commodious house
and ayt sheds and about 450 acres. It is situated about 10 miles
inland. The Cape Coast Sefwhi main road (which is now being con-
above the sea level. I first visited the plantation in 1892, when there
on only about 20 acres planted with cacao and Liberian coffee ; the
> part was covered with thick bush and forest: The plantation is
only four years years -— the first planting from the nursery being in June
as been increased year by year in areas of about
50 acres at a FUR ind the rearing of plants Mb — e
proceeded as under :—
Falt No. a No. of Coffee Number Yield of Yield of
` į Plants reared. | Plants reared. planted. Cacao. Coffee.
1890 - 500 3,000 Planted out uu Sa
1891 - 1,500 3,000 ye — —
1892 - 2,000 15,000 $ — aiy
1893 -~ 2,500 3,000 ii 21 cwt 18 ewt.
1894 - 1,500 1,500 E Crop in progress of
picking and curing.
8,000 25,500 25,500 — =
Tn nursery 1,500 15,000 -— c a
9,500 40,500 -— ái —
|
The coffee trees are planted. out 13 feet eie Mg but I think it
— — found from experience that 10 feet
s now cleared which remain b be planted. . ‘The
valey bise been utilized for the cacao and th evite portions for
ffee. At present there are roughly 150 ee fly p planted with trees
which are of the followin ng respective ages, viz. :—
20 acres coffee, 4 years old.
cacao,
vica acre of these trees were brought from Aburi Botanical Gardens.)
60 en 3 ayon ears old.
id »
20 oy coffee, 2 "
15. .,, cacao, lj ».
IU ois CI S d
23
The first crop from the older trees was picked in 1893. "This year
about one-half the plantation is in bearing. The cacao shows signs of-
bearing in its third year from “see, and the coffee two years from
— of planti ng out from the nursery. Before the whole of the 150
will begin to yield a -fettrh three years must yet elapse.
pel cost of clearing forest, — out, and weeding for the first.
four years is on an average of a 4l. per annum per aere. That is
to say, an estate of 150 acres in A fourth year would represent
2,4007. capital spent on cultivation. This includes the cost of manage-
ment and all expenses of labour, but not cost of plants or first cost of
-— — after the fourth year it is reckored that the cost will fall to 37.,
n the se venth year to 27. This is accounted for by the s of
ditur tree rv We sufficient shade to cover the whole of the ground, thus
causing less weeding. It is now estetfated d that one man ean keep
3 acres clean, and the cost of that labour is about 9/. per head per
annum. The weeds are well kept down throughout the estate, and the
surface of the ground mn nod tilled by Krooboy and native
se of a hoe. Under such careful management insects
vigour, the young trees being in full bloom. Mr. Batty everywhere
acts according to the maxim that what is worth doing is worth doing
well.
Cacao-curing.—The beans are fermented for three days, then placed
on shelves in the drying house for two days. After that are exposed
to the sun direct for two or three weeks until thoroughly
Coffee-curing vu present the dry process is adopted, n when the
yield increases the usual wet process will be used. ‘The berries are now
placed on pat drying ground first, as they are picked from the trees and
allowed to n there for a period of six x weeks, and when dry they
are juideli in pere by hand till the husks and parchment come off.
(Signed) J. R. Hotmes,
District Commissioner.
CCCCXXXIX.—DECADES KEWENSES.
PLANTARUM Novarum iN HERBARIO Horti REGII CONSERVATARUM;
DECAS XIII.
This decade er of descriptions = new plants collected by Mr.
aurice S. Evans, of Natal, during a trip made in July 1894 to the.
Drakensberg, for the purpose of exploring some caves formerly occupied
x the Bushmen. The part of the Drakensberg Range where they were
lies between Cathkin Peak and Giants Castle, at an elevation
of 6,000 to 9,000 feet above the sea, among the sources of Bush
's River. ‘This region is about the highest part of the Drakensberg.
and has — A e$ visited by or before, hence it was only to
be expected the collection should contain several novelties.
Practically duy “little of the Drakensberg has been explored botanically,
A 2
24
andenone of it thoroughly, but from the collections made by various
botanists whilst crossing the Range at various points, it is evident that it
ey rich and varied Flora, and those plauts here deseribedi
re mostly very distinct in. character from any others: yet known. to:
iib in the different genera to which they Perhaps the most .
SUME among them is the G Vna which adds a second
to the LA E brings that genus within t lora.
E
Sebea is remarkable for its creeping ste and perennial DN and is.
well worthy of introduction into tration It is to be hoped that.
Mr. Evans will, on. future occasions, bring to light many more of the
teresting p Panis ap! ena flanhtie's.® hidden away in the nooks, of the.
Few wane os
121. Hermannia malv N. E. Brown [Sterculiuces]; ramis,
elongatis decumbentibus vel Dheuttentibts pilis , ,stellatis asperatis,
foliis petiolatis orbicularibus basi cordatis crenatis stellato-tomentosis'
viridibus, earum is, floribus solitariis foliis oppositis, pedicellis
medio e ampleetante apice bifida. stellato-tomentosa,
entiipáanilads fere Atm medium acute quinquefido s stellato-tomeritoso
et glanduloso, petali asi C5 extus basi
stellato-pubescentibus, staminibus inclusis, filamentis planis” "supra
medium bitubereulatis tubereulis pilosis, antheris acuminatis bifidis:
marginibus ciliatis, ovario stellato-tomentoso, stylo elongato glabro.
Habitat.—Natal: on the Drakensberg, Bushman’s River, 6,000-7,000
ft. alt., growing among.dry grass, July, Evans, 55.
‘Caules 1-2 ped. longi, 3-1 lin. crassi. Foliorum petioli 2-7 lin. longi,
lamin 3-11 lin. diam. Pedicelli 2-34 lin. longi. Bractee | lin. longs.
moms [xvm 14 lin. prog lobi 1} lin. longi. Petala 4 lin. longa,
1} lin. I |
This is quite antes s any other species in the genus; the leaves
resemble those of Malva rotundifolia, L., but are smaller, and not at
all lobed.
122. Helichrysum album, N. E. Brown [Composite] y foliis radi-
calibus dense rosulatis obovatis vel rotundato-obovatis obtusis caulinis
erectis elliptico-oblongis obtusis subamplexicaulibus concavis floccoso-
lanatis, pedunculo gracili scapiformi monocephalo emet floccoso-
lanato, capitulo magno multifloro, involucri bracteis lanceolatis a
niveis basi rubro-purpureis nitidis bracteis radiantibus quam discu
"w— Vrat receptaculo fimbriato-foveolato obscure denter
roll ta glabra, pappi setis deciduis sela
Pese A r9 — glabris.
Habitat,—Natal : on the Ut aito at Busizosii s River Paise, near:
the snow line, 1,000-8,000 ft., Evans, 48.
Folia radicalia. -14 pak v sect 4-8 lin.-lata, caulina 5—7.]in ont
ae Jin, lata; P. -4 poll. longi. Capitula iid poll... diam.
volucri imeem £8 in Lgs ICH i er Corolla temet longa.
25
7A dwarf: species; possibly of tufted habit, allied to Z7. m,
DGy:and Hs: marginatum, DO: » From the: one- -headed forms orms of the taba;
former it differs by its scape
obtuse leaves, which are:more: densely rosulate, and the "glabrous A are
From — by its much broader obovate leaves and. very different:
- 123. He elichrysum confertüm, N. E. Brown ;. ie tipi eatenus!
ramosissimis, ramis. brevibus confertis. dense. albo-lana , foliis dense
confertis parvis elliptico- vel oblongo-spathulatis obtusis "heit et late
petiolatis canaliculatis dense albo-lanatis, capitulis plerumque 3-5 (raro
1—2) ad apices ramorum sessilibus circa 30-floris, involueri cam = ulati
glabri bracteis adpressis exterioribus gradatim minoribus elliptico-
oblongis: obtusis pallide brunneis interioribus oblongis obtusis albis
opacis quam discus duplo longioribus subradiantibus, receptaculo parvo
fimbrillato-denticulato, corolle 5-dentate dentibus extus ine lato-
barbatis, pappi setis apice incrassatis Wsliris, ovariis papillatis
Habitat.—Natal : on the Drakensberg, near Bushman's River, 6,000
7,000 ft., Evans, 49.
- Folia cum petiolo 24-4} lin. longa, 2-3 lin. lata. Capitula 4-5 lin.
diam. Znvolucri bractex exteriores 1-2 lin. longs, 3-1 lin. latze, interiores
3-4 lin. long», 3-14 lin. late. Corolla 11 lin. longa.
FM to it being Pom: Hook. fil., an sil New Zealand d species,
It appears fo be a rf species of ‘compact nd with ee nii stom)
i-r v^ ae havin; short, densely her al
wi h iod Maing f leaves. . yu Patan? that -it
124. Nestlera virgata, N. E. Brown omncm ; caulibus erectis
gracilibus simplicibus vel ápice brevissime spidulis brunneis,
foliis alternis fasciculatis linearibus reece - tis mucroziulatis
ispidis, capitulis sessilibus pui elit solitariis. vel pluribus in ramulis
brevibus lateralibus .yersus apicem caulium racemosis multifloris,
involueri campanulati uated linearibus acuminatis scariosis brunneis
glabris exterioribus gradatim et receptaculo epaleaceo foveolato,
floribus- radii 18-22- uniseriatis : longio:
ri-oblongis
obtusis tridenticulatis supra luteis subtus is inferne:
"floribus disci vorrei 5-dentatis glandulosis Inteis, antheris
pi. us in:eupulam dentatam plus
minusve.connatis, variis. radii. ag ern bos, disci glabris.
„Habitat Natal: on the. Drakensberg, 6000-7000 , $ alt, Ju,
Evans,
-Caules . 7-16; poll, ale eG, 2-5 lin. „longa, d 5g
vitula 7-8 Jin, diam, ucri_ bractex interiore3 3. o
1-$ lin. latae, .- Corolle » i pii. lin, longa, 1. lin, late, disci b m
longa. Pappus lin. longus.
A well marked plant, quite unlike any other in the genus, and some-
bling a #elhania in general appearance, but the receptacle is
i
rt
5 * Bs
what res
without pales.
26
9. Athrixia pinifolia, V. E. Brown Sa jane a — vem
tribes erectis inferne basibus foliorum delapsorum plu
vestitis, folis confertis inus adscendentibus Webigilie- linesribds
acutis dorso convexis marginibus scabrido-ciliatis glabris, pedunculo
ca
campanulati bracteis multiseriatis sublaxis lanceolatis vel subspathu
ceolatis acutis apice plus minusve Sacs rvis scariosis brunneis e:
viridibus glabris exterioribus gradatim minoribus, receptaculo plano
nudo, floribus radii lineari-oblongis apice minute tridentatis involucrum
excedentibus albis subtus purpureo-vittatis, floribus disci tubulosis
superne ampliatis breviter 5-dentatis luteis glabris, pappi setis uniseriatis
asperis, ovariis pubescentibus.
- Habitat.— Natal: on the n tà in the bed of the Bushman’s:
River, among boulders, July, Evans, 5
-3 ped. altus. Folia 1-1} poll. longa, 1-1 lin. lata.
Palinenl: 9-18 lin. longi. Capitula 9 lin. diam. IJnvolueri bracteæ
interiores 4 lin. longe, 4 lin. late. Corolle radii 4 lin. longs, disci
2 lin. longs.
A very distinct species, with the habit of certain species of Relhania
and Nestlera acerosa, Haw. bis sail si cipe
126. Printzia laxa, V. E. Brown [Composite]; ramis ilibus
apice albo-tomentosis, foliis alternis petiolatis ellipticis vel “ampao
ovatis acutis mucronulatis basi cuneato-acutis mar inibus mucronulato-
dentatis supra viridibus sparsissime arachnoideis subtus albido-tomen-
tosis, capitulis magnis solitariis terminalibus radiatis multifloris, involucri
eampanulati bracteis 5-6-seriatis exterioribus gradatim minoribus
lanceolatis MÀ apice pubescentibus ciliatis fuscisque, floribus radii
ineari-ligulatis apice tridentatis roseis vel roseo-purpureis, floribus
disci tubolosis 5-dentatis, luteis, ovariis pubescentibus.
Habitat —Natal : on the Drakensberg, Bushman’s River, 6,000-7,000
feet alt., July, Evans, 53.
Foliorum petioli 2-4 lin. longi, laminz 1-3 poll. long, 9 lin.-14 poll.
late. Capitula 12-14 lin. diam. Involucrum 5 lin. ongum. llc
radii 7 lin. longe disci 3} lin. longe.
In habit and foliage this somewhat resembles P. Huttoni, but the
involucre is very different.
127. Gymnopentzia pilifera, V. E. Brown MM semet EXE
ramis subtetragonis erectis decussato-ramosis, ramulis brevibus cum foliis
albopilosis demum glabris, foliis oppositis bad vaginal nistoscotmietti ad
medium vel infra bilobis, lobis integris vel fureatis subteretibus sub-
obtusis, capitulis parvis ad apicem ramorum dense corymbosis discoideis
40-70-floris breviter pedicellatis, involucri hemispherici bracteis
nner adpressis lanceolatis acutis vel subacuminatis fusco-marginatis
receptaculo convexo nudo, floribus involucrum excedentibus
eftecioribus tantum fertilibus, corolla tubo eylindrico apice abrupte
ampliato quinquefido extus glanduloso-papilloso luteo, achzniis teretibus.
10-costulatis puberulis.
- Habitat.—Natal : on the Drakensberg, near Bushman’ Rives 800.
7,000 rt. alt., July, Evans, 51. 1
27
muli foliiferi et floriferi 9 lin.-1 poll. longi Mp ui din. longa,
lobi T Ta. lati. Pedicelli 1-3 lin. longi. Capitula 21-34 . diam.
Involucri bractee 1 lin. longe. Corolla 14 fin, longa. p.c $ lin.
longa.
This differs from G. bifurcata, Benth., by its much shorter and race-
mosely decussate flowering branchlets, the lobes of the leaves bei ng fre-
quently forked, the long white silky hairs which laxly clothe the young
shoots and leaves, the much shorter pedicels, more acute bracts of the
involucre, and the corolla has a longer and more slender tube, and is
much more abruptly dilated in the upper part than it is in G. bifurcata.
128. Gerbera parva, V. E. Bro [Composite] ; foliis parvis
i ee late vere "Shon — "ulatis basi tcm
b l 2 pi osis, br
subulatis glabris, capitulis parvis rédisüs, involueri bracteis lineari-
lanceolatis acuminatis a gradatim minoribus subglabris viridi-
bus vel atropurpureo suffusis, floribus radii 1 uniseriatis involucrum
btus plus mi rp
formibus eomiporito, floribu I 1 j
pappi setis scabridis sibidis, o ovario Miror i
Habitat.—Natai: on the Drakensberg, near Bushman's River, in a
damp place, 6,000—7,000 ft. alt., July, Evans, 5
Foliorum — i-1$ poll. longi, laminæ e lin. Sr sly 3-6 lin. late.
Scapi i Tri poll. longi. Bractee 1 : lin. longs. Capitula 8 lin.
diam. Znvolucri nl sabrina n. longz. Corolle radii 4 lin.
longe, disci 24 lin. longz.
arked species, with flower heads elosely resembling those of
Bellis poenio in size and appearance. Mr. Evans only found it in
one place
129. Sebæa Evansii, V. E. Brown [Gentianex]; caulibus e
repentibus “yadicantibus ramosis eespitoso-intertextis labris, foliis
parvis petiolatis ovatis vel subreniformibus obtusis.vel subapiculatis
basi cuneatis subcarnosis glabris, floribus terminalibus solitariis vei
binis pediceliatis vel subsessilibus, calycis d quinquifidi lobis.
lanceolato-oblongis acutis dorso carinatis glabris, corolla calycem duplo -
excedenti lutea lobis tubo angusto longioribus spathulato-
ratis ob , staminibus 5 fauci corolle tubi insertis filamentis
edentatis anthers linearibus sagittatis apice glanduliferis multo
poem stylo elongato supra basin bituberculato, stigmate integro.
at.—Natal: on the Drakensberg, Bushman’s River, in damp
plac on flat rocks, 6,000-7,000 ft. alt., July, Evans 56; Ingeli Moun-
tain in moist places, 6000 ft. alt., July, Tyson, 1378; without locality,
28
= Very distinct from all the other species of the hg by its ereeping
d ‘which are rently perennial; they root at the nodes and
interwoven iato dense masses, bearing hundreds of flowers
together, according to a note on Mr. Evans's label.
130. Nemesia albiflora, V. E. Brown | Scrophularines |; herbácea erecta
viscoso-pilosa, foliis ovatis subobtusis dentatis basi rotundatis in petiolum
abrupte cuneatim decurrentibus supr emis sessilibus, floribus axillaribus
solitariis, cá tenuibus, sepalis vede vel lineari-oblongis acutis,
eorolle labiis zqualibus superiore pro -fido segmentis oblongis
obtusis, inferiore integro obovato dbtcadngidit ctm bicalloso —
bec o calcare lineari labiis breviore, capsula compressa oblonga
ue i iare ari-emarginata, Neiliscbul late. alatis oblongis utrinque
inute tuberculatis.
Habitat.—Natal:on the Drakensberg, Bushman’s River, growing in
old caves, 6,000—7,000 ft. alt, July, Evans, 58; without locality,
Gerrard, 1,230. i
Planta 4-18 poll. ath Adi aen petioli 2-6 lin. longi, laminze 3-21
poll. longe, 4 lin.-13 poll. late. | Pedicelli 6-8 lin. longi. Sepala 14-2
lin. longa, 3-3 lin. lata. Corolle labia 3—4 lin. longa, calcar 2 lin. longum.
Capsula 3-43 lin. longa, 24-3 lin. lata. Semina 1: Haodemgn; a sss
lata.
Allied to N. pubescens, Benth., but the flowers are largor, ius
a few violet veins (not yellow as in N. pubescens), and the c pete ger
and much more deeply emarginate. Possibly a plant eollseted t by Cooper
(io. 623) in the district of Albany, Cape Colony, should be. referred
here, but it is more glabrous, and the palate of the corolla appears to be
yellow. I describe from Mr. Evans’s specimens,
CCCCXL.—AGRICULTURAL FARMS IN THE BOMBAY
PRESIDENCY.
The annual report of the Department of Land Records and Agri
culture, Bombay. Poseidon css for 1892-93, contains an aceóunt-of the
Bhadgaon n Experimental Farm, which has lately beem sold -by Governs
ment in favour of a new one which it- is proposed to. establish in the
Cullen, this: t
valuable instruction which may be obtained by the Government from
such an institution, and of the direct benefits which it confers on local
culture. To ascertain the limits within which that agriculture. ls
susceptible of improvement is even more important than to prosecute.
experiments the ultimate success of which may be beyond the area of
wiati is — possible.
“Amongst other things accomplished at the farm is the value of the
amid deal phasowel: earbon sota — attack in stored grain. This
i wit A cl in 1879, and the corre-
Kew Bulletin, 1890, —
29°
SRE *9 "BHADGAON Farm. ath iii nines camel
i This, farm has just been: sold-for a satisfactory: sum; It I
1,156 acres., Of that area 812- acres were originally transferred from.
Government waste for, the use: of eg ra and have been principally.
used as grass and hay land. -The remainder was purchased from time
to time from private, occupants, often at á high price, for in this area
not only was the land. already. cleared de i cun aa but there were
several wells which added to its value. It máy be» said. paapa —
prion was ATTORI to 25 times the assosemené: on. the form and
o 40 times on. the, latter... Such:a- priee is à. proof, ue ain of the
Ee sy value of m I of the improvement: made it during its:
utilisation as à Government farm. Live and. dead. Mock fetched more
than the fact hats Tio, à nd the standing crops, which under.a
favourable season were unusu ally fine, nearly as large a figure as the
gross value of the crop of the previous m though the purchaser bears
the cost of harvest, and the risk of untimely rain and the li o
buildings, the total Queso on new erection renovation, M repairs.
during the last 10 years to Rs. 12,8 The farm buildings,
together Au the. diftus. p originally (1833) cost Rs. 5,000,
sold for over Rs. 11,000, a fair price. The arm was purchased,
by a caipitaliet, who intends to work it as a farin. yr he may sub-let
portions from time to time.
The reason why the farm was sold is, broadly pea Des its isolated
inaccessible situation, but among other reasons were the failure of the
Jámda Canal, the unhealthiness of the locality, and ae great dearth of
abour
The "dé iac are in part available for the acquisition of . ane for
another farm in à more suitable locality, and for the. eia f farm
buildings, and for stocking. In all probability the Dod will be
ated in the neighbour rat.
Ås to the working of the farm in the year under report, I need only
say that the kharif season was unfavourable; but the late erops were,
partly on this account, good enough to show a profit, on the whole, of.
Rs. 6 per acre of cro pped land, or ‘nearly as large a profit as that re
on the average of the previous five years.
The ooh rae made were chiefly those which have been carriedo
fora series of y They may best be deseribed in the TN ou.
general remar ks hie, I think, show what use the pes has served.
during the last d :
It has taught ~ fally the local € of cultivation, has in some
s shown that that system is e, and has given facts of
| value which could not iere ‘been otherwise obtained. We
have demonstrated the benefit of seleetion of seed, a point to which local
cultivators were and are den but to which more attention has
attracted, and it is not — to say that this is a lesson
-- which will not be wholly forgotten
We have proved that it is useless to —— in implements, mà
we lee found a place for improved sugar-cane mills, for
oes, and, wiihin ay gs for the Miiadiptod of E
ploughs. e have introduced from abroad, as well as from other parts.
ully grown some new varieties of staple crops, eig:
dl variety of. béjel from | Gujarat, reha from Broach and elses
where, new kinds of cena several varieties of wheat from various:
places, among which the M uzáffarnagar soft white has done very well,
and potatoes, the future of whieh i is hopeful.
30.
We have reete oni studied the merits and demerits of local and other
cottons. It en proved that American long-stapled varieties, d
not —- if sown at once as received from America, cde cceed
weli if first acclimatised in 1 Dharwar, and that such cottons are needy
useful on light land. Wehave of aceon pting
to oust the local Varádi rarity b but have helped the cultivators by
MÀ ah at uaa eae em s seed of this variety, improved by
selectio the farm, rhein ier ipo freely purchased. We have
kept alive tio Jari and Bani kindsof the Berárs. We have proved that
the Government interference which was once recommended to restrict
the growth of indigenous inferior staples, is c M— because the
climatie conditions suit the short-stapled varieties best
Our continued trial of different wheats have PAPE that soft white
of consistency and colour. The trials have been sufficiently satisf:
to warrant a distribution of soft white seed among cultivators in the
Tápti valley. If soft white seed finds a better market than hard, it is
certain that it will = E aim and this may also be affirmed with regard
to the long-stapled co
We have saved ui zem much by testing various exotics, often
highly recommended, on the farm before allowi wing the rayat to run the
risk of experiments ‘doomed to failure. This was Ment the case i in
respect to pedigree wheats ficni England and Australia
~ Our stock-rearing has been the least successful DES and has cost
f ow
cannot be stall-reared with profit. The strain has its merits, and
will leave its e in the neighbourhood. ‘We find that it is difficult
to improve on the local breeds of sheep and goats. The Dumba of Sind
soon deteriorates.
: In the difficult question of Vas diseases and insect attack we have
proved the value of several specifies, in particular the sulphate of copper
and carbolic acid ves for smut, and bi-sulphide of carbon for weevil
attack in store
have tpm ated the unsoundness of the former encouragements
given towards the growth of road-side trees in the midst of cultivation
as a means of enlarging the aren of tree-growth, and shown the direction
in which such encouragement is safe.
We have learnt much regarding the effect of manures on black soil.
The deduction drawn is a confirmation of a widespread belief as to the
reel character of x black lands, and that on such land
re tu a rabi crop does not pay either when the season is favourable
or wien it is POET the faetors of rainfall or irrigation proving
the more poten e have demonstrated clearly the immense value, in
India, of natae green manuring, particularly with papilionaceous
leguminous crops.
Lastly, aa farm has largely increased our knowledge as to the
por rman ty of ae is systems and apeme practices, such as ensilage
and has given us several well-trained native agricultural
exper who will be utilised in the future under more —
31
CCCCXLI.—STORING HOME-GROWN FRUIT.
A cheap and effective means for storing home-grown apples and pears
would greatly increase the value and usefulness of these fruits. The
elaborate an costly fruit-rooms attached to large country houses are
beyond the reach of persons of moderate means or of small marke
growers. A simple and practical means of storing fruit would raed ~
to be brought to market over longer periods, and to some extent obvi
the annual and wasteful glut which discourages i -— grower by reducing
the price without giving much bene o the consumer.
In the Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society (vol. xviii
pp. 145-148), a description by Mr. George Bunyard of a fruit room
devised by him is published with an illastration. It is 30 feet long by
12 feet wide, is capable of holding 300 kinds of fruits, and costs
about 307.
Mr. Bunyard has been gcod enough to eÀ—MMÀ some further
m Án of this fruit room to Kew. In view its simple con-
and general usefulness, it is — 9 that its merits should be
more widely known. The following account is therefore reproduced.
The illustration has been lent by the Council of the Royal Horticultural
Society :—
PARTICULARS OF FRviT Room.
Foundation —First level the soil and dig out holes for the corners
large enough to admit brick piers 14 by 14 inches, or stones about 1 foot
square ; fix an iron rei in the centre to receive the corner = oma of the
struct ome provision for air, sueh as air bricks, o aperture
cavers outside xd dés with perforated sine, should be provided just
above the ground line. "d over 20 feet long an extra foundation should
be put in at the half "n nee.
Main Posts.— Make these 6 feet long, 6 inches square, ahd prepare a
hole in the foot to receive the dowel mentioned above; this will keep
32
the framework firm. The main ground plate should be 4} by 3, and the
top plate of the same size ; support and steady ea in the usual way
with quartering 43 by 3, and when fixed, choose a dry day to d be"
or cold creosote the fovet plates and all the vba 2 feet e
ground to protect from damp. The quartering should show an po
outside face.
Outside Covering —The cheapest material will be $-in. matehboard,.
—— it may 5 well be fixed on the rafters as well. ` Piteliboard 4p by 1 -—
rs 3
onds dem one side to the other should be 4} by 3; if stout any?
a useful to hold planks, on which baskets can be placed overhead in
roof. -To receive'the vertical thatch a side board is attached 6 inchés
wide from the ground to roof, in which the thatch is placed upright,
and it is kept in position by lateral splints of wood 3 by 1, shown in
——
The thatch may be 18 inches thick on the roof and 6 inches at the
ides, and where it can be procured, carex or reed is strongest and. most
lasting, but it may be of wheat-straw or heather. The eaves should
project a a good way to protect from damp.
Doors.—An inside and outside dion should be provided. They must
be efe to fit closely = exclude draughts
Window to allow of an inspection of the fruit, windows
of 21 oz. glass pcs and this saves the use of a candle at storing
time, but taller shutters are provided to gon the place as dark as
ible. A fruit room is perhaps better without windows.
Ventilation is provided by an ope ning each
end, 1 inch by 9 inches, a small. opening being left between the y My
shutters which can be stopped by hay or moss in severe weather. The
inside should be protected by perforated zinc, fine enough to keep out |
poe and flies
es and Rats.—In order to. d 2 contents, a half-inch stout
ld be fastened
Y
wire battu 8 to the matchboard outside so that an
aes would be eae ‘This is advisable te keep out rats.
— € ch te —— eadily fixed at he Bret
lengths of clean wheat straw, so
shelves. In the centre of the fruit room we have a narrow table with a
raised edge, made of three oet wide of matchboard, set on trestles ;
this is useful for special so
—Names.— Get a slip of ide 4inches long, turn up one end | inch, at
an angle of 45, and then slit this angle three times and bend it so that
it will hold a neat card; the other end can be slipped under tie straw.
The fruit must never be wet when stored, and should be handled very
carefully and laid singly on the shelves, but in the case of small apples
(russets, &e,) they will keep well three or four thick. Carefully overs:
m time to .time and remove rotten or spotted fruit, and keep the ;
floor always damp.
se few hints will enable growers to keep late pears to March, and;
«nie to 2: or —
AME
Fa ^ ier ae
38
. OCCCXLIL—NEW ORCHIDS: DECADE13.. >
121: Pleurothallis parva, Rolfe; cuwspitosa, caulibus Epa
gracilibus teretibus, foliis crassissimis earnosis linearibus obtusis —
culatis basi convolutis, racemis brevibus circa 4-floris, bracteis
lari-ovatis acutis basi tubulosis, sepalo
lateralibus fere ad apicem souma. lineari oblongis acutis carinatis,
petalis obovato-oblongis. subobtusis uninerviis, labello trilobo 1
lateralibus . parvis falcato-oblongis pu Vive fio oblongo bens
apice crenulato, columna clavata.
Haz.—Brazil.
es 3-1 poll longi. iae 8-11 lin. longa, 13-12 lin diii
Races 6 lin. longi. Bractee 2 lin. longe. Pedicelh 3 foi T net
Sepala 2} lin. longa. Petal i 1 lin. longa. Labellum 1 tin. lon ngum,
Columna 2 lin, longa.
A small species which. was found by Messrs.. F. Sander & Co. ina
clump of Cattleya harrisoniana, Batem,, having flowered in their
establishment in i RES of the present year.: It belongs to Lindley's
—À Brachystachye, and is allied to P. Xu schiana, Rc hile
in s ans general abit it is comparable to P. souderana, Rchb. f
The f ers are wholly deep yellow. No puel ue can be found
which ignes with it, and so small a plant might easily be overlooked,
especially in this large genus, even in a region so comparatively well
known.
122. Dendrobium robustum, Molfe; pseudobulbis erectis elon
medio paullo i ncrassatis robustis, foliis eee oblique obtusis re ,
racemis AID rua s elongatis multifloris, bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis
acutis, sepalis lineari-oblongis subobtusis obscure undulatis apice
recurvis, me nto conieo obtuso, petalis e spathulatis obtusis semi-
tortilibus obscure undulatis, labello trilobo lobis lateralibus semioblongis
obtusis intermedio oblongo obtuso crispo-undulato, disco subearnoso
qu mm o earinis antice in lamellas 3 elevatas undulatas "set
columna bre
Hasn.—New Guinea.
venne 2-21 ped. alti. Folia 5-6 ‘poll. longa, ha berg lata
Bractee 2-2} lin. longz. Pedicelli 8-10 lin. longi. la 8-9 lin.
lese Petala 10 lin. longa. Labellum 9 lin “Tongans ^t li in. Mie
Mentum 4 "^ sanis Pet 2 lin. erae j
fied: in: hei establishment in Fenway last. b is allied tó
D. mirbelianum, Gaudich., which, however, has longer — se
s, and much larger bracts, Descriptions of t
additions to this group have recently appeared, though dita padhas fit
the present plant, which is consequently considered to be new. The
flowers are yellowish green, with several light purple lines on the base
of the sepals, a broader purple band on the lower half of the petals, and
numerous radiating purple lines on the lip, which become slightly
reticulated ont the front lobe. Tt is a robust growing plant.
128. Dendvebinin ve M M Rolfe ; pseudobulbis aggregatis
formi-elongatis demum - sulentis vibus apice RE d n
lanceolato- v. elliptico- blogs apice obliquis subobtusis, racemis
34
axillaribus bi-trifloris, bracteis brevissimis v. subobsoletis, ovariis tri-
quetris, sepalis lanceolato-oblongis acutis carinatis, mento brevi obtuso,
petalis elliptico-oblongis acutis, labello unquiculato trilobo Gasto
velutino minute denticulato Shis lateralibus suborbicularibus intermedio
latissime ovato, columna clava
Has.—Burmah, Shan Bites,
dfe ned 2-5 poll. longi. Folia 23—2$ poll. longa, 6-10 lin. lata.
c 1 poll. longi. Pedicelli 14-14 poll. longi. Sepala 1 pol
longa, 3 fit: lata, Petala 10 lin. longa, 4i "lin: lata. Labellum 10 lin.
longum, 7 lin. latum. Mentum 1 lin. longum. Columna 3 lin. longa.
A very distinct species, which was introduced by Messrs. Charles-
worth & Co., Heaton, radioni early in 1894. It is evidently allied to
trigonopus, Rehb.f. Gard. Chron., 1887, ii., p. 682, but differs in
the absence of iens s Si the lip, as well as in various structural
details. The flowers of D. velutinum are uniformly deep yellow, and
the lip velutinous. por somewhat resemble those of D. cariniferum,
Rchb. f., except in wanting the pw spuhdie mentum which
characterises the section Formose. On the other hand, the strongiy
any of the yellow flowered species of section Ewdendrobium, so that the
exact affinity of these two — as Reichenbach indicated for the
original one, is "- doubtful.
124. Cirrhopetalum gence m olfe ; rhizomate repenti, iias
bulbis tetragono-ovoideis monophyllis subdistantibus, foliis oblongis
obtusis basi attenuatis, scapis em e gracilibus 6-9 floris, floribus
umbellatis, bracteis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, sepalo ie ovato-
oblongo longe caudato ciliato, lateralibas angustis prope basin connatis
longissime caudatis, petalis triangulari - lanceolatis eiodstis ciliatis
la rec lateraliter compresso, columna brevissima
dentibus brevibus obtusis.
Has.— Burmah ?
Pseudobulbi 8-9 lin. longi. Folia 24 _ longa, 6-7 lin
Scapi 6-7 poll. longi. Bractee 4-1 lin. longs. Pedicel li T lin.
longi. Sepalum posticum 3 lin. longum ; pea circiter sesquipolli-
caria, Petala 2} lin. longa. Labellum 3 lin. longum. Columna 4 lin.
longa.
A very distant species originally sent by T. R. Jarvis, Esq., Laurel
Grove, Chelmsford, and afterwards by Mr. J. O’Brien, and Messrs. F.
Horsman & Co. It belongs to the group with a ciliate dorsal sepal, but
has no near ally among Indian species. The flowers are reddish purple,
thus resem Cumingii, Lindl., in colour, while in shape they are
compered with C. vaginatum, Lindl., both of which are very
different in other respects. There is a doubt about the habitat ; one
record being ^ India,” the other “ Burmah ?”
125. Cirrho um mysorense, Rolfe; rhizomate valido, pseudo-
bulbis tetragono-ovoideis monophyllis distantibus, foliis lineari-oblongis
obtusis basi attenuatis, scapis gracilibus 4—5-floris, floribus umbellatis
braeteis ovato-oblengis subacutis, pedicellis gracilibus, pilo postico
ovato-lanceolato subobtuso, lateralibus faleato- fiüéaribs subobtusis,
petalis pu sie perti ym trinerviis, labello oblongo reeurvo medio
umna brevissima dentibus brevibus obtusis. -
"ms Tidi; ei oe Mysore.
35
Pseudobulbi 3-1 poll. longi. Folia 3i me longa, ME lin. lata.
Scapi 3—4 a longi. Bractee 11-2 lin. longae. Pedi li 31-4 lin.
longi epal M cama 4-5 Tin. longum, 12 lin. ipei: ; lateralia
‘6-7 lin. longa. Petala p "- longa, 14 lin. lata. Labellum 1} lin.
longum. Column net Bae)
This species was Feo By Mr. James O’Brien, with whom it
first flowered in September 1891, and afterwards in the ‘collection of Sir
Trevor Lawrence, Bart. It is allied to the Himalayan C. maculosum,
Lindl., though different in numerous particulars, both of structure and
colour. The flowers are nearly white, with the exception of the lip,
which is purple.
126. Cirrhopetalum nodos Rolfe ; ipei valido nodis paullo
incrassatis, E xeudotibis oblongis v. anguste ovato-o ongis monophyllis,
foliis lineari-oblongis obtusis basi attenuatis, scapis brevibus 6-7 floris,
floribus n ——MÀ bracteis lanceolatis acutis, sepalo postico ovato-
oblongo acuto munutissime denticulato concavo, —— —
attenuatis sabe utis, petalis ovatis subacutis margine e , labello
reeurvo lineari-oblongo stolide, columna brevissima déa devil
tis.
Has. —South India, Nilghiri hills.
Pseudobulbi 13-2 poll. longi, 1-2} poll. phi: Folia 54 poll.
longa, 8 lin. lata. Scapi 34 poll longi.. Bractee 2-2} = longs.
Pedicelli 4- 41 lin. longi. Sepalu m posticum 4 lin. ^ ongum ; lateralia
12-14 lin. longa. Petala 14 lin. longa. Labellum 1} lin. longum.
Columna 1 lin. lon nga.
A species first received from Mr. J. O ‘Brien in August 1892. It is
allied to C. Macrei, Lindl., having the umbels slightly racemose, as in
that
cornutum, lindl. The habit is peculiar. The rhizomes are stout and
woody, and the pseudobulbs some distance apart ; the intervals showing
several ciim thickened nodes, in allusion to which the name is
The rs are densely speckled with reddish brown on a
somewhat lighter ground.
127. Cirrhopetalum setiferum, Rolfe; rhizomate valida, pannid:
bulbis oblongis v. ovoideo-oblongis monophyllis, foliis anguste oblongis
obtusis basi attenuatis, scapis gracilibus 4-6 floris, floribus umbellatis,
bracteis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, sepalo postico ovato-oblongo con-
o eciliatis,
carnoso lateraliter subcompresso, columna brevissima dentibus lineari-
spathulatis apice obliquis acutis.
Has.—Himalaya.
Pseudobulbi 1 poll. longi, 1-2 poll. distantes. Folia 9-10 poll. longa,
1} poll. lata. Scapi 9-10 poll. longi. Bractee 24-3 lin. longs.
Pedicelli 6-7 lin. longi. Sepalum posticum 5-6 lin. longum ; lateralia
eee poi a am Petala 3} lin. longa. Labellum 2 lin. longum.
n. longa; dentes 1 lin. longi.
This rir sent by Mr. — O'Brien in i 1891, and
a year later by Sir’ Trevor Lawrence. The former received it in a case
of plants which contained Pholidota repens, Rolfe, and certain other
novelties, together with one or two old species which indicate the
36
habitat as somewhere in or near Sikkim, .a point which has: qd
been doubtful It has the habit of C. cornutum, leat:
siderably i snlareed, and with the addition of longs sl
ips of the petals and dorsal Pope and very. remarkable. Rate on ine
The set» indicate an approach to C. Tiri Lodd, the next
species, though in other respects it is very different
128. Celogyne lamellata, Rolfe ; seapo e Crecitl 9-3.loro, brecitis
imis àcutis deciduis, ovariis hexapteris, sepalis diblopgesianceolatts
acutis carinatis concavis, petalis linearibus acutis, labello trilobo
lobis lateralibus semioblongis apice rotundatis intermedio ovato
ubacuto, disco 9-lamellato lamellis corrugato-undulatis, columna
clavata aptera
CO M Hess:
| Brac dicel 1 poll. lon Sepala 11 poll.
ong "681 qi fa. PA Petala y oll. lon Tar in i abetan Y
pol longum, 11 lin. latum. umna 10 lin. lon
A distinet Calogyne, sent by Messrs. F. Sander á Co. in August last
with the information that it was received from a gentleman whose name
and address have been unfortunately mislaid. Tt is the second species
known from the New Hebrides, the earlier one ne being C. AM" Donaldi,
. Muell. and Krünzl. in Ester. Bot. Zeitschr. peal p. 209, which
‘is obviously allied to the present one, ‘sepa bed
‘as keeled, the keels of the lip. i five, the sepals: and pe
some dusky spots, and the lip yellowish flesh foliis "phe p m
species has the sepals, petals, and column uniformly pale riish- |
green and the lip white. Almost the whole lip is corrugated. ‘The
lower half of the front lobe bears five strongly corrugated ‘keels; which
extend to the base of the lip, while along the side lobes four additional
ones extend, two on either side. The next two pairs of nerves on either
hand also bear a number of tubercle-like swellings.
129. Maxillaria mooreana, Rolfe; pseudobulbis oblongis mono-
phyllis, fotiis lanceolato-oblongis acutis, pedunculis brevi ibus vaginis
laxis acutis subimbrieatis, bracteis spathaceis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis,
sepalo postico elliptico- oblongo acuto subcarinato subconeav zi eig
triangulo-ovatis subobtusis, mento conico obtuso, pet lliptico-
lanceolatis acutis, labello integro e Bption-oblongo, obtuso imd dense
farinaceo, callo late oblongo obtuso, columna clavata
Hazs.— Guatemala.
Pseudodulbi 14 poll. longi. ned 8-10 poll. longa, 11-20 lin. lata.
Pedunculi 4 4 poll. longi. Bractee dE lon ae Sepalu m D
i rum, 54 lin. latum; lateralia 6} lin. lata. Petala 9 lin.
longa, 4 lin. lata, Labellum 6 lin. Papi 3 lin. Acne Mentum 6 lin.
longum. Columna 5 lin. longa.
A pretty species belonging to the same group as M. pilinisi and
approaching M. Hiibschii, Rehb., f., which has od flowers, with
broa
duced by. Messrs. F. Sander -& Co., and flowered in their establishment
in April 1891, when it was. named, though the description has not
The a s ;. published. It has. since been received from Gl in.
The flowers are cream-coloured, with. seven maroon- purple stripes on
ach | eta Sur de: at She. genios à densely farinaceous lip, n
37
130. Angrecum Smithii, Rolfe; aphyllüm, radicibus fasciculatis
gracilibus subteretibus subflexuosis osis pallide viridibus, caule brevissimo,
racemis gracilibus brevibus 8-12-floris, braeteis lanéeolato-oblongis
rvis, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis acutis suberectis,
labello liueari-lanceolato acuto suberecto, calcare recurvo-patenti conico,
columna brevissima, pollinarii stipite simplice.
Has.—Mt. Kilimanjaro.
Radices 4-6 lin. longe. Racemi 1 poll. longi. BibHob 1 lin. longer.
Pedicelli } lin. longi. Sepala et grito llin.longa. Labellum | Hn.
longum ; calear vix 1 lin. lo ongum
A minute leafless species sent to Kew by Consul C. S. Smith, of the
Kilimanjaro UL Commission. It flowered early in 1894, bum
again during the present year. It was found te on the
branch with Minim bilobum, var. !Kirkit: It is like a vitatis
edition of .4. guyonianum, Rchb., £, but differs in Miti roots only
half as thick, racemes several times shorter, and distinctly smaller flowers.
As the latter species has recently been referred to Mystacidium it
seems advisable to point out that, like the present one, it has only a single
stipes tothe Wer wi certainly does not belong tothat genus, It
has also been transferr E which, however, has only the
leafless habit to 255 dieit, and even that is mE for leaves
re sometimes developed, though they ES away early. It has seven
published synonyms Sage iie globulosum and M. Smee
and unz, are not only synonymous but originally b
on hh same number), and as at least half of them have arisen rod
pure misconception jt seems desirable to append these remarks, otherwise
the present species might also be transferred to Mystacidium.
CCCCXLIII.—IBOGA ROOT.
(Tabernanthe Iboga, Baill.)
With plate.
The san FA a plant known as Iboga in the Gaboon and Bocca on
ue Congo, s tonic properties, and in large doses are said to stimu-
te the ere re Up to quite recently the only inf 0
ontained in the Catalogu ip Produits des Colonies
aris Exhibition, 1867, p. 108. Specimens were
exhibited ith the Towing note by M. Griffon du Bellay : “ Gabon,
Tabernemontana (Sp. ?). Iboga des gabonnais. Les E
toniques, à haute dose, sont un excitant du systéme nerveu A
note based a this is also to be found in Moloney’s Forestry of West
Africa, p. 3
M some specimens of the roots and twigs were communicated to
ew by Dr. Hugo Müller, F.R.S. who stated “the roots called Bocca
are used and much valued on the lower Congo as a e"
The plant according to Baillon, who first identified it, is known at
a z as Iboga, but it has other uu names. It is the Aboua
of the penne and Obouété of the Gabo
Recently a figure and description were rgüblished 4 in Zooker's Icones
Pantari [4th Series], tab. 2337. It belongs to the natural order
u 85826. B
38
[6n ac Tabernanthe Iboga, Baill. ian Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris,
782); was collected by Mann in the Gaboon (No. 943), and by
Welwitsch i in Angola (No. 5950). - Professor Oliver who drew up the
deseription in the Zcones adds “ first discriminated by Dr. Baillon; but
its position left doubtful though oi points of contact with
montana and other groups of Apocynacee, were vee indicated by
him. Were it not for the i consolidation of the carpels.
would hardly hesitate to merge it in Tabernemontana pe du.
It is described as having a large bitter root, eaten by the Gaboon people.
‘Ts la diseni enivrante, aphrodisiaque, et avec elle ils prétendent qu'on
n'éprove aueun besoin de sommeil! Dr. Baillon in his Hist. de Plantes,
X. 170, says the Voie of the Gaboon is a * plante médicamenteuse
des plus remarquab
"This is uie all that is known of the plant at present.
Further material is kindly being sought for by Dr. Hugo Müller.
When this arrives it may be possible to investigate the medicinal
properties of the plant more fully.
iia REFERENCE TO Prate.
cine: ‘Tabernanthe Iboga, Ball |.
mera "Bud. g DE Coane mid open: "4. An-
her. 5. Pistil. -6. Trai -7. Same near
A enlarged.
CCCCXLIV.--SIAM PLANTS.
Mr. F. H. Smiles a gentleman attached to the Royal Survey
Department of Siam, has presented a small collection of dried plants
made by himself in the mountains of th the interior of the northern
part of that country. The specimens are not all that could be desired,
this being Mr. Smiles's first essay in collecting and drying plants,
undertaken without any previous instruction ; but they inelude several
interesting novelties MÀ represented for description. mark-
oe ate other things is a new genus of Scitaminee of quite an
T
( Ribiaceat “differing from those previously known in its small dimen-
sions, exceeding slenderness, and one- flowered stems. Mr. Smiles left
England agai iam i
if circumstances permit of making further botanical collection
Judging from what is known a the countries to the north, there mist bé
a very rich flora in Upper Si
The new genus of epost which is now deseribed is remarkable
in several particulars, but more especially in having unisexual flowers,
and in the absence of a labellum and of staminodia of any kind what-
soever, e specimens consist of two slender stems, six to nine inches
— naked below, as if pulled away from a tuberous aie and
Foo mc e ' in its axil. There are. about or
ees soos globular spikelets about half-an-inch in diameter in each
Wyman & Sons, Ù", Lith, 6653.11.94.
Tabernanthe lboga, Baill
39
inflorescence, borne on slender stalks, springing from the axils of rela-
ees large bracis. From the note accompanyin i! T
would appear that the bracts and bracteoles are of à dark purple red,
the very small flowers yellow ; but- Mr. Paien not —
Achilus, Hemsl. Lili cán a edil genus novum].—
Flores n minuti, in axillis bracteolarum solitarii, unisexuales, ut videtur,
vere monoici. Flores d$ : Calyx cylindrico-tubulosus, obseure triloba-
tus. Corolla calycem dimidio superans, alte trilobata, ae dcr
oblongis obtusis. Brae eal nulla, amen
producto ptores Flores 9 : Calyx tubulosus, cylindricus,
brevissime 3-lobatus. orolla cylindrica, calycem paullo superans,
eti am. obscure trilobata. Staminodia nulla. St lodia 2, filiformia.
filiformis. Frutos ignotus. erba nana, annua, gracilis, iets
simplicibus. Folia graminoidea. nflorescentia terminalis, nutans, e
spicis paucis densis distantibus graciliter pedunculatis sistens et bracteis
amplis coloratis ornata. Flores bracteolis distichis arcte complicatis
etiam coloratis fere occulti, inferiores 9? , supremus vel superiores 4 .
Achilus siamensis, Hems/.; puberula caulibus. 2-3 foliatis, foliis
distiehis longe vaginantibus, vaginis Son, Meis Aie transversim
breviter ligulatis, lamina lineari-lanceolat. tissima atque vagina
multinervia, supra vix hispidula, bracteis aie, enn ovali-oblongis
longitudinaliter venosis, venis prope marginem. connexis, is,
rotundat q m longis, [ luneuli p l li , floribus portis,
ovario diri
Habitat.—Siam : open T on Mount Putsum, near Nam Kawng,
at about 2,000 feet, F. H. Smiles
Caules 6-9 ye ue vete absque vagina 11—2 poll. longa. Znflo-
rescentia, 11-2 actee, 6-9 lin longe. “Brac teo
exteriores obit pti vineites 3 lin. diametro. Flores, 3-4 lin. longi.
CCCOXLV.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
News has been received of the death, on January 11th, of Mr. Jor
GRAY, Cátator of the cip Station at Castries, St. Tidi: i Mr. Gray
was about 60 years of aze
wide experience in Engli ish patted g. Heco
swamp at Castries into a beautiful garden, and started the cultivation of
numerous plants in the island. Latterly his health had suffered fi
recurring attacks of fever. The following note is taken from the Voice
of St. Lucia for Tate 17th, 1895 :—
“It is our painful duty to report the death of Mr. S Gray,
Curator of the Botanical Station at Castries. Mr. G e to St.
Lucia in 1886, on the d of Mt. Morris, ^ ui: Rieibtant
Director of Kew Gardens, who has always taken a very kéen interest in
this, and, indeed, in all West Indian colonies. Mr. Gray had been for
40
many years head gardener to Earl Brownlow. He went thence, at the
instance of Colonel Talbot, to his estate, Worthy Park, Jamaica, to con-
duct some ne cultivation which he was anxious to promote.
There Mr. ra — ed good experience in the cultivation of tropical
industrial p will be — remembered in connexion with
the exhibit of. r mei extracted by him from West Indian flowers—
a marked feature of the Jamaica Court p = Col.-Ind. Exhibition,
1886. Mr. Gray did good work in planning, layin à
“fully planting what was a half-filled swamp Pid it first came into his
but which in three bong time he transformed into a beautiful
garden, which, though small, is an ornament to the town, and a much
appreciated resort and bre ati E ca for the townspeople. He intro-
duced many varieties of plants and flowers, and the collection of roses at
the station was at one time perhaps the finest in the West Indies. Inthe
matter of economie plants he raised and distributed thousands of cacao,
coffee, n nutmegs, a few cola and sisal. n the whole, from one cause or
other, the economie section of the station was not so apparent a success
‘latterly as the purely horticultural.”
number were drawn rae E flowered a gsoni,
one of the handsomest magnoliaceous nun from dio Himalayan region,
owered in the temperate house after twent vation. Aci
anthera eguinoctialis is an — plant inhabiting the Sugarloaf
Mountain, Sierra Leone, corms of which were sent to Kew by Captain
Donovan in 1893. Lonicera ‘Alberts is a pretty eae of the
Aylosteum section discovered in M ars Turkestan by Albert von
egel. Acacia spadicigera is one of the few species of the genus
having very large horn-like spines, which are mens: inhabited by ants.
It is a native of Central America. yrtopodium virescens is
"T T E of the tribe Vandee, TNA Me.s by Messrs. Sander of
St. À
Hand- om of Trees and Shrubs grown in Arboretum. rt I—
Polypetal The purpose and scope of this publication is explained in
the following extract from the Preface :—
The present is the first of a series of Hand-lists of the collections of
living plants UN in the Royal Gardens which it is intended to
issue from time to t
It is hoped that dier will be found useful in indicating to visitors
interested in A Erape of plants, the species which Kew already
possesses. In the ds of correspondents they will serve to show in
what directions the pom ey be added to. Jt is further hoped
that they may be found of some value in establishing an approximate
standard of nomenclature, which i is often much confused in gardens and
too frequently erroneous.
his is ic the case with woody plants (shrubs and trees)
ee in the open air. The preparation of the present list has
-acco Nia been taken in hand; it represents the m A many years,
. and has only been accomplished with considerable labo
A rough census of the species and distinct varieties of "- eultivated
at Kew Sabe the total number as, approximately, 20,000. Of these
3,000 : are har dy shrubs or trees.
^41 :
The st catalogue of the plants cultivated at Kew was that of Sir
p uu published in ae ae eee 1769). This was entitled
us Kewensis, and was an octavo volume of 458 pages. It has been
marake to contain 3,389 BA of pase 488 were hardy trees and
shru
-In 1789 the elder Aiton ses a more critical Hortus Kewensis,
in aem a 535 species are en
he
81
volumes, P and in 181 catalogue or epitome, as it is called
the species contained in the five volumes, for the use of practical
gardeners; it contains . . 314 additional species, the total number
being me! 3
This is the latest comprehensive list of plants in cultivation at Kew
ubli
P
Occasionally lists of special collections have been issued since thes
date. Catalogues of the Ferns were issued in 1845, 1856, and 1868 ;
of the Hardy aiaa i plants in 1853; of Succulent plants i in 1856 ;
of Aroidee in 1878; of Bromeliacee in 1879 ; of Aloinee, Yuecoide«,
and Agaves in 1880; of Economie plants in 1881 ; of Palms in 1882;
of Primulas in 1886 ; and of Orchids flowered at Kew in 1891. Since
1885 lists of seeds available for distribution with other botanical
establishments have been issued annually.
An Arboretum has been for more than a century a feature of the
Kew establishment. Perhaps it dates its formal commencement from
1762, when **all the Duke of Argyll's trees and shrubs were removed
to the Princess of. Wales's ganien at Kew, which now excels all others,
under the direction of Lord
The old Arboretum in 2 so exists near the main gate on Kew
Many trees have perished and have been removed from a
bre those that remain include some of the finest specimens of rare trois
e Gardens.” (Some further particulars are given in the Kew
Bulletin for 1891, page 316.)
The Botanical Garden, which was opened to the public in e vj
Sir William Hooker as Director, comprised only about 11 acres ;
included however, the old Arboretum. | In 1844, by see e of ie
was d near the smoke of suburban London, and it has lost its distinctive
charac But many of the trees planted at this time are now of
"asi pis magnitude.
The * Pleasure Grounds and Gardens at Kew” Atti in the oceupation _
of the King of Hanover for sporting purposes a the time the Botanic
en iven to the nation. The Modi Y were filled with rough -
scrub for cover. In 1845 they were placed in the charge of Sir W.
sotker; with the “ intention that they should be formed into a national
arboretum.” A plan for the purpose was prepared in 1846 by
. A. Nes i
the general principle has been worked upon ever since.
nursery was formed. In 1870 the new Pinetum was commenced. — .
The late Director, Sir Joseph Hooker (1865-1885), spared no pains
to amass the most complete collection which could be formed of hardy
woody plants. These were obtained from public and private corres-
pondants and establishments at home and abroad, partly by purchase,
partly by gift and exchange. They had necessarily for the most part to
be planted under the names with which they were received, and these,
from confusion or accident, were often erroneous.
42
A great MÀ n arose in rectifying this, from the fact that woody
plants ean rarely be identi with any accuracy till they flower oi
fruit. The process of accurate (— in an extensive arboretum
is necessarily, therefore, a very slow
A further difficulty arises in a pëe arboretum from the fact that,
though the specimens were all carefully labelled with their history and
specimen was preserved of every species or variety planted
out, with the name under which, and the source from which it was
received. By reference to this Herbarium it was possible ina large
number of cases to correct the nomenclatu
By this means it has also been ponite: n draw up the list of which
x Ha nen is a first instalment. It must still be regarded as in some
—M— and — to correction. But it has m — to
uce an immense ni r of “trade” and “ garden’ , and to
bring the ems rr to vows nj like a standard.
It is only necessary to add that in the present Hand- List 994 —
with 640 varieties, have been enumerated and their names as f
possible verified. ‘The number of synonyms given is 2,127.
Flora of Mount Kinibalu—In the Kew Bulletin for October, 1892,
p. 249, it was announced that Drs. H. A. and G. D. Hav iland had
presented Kew with a valuable collection of dried plants, a ste by
themselves on Mount Kinibalu, North Borneo. s a ma of fact,
ee E should be explained, that although the two cousins b rsellod
toget was Dr. G. D. Haviland alone who a the botanizin
This fine Stadt has been worked out by Dr. O. Stapf, Assistant for
India at the Herbarium, together with all prévibusly collected plants
from the same region, published and unpublished, notably those collected
seco:
(Second Series, Botany) of iem raserer: of the Linnean Societ
This is on of the m st important yar interesting contributions . to
re endemic. The rela-
tionship with the Australasian flora are especially interesting.
Renewal of Heating Apparatus in Palm House——The Kew Report
for 1877 yos an account of the remodelled apparatus for heating
the Palm House which was put in during that year. Up till the winter
of 1893—4 this worked in a completely satisfactory way. The temperature
at that period was often severe, and the heating had to be pressed.
this cause, as well as to a probable deterioration in the large iron
the serious ** bursts" which took place o on two several occasions o a very
critical time. By the skill and. unremitting energy of the West
staff of the Royal Gardens, the fractured mains were patched up,
the collection suffered no appreciable damage from cold.
43
It had, however, become evident that the heating Voir had
reached a state which was extremely pr recarious. Her Majesty's Office
of Works therefore included, in the estimates for 1894-5, a sum of
1,0004. for its partial renewal. . During the summer of that year this was
vitat iotory accomplished for the north wing. The. ceiling of the
furnace room was raised 21 ft., and E the pipes which had hitherto
either been buried in brickwork or carried under the beds, were
renewed and re-arranged so as to be immediately accessible.
These operations involved clearing a large portion of the north wing.
The opportunity was therefore taken to execute other necessary repairs,
and to repaint the whole of the interior
Th ength of Mwst pipes in the Palm House has been
r about miles. Notwithstanding, it has
«Nye t den difficult to "iétitufn a vibe temperature in the north
wing during winter. This was espec ially the case during wind, the
cold air forcing its way through the * laps" of the glass, which necessarily
fit imperfectly, owing to the curved surface of the house. To counteract
this, and avoid the necessity of a the boilers in severe weather,
an additional 4 in. pipe was earried r Aa entire north balf of the
house and attached to a new auiem ue
In 1877 a hot-water pipe was carried round the gallery, * the heat
checks the drip and downward draughts, which had long proved so
injurious to the plants." This had proved so satisfactory in working
that it was determined last year to extend the principle, and a 2} in.
pipe was, in addition to. the lower auxiliary pipe, carried round the
inside of the lantern of the north end.
he general result of these iraprovements has been to render it
possible to attain, during the E yrs a OA and sufficient
tem ee end in : du^ impra ^b .- The hole of the works
XY. Pitinienddus of the resident
itani CAE of po Mas Mr. J. "lén
Green-glass in Plant-houses. —It is well known that the use of glass
of a green tint has for half a century been a characteristic peculiari rity
of the plant-houses at Kew
It was adopted as the result of re reports rts made to the Office of Woods
in 1845-6 by the late apaes Robert Hunt, F.R.S. These reports are to
bè found i in the appendix to his “ Researches on A ác: el ed. “re ee
“states (p. tie —* [t is required, aecordin
letter of the 23rd of November, that a maree raa rapa fot the
pone À— Kew, *so much stained as will died the — of its
and not affect the vegetation.” Green
green, ipe but will obstruct the passage of those rays which i. m
the ‘scorching’ desired to be avoided." He further adds 81):
*1 have et ai a glass which is so slightly tinted as to
present no appearance, by either reflected or transmitted light, mate-
rially different from the white sheet glass eds employed for glazing
ew. . . . This glass admits most freely the permeation of all
which at any rate of late years has been used at Kew is certainly ofa
much darker tint than that prescribed by Mr. Robert Hunt, and is
44
probably coloured with iron and not with copper. Prof. Norman
Lockyer, C.B., F.R.S., —— e so good as to examine the light
transmitted by ‘it. He reports :—
* Cuts off red and blue onde of spectrum — ma
“ Red-yellow reduced quite nine-tenths in inte
* Blue reduced quite nine-tenths in intensity.
* 'Tra vesci a fair proportion of orange, but most of light transmitted
is yellow gree
It “is pied that this is more severe than anything that was
intended originally. But it is difficult, over a long period, without
special precautions, to adhere to à standa rd. Mr. Robert Hunt (p. 383)
stated that * the on iy abri sd which” his selected glass “ produces
upon the rays of light is that it cuts off a smaller portion of the lowest
red ray, and slightly diminishes the length of the yellow ray by increasing
the green
]t is va known that the effect of light of different degrees of
refrangibility upon vegetation is by no means uniform, but has important
peeuliarities characteristic of particular parts of the spectrum. This
is too technical a od to enter upon here. But it is sufficient to say
that the green glass in recent use at Kew, according to the modern
data of Wageiaule physiology, gta about half the
effective influence of ordinary sunlight on the processes of plant life.
~ The general effect upon en as a —- is elearly exemplified
by the recent experience of Zacharewiez (Annales A
Dee. 25, 1894, pp. 589). He cultivated — under glass
of different colours with the cem. ven results (p. 58
Orange gave the maximum of veg E but at the e expense of the
quality, : size, and earliness of the
rdinary glass gave the finest add érlient fruits
Violet gave the maximum production of fruit. but at the ‘expense of
size, quality, and earliness
Red, blue, and green were all injurious to the vegetative development of
the plants, which became etiolat
These results are, on the whole, in accordance with nA it is
not, however, obvious why violet should be less injurious than gree
Of late years at Kew the object aimed at in the use of green gia: shi
been attained in great measure by the increasing haziness of Mis sky,
due to the sinoke produced by the rapid extension of London to the
south-west. Theextreme obseurity of the winter of 1883-6 showed that
no available sunlight could possibly be spared. It became obvious that
for the future the plant-houses must be so constructed as to exclude as
little of the available sunlight as possible. The use of green glass was
therefore abandoned in 1886 in all the houses except the fern-houses
and the Palm-house.
In 1889 the experiment was made of substituting white glass for
n in the east wing of No. UL. (tropical fern-house). This was the
result of the observation of the successful cultivation by Sir Trevor
Lawrence, Bart., P.R.H.S., of ferns with full exposure to the light at
Burford, near Dorking. The gr sn eas in the growth of the plants
he mem soe 1892 a portion of the west wing was also reglazed
n the same and the new + tenipeends fern-house (No. IIT.) was
iro eme Sidi: white glass. The resuli with the Gleichenias and
other half-hardy ferns was everything that could be desired. As the
result of these these progressi ive experiments, it has now been determined to
See eerie M reinigitioneitupat: ax Kew.
45
direct exposure to the sun.
vated with the aid of some shade tree. Filmy ferns at Kew are at
once killed by direct sunlight. But shading and altering the composi-
tion of the light are by no means the same thing.
The use of green glass at Kew involved a curious practical difficulty.
It is almost impossible to obtain glass which is absolutely free from
manganese. But the green glass which of late years at any rate has been
employed at Kew, is almost certainly coloured with iron protoxide.
Manganese is used in the manufacture, in the form of manganese dioxide.
There are no doubt plants which require shade and will not tolerate
n the tropies > culti
finds that a specimen examined by him “cuts off, very slightly, at red
end, and generally throughout the spectrum.” Ina specimen in which the
decolourisation had been completely effected, he found “ no appreciable
effect on any portion of spectrum to. the eye.” It had, in fact, become
practically identical with ordinary white glass.
Yunnan Plants.—An old Chinese correspondent of Kew, Mr. W. Han-
cock, F.L.S , to whom it is indebted fer several small collections of dried
Chinese plants, has sent a further collection, comprising about 150
species of flowering plants and 120 ferns. The specimens are admirable,
and often copious. ‘These plants were collected in the neighbourhood of
Mongtze, or * Mengtsz," as Mr. Hancock writes it. "This place is
m @ cursor
the collection that it contains a considerable sprinkling of undescribed
ones. There are probably at least 10 new terns, a large number con-
_ sidering the wide range of ferns generally. Among flowering plants a
spicuous. It has primrose-yellow flowers with broad overlapping petals
of great substance, and they are from " inch to 12 inch in diameter
o
racemes of “rich red” flowers. A Rhododendron having very
The very large and distinct Rosa gigantea, Collett, is also
pos ,
among the plants collected. Some ot t
be Mid in an early part of Hooker's Icones Plantarum.
Perim Plants—Mr. J. B. Farmer, F.L.S., Assistant Professor of
Botany, Royal College of Science, South Kensington, had an opportunity
of landing on this island on his return from Ceylon a few years ago, and
u 85826. c
46
quantity was Cleome brachycarpa. ether only eleven species of
flowering plants were collated. E of ined Erin from the neighbouring
mainland on one or both coast
Plants from Lake Tanganyika.—Mr. Alexander Carson has presented
a mig collection of about 100 species of plants from this interesting
ntry. It is estimated that 30 of the species are new to science, and
descriptions of them will appear in an early number of the Kew Bulletin.
ovelties belong chiefly to the orders Leguminose and Composite,
but des are several other more remarkable plants ee kem —
a grass (Tristachya) with a singularly bearded inflor ,8
species of Gloriosa, several Asclepiads, and a fine gere es ef Tachia-
denus, a genus of the Gentianee, previously only known to inhabit
agascar.
recently presented to Li ;— Professor C: S. Png
resented a copy of his Forest Fone of Japan; Mrs.
prese sented the Letters of Asa Gray; Mr. artin Conway, Dm ga
by Lawes and Gilbert; from the Trustees of the British Museum a copy
of Lister's Monograph of the M ycetozoa has been received; Dr. Gregorio
Chil has presented De Viera's Diccionario de Historia Natural de las
Islas Canarias ; from the aiithor E. Raoul -— two copies of Culture
du Caféier ; from the authors, E. L. Rand and J. H. Redfield, the Flora
of Mount Desert Island, Maine; from the author, T. R. Sim; Sketch
and Check-list of the Flora of Kaffraria ; and from Professor J. W. H.
Trail a copy of The Little English Flora has been received.
Through the Bentham Trustees Kew has also been able to complete
the sets of es publications of various foreign botanical societies. Amon
the more in portant are the Verhandlungen der K. dre
paa dara aaa Gesellschaft in Wien from 1871 to 1894 ; the Actes de la
Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, from 1873 onward ; the Abhandlungen
naturwissenschafilichen. Vereines zu Bren complete from us
beginning; the Arbeiten des Botanischen Museums zu Hamburg,
commencement; and the pr bications of the principal societies of
Australia and New Zealand.
Typhoon in Hong Kong.— Extract from letter from Blperitderdéit,
Botanical Department, Eu. Kong, to Royal Gardens, Kew, dated
Hong Kong, E. 16, 1
* On the 6th of this month Hong — 3 was visited by a typhoon
which was the ‘worst experieneed for exactly 20 years. Our
1 were terri lin 1874, and now thev are again
d to a sce our /arge trees have been either
Ul dope o iud à Djs aise es UDE. ór VES MES
47
tside ta Gardens the irena on the hills have come: thro
E ecd e streets and roads have beet i
hoe "Most a tie the roads Ee streets were Mocked w via allen
trees &nd broken limbs."
* Between September lOth. rg ndm 6th. we: seg to prepare for
five typhoons which approached the Colony, but as the centres passed.:
some distance south we had only strong eee” for four of them."
Meadow Pinme: Thistle (C nicus - pratensis, Willd) — The plant
known as the M eadow Plume-Thistle, Cnicus pratensis, Wie
arduus sis, Huds.) is a perennial, mi ma local in ch er,
found ra my cm omm in the southern counties of England. En is
widely ved on the continent. The stems are downy and mostly
single-flowered. The leaves are green above, cottony beneath, but
not ae din The flowers are dark purple with the pappus dirty
certain part r go
pastures almost worthless. There is no use to which the plant could
be applied, and it is evident that nothing can be done except to get rid
of it by persistent weeding before the plants flower each year.
Mr. W. Lane to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
Curry Rivel, voeem gat
Jul 5 1894.
t this post I send ài a plant
glad to know. Within the ar w years it fas — and overrun
a large tract of land in West Sedgmoor which formerly produced
good pasture, but which is now in consequence worthless or nearly so
orgrass-growing purposes. There is, I suppose 7 no COEM e
in the plant or any extract. which " t be
is pronounced something; like * Tibi love" but although 1 I
am u
:
nam
have — to get at tho e origin d
m, m, &e.
The Directo (Signed) W. Lana.
Royal urinis; Kew. :
am Beans.—Information respecting the Yam bean (Pachyrhizus
vec Apis Spreng.) was given in the Kew Bulletin, 1889, pp. 17 and 62
(with plate). An account of the Parii aoe short-podded Yam bean
(Pachy itn angulatus, Rich.) w n in the Kew Bulletin, 1889,
p. 121 (with plate). Both these yiii s are of interest. The roots of
the former “ afford a plentiful supply of very wholesome food" ; while,
according to Dr. Denn * the pods are a very useful vegetable." Of
the short-podded Yam bean a starch is made from the tubers, or they
are eaten when young = in the case of P. tuberosus. The young pods,
however, cannot be used as a vegetable, as they are -€ and cause
irritation. The following analysis of tubers and seed o ats rni
has recently been published in the Report of arie icultural Work a
48.
British Guiana, by Messrs. Harrison and Jenman, for the years
1891-92, p. 70 :—
"e tuberosus and P. a ngulatus. —“ Yam beans." These
beans, when stare re being, in re poisonous. They have been
used, r m very young, pese ve e ed as French beans
The
—— Tubers. Seed.
Water se 5 Je = - 82:25 13°50
Fats - xs H - - "50 25°04
esin o+- - - - *13 2-14
* Albuminoids - - - E 1:05 20:94
os - z s 29 6*95
Glue z s - 26 -31
Pectose gums, &e. - - - 1°62 1°58
- - - 8*46 a
Digest fibre an we Tre > 2°14 12:20
- - *66 4
A Conf anes = - - - - 1:84 3°91
100°00 100*00
Prep os rappin - - - : *166 3°35
* Both the tubers and beans contain a poisonous resin, the latter yielding ov over
two per cent. of it. This resin was found to be a very active fish poison. Apart
from the presence of this substance, the beans exhibit a very high value as food.
stuffs, much resembling in composition the celebrated Soy-bean (Glycine Soja).
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN "Us
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
No. 99.] MARCH. [ióos.
CCCCXLVI.—BOTANICAL GARDENS IN SOUTH
AFRICA
In the Kew Bulletin for January 1892, pp. 10-14, the change made
in the character and function of the Botanic Garden at Ca ape Town was
noticed. ‘This institution was ed onger x ea tamið Garden, but
at Kew. p Dorin ng his residence in South Africa Mr. Si published :
work on “ The of South Africa, co: si
edd: (159). fee — the ferns and Ba nde with localities and tend
notes," Wesley & Son 92.] More recently he has
printed a “ Check list of the digened irek of Kaffraria.’
Consequent upon the Eds in the control of tbe garden at King
William’s ‘Town, Mr. Sim has now left it, and accepted an appointment
under the Forest Department
The history of the Botanie Gardens in South Kine shows that they
differed in many ways from such institutions as they exist in other
countries. The ind gardens were only partially supported by Govern-
ment, and they had to look to receipts from the sale of seeds and plants
to meet their current expenditure. e posit ion is described in the
Annual Report of the Cape Town Botanic Garden for 1883, p. 1 :—
^ The garden is kept going mainly by the mercantile profits of the seed
store. Its income, and consequent power to repair, rebuild, and
Conducted on these lines iu was. Hp that the gardens
racter w.
equipped Botanic Garden, devoted to scientific work and carrying on
agama cultivation, appears never to have existed in Cape
Colo
U 86021. 1375.—3/95. Wt. 45. A
us... Tå FREI INEN
50.
Mr. John Horne, F.L.S., when Director of the Forests and Botanic
Gardens of Mauritius, einitod the aint in 1883. His impressions of
the Botanic Gardens were as follow
“ When in Africa I travelled from Algoa Bay overland to Cape Town
by post cart and train. I visited all the Botanic Gardens at the Cape,
namely, Port Elizabeth, Graham’s Town, and Cape Town. They, in
many respects, are most ditsppointngs being Botanie Gardens merely in
name. The directors and curators are not to blame for this, but e
gardens have to justify their ppr and support themselves by t
ts. They are simply nursery establishments, and the sock
on hand generally speaking is such as one finds i m - nurseries at home,
stove or tropical plants excepted. They seem supply a want, the
Graham's Town one especially, in supplying the saline with flowers,
shrubs, and useful fruiting and flowering trees. Should, however, a
stranger like myself, wish to see African plants he need not look in
these gardens for them. There ar pas not many of them in any of these
an V find them.
introduced, grown and propagated with so much pains and trouble. And
many of them are far more interesting from their dois d m aee
and as botanical curiosities (if ae may use the expression) th o be
found in any other country, the Cacti of Mexico perhaps Misit. 4
The Cape Gardens — hither had little to do with the pecori
and distribution of eco c plants or the dissemina ation. of informa
acapetting such subjects “for the use of the general community.
What has been attempted in this direction was owing entirely to the
personal efi of- the curators. The following extract from Professor
MacOwan’s. Report for 1883, pp. 3-4, shows how much more might have
been sccaipliched if the funds at his command had allowed :—
* The garden has been able to supply many demands made upon it by
similar institutions at home and abroad and numerous private collectors,
for things scarcely in the usual run of trade supply, partly gratis and
partly by sale. ‘Thus duplicate palms and other fine conservatory plants
have been furnished to the Port Elizabeth Park Committee, vine-cuttings
on a large scale for experimental viticulture in the Transkei, seeds of
Cinchona, ledgeriana to most of the Cape Botanic Gardens, Olives,
Reana, and Sor NM m E private planters, Several enterprising
cultivators are now, at our suggestion, trying to a Den the thornless
Opuntia and the d iie in Namaqualand, Angra Pequena, and else
where. I think these excellent food plants have fot received the
attention they deserve. Of course they are special food eet suited
to special localities, and do not come into competition with the ordinary
veldt-bosjes and grass wherever the climatic conditions permit the usual
pasturage, But I am sure that should the spek-boom be incapable of
aeclimatisation on the sun-smitten randts of teeta ondasit the Opuntia
be grown in vast thickets at the junction of rock and sand veldt,
compressed hay for trek-cattle. Such culture throughout all karroid
districts of the Colony subject to frequent failure of seasonable rains is
far more important than the introduction of any more of the fancy
staples which are from time to time proposed, praised,and forgotten, : d
which have given point to the proverbial sneer that “the Cape i
country of samples.” I wish it could be added that these supplies p
Others to to the Government Forest Department were all made gratis.
51
MIU AK x garden has £o sell in order to live, We have therefore
to demand money for exaetly those things which are raised for
ance, and know nothing of the perpetual fight against insolvency which
we share with the small shop-keeper.
“ The demand for information on points of culture and introduction of
new experimental plants is incessant. A few of these inquiries have
reached us through the Government, and have been dealt with in quasi-
official reports, but the mass of them come in the ordinary correspondence
of the garden, and absorb a great amount of time without any return.
Inquirers are often inconsiderate. Sometimes several letters involving
research are required, our advice is taken, and is carried out at a rival
seed store. We have not the right of franking such correspondence,
and almost invariably have to pay the postage for our pains. It is a
pity that the bulk of the inquiries shows a tendency to try tropical d
sub-tropical cultures for which the climatic conditions of the Ca:
prohibitive, and the available labour too high priced. Cacao, MUR TODE,
ginger , opium, , tea, Furcrea fibre, Phormium and rice ; upon
e like speculation has been rife. I wish there were the
same curiosity about ascertaining the special fitness of this or that
variety of wheat, barley, or mai " for this or that soil, or about
originating improved strains of potato from cn meas Nae in
fact, which will result in produce — than in samples. Occasionally
important matters have turned up in course of corre endisse. or
example, the occurrence of the destructive Cuscuta T'rifolii, Bab., or
* Dodder,’ among colonial crops of Lucerne has been sign This
mischief is, no doubt, a result of the importation of cheap "tinsifted seed,
Whether the measures earnestly pressed upon the cultivators will be
ied as to the extirpation of the pest remains to seen. In view
of the value of Lucerne to the ostrieh-farming industry, and the
swift a i of the crop by the parasite, should it become Mata,
I am of opinion that a stringent Act for the extirpation of amie is
more needed than that against the Xanthium spinosum. In case of the
latter, legislation perhaps sharing the gd blindness of Quse,
i i iled to
denounce the smaller yet more mischievous Echinospermum, or * earrot
seed ’ of the farmers, the sronimehan apk of Page borne b
for its appearance. Being poe from Europe i in ER seed, it
may appear sporadically in any part of the Colony."
At the present Opes Cape Colony is the only important British
ion which does not possess a fully equipped Botanical Institution.
It is true it SS Fi fine colonial herbarium under the compétent
charge of Professor MacOwan and an agricultural department which he
efficiently advises on botanical subjects. But beyond this it has no
central authority dealing with the practical aspects of the science of
botany, and no gardens under technical control where careful experi-
A 2
52
mental cultivation could be carried on or where special seeds and plants
could be obtained for starting new industries, This condition of affairs
is scarcely demde to a large and wealthy community like that at the
Cape. The n gardens now established in the more important
centres of bajulatida i in Cape Colony are likely to be useful as breathing
spaces, and as emen adjunets to publie buildings. As pur urely
call them Botanic gardens, and it is as well that the name was changed
and their proper character officially recognis
mething, however; more than an “ornamental garden, dotted here
and there, is ; required i in South Africa, = central establishment in the
A nahan of Cape Town doro ed the scientific study and
experimental eultivation of plants, fully i anbed to discharge its studies
asa national re on the lines of Kew, would alone be worthy of
the cin ES South Africa.
of E. of the world is one of extreme interest. It
Loans to D carefully and exhaustively studied, and numerous plants,
now in danger of becoming extinct, should be preserved in some central
spot for the observation mee tudents. Of the economie influences of
such a central institution it idm to enlarge. There are hundreds
of problems connected with the cultivation of industrial plants in South
Africa awaiting solution, and these could only be dealt with at an
institution s lly dev: oted. to. scientific research, where careful trials
could be conducted extending over many years. As affording the most
recent eee on the subject, the following letter received from
Mr. Thomas R. Sim, on resigning charge of the King William’s Town
Garden, is "eproduee ced :—
Curator, Botanic GARDEN, Kina Wirrraw's Town, to ROYAL
GARDENS, Kew.
Botanic Garden, King William's Town,
Dnsan Sim, une 30, 1894
I HAVE to thank you for seeds received some time ago, but since
I last wrote on Since then we have been cm but gradually pro-
gressing with the arrangements—of which I have spoken to you ever
Corporation, and now that early accomplished. The garden will
then become like those of Port. Elizabeth and Cape Town, a Howa garden
hat one more of the Botanic imo uch, passing
“a of Glenn, and taking the name and char "acm riria would have
better suited it for the greater part of its existence.
. Indeed, what we are in want of most is one really good botanical and
tal garden f for the Colony, equipped so that it shall not have
part of its
j ce, and then allow each town to
, public ei or whatever the local éireum-
58
any end
‘vours | rm fie me a um the experimental side of this etait
z ; ot iit
stultified by the care of a swimming bath, on which we have lost 9001.
dur uring the past nine years or so during tik! it has existed.
The transfer will be effected in about, two months time, and as T could
not see any prospect of the place being worth holding, or of its RAT
any opportunity for good work, I have accepted an- ap intment in the
Forest Department, in charge of the nurseries and plantations it "Pott
Cunynghame, by Do hne, which will be my address after September 1.
The plantation is the most. extensive Fd in the Colony, extending at
present to about 1000 acres, and it is proposed to extend this to two or
h
encouragement of tree planting, "ith young trees in large quantity.
Also here are grown the vines 3mported by Government as Phylloxera
proof or as stocks, and in various other ways the establishment is being
made one of much public utility. The plantation is situated about 40
miles from was further mland, and at an altitude of 2000 to 4000 feet,
so I expect it ^ Poo verom more healthy for my family than King
William' Town
I enclose a ee of Microstephium, a white-leaved pant whieh
may be of use along the south coast of England in bedding wo
(Signed) Tos. RK. Sut.
- CCOCXLVIL. — DECADES KEW ENSES.
p rE a Novancit IN HERBARIO Hort: REon CONSERVATARUM.
DECAS XIV.
The following Decade is devoted E new species of ferns ees in
the interesting collection made in Yunnan, Western China, by
Hancock, F. i S., already referred to in the Kew. Bulletin (1895,
page 45).
ES Dawellis c t lcl Baker | Filices | : rhizomate
viter repenti, paleis. basalibus lineari-subulatis sordide brunneis,
siiis contiguis elongatis deri nudis castaneis, frondibus
oblon toideis parvis decompos Bios viridibus modice firmis,
meee lanceolatis ‘bail inferiori e neato-truncatis inferioribus haud
eti tis ultimis linearibus uninerviis dissitis ereoto-Détefi,
soris oblongis ad vel infra apicem segmentorum ultimorum costalibus,
indusio transversaliter oblongo lato glabro membranaceo persistente.
PUT asc ei crevices of rocks near Mongtse, alt. 6000 feet,
each, 105
cues 1-4 poll. longi. eget 2-4 poll longa, deorsum 11-2
lata, Meses ultimis 1 lin
etty little species, with iid habit of a Darea, perit: allied
io Duvalle Clarka, Baker, which has also been found in Yunna
54
132. Cheilanthes CEucheilanthes) Rd ui d [Filices] ; paleis
basalibus tipitibus el fragilibus castaneis
supra basin nudis, frondibus deltoideis glabris mies feeb poeftis
DEUS viridibus, rachibus castaneis nudis, pinnis infimis reliquis multo
ajoribus dimidio inferiori valde producto, segmentis ultimis oblongis
obtusis erecto-patentibus, soris contiguis, indusio membranaceo glabro
biculari vel oblon iq:
Habitat.— Yunnan, in shady glens near Mongtse, Hancock, 63.
idi 4—10 poll. longi. Lamina 5-6 poll. longa et lata.
termediate between the common ‘Tropical mer C. tenuifolia,
Hen and the Japanese C. Brandtii, Franch. et Sava
33. Cheilanthes rum, i tud albofusca, Baker | Filices] ; paleis,
basalibus laneeolatis firmis eastaneis, stipitibus elongatis gracillimis nudis
eastaneis, frondibus fictis parvis deltoideis tripinnatifidis facie viridibus
albo-ceraceis, pinnis infimis reliquis multo majoribus dimidio
inferiori valde produetis, segmentis ultimis oblongis erecto- patentibus,
sori te eae ee indusio lato brunneo continuo glabro persis-
TA —Yunnan crevices of rocks near — alt. 5700 feet,
Hancock, 126.
Stipites 1-8 poll. long. inia 2-3 poll. Mg et lata, segmentis
ultimis 4—1 lin. latis.
A pretty little silver fern, intermediate between C. farinosa and
C. argentea. Wealso have specimens, collected in Yen by Delavay.
134. Polypodium (Phegopteris) dissitifolium, Baker [Filices] ;
Calsis basalibüs magnis lanceolatis membranaceis ferrugineis, stipitibus
nudis elongatis s stramineis, frondibus oblongo-lanceolatis bipinnatifidis
viridibus, pinnis lanceolatis caudatis
rofunde pinnatifidis inferioribus haud reductis brevissime petiolatis,
pinnulis oblongis dentatis, venis pinnatis yenulis jugis simplicibus
Srocto-patentibus, soris marginalibus confertis parvis globosis super-
ficialibus
Habitat.—Yunnan, in à deep ravine near Mongtse, Hancock, 45.
Stipites pedales et ultra. Lamina en eorsum 5-6 poll.
lata, pinnis inferioribus basi 4—5 lin. lat
Near the Tropical African P. ioi ac Desv.
185. Polypodium (Phegopteris) apicidens, Baker | Filices]; paleis basa-
libus 1 gir , Stipitibus elongatis gracillimis
£x <i. ee |
tiene ue viridibus glabris, pinnis €— caudatis profunde pinnati-
fidis inferioribus haud reductis brevissime petiolatis, venis pinnatis
venulis 6-8 jugis simplicibus, soris parvis globosis superficialbus intra-
marginalibus
`- Habitat.—Yuunan, in deep shady glens near Mongtse, Hancock, 87.
Stipites id CREE ans 8-12 poll. longa, 3—6 poll. mci pinnis
inferioribus 5-6
ae
$ GENE SEEKS.
bub ae at son
. 88
6. Polypodium (Phegopteris) ‘spheropteroides, iic s ;
stipitibus elongatis stramineis paleis deflexis ovatis brunn b
naceis vestitis, frondibus E deltoideis decompositis vir ridibus sab:
acy gp junioribus utrinque pubescentibus adultis calvatis,
b ramineis, pinnis pi ndnfisins oblongo- lanceolatis, segmentis
ultimis aae oblongis obtusis erecto- -patentibus, venis in segmentis
ultimis furcatis vel subpinnatis, soris a globosis superficialibus in
segmentis ultimis sepissime solitar
Habitat.—Yunnan; forests of -— Great Blaek Mountains, near
Mongtse, alt. 8500 feet, Hancock, 1
* Frondes 5-7 pedales." Pinne infimw 15-18 poll. Jonge, 5-6
poll. late, pinnis 15-18 lin. latis, segmentis ultimis } lin. latis
A large finely-cut plant, allied to P. ornatum, Wall.
137. Polypodium (Phymatodes) macrospherum, Baker [Filices] ;
rhizomate late repenti calvato, stipitibus brevibus nudis, frondibus
lanceolatis simplicibus subcoriaceis facie viridibus nudis regis demens
n rati
venis primariis gracilibus flexuosis intra marginem decidus, versis
intermediis copiose anastomosantibus, soris magnis <a marginalibus
SujéPüginlibus supra medium lamine presertim product
Habitat.—Y unnan, on limestone rocks, near Mongtse, alt. 6200 feet,
Hancock, 49.
Stipites 1-6 poll. longi. Lamina pedalis vel ben) GU medio
12-15 lin. lata
Near P. ongifolisi Mett. aud P. —
138. Polypodium (Phymatodes) subimme Baker ; [Filices] ;
rhizomate breviter repenti, d stibgsesttibus contiguis linearibus
integris glabris viridibus subcoriaceis e medio ad basin et apicem sensim
attenuatis, venulis i iugis occultis veg tibus, soris su ersis
oblongis vel globosis marginalibus vel leviter intermarginalibus remotis
inter costam et marginem uniseriatis.
Habitat.—Yunnan, on the Great Black Mountains, on trunks of trees,
alt. 9000 feet, Hancoek, 9
Lamina pedalis vel ca i medio 5-6 lin. lata.
Nearly allied to the Australian and Polynesian P. Zrownii, Wickst.
139. Polypodium (Phymatodes) griseo-nigrum, Baker ; ‘[Bilices}; ;
rhizomate repenti, paleis dense imbricatis lanceolatis firmulis sordide
brunneis, stipitibus c elongatis nudis eastaneis, frondibus coriaceis
glabris oblo ongis parvis simpliciter rachi castaneo ad basin
angustissime alato, pinnis lanceolatis subintegris basi dilatatis deeur-
rentibus fertilibus subobtusis sterilibus obtusis, M primariis nigris
E ant Md ogg parallelis ad marginem reetis perspicu venulis
ntibus, soris magnis globosis spe Hiicidlibus uniseriatis.
abii ARS, on grassy mountain slopes, alt. 6300 feet, Hancock,
6
56 *
Stipites 8-9 poll. longi, Lamina 4-6 poll. longa, 2-3 poll. lata,
pinnis basi 4-5 lin. lati : ;
Near P. ebenipes, fis:
~ 140. Polypodium ( (Pleuridium) i , Baker - [Filices]; rhizomate
late repenti, pa paleis d densis patentibt ł
stipitibus elongatis strictis mi stramineis, aun lanceolatis sim-
plicibus rigide subcoriaceis facie viridibus dorso glaucescentibus, veni
primariis perspicuis eretto- riteni biS intra mar arginem diasolatier sanlis
intermediis copiose anastomosantibus, soris magnis giobosis superfic iali-
bus inter costam et marginem uniseriatis medialibus inter venas primarias
litariis.
bitat. m sre: on sandstone amongst grass near Mongtse,
Ha
Hancock, 4
Stipites 4-5 poll. longi. Lamina 6-8 poll. longa, 5-7 lin. lata.
Very near the New Caledonian and Australian P. Zanceola, Mett.
INIG ee RS So Me os eRe 8k auis
COCCKLVIII.—-BOTANICAL SURVEY OF INDIA.
A scheme for carrying out the botanical survey ot India was pub-
lished on February 26, 1891, by the Government of India. - It is under
the control of Dr. George King ; ERS y CLE; ENTORN of the
Royal Botanical Gardens, Calcutta, who is Dire
Under his direction the publication of * pasos ds of t the Botanical
Survey of India" has been commeénced and four numbers have been
issu A
e report rt of à botanical tour in Kaenmic dering 1893 by Mr. J. F.
India, forms No. 3. ltis accompanied ty a map py ing the parts of
Kashmir, Baltistan, and Gilgit visited by Mr. Duthie in 1892 and 1893.
No. 4 contains the notes of a journey from Haveri to Kumta, in
Bombay, by Mr. G. — Woodrow, Lecturer on Botany at the
College of Boitiaoe at Poona; and of a tour in Travancore by Mr. M. A.
Lawson, F.L.S., Government Botanist, ce im During 1893 the route
taken by Mr. Duthie was from Rawal Pindi to Gulmarg and the Liddar
valley, thence over the watershed by the "Panties pass into the Sind
valley, and over Toji La to Drás. From Dras the route was along the
little-frequented road to Gurais vid Tilail, thence over the Dorikun. pass
to the Deosai plains and back by the same route. The following extracts
are taken from Mr. Duthie's report :—
' Beyond the Me above Chatpani, Mr. Duthie states :—-
__ “We had now reached an elevation of about 13,000 feet, asi as the
57
as the Kargeh pass, . The view looking down the valley towards Tilail,
is very fine, with inde ow Parbat in the distance. On the pass itself
there was very little snow, and the turf was studded with brilliantly-
coloured alpine flowers." (pp. 31 and 32.
“ At es lower and western end of the Gurais valley, where the river
begins to turn southwards in the direction of Kanzalwán, is a remark-
able feck ébisiosod chiefly of the white poplar (Populus alba) ; aud
the river (the left bank), there is a similar piece of forest... The tree
are growing close together, and when viewed from the steep hill above,
their tops present a level mass of compact foliage, a few individual trees
large size of the trees, their average height be ver fee r
hell, who happened to be at Gurais at the time, kindly assisted. me
in making s measurements. : The | specimen we could find
gives the maximum size of Populus aiba in India as 40 feet in height
wad 8 feet in girth.
“The undergrowth « this forest i a param chiefly of a tall hand-
some Senecio (S. chenopodifolius) and a low-growing kind of bramble.
A few isolated nitet a of pine, e and silver fir are met with ;
also Populus ciliata, two species of willow, Crategus Oxyacantha,
Viburnum fætens, and Hippophae rhamnoides ; this latter forms large
thickets a littie higher up the valley." )
The furthest point reached into the Deosai edm was ee mountain
lake of Shersan, very deep, and said to contain š weather was
abnormally warm for the elevation, and the visión was dried u
“I returned to Chilam- the next morning, and.on the following day
(17th) crossed the Dorikun pass in a storm of wind and m and
reached Minimarg the same Mei I halted here for a day to d
ground on the further side “of the strea The most €
discovery here was that of Pyrola eiiie, a species whic
been recorded for India previous to my finding it in the Astor mialy
this
in 1892. 'The undergrowth in forest is composed chiefly of a
variety of Rubus niveus, with T it tasting exactly like that of
ihe raspberry, and of blick ira bushes with their branches bent
down with the weight of the frui other kind of bramble (2.
saxatilis), with scarlet fruit, is also abundant here. The natives
call i sims n number of ARDES p mosses were collected
here." (p. 36.
Among i the notes on some of the economic plants met with in Kashmir
&hd in the districts of Baltistan and Gilgit Mr. Duthie mentions the
following :—
“ Ferula jaeschkeana, Vatke; vern. mee coat (Sind valley),
hangwa (Pir Panjál).—A tall, handsome, umbelliferous plant, w
yellow flowers, abinde in most of the em in Hanian This at
was at one time supposed to be a source of ‘asafetida.’ It resembles
F. Narthex, Boiss., but has much larger Pe he plant is said to be
eaten by sheep and goats
“ Ferula Narthex, Boiss. (Narthex Asafetida, Falc. )—Abundant
in the Astor valley below Doian. I remember when on my way to Gi
noticing this plant, only the dry bleached stems being then visible.
"There is a specimen in the Saharanpur herbarium collected by Dr, Giles
58
in 1886, and probably from the same locality. I agree with Dr. Aitchison
a powerful a of asafetida. The plant is figured in the Botanical
Magazine, t., 5168, and in Bentley and Trimen’s Medicinal Plants,
t. 126." (p. 40.)
“Stipa sibirica, Lamk.—This, which is known as the poisonous
grass of Kashmir, is very abundant in some of the NN M
on the outskirts of the forests at an elevation of 8000 to 9000 feet.
rip. urs also in — — of the Himalaya; and on the Black moun-
it of much sickness amongst the baggage
Tobia aaen bei "andere of 1888, The direct cause of its injurious
effects on anim as not yet been conclusively shown. Some attri-
bute it to a narcotic principle inherent in the plant, whilst others affirm
that it acts mechanically as an irritant, and is not in any way chemically
poisonous. r. Aitchison, who has given much attention to the
subject, and has witnessed many cases of ponies having been poisoned
by eating this grass, believes that the symptoms are produced by some
kind of narcotic poison. A common remedy in Kashmir for. this com-
plaint, Dr. Aitchison tells Lun. is to hold the animal's head in the smoke
of a fire, in order t a discharge frow the nostrils, after which
dan erous symptoms poems and the animal recovers conscious-
ness, on to this treatment, vinegar and sour apples are Me
times given. The cattle of the co country do not of their own accord ea
this grass during the spring and méitnst puta ioo Data
Aitchison says, they do eat it. If this be so, it 7 — agape st
the idea of the plant possessing only mechanicall roperties
for during the autumn months the rough awns of cD ap rials: are fully
dey eloped. np 43
CCCCXLIX.—TEA CULTIVATION IN THE
CAUCASUS.
Experiments with tea plants in the Russian province of Transcaucasi
have been carried on for some time. In the Russian Nouvelles t
by the Board of Trade foureat Ae p. 174), it was stated that “the
ea plant flourished on the western littoral of Transcaucasia, notably at
dimensions and arrive at full maturit ,producing excellent seeds. The
climate of Western vem compares favourably with that of the south-
east of China. This analogy consists not only in the equality of the
mean annual temperature of the two regions, but also in the quantity of
rain which falls there and in the period (spring) when the rains are
most abundant, a condition essential to the growth of the tea plant.” It
is added that a so-called Caucasian tea had been exhibited at the Nijni-
Novgorod fair. ‘‘ This was nothing else but Vaccinium Arctostaphylos,
a kind of tea from Koporié, which only served to discredit the future
I— in Caueasia."
y the tea plantations in the Caucasus have been —— and
* the quality of the tea produced is said to be
s rri d Crown Estates has appointed a Coramiseion
which will include “the Inspector of the Imperial Domains in the
59
Cau to proceed to India, Southern ern China, and Ceylon, with the
object Eo thoroughly examining ee M of tea culture and curing
in those countries. The Commercial Agent for the Appanage Depart-
ment of e Russian Imperial Court has recently visited Kew to study
the subjec
Seri ré remarkable statistics as to yy tea produetion of the world are
given in a paper read by Mr. A. G. Stanton at the Society of Arts
(Journ., vol. 43, pp. 189-201). In 1683 the total consumption of tea in
the United Kingdom was 170,780,000 lbs., or 4:82 lbs. per head of
population. In 1894 these figures "had risen to 214 941,044 lbs., or
5:53 lbs. per head.
'The remarkable feature in the tr aei is the na in which India and
eylon have displaced China source of supply. Taking Mr.
DIA 8 Eve a gi the piéporions of the total supply stand as
follo
aga China. India. Ceylon.
| | |
1883 | 66 | 33 1
| |
| |
1894 | 12 | 55 | 33
In 12 years Ceylon has pushed to the gun at first occupied by India,
and this almost entirely at the expense
Mr. ton states :—'* The annual consumption of tea in the civilised
world, exclusive of the United ea iM mt 250,000,000 Ibs. Of
this quan uantity aay about 30,000,000 Ibs. are Indian and Ceylon.” It is
evident, then, that if Russian tea can be successfully placed upon the
market, it will fats, in the first instance at any rate, to compete with
China tea. The new competitor is not likely Meloni to affect British
production.
As the experiment to grow tea in the Russian Empire e possesses an
interest in connexion with the large tea industries of India and Ceyion
the following particulars are reproduced from the report for the year
1894 on the agricultural condition of the Batoum Consular district,
ak f forwarded to the Earl of Kimberley by Mr. Consul Stevens,
n Office, Annual Series, 1894, No. 1481] :—
plantations at Chakva, near Batoum, pbi to Messrs,
opoff,
extended this year under the supervision of the Chinese tea planters,
who were brought over in 1893; a large number, about 600, natives of
the Caucasus, are also employed in working on the plábtatfor" of this
firm
fi a letter to the * Caucasian Agricultural News," Mr, A. Solovtzoff,
who for several years past has been cultivating tea on his estates at no
great distance from the lands belonging to Messrs. Popoff, gives a some-
what interesting account of his experiences in the raising of this platit
since the year 1884. He states that at that time his chief concern was
the question of procuring tea plants for planting, he feared to order seed
lest old seed should be sent, besides this the seed of tea contains a
volatile oil in considerable quantity which, during a long voyage, edil
a
be likely to evaporate, and thus the seed would have been rendered
Sterile. Even the seed raised at Chakva requires the greatest care and
attention, as excessive dryness deprives it of the oil, and too much damp
caus2s it to rot.
Eventually, — he succeeded in obtaining a few plants which
arrived at Batoum the month of July. 1885, together with some
seedlings. ‘The aeu dL i of both jelt, much to be desired, as they s
received but little care and water duriug their transit, and were to a
extent damaged by the Customs eibi who used quicklime for Who
purpose of disinfecting them against the importation of Phylloxera.
They were, subsequently, transported to git: and with as little delay
as possible planted on his property. At first they grew badly, and all
the shrubs dried up, but some of the E es took, and from these he
was able to develop his plantation
The land chosen for the Sittin was a red ciayey soil, dressed with
a thin coat of manure b = thoroughly rotted leaves and branches,
&c. — -had fallen from the. After clearing away the manure the
land dug hem = a depth ol of pom 21 inches and the top soil was
Worked" to the b
~~ The séeds man in bin course of a year, and are gathered in the month
of ber, at which time the plant also flowers. The seeds, after being
solution for some eir B A then put Wk into the earthenware
vessels, after being mixed with damp earth. In this earth the seeds
be
e
egin to shoot up, Rt pes are then transplanted into the nursery beds,
the soil of which is the same as that of the plantation, but which has
a certain proportion of sea sand admixed for the purpose of rendering
it more friable. The seeds are sown at a distance of 34 inches apart at
a depth of 12 inches. As soon as the young shoots make their appear-
ance above e ground it is necessary to cover them over with mas in order
to dini them from the excessive heat of the sun; but this protection
‘should be removed in rainy weather sd at night. In dry weather the
t
to contend, and they are most difficult to deal with, although it would
appear he has found means whereby the ravages caused by mole crickets
may be minimised. The methods which he adopts to attain this end
are the annual removal of the nursery beds to fresh ground, and the
burying in the nursery beds, in a line with the burrows of the crickets,
-of grains of Indian corn boiled in a aures of arsenic, or, what is still
better, a solution of corrosive sublima
The ghe ee pedea of the tea plant W. means of cuttings should be
avoided, as a large proportion ob the cuttings do not take, but the euer
objection i * that tt those do only produce very weak plants. 44
Now that he has almost unlimited supply of seedlings, Mr.
Solo” Aen testisflantinig only the stronger ones into the planta-
tion. e seedlings remain in the beds a Whole year, and are then
‘Planted out 4 feet apart from each other.
~The onl only ‘attention Tn the plantation Das i is that it should be
freed. from weeds twice a year. For the first year the young plants
should be pro from ther Back he iu iM the Med of irees.
SW M: GL oda di. de eto
61
plantatio on. Up to the present, pruning, with a view to increasing c»
erop of leaves, has not been n resorted to, as the chief object has been
obtain as large a quantity of seed as possible for the multipliention of the
plants. No manure has been used hitherto, but when planting out the
seedlings this year it was intended to manure the soil with timber ashes
and refuse from oil mills.
During the dry season, May and June, when'the heat is very great, the
S e ore,
the young plants have to be protected from the sun. ‘The winter of
1892-93 was exceptionally rigorous, the frests being as severe as six
degrees Reaumur, but neither the grown up plants nor the seedlings
with snow up to the very leaves. This result is particularly gratifying
when the fact that the very Asi seedlings ure planted in a quite open
and low-lying plain fully exposed to the wind, is taken into con-
sideration ; when subsequently án Bat to the plantation they do very
we
The plantation covers about five acres, and as planting has been
carried on as seed has become available, it contains plants of all sizes,
ranging from five years’ growth to one and a half years’ growth.
ts
planted out during the present year, there suficient quantity of |
seed in stock to raise 40,000 more VAR. ae the quality of the tea
is said to be goo
It is also reported that about 43,000 acres of Government Jand in the
lan-
tations, and in connexion with this, the above Department has ordered
a Commission, which will seite Inspect
the einem Sa of this year, to In Sikia
ina, and Ceylon, with ihe objet of thoroughly studying the methods
of tea culture in those countries
a Be
Saas a DN ARCTOSTAPHYLOS AS A TEA
UBSTITUTE.
- With regard to the use of Vaccinium Arctostaphylos as a tea substitute
in the — referred to in the prec Spam article, the following note
contributed by the Director to the Pharmaceutical e Her jagi arch
21, 1885, is reproduced, to Bus the ity of the Lus
Mr. Holmes's note in the Pharmaceutical bats com m
pp. 573-4) pretty well exhausts the history of this curious produc
But it will be convenient to record in the same pages the few other fhets
that have come under our. notice at Kew.
[n 1877, Mr. George Maw, F.L.S., brought from Asia Minor a small
sample of tea obtained at Broussa in vg Mr. Maw informed us
Het it was sold for about 8d. per pound, and he ascertained that it was
made from Vaccinium Arctostaphylos (see * Kew Report,” 1877, p. 45).
Mr. Holmes mentions on the authority o of Mr. Allen, that in Lazis
and Trebizond it was first made in 1877; but in that year, at any rate
in Anatolia, its use seems to haye been sufficiently. common to attract
Mr. Maw’s attention.
62
The tea next came under our notice in me report by Coney Bee
* On the town and port of Samsoon, and on the Circa
the district.”* Mr. Biliotti states that the Ojai families « Ae
large quantities of sugar and have introduced the use of tea; but there
being a sort of native tea produced at Amassia and Tokat, the iio
importation of this article from Great Britain does not exceed 1500
pounds.” We thought it was worth while drawing the attention of the
Foreign Office to the matter, with a view of ascertaining the nature of
this tea “seo pag Mr. Biliotti took a good deal of trouble, and obtained
ni to Kew specimens of tea and of the plant prodücing it
reir, and Tokat, in the province of Roum, and also from Rizeh
in "Trebiz izond. Writing from Trebizond, he says:——'** As it grows
profusely here wild on high mountains (not below an altitude of 500
eet, so far as I have been able to ascertain), it would be of invaluable
advantage for the population to know whether the plaut belongs to the
genus tea, and whether cultivation would improve the quality of the tea
now produced, whieh lacks in flavour. This may also be due to the
natives using unskilful means for drying the wet
he tea sent has exactly the appearance and aroma of coarse black
tea; so much so, that the Customs authorities insisted on charging duty
2 died specimens sent were identified by Professor Oliver as Vaccinium
Arctostaphylos, without hesitation. He remarks that the plant is
: ournefort in "his E Voyage i in diee Levant"; but though that
tavole mentions the taste of the leaves, he says nothing about its being
used as Mises an what Mr. Holmes says as to its use for
this Bbrfith o ing a pract recent
The Board of Trade, to hie samples of the tea were communicated,
submitted them to Messrs. George White & Co., the well-known firm
of tea brokers. They remark that common China tea, selling at 54d. to
6d. per pound, shows better value in every respect, and the admixture
of the “ Trebizond tea ” mem Se reduce the cost, while it would
certainly not eos its flay
Th the aroma of t
of a decoction was pee an eed with no appreciable resemblance
to that of true tea. I sent a sample to Dr. Schorlemmer, of Owen
College, Manchester, who has paid some attention to the chemistry of
tea-substitutes, Ledum palustre, belonging to the next natural family,
ricacee, yields Labrador tea, and it seems odd that two nearly related
plants should be pitched upon in such — parts of the world for the
same purpose, if there were no physio S ibn basis for their selection.
But I have not heard wbether Dr. "Behorla mmer has detected any
principle in Trebizond tea eee would account jade its GHarütie use.
Since the above was in type we have been favoured by the Board of
Trade with a copy of a Bd ahaa (dated ‘Jeary 15, 1885), by M.
Numa Doulcet, H.M. Vice-Consul, at Samsoo
I append a translation which, I think, finally exhausts the subject ==
1. The tea in question became a commercial article in 1880 ; at
first its consumption was limited to the country and particu larly
to those districts in which Circassian colonies had been founded.
2. It is manufactured by Circassian planters in the ri nl OR
of Amassia, Tokat, and Horek, all in the province of Roum, at
tance from the forest which clothes the mountain
-4 Commercial Reports from Her Majesty’s Consuls, 1884,” Part, I, p. 147, —
63
chain called Beldagh, and on which the plant which a
the tea in question grows in great abundance.
_ which takes place within the houses of the Circassian colonists
--— aper this industry, and who appear to be pretty
4. Théo a are qnem — of n that which yields the best quality
takes place in May. About 5000 ocques (the ocque= 22 lbs.)
are actually dier Mg annually, but this ve could be
considerably augmented if there were occasion for it.
5. When fit to yield a crop the plant has reached a shrubby state.
to Samsoon un
piastre, which s the price per ocque to six piastres in
7. The consumption is almost limited to the requirements of the
Vilayets of Sivaz (Roum) and Angora (Anatolia). Tt is to
he town bearing the last-mentioned named that the Ed
rt of the crop is sent. 1881 gue pens WAS se
France, but the transaction was not a profitable one. red
further consignments to Constantinople also do not appear to
have been successful,
CCCCLI.—DIAGNOSES n EN IV.
(Continued from p. 129, 1894.) _
phe plan nts described below form part of a collection made By Mr. A.
Cass arson, B.Sc., of the London Missionary Society, and presented by
him to Kew. They are from a place called Fwambo, Hed about 50
miles south of Lake Tanganyika, and evidently the greater part of them
from a considerable elevation, as they are m and sub-tropical
types. . Carson's labels afford no information on this point however,
but as the level of the lake is given as 2670 feat above the d the
plateau at 4000 to 5000 feet, with higher peaks, E is probable that these
plants were from elevations of 5000 to 7000 fee
The following extract from Mr. H. H. Jo ái nston's account of the
country (Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, xii, 1890,
p. 737) is interesting —
** The ordinary route to Tanganyika, which I had now pioked- up in
the Mambwe country, leads you up through the most beautiful gorge of
Fwambo to and through the mountain ranges which look down on the
south end of Tanganyika, The gorge of Fwambo is an exquisite bit of
scenery. A beautiful stream dashes down in many cataracts and rapids
through a deep but not very narrow gorge between precipitous mountain
sides, and this gorge is filled with magnificent forest of a truly West
African character, an ideal tropical forest with its immense umbrageous
‘on ~ grace ful oil-palms, its parasitic orchids, and trailing swinging
140. Oxalis iino phylla, Baker [| Geraniaces] ; acaulis, annua, foliis
omnibus radicalibus trifoliolatis longe petiolatis, foliolis oblongis obtusis
64
utrinque dense persistenter albido-pilosis, pedunculo elongato piloso,
floribus paucis umbellatis, pedicellis cernuis calyce longioribus, sepali
oblongo-lanceolatis pilosis, petalis obovato-oblongis calyce triplo f -
bus superne lilacinis inferne luteis, genitalibus distinete triseriat
Habitat.—VFwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (56- = 1894
collection).
Foliola 4-5 lin. longa. Pedunculus 4-5 poll. longus. — "Sepala 14-2
lin. longa. .
Near O. corymbosa, DC. and O. purpurata, Jacq.
141. Oxalis oligotricha, Baker [Geraniacew]; annua, acaulis, foliis
radicalibus dense rosulatis longe petiolatis trifoliolatis, foliolis membra-
naceis oblongis vel ovato-oblon ngis obtusi sis utrinque parce pilosis,
pedunculo crane 6 floribus ee umbellatis, bracteis parvis lanceolatis
revibus, sepalis Amante pilosis, petalis
lilacinis calyce ed longioribus, genitalibus triseri
Habitat.—F wambo, Lake Tanganyika; 4. Carson (1890 collection).
— Foliola 12-21 lin. longa, 9-12 lin. lata.. Pedunculus 4-6 poll. longus.
Sepala 2 lin. longa. :
Near O. corymbosa, DC. —
142. Impatiens assurgens, Baker |Geraniaces]; perennis, caulibus
simplicibus erectis glabris superne pubescentibus, f oliis sessilibus lanceo-
latis argute. serratis basi rotundatis inferioribus a ons asm
alternis, oribus ralibu
parvis ovatis, labello albido concavo ore obliquo dakar pes evi gracili,
petalis albidis obovato- quadratis, ovario glabro ad apicem et basin sensim
ttenuato.
abitat.—VWwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (11 of 1893
collection, 15 and 105 ‘of 1894 collection).
Caulis 1-2 pedalis.. Folia 14-2 poll. longa, 3-6 lin, lata. -Pedunculi
11-2 poll. longi. Labellum 1 poll. longum. . Petala 4 lin. lata.
143. Impatiens gomphophylla, Baker [Geraniacex] ; perennis,
caulibus erectis glabris superne parce pilosis, foliis alternis breviter
petiolatis oblongis acutis argute dentatis basicuneatis facie viridibus
glabris dorso pallide viridibus ad venas primarias pilosis, floribus
axillaribus geminis longe pedunculatis, sepalis lateralibus Mn ovatis
rubellis, labello infundibulari ealcare spiraliter recurvato, petalis. parvis
orbicularibus, ovario glabro. e medio ad basin et apicem angustato.
abitat. IPW, Lake Tanganyika, A» Carson - ot 1893
collection, 7 of 1894 collection).
Folia 2-3 poll. longa, medio 9-12 lin. lata. D 12-18 Ea:
longi. Labellum 12-15 lin. longum
-Near the West African Z. bicolor., DAS fil. in Bot. Mag. tab. 5366.
— 144. Crotalaria laxiflora, Baker [Leguminose] ; annua, ramosissima,
glabra, stipulis minutis, foliis breviter petiolatis trifoliolatis, foliolis
Oblanceolatis viridibus, racemis ^
is s terminalibus, bracteis linearibus minutis, podiceilis. —
65
ascendentibus vel patulis, calyce tubo obconico dentibus lanceolatis tubo
longioribus, petalis luteis, vexillo obovato calyce duplo longiore, legumine
sessili subgloboso monospermo glabro.
Habitat.—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (28 of 1894
collection).
Caulis subpedalis erecta. Foliola 4-8 lin. longa. Calyx 2 lin.
longus. Corolla 4 lin. longa. Fructus 2 lin. longus.
Belongs to the group Spherocarpe, near C. filicaulis, Welw.
$e Indigofera polysphara, Baker [Leguminosze]; fruticosa, ramo-
ma, caule erecto angulato adpresse piloso, stipulis linearibus minutis,
foliis simplicibus subsessilibus lanceolatis acutis rigidulis utrinque
viridibus obscure pilosis, floribus in capitulis densis globosis copiose
paniculatis dispositis, pedicellis brevibus dense pilosis, bracteis lanceolatis,
calyce dense piloso tubo brevissimo dentibus linearibus elonga is,
legumine oblongo Sinis dense piloso 2-3-spermo calyce sesqui-
longiori.
Habitat.—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (70 of 1894
collection).
Folia aint P longa, 3-4 lin. lata. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Fructus
3 lin. lon
Near J. procera, Schum. & Thonn.; and J. djurensis, Schweinf.
146. Desmodium (Nicolsonia) tanganyikense, Baker [Leguminosæ] ;
linearibus
By ttu m, caulibus angulatis dense pubescentibus, stip
prea: foliis sessilibus trifoliolatis subcoriacei aceis facie viri ibus obscure
" .
integro basi rotundato, ra cemis laxis in ange magna
dispositis, bracteis minutis, calyce tubo campanulato dentibus acutis tubo
squilongis, vexillo obovato rubello calyce triplo longiori, legumine
lineari — breviter pedicellato articulis circiter. 3 longioribus
quam lat
Habitat.—F'wambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Contos (27 of 1894 col-
lection
Foliola 3-4 poll Sen eur pedalis, racemis inferioribus 5-6-
poll. longis. Calyx 14 lin. longus.
Near D. senaarense, iE.
147. Mucuna erecta, Baker [Legumi minose]; erecta, fruticosa, ramulis
is a ngulosis dense ad am pubescentibus, stipulis deciduis, foliis
osi
trifoliolatis distinete petiolatis foliolis rigidulis oblongis obtusis utrinque
dense adpresse pilosis, floribus 2—4-nis axillaribus, pedicellis Les cine
aite. recurvata geo 3-4- s ongiore, ovario iati rico "m
multioy
Habitat. m i i Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (66 of 1894
collection). -
Foliola 2 poll hid; 9-12 lin. lata. Calyz 4lin.longus. Carina
14 lin. longa, Vexillum 9-10 lin. longum. Fructus ignotus.
U 86021.
66
cam dep oo m known e erect mec x the M; ——
148. Dolichos lupinoides, Baker. [emiro] s nnis, - ia
tente:
b
in racemo’ cies denso "dispositi itis, bracteis linearibus pilosis,
pedicellis brevibus pilosis, goes piloso tubo campanulato dentibus
superioribus parvis, inferiori lanceolato tubo longiori, petalis. pulchre
purpureis calyce duplo oroia o ovario cylindrico aalok dense
piloso,
Habitat. —Fwambo, se Tanganyika, A. one", (133. of. 1898
collection).
"Caulis Racemiüs 6-9 poll. langus Calys 3. lin. longüs.
Petala € Ties "olg vexillum 6 lin. latu !
"This curi us species has the dense raceme & a Lupin, B flowers in
November, hd at that season the stems bear only a few rudimentary
acte simplo sessile gasping ee leaves below the inflorescence,
“149. Dolighos pteropus, B abr [Ley umin ami; ; perennis, oculta 8
quete po tibus, stipulis lanceolatis rigidulis caducis, foliis simplici-
Bate a oan Beale vel emarginatis utrinque tenuiter } ilosis,
pede ala lata foliacea apice semilunari przdito, floribus 1— sa in
racemo laxo efoliato dispositis; bracteis linearibus parvis, calyce
tubo campanulato dentibus aeutis tubo equilongis, petalis i
purpu un f os 2-3-plo. longioribus, ovario eylindrico multiovulato
dense pilo
jd Evam Lake Tanganyika, 4. Carson (94 and 117 of
To gollec tion). .
"iCaulis pedalis. - Folia 12-15 lin. longa, ala betel! tlio. iy Caii
à lin, longus. Petala 7-8 lin. longa. . .
Remarkable for the very curious foliaceous wig of the petiole.
150. Dolichos xiphophyllus, Baker [Leguminose]; perennis, caulibus
erectis pilosis, stipulis lanceolatis magnis rigidulis persistentibus, foliis
paucis linearibus simplicibus ascendentibus subcoriaceis utrinque viridi-
bus pilosis ad basin sensi us longe
' floribus
pedicellatis, calyce piloso tubo obconico dentibus inzequilongis deltoideis
tubo brevioribus, petalis pulchre — ealyce. triplo~longioribus,
ovario cylindrico piloso multiovulato
bitat. SOR sey Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (46 ‘and 7 1 of
on).
. Ha
1893 collect
Caulis ; oid Sesquipedalis. Folia 6-8 poll, longa, e 2-3
lin, lata.: Calyx 2 Te drei Petala 6 lin. lon Fructus ignotus.
73 iy zye to D. ae Sock; 5 in Bot, e Map. tab.
— "n
- 381. Pentas involucrata, Baker Called; aie E —
ramoso hi eri stipulis profunde laeiniatis, fol oppositis
rigidulis rt c eolatis ad basin sensim "angustatis. :utrinque
viridibus gl f an mgltiüorie terminalibus -globosis os
involucratis, dentibus y terit pe
67
subulatis, cor rolle tubo. pug ii pane duplo; longiori, limbi: lobis
Meis lanceolatis, staminibus ex tu
^ Habitat. — Lake : "Teig 4. Carson v of 1894
dblisetion n).
Caulis sesquipedalis vel bipedalis, Folia caulina 4—6 poll. onga.
Dentes emi 3 lin. longi. Corolle tubus 6-7 lin. longus 5 bi
lobi 3 lin. long
Remarkab ie 18% the manner in which the connate bases of the upper
pair of sem are dilated s so as to form a € which encloses the base of
the inflorescence.
152. Pentas speci iosa, Baker [Rubiacei]; annua, caule simplici
elongato dense pubescente, foliis ternatis breviter petiolatis ovatis acuti
branaceis gael pilosis | a viridibus dorso pallide viridibus,
libu
mem
internodiis folio multo longioribus, is paucifloris termina
confertis, bracteis tandedlitis foliaceis pubescentibus, calycis dentibus,
magnis lanceolatis foliaceis, corollæ t brupte
dilatato, limbo pue rubello lobis magnis obovatis cuspidatis, antheris
in edis clusis
Hab C f ike Tanganyika; pool 20 miles south of Niomkoto, A.
Carson KET collection).
Caulis 2-3 pedalis. Folia 14-2 poll. longa.. Dentes calycini 4 lin.
longi. Corolle tubus 15 lin. longus ; limbus diu sua 15 lin. diam
Very distinct, with a much larger flower than in P. carnea, Benth.
in Bot. Mag. tab. 4086, or in any other Species aiid known.
3. Pentas. confertifolia, perennis, . Pe
simplici pubescente, foliis, in Pole alils eu ual okers sessilibus
aanp Ra AuNON | eens linearibus vel lanceolatis utrinque viridibus
pubescentibu cymis compositis densifloris terminalibus, bracteis
scd pilosis, pedicellis brevissimis, ovario piloso - hese dentibus
calycinis parvis lanceolatis, cořollæ tubo elongato cylindr Bici
nac Tobis brevibus lanceolatis, antheris ex tubo exse rdi
Habitat.—F wambo, Lake “Tanganyika, A. Carson. G of. 1894
collection).
Caulis sodquipedalis vel bipedalis. ' Folia majora 2-24 poll, longa,
2-3lin, lata. | Corolle tubus 2 poll. longus, lobi 3 lin. PHP
Near P. iiit; Schum. jot -eit We ce
sect as why ye ce aes € ode xt k b. ow
154. aequom incid “Baler “[Rabinoer] ; annua, caule
erecto ramoso pubescente, stipulis membranaceis. laciniatis basi breviter
connatis, foliis sessilibus MAASE vel lanceolatis facie viridibus glabris
dorso obse pubesce , cymis paucifloris terminalibus, calycis
dentibus. Vnceibus Corolla bere tubo cylindrico fauce glabro, lobis
mn. tubo subzquilongis, antheris in tubo inclusis, fructu globoso
magnitudin e pisi dentibus calycinis persistent ntibus coronato.
Habitat. aoe wank, Lake apse Ae Carson. 07. of .1894
collection). .
Caulis pedalis en us. "Folia majora 2-21 poll. longa, 24. lin, Mii:
Dentes calycini demum 2 lin „longi. Corolle tubus 4 lin longus.:
Nearly allied to O. abyssinica, Hiern,
B2
68
155. Fadogia triphylla, Baker [Rubiaces] ; perennis, cata ecto
simplici glabro, stipulis deltoideis integris, foliis ternatis as endentibus
viridibus glabris, floribus in cymis paucifloris axillaribus pedunculatis
dispositis, pedicellis er en Sot, calyce glabro campanulato obscure
dentato, coroll: tubo calyce paulo longiori fauce pilosa, lobis ovatis tubo
equilongis, antheris ex tubo exsertis.
Habitat.—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (43 of 1894
collection).
Caulis pedalis. Folia 14-2} poll. visis 12-15 lin. lata. Calyx
2 lin. a “cobra tubus 3 lin. longus
Nearly a F. glaberrima, Schweinf. of Djur-land and Ff.
stenophylla, Welw. of Angola. la.
156. Galium stenophyllum, Baker [Rubiaces]; perenne, caulibus
erectis gracilibus profunde suleatis plus minusve pilosis, fo foliis 6—8-nis
anguste linearibus margine recurvatis, floribus DE SIUE copiose
paniculatis, pedicellis brevibus rectis, floribus parv albidis rubro
tinctis, petalis ovatis acutis, coccis globosis glabris nigris is nitidis
Habitat..—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (1889 aide
40, 41 and 80 of 1893 collection). Nyassa land, J. Buchanan (770,
= 1364 of 1891 collection).
| ulis — vel anes Folia 9-12 lin. longa. Corolla
exin 1} lin. diam. diam.
Belongs to the section "Ys near the European G. lucidum, All.
The numbers cited vary greatly in indumentum and length of
pedicel.
157. Vernonia oocephala, Baker [Composite]; fraticosa, ramosissima,
ramulis lignosi sis pubescentibus crebre foliatis, foliis alternis brevissime
getiólitis oblongis vel lineari-oblongis obtusis basi rotundatis rigidulis
utrinque viridibus pubescentibus, capitulis paucifloris ad apicem ramu-
lorum paucis congestis, involucro oblongo bracteis multiseriatis rigidis
pallidis adpressis pubescentibus interioribus oblongis vel lineari-oblongis
obtusis exterioribus parvis ovatis, pappi setis rigidis albidis ciliatis,
acheniis pubescentibus
Habitat.—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (74 of 1894
collection).
Folia 12-18 lin. longa. Involucrum 41 lin. longum, 2 lin, diam.
Pappus 24-3 lin. longus.
Closely ps in habit the Brazilian V. nitidula, Less.
| 158. Bojeria vestita, Baker ME herbacea, perennis, caule
foliato dense piloso, foliis subcoriace natis facie viridibus scabris
. dorso pallide viridibus pilosis inf erlóribts petiolatis oblongis obtusis basi
intermediis sessilibus oblongo-spathulatis amplexicaulibus
iba ctw, m Tanganyika, A. Carson (30 of 1894
collection).
Folia inferiora 8-9 poll. lo 4-5 lata. Involucrum 12-15
lin. diam, i Piper Shi mes we X
pow
69
Habit of Inula Helenium. The genus is ct near Inula. Only
two other species are already known, one from Madagascar and the other
from the Cape.
159. Emilia integrifolia, Baker [Composite]; perennis, glabra,
caule gracili erecto parce foliato, foliis caulinis alternis remotis linear ibus
integris sessilibus ascendentibus, e capitulis paucifloris parvis pluri
laxe corymbosis, pedunculis nudis ereetis, involucró oblongo, bracteis
circiter 8 equalibus linearibus viridibus albo marginatis, floribus pulchre
purpureis involucro paulo longioribus, receptaculo plano, a glabris
brunneis arcte costatis, pappo albo molli achenio duplo lon
Habitat-—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson ani of 1894
collection). Lower plateau north of Lake Nyassa, Joseph Thomson.
Caulis Ex vel sesquipedalis. Folia caulina majora 2-3 poll.
longa, 11-2 lin. lata. Znvolucrum 2 lin. longum. Achenia j lin.
lon
Nea r E. graminea, DC. and E. ascendens, DC., both natives of
Madagascar.
60. Schizoglossum co E Br rown [Asclepiadeæ]; caule
solitario erecto simplici pubescent foliis erectis subsessilibus vel breviter
petiolatis U E acu arginibus revolutis utrinque pubescentibus,
umbellis 6-1 salibus lateralibus 6—9-floris, braeteis subulatis
lanceolato-linearibus attenuatis erecto-incurvatis apicibusque connatis
marginibus replicato-revolutis utrinque pubescentibus, coronz lobis
æ ilongis tr
extus basi transverse gibbosis intus E et A apicem cum
dente parvo instructis glabris, antheris: inflexis suborbiculari -
bus us terminatis, stylo apice late wanes Puit i 5-gibboso minutissime
—
—Fwambo, south of Lake c amem Carson 17.
Caulis 2 fon altus, 3-1 lin. erassus. Foliorum petioli 4-1 lin. longi,
laminz 2-2} poll. longz, 4-1 lin. late. Bractee 1-13 lin, fe lin. longæ. Pedi-
celli 11-2 lin. longi. Sepala ala 14-1} lin. longa. olle lobi 3 lin.
long basi 1 lin . lati. Corone lobi $ lin. longi et lati.
sib, Schum., but is at cüce da from those aid all ve
known species by the tips of the corolla lobes being connate, as in some
species of Ceropegia and Brachystelma. The flowers appear to be of a
greenish-yellow. in
161. Xysmalobi um bellum, JV. E. Brown (Asclepiadex ] ; caule erecto
robusto unifariam puberulo, foliis — cuneato-oblongis vel o
et basi eun neatis apice 0 tusiss mis et min nute yore vel acutis
inatis vel subulatis Esdr per ovatis vel pei epm is
acutis glabris, corolla magna campanulata fere ad basin 5-loba
lobis late oblongis obtusis intus intense purpureis interdum luteo-
maculatis extus pallidis utrinque glabris, coronz Jobis supra staminum
colum
excedentibus erectis crasso-carnosis turgidis apicibus obtusis vel
10.
introrsim crasso-apiculatis dorso valde convexis ventro planis rae Rem
ffi in ibusque ad apices alato-dentatis, antheris membranis inflexis late
ovatis obtusis vel subacutis terminatis, stylo spe late — pentagono
centro depresso.
Habitat —East Tropical Aftica: Blantyre, Buchanan 43; ena ands
Buchanan 603; Manganja Hills, Kirk; Esvamho,: S. of: Lako. -Tan-
ganyika, . Dansbh 62.
- Caulis ultra pedem altus, 11-3 lin. crassus: Foliorum inetsale 3-4 lin.
longi, lamine 2-34 poll.longz, 3-14 poll. late. Peduneuli 0-10 lin.
i 21—4 lin. longa. j
81—41 lin. longa, 2 lin. lata. Corolle lobi 10-13 lin. longi, Skal lin.
lati. Corene lobi 13-2 lin. longi. Staminwm columna 3 lin.
This is similar to X. spathulatum, Schum. in general appearance, but
the flowers are larger, the coronal lobes reach to the top of the ohkim or
slightly — it and are different in form.
162. Asclepias amabilis, N. E. Brown [ Ascl iuel caule gracili
erecto simplici sparse puberule vel subglabro, foliis erectis sessilibus
vel subsessilibus linearibus acutis. margin ibis revolutis -scaberulis,
umbellis 2-9 pedaneulatis 5-6 floris, pedunculis pedicellisque unifariam
late ovatis acutis extùs minute et parse puberulis pallide v e intus
glabris albidis, ‘corona j^" Tobis" udo ^ m colu æ basin
exortis et columnae apicem singes tentato ect pr
cum dentibus parvis erectis ad angulos interiores intus dits
basi truncatis, antheris membranis inflexis ovatis obtusis terminatis,
stylo apiee depresso-truncato pentagono.
Habitat.—East tropical Africa, Fwambo, S. of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 35, 55.
Caulis 1-13 ped. altus, 3—1 lin. s Folia 13-3 poll. longa,
lin. Pedunculi 1-21 pur ongi. Bractee 2-3 lin. longs.
Pedicelli 8-12 lin. longi. Sepa ei lin, longa. aigi UN lin.
diam., lobis 4—44 lin. longis, 5i Tu atis. Corone lobi 1j lin. longi.
ng»
Staminum columna, 14 lin. lon
63. Tachiadenus continentalis, Baker |Gentianes] ; herbaceus,
enis glaber, caulibus gracilibus erectis simplicibus vel fureatis, foliis
oppositis sessilibus parvis ascendentibus lanceolatis vel oblongo-lan-
ceolatis, calycis segmentis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis dorso carinatis,
corolla albidz tubo eylindrico calyce 2-3-plo longiori, limbi lobis ovatis
valde votó genitalibus in tubo inclusis, staminibus supra medium
tubi inse
psc are Lake 'Tanganyika, .4. Carson (33 of 1894
collection).
Caulis pedalis et ultra. Folia hd Hin lata. Calyx 6-9 lin. longus.
e meg expansus 2 poll, dia
his fine genus, hitherto s mE to be confined to Madagascar,
| to t p Continental flora, Nearly allied to 7, Miu Griseb,
“164. Ipomea( (Orthi : ik ker [Convoliulaces]; ;
erennis - caulibus - Subrectis ! pübsecotibus [s breviter peti tiolatis
is integris facie viridibus pilis p eis longis“
71
vestitis dorso dense ‘persistenter -albo-sericeis, floribus ` pluribus in
capitulo longe pedunculato aggreg: gatis, bracteis parvis linearibus; sepalis
lanceolatis pilis ae — vestitis, — eM infundibulari
ilyen: — longiori
Habitat. —F aib; “Lake Tanganyi iki; A. Olbrei ga " 1894
ódlétion)- Also collected 20 years ago by Captain Lovett C. ameron.
Folia 2—3 poll. longa, 6-12 lin, lata. . Calyx 3 lin. longus.
Nearly allied to the West Aran $ peine e
165. Buchnera quadrifaria , Baker HO eT. annua, cauli-
bus gracillimis inet tetragonis labris, foliis caulinis paucis minutis
linearibus sessilibus strictis erectis, spicis 1-4 densissimis oblongis vel
cylindricis tetragonis, bracteis late ovatis acutis rigidis glabris imbricatis
quadrifariis, calyce glabro rigidulo bractea breviori, dentibus lanceolatis,
corolla. tubo cylindrico bractea . mulio longiori, limbi lobis patulis
oblongis basi cuneatis, genitalibus in tubo inclus
itat:—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Cat on (100 of 1894
icd Lower r plateau north of Lake Nyassa, Foisph = aa
'"Caulis pedalis vel sesquipedalis.' Folia 2-3 lin. longa. “Rac
9-18 lin. longus, bracteis s lin. longis et latis. Corolle tubus 5-6 Si
longus, limbus 3+4 lin. diam
Very distinct by its dander rigid nearly naked stems and quadri-
farious bracts
166. Clsendenitean <Giusletodanicon) tanganyikense, Baker. iXerben:
brit fruto, e erectum, caulibus dense puhsscent oom foliis oppositis
acie 3
b
lobis orbicularibus, staminibus limbo imis bus,
Habitat. —Fwambo, Lake Tange A. c" vee = 1894
collection). nio. vated emiiimetios?s '
ne bg longa, medio 2-24 poll lata. Pa: aiat terminalis
2 poll. di aly 2 lin. longa. Corolle limbus 3 lin. diam.
Takes. one amongst the wars flowered species, near the ilsbaniezs
c. alestom Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc., ser, 2, Bot. IL, i
diei "Eyeidtéól sta verticilla Baker [Labia 3 herbaceus,
rennis, caulibus alts s pu osaan, "doté parvis $ petiolatis. verti-
cillatis linearibus vel lanceolatis dentatis utrinque viridibus pu
centibus, racemis densissimis cylindricis, i
oso tubo brevissimo dentibus rigidis linearibus, corolle tubo e calyce
breviter exserto, ibi parvis, superiori oblongo, inferiori valde concavo,
staminibus inc
gl Habitat Ewaubo Lake Tanganyika A: Carson (38 E 1894
collection)
^ Caulis 2-3-peđális. | ia 6-9 lin. longa, 1-4 li Wn: mai. wen
6 lin. diam, Calycis dente dëmin Il lin. ca le "Corolla $ lin. lin.
longs. leo EDONON
12;
A smaller-flowered species than P. parvifolius, with longer racemes
and shorter calyx-teeth.
168. Pycnostachys parvifolius, Baker mL iom. perennis,
caulibus ramosis dense pubescentibus, foliis ilibus oppositis vel
pseudo-verticillatis parvis inte [moo "Ael lanceolatis dense
pubescentibus facie sordide viridibus gore PH racemis
densissimis oblongis vel subglobosis 3
piloso tubo brevissimo dentibus rigidis lineae sublatis corollæ tubo
Sstt e calyce longe exserto, labio superiori parvo angusto, inferiori
majori valde concavo, staminibus inclusis,
Habitat —Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, Æ. Carson (26, 34, 92, 103,
of 1894 cocci)
ess penne vel Pipedelen Folia majora 6-9 lin. longa.
Calycis dentes demum 15 lin. longi. Corolla 6-9 lin. longa
A very distinct species, with leaves like those of tlie common
Lavender, and much more capitate racemes than any of those previously
known
69. Orthosiphon Cameroni, Baker [Labiatz]; perennis, caulibu
ae gracilibus - dense pilosis, foliis paucis sessilibus lance olatis
obscure dentatis utrinque viridibus pilosis, racemis laxissimis,
simplicibus, verticilastris paucifloris, bracteis minutis deciduis,
pedicellis brevibus, calyce piloso tubo. ,campanulato, dente superiori
suborbiculari tubo breviori infimis parvis setaceis, corollz tubo cal
duplo = labio inferiori obovato superiori multo majori, staminibus
longe exsertis.
X Habita —Lake Tanganyika, 4. Carson (81 of 1893), and E
ears ago in his journey across the continent by Capta
ws Cameron
Caulis a ess Folia 2-3 poll longa, 3 lin. lata. Calyx
floriferus 3 lin. longus. Corolla 7-8 lin. longa.
Remarkable in the genus for its much-exserted stamens.
170. Plectranthus betonicefolius, Baker [Labiate|; herbaceus,
perennis, caule tenuiter albo-incano, foliis paucis longe petiolatis
ovatis distincte crenatis facie viridibus tenuiter incanis dorso al
incanis, pedunculo nudo elongato, racemis densis simplicibus eylindtieis
axi dense ncs bracteis m cuspidatis, calyce d rsis
tenter eo-lanoso dentibus sub: æqualibus deltoideis, éobolBó
pubescentis tabó calyce mates tógiol dimidio superiori late infundi-
n , labio superiori parvo, inferiore magno valde concavo, staminibus
inclusis,
Habitat —Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, 4. Carson (64 and 79 of 1894
collection).
Caulis bipedalis et ultra. Folia inferiora 14-2 poll. longa.
Racemus 3 poll. longus. Calya 1 lin. longus. Corolla 6-71 lin. longa.
171. Plectranthus modestus, Baker [Labiate]; annua, caulibus
: gracilibus erectis ramosis pubescentibus, foliis paucis sessilibus
.. lanceol isti i is laxi
supremo orbicu-
lari reliquis angustis acutis, onie tubo calyce duplo longiori, labio
superiori parvo, inferiori magno concavo, staminibus inelusis
sHabitit. —Tanganyika plateau, 4. Carson (1889 relies.
C vix pedalis. Folia majora 14-2 poll. longa. Calyx primum
1} lin., fructiferus 4 lin. longus. Corolla 6 lin. longa.
Belongs to the section Germanea, and to series with cymes congested
into umbels, so as to form a simple raceme,
lectranthus subacaulis, Baker [Labiate]; perennis, foliis
tati
utrinque viridibus gla nigro-punc tatis, caulibus brevibus p end
vel furcatis, ittis cadis S en is Mibi imd floribus in „spici
simplicibus subdensis dispositis, bracte
calyce campanulato ore an ncato, etit pubescente tubo calyce
multo longiori dimidio inferiori cylindrico dimidio superiori dilatato,
labio inferiori parvo oblongo concavo superiori parvo recurvato,
staminibus inclusis.
Habitat.—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. Carson (38 and 65 of
1893 collection).
Caulis 5-6 poll. longus. Folia radicalia 3-4 poll. longa, 9-12 lin.
lata. - Calyx 4 lin. longa. Corolla 4 lin. longa.
Very abnormal by its spicate inflorescence, truncate calyx, and corolla
tube longer than the calyx; also by its sub-acaulescent habit. Perhaps
it should rank as a new genus.
173. Moræa ventricosa, Baker pnta ; caule elongato mon ocephalo,
id
folio unico basali producto lineari glabro rigidulo venis un
foliis superioribus practeiformibus "etulem _vag inantibus, sp
magnis EA DN acutis i, Bod llis
i n
abortivo, segmentis omnibus obovatis obtusis longe unguiculatis,
xterioribus reflexis, ven paulo brevioribus erectis, stigmatis
appendicibus magnis o
Habitat. —F wambo, take. Tanganyika, A. Carson (37 of 1894
[eum
ormus ignotus. Caulis sesquipedali is. Folium productum bipedale,
3 lin. nn, Spathe valva interioris 4-4} poll. longa, 9-12 lin. lata.,
rier sey 2 poll. longum, segmentis ient supra medium 6-7
Xe allied to the Cape M. spathacea, Ker.
174. Giadiolus oligophlebius, Baker. [Iridee]; caule gracili -
SEA, "foliis productis circiter 5 linearibus elongatis glabris
graminoideis venis paucis remotis, pe ge 3. PR Oa paucifloris,
irid , perianthio
‘debits. io ie Lake "a Be Moi es 2 eae collection).
x ar ignotus. Caulis sesquipedalis. Folia pedalia et ultra, 4—5
lin. ‘Spathe 18-21 lin. longe. | Perianthii tubus 9-12 lin, longus;
lobi 231 poll. longi.
Near G. angustus, Linn., and G. Grantit, Baker.
74
175. Gladiolus caudatus, Baker [Irides]; caule" gracili elongato,
foliis productis 4—5 elongatis linearibus glabris graminoideis, spicis
laxis simplieibus paucifloris, spathe valva exteriori oblongo-lanceolata
longis insigniter imde superioribus multo majoribus, staminibus
limbe distincte brevi
Habitat. "olini: Lak’ Tanganyika, Carson (19 of 1893 collection).
Cormus ignotus. Caulis pedalis vel sesquipedalis. Lamina folii
6-12 poll. longa, 2-3 lin. lata. Spathe anm lin. longs. pdadone-tid
tubus 6-8 lin. longus ; lobi superiores 2 poll. longi.
Allied to G. m Linn., and G. cuspidatus, Jacq.
176. Gladiolus gracillimus, — [Iridėæ]; cormo parvo globoso
apice cancellato inferne fibris érassis mn vestito, eaule stricto
erecto gracillimo, foliis nie edge vaginantibus superioribus lamina
libera brevi: lineari-subulat a preditis, spicis "gimplidlins: meee secundis
paucifloris, spathe valva exteriori oblonga albo-viridi sa vel
cuspidata, perianthio parvo lilaeino, tibo břevi infundibulari; lobis
oblongis acutis tubo duplo longioribus inferioribus superioribus longiori-
bus, staminibus limbo distincte brevioribus
Habitat. —Fwambo, Lake are Y'üreon a 18 of 1893 collec-
tion)... ha ACH
ortis us semipollicaris, uper ue sardi dw
produeta folii deoa r3 es longa. » Spice 2-3. oat ue
Spathe onge. Perianthium pollicare.
A very oir small-flowered species, allied. to. the Cape. G. gracilis,
acq...
177. Gladiolus tritonioides, Sean [Irideæ] ; caule Song foliis 3—4
remotis inferioribus caulem vaginantibus superioribus lamina lineari brevi
rigida producta, spicis laxis E dbi simplicibus vel odds, spathze
valva exteriori. iau p MM MU lng nnea pteron pallida obtusa
membranacea, perianthio te purpureo, tubo brevi infundibulari, lobis
ovatis acutis appr abd pS dapi longioribus, staminibus limbo
distincte brevioribus
Y'a Var ona, Lake Tanganyika, Carson (37 of 1893 collection).
Cormus ignotus. Caulis 11-2 pus. Lamina producta folii
superioris 3-4 poll. longa. Spica 3-4. poll. longa. STIMMT the 8-12 lin.
longs. ec tubus 6 lin. longus; lobi pollicare
Connects Gladiolus and Tritonia. Ofthe species ot the former genus
it ihian tinh like G. brevifolius, Jacq.
178. Gloriosa Baker [Liliaces]; caulibus ed crebre
Carsoni, [
foliatis, folifs amplexicaulibus oblongo-lanceolatis apice acuminatis haud
cirrhiferis, floribus pluribus laxe corymbosis, pedunculis nudis rumes
vel arcuato apice stigmatoso Assis
" Habitat.—Fwambo, Lake Tanganyika, A. ; Carson (3 of 1894
collection).
— . Caulis sesquipedalis, _ Folia superiora ll. ee Perianthium
gm, samen supra edn © Ta hi
75
A very distinct novelty, with flowers like those of the finest forms of
G. virescens, Lindl., but style not deflexed at the base, stem short and
erect, and leaves not cirrhose at the ti ip. It would make a handsome
garden plant,
179. Tristachya decora, Stapf [Graminem]; panicula ovata vel
oblonga, interdum secunda, ramis gracilibus ad medium vel ultra erectis
deinde abrupte patulis vel deflexis et supra curvaturam setis albis
inzquilongis e tuberculis atris ortis dense barbatis, spieularum capitulis
sub anthesi ovatis, gluma I. lanceolata caudato-acuminata. secundum
nervos setis vel setarum fasciculis e tuberculis atris ortis albis patulis vel
deflexis ornata, gluma, II. ovato-lanceolata longe acuminata glabra,
gluma III. pr ecedenti simili setis utrinque 2 vel 3 brevibus exceptis
glabra, ejus palea anguste oblonga applanafa, gluma IV. oblongo-ovata
basi utrinque fasciculo pilorum et ad medium serie obliqua fasciculorum
ornata, ejus palea lanceolata acuta carinis cristatis inferne conniventibus
canaliculum includentibus
Habitat. —V wambo, dii A. Carson, 36.
icula; 4-6 poll. longa, 2-3 poll. lata.’ Capitula (aristis éxbiplis)
9 lin. a 3-4 lin. lata. Gluma I. 9 lin. longa, sete 3—4 lin. longs;
gluma I. et II. 6-7 lin., IV. 4-lin. longa; arista ad genu 4 lin., tota
10 lin. longa.
8 d is nearest allied to T. Jeucothriz, Trin., a species known
from Natal and the eastern part of the Cape Colony. It differs from it
mainly in the smaller pad broader heads of spikelets, the very Jong, and
stiff bristles of glume 1, the glabrous or almost glabrous glumes 2 and
3, the peculiar arra angement of the hairs of glume 4, and the shorter
awns, Glume 1 is rather firm and light brown Él whilst the tubercles
from which the white bristles spri ofa í secon
and bird days x Jiollowisb. brown, with gree anà prominent nerves,
ie r, and th E Li ANEA less marked. There
are no le: wit th tlie. specimens except one sheath. It is glabrous, and
beard at the mouth a dense line of short white hairs which represent the
ligula.
CCCCLII,—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
R MAJESTY THE QUEEN- has been graciously pleased to allow the
E excluding the publie from the Palace Meadow to be removed.
cee pies e of ground is about 4l acres in extent and when thrown
allow visitors a instead of a s Caii, dod to the
Yo part of be Arboretum. |
The Royal Gardens are 251 acres in extent. It is not ecticrally
understood that they were originally t the private property of the Crown,
and. not acquired out of. public funds. ‘The bvilding used for the
Herbarium and Library was sold to the nation by George IV. Access
to the remainder has been step by step c wc the public by the
liberality and munificence of Her, Majesty the
'The successive stages may be briefly Pci :—
The Botanic Garden, of Mya qi aie: Hooker was appointed
Director in 1841, comprised abo
To this was almost ueque y (1843, ) ) aed between 3 and 4 acres
about No. I. house, and the orangery (now No. III. Museum).
n after (1844), by permission of the i ot 47 acres, including
the pees 0 of water in hos of the Palm House, were added. from the
Pleasure Grounds for the formation of a Pinetum.
f
76
In 1846 the Royal Kitchen Gardens (14 acres) were abolished ; a
third of their ^en. (about 5 acres), called Methold's Garden (it having
originally belonged to Methold House, the Director's present official
abutting on the Richmond Road is now represented by the Herbaceous
. ground and the Propagating yard for e: purpose of which many of the
iced existing fruit houses are still in
1551, the intervening third, the Kitchen Garden and Paddock, in
ed arden. Th
and Gardens at Kew were in the occupation of the King of Hanover
for sporting purposes at the time the Botanic reid was given to the
nation. The woods were filled with rough serub for cover.
9th July 1845 they were placed in the char rge of Sir Ww illiam Hooker
by the Woods and Forests. The intention was that they should be
formed into a National Arboretum. A plan for the purpose was prepared
(1846) by W. A. Nesfield; the main features were carried out at the
time, and the general principle has been worked upon ever since.
30th March 1864 the Aboretum was finally thrown open to the public
every day of the year except Christmas Day.
The following letter records the terms on which Her Majesty the
has 1 ; to grant the further concession of access fe the
BOARD or Green LOTH to Her Masesty’s OFFICE or Works.
Board of Green Cloth,
ee eae Palace, S.W.,
Sim, February 15, 1895.
IN accordance with the representations made io the Lord Steward
on various occasions by the First Commissioner of Works, that access
the Meadow im front of Kew Palace would aire improve the
arrangements for admitting the public to Kew Gardens, I have recently
taken Her Majesty’s pleasure on — point, and am recie by the
Queen's commands to intimate to you Her Majesty's consent to cede to
your Department, for the use of tlie publie, the greater part of the
Meadow in question under the conditions which have been discussed
and. practically agreed to aha the two Departments, viz., that the
Office of Works will erect proper fencing to limit the admission of the
public, that the arrangement sh shall in no way prejudice the rights of the
Crown to deal in any manner it may deem fit with the land thus ceded
or any part of it, but shall be considered one strictly at the pleasure of
the Crown and terminable by it at any time; also that the Department
of Works wil- undertake to keep in suitable — all the grounds
attached to Kew Palace, and will further cause to be kept in order and
properly thinned the trees, shrubberies, ~ mibi in the grounds a ed
to the Queen's Cottage in Kew Garden
I further concur in the proposal as ices by plan as to the fencing
in Kew Meadow, prepared by your Department, with reference to the
foregoing arrangement, as forwarded in the letter from your Department
of the 4th instant.
: Yours truly,
The Right H (Signed) BREADALBANE,
; Herbert J. "Gladstone, MP. Lord Steward.
pec First C oinmisstoner i Works, &e. TI
7
Notizblatt des Königlichen botanischen Gartens und Museums zu
Berlin.— Berlin has paid Kew the compliment of establishing an organ
on the same lines and for the same purposes as the Kew in; that.
is to say, for recording noteworthy events in the establishments which
would otherwise attract little attention; for publishing the novelties in
small collections that are constantly arriving, and for developing a more
intimate connexion between the home and colonial botanical and horti-
cultural institutions. The first number contains a list of A most
ped plants recently introduced into the Berlin garden; experi-
ents in raising and cultivating plants, and con Kies to the
colonise; notes on plants cultivated in the colonies; diagnoses of new
of this kind can only result in benefit to similar establishments in other
countries and the aivaidtenent of botanical science and enterprise in
the wor
Botanical Magazine.— The number for February contains figures of
several plants of unusual interest. Musa Hillit, a native of Queens-
Quite recently, but too late for the Magazine, fruit - been produce
It is bright red, globose in shape, about an inch an alf in diameter,
re-discovered by Dr. Fritz Mueller. It was raised from Bs m
the Copenhagen Boíanie Garden. Richardia Pentlandii, a native of
Basutoland, is remarkable for the large size of its Sotal. leaves *
its spathes. r was drawn from E, ve
Ed
-
Mr. Scott-Elliot's Ruwenzori Expedition.— Nature for anite 5,
1891, gave an account, rescued from an figi periodical, of the
botanical results, slender enough it is true, but not without interest, x
iom Emin Relief Expedition, as described by Major Jephson. This w
sed on a small collection brought by Lieutenant Stairs from “a ‘high
altitude on the slopes of Ruwenzori or the Mountains of the Moon.
In 1893 Mr. Scott-Elliot, an accomplished botanist and distinguished
traveller, submitted to the Government Grant Committee of the
Cen rica. Board for Botany, Mr. Sc
Elliot a he investigation of Ruwenzori, and through = kind
aid of Sir John Kirk, such official facilities as were possible were
obtained on his behalf,
78
A letter dated beris; Mons 21,1894, was published in Mature
for October 4 of that year... Itraised.a high expectation that Mr. Scott-
Elliot. would. &nocead in thoroughly Jeet <beseines the flora. of this
interesting region
Mr. Scott-Elliot i is now on his way — sid the following letter i is
the Seip intelligence which has been received — this ah
tray í
Some account of Ruwenzori on which Mr. Sastt-Rittot had spent four
months is given by himself in Nature for qanay, 17, 1895, in a ied
dated TRS 2 of the praba year,
one it Mandala, Shire Higkliadi
DEAR. Si” 6 December. 1894.
I THINK I should report to you as to my movements since leaving
Ruwenzori. I was obliged to start south owing to my supply of cloth
running short and the impossibility of feeding my men.
I thought it would be. too foolhardy to attempt to cross Ruanda D E
which Thad 4 very bad reports from everyone, so determined to pursu
my original plan of trying to see if the Kagera river was navigable. ` 1
therefore crossed Mpororo and d this river from the e point where
‘turns eastward until T eet t that I was on the latitude of Tanganika.
TM int d ieross Urundi thè lake wh which I reached after great
TE ae natives ( ie sud "consisted of 40 men of whom
Arab dhows to to Marco; crossed the oath ett Road and came down to
Matope on the upper sh 3 steamer and boat. I was obliged to give
up my original idea of visiting the Livin bp Mountains on account
of blindness, the result of Tanganika us : - att
dysentery. It is only during the last few days that m
recovered sufliciently to enable me to botanise, and I have been reduced
to.trusting to matives for specimens. My collection now consists of
about 12,300 1 e m specimens. also have a fair
Ratinidti itsel?
I propose to stay hers a rare and - return home as my y health
x nos comple, recovered and my expenses are becoming’ ` very hi hea eavy
A ho ope my collections will reach home in good condition ; I am trying
to keep them with me but have thought it best to send them to Chiroma
at, present as the rains are coming on and i e 2 botanise on Milanje.
(Signe) nG F. Soorr-EtioT.
The Presiden
Government Grant Coot,
Royal Societ
Malayan Planís.—Dr. G. Kin ng has sent. another Ero of uem
representing the novelties of the continuation of his Materials for a
Flora of the..Malay Peninsula, These are chiefly Meliacee, which are
very nunierous in the peninsula ; but there are also many other noyelties)
: Hote oma to ‘the neiglibourin E fatilie ies. men ther. there -are. about
tians th ge Damsdsdo
79
a of Florida,—The first instalment of Mr. G. V. Nash’s: Florida
pie te comprising some 700 species, has been purchased. he
specimens ere. excellent, and were collected in the vicinity of Eustis in
Lake County. : ti^ adto :
Castleton Gardens, Jamaica.—The Bulletin of the Botanical Depart-
ment, Jamaica, for October—December, 1894, contains dM aga
tps on the plants cultivated in the Botanic Gardens a astleton.
serves both as a guide to the gardens and iod su useful information on
the plants otii goa A plan is added, s take where the plants may
be found, These gardens were established about 30 years ago in a
picturesque valley in the mountains between OR and Annotto
Bay. ‘They are 19 miles from Kingston, but, as Mr. Fawcett remarks,
*the drive there and back more than compensates for the distance."
The scenery along the. banks of the Wag-water river is probably the
most rc is and beautiful of any in the island, The elevation is
580 feet, with an annual mean temperature of 76° Fah. The annual
rainfall i is about 110 inches
The chief feature of the "ib en is undoubtedly its fine delinéen of
These thrive exceedingly well in the moist part of the locality.
across the garden paths, while others such as Bignonia magnifica,
species of Bauhinia, Colsdés tis racemosa, Dillenia indsca, Mesua fe
well supplied. ‘They serve as an excellent centre for the propagation
and distribution of such plants on the north side of the island, and large
quantities are also sent to the Hope Gardens and to Kin pem
The three best known rubber trees, Para-rubber (Hevea
brasiliensis), Central American rubber (Cas astillo a elastica), and Ceara
rubber (Manihot Glaziovii) have been E. ed for more than 12
f se ve
quantities es of seed are annually distributed in the island. Mr. Fawcett
a that the export of coffee from Jamaica ought soon to be
doubl
West African Mahogany.—An article on West African mahogany
(Khaya senegalensis) was published i in the Kew — 1890, p. 168.
several other trees supplied t frican mabogany now in commerce.
ames
expo es H
- “ Chire-ahkama,” and “ Odum.” Odum or Iroko (Kew Bulletin, 1891,)
is Chlorophora excelsa, Benth. Of the botanical identity of the other
Habes we have no authentic ‘tiation n.
80
The African mahogany trade was started as lately as 1886. Already
it has assumed such proportions (12,00 tons annually) that it has
seriously affected the important emet Jaen industries of British
Honduras and other — African timber is even finding its way
into the New World. The f osi pt on this qe t has appeared
in Garden and Forest for January 30, 1895, p.
a PP Southern Lumberman says that fis piby "gs from the west
= Africa have got as far as Louisville, Sica -= "o = it
seized upon the territory. The
with the somewhat reddish colour of the American variety, and some of
ood
as the true mahogany, and is end related toit.
a cabinet-wood as t ica ban m ibis but is more like
the Central dieit wood. Occasionally there are logs richly
iecur st these baro been manufactured here into very attractive
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,
Nos, 100, 101. | APRIL and MAY. [1895.
CCCCLIII.—SUGAR-CANE DISEASE IN BARBADOS.
The rind-disease in sugar-cane ( T'richos jspheria Sacchari, Massee) was
escribed in the Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 149. The rcot-disease
NaF Stamm vu Went) was discussed in Kew Bulletin, aan
ent investigation has shown that these are diffe
forms of one and: the same disease. The treatment of the fangsid ond
insect pests affecting sugar-cane in the West Indies was published in
Kew Bulletin, ie p. 167. Since that time the subject te ae
that ths d Hes ae been done to meet the danger which seriously
Sa fa he sugar industry in the West Tides The latest in-
rmatic and i -— contained in a Report of s Commission appointed
M.G
any other pest affecting the sugar-cane.
the grub of a moth (Chilo saccharalis), figured in Kew Bulletin, 1892,
p. 153; i DR described with remedial measures in Kew Bulletin,
1894, pp. 1
From this ferite the following extracts are taken :—
Tue Rinp Funes.
In riding round the margin of a a i canes infected with the aia i
ungus are first noticed by dark nadie rown marks, in one or two
joints towards the middle or i cane. These marks are
easily distinguished from sun-burn Gor use of their diffused « c
indistinct edges, and by its being evident that they are not mere sarfäte
stains, but that the tissues beneath are affected. This “ Red P " on
the canes is first noticed in July, and from October onwards gradually
becomes more and more abundant up to the time of the ripening of the
canes. It is by no means found only in poor looking canes, dh is often
resent in fine looking plants. This red patch having made its appear-
ance, rapidly spreads upwards and do wnwards, the infected area Y Jarka
in paee and is evidently rotten. Little black specks make their
appeara e, breaking from the inside to the surface of the cane, being
the cane between the joints, finally the cane shrivels and dries u
U 86845. 1375.—6/95. Wt. 308. À
82
The result of this disease is that canes which if they had remained
healthy would have given a large yield of rich juice, are found to be
rod valueless, and so far from themselves yielding sugar, their
nce amongst crushed canes actually leads to a marked deterioration
of t the j juice and of the sugar manufactured therefrom, as well as t
pee nil in the quantity of the sugar obtained.
This disease is present in probably every canefield in the island, and
the wal eo of 1894 is clearly fou nd to be very seriousl ish
y it. And your Commissi ce have formed, after ‘the most careful
consideration, the very disquietirg opinion that if it be left unchecked
the cultivation of the sugar-cane will be rendered unprofitable, and
therefore extinct in this island. ith the presi outlook as regards
remain the staple of the island, large crops must be maintained at a
minimur cultivation cost, and this cannot Dy be accomplished: in
the presence of any serious amount = disease
Rinp FuNGvS AND Motu BORER.
From the appearance it would seem that the rind disease in at all
events a large number of cases started from the burrow of the Moth
er. It would seri tC Debido -up to say December in each
year the dia makes an entrance into the cane at spots injured Mo ed
—— ee which bt therefore be looked “upon as a very seri
pest.
From January onwards, however, an increasing n aue of canes will
S found attacked by rind fungus, and without any signs of Borer what-
From a careful examination of such canes it would appear that
the attack had started from the middle or base of the cane as the fungus.
is most mature there, first sending out the black specks (which are
exterminate the Moth Bore
Root Funeus.
us red present we leave the subject of rind fungus to deal | with
that of “root fungus” so called ; specimens of which ;have also been
D arid reported upon by Mr. Massee, who determined it to be a
fungus known as Colletotrichum falcatum, a species recently described
Dr. Went as injuring the canes at Java.
emen m eei of this disease, as far as we have examined it, are
m 2 It was at first confined for the most part to the higher red ow
of St. John, wr only appeared in small patches in a Ms Aa
~ “other places but has since spread i in Prt gh all over the island. -
" "d
83
(2.) The geil of this disease is that the canes appear to receiv
check in their growth about June and July after planting ; tlie
. plant dvitidice down, fresh basal shoots are formed to supply the
plaee of the dying ones, but notwithstanding e: it is ultimately
found that growth has been arrested and no cane formed; and if
the plant be dug up the roots are nearly all eid; and those that
are still living are dotted over by little red spots. The dead roots
are also often covered by m
(3.) Such canes yield Wen Am es sugar, and the crop of a thoroughly
diseased field is practically nothing.
(4.) There seems to be some resemblance between this disease and the
Sereh of Java. In the latter disease we have the same retardation
of growth, and shortness of joints, a great number of dead roots, an
attempt to throw out new shoots from the stool to replace those
above that are dead. In Sereh, as in the St. John's disease, there
is a — dying away of the plant after the commencement of the
rainy s
e one characteristic Ae] of Sereh is the presence of &
gelatinous substance, slime or gum, in © fbro-vasculr bundles of the
cane, giving the parts i ataei a red co Giod
It has been finally decided at Kew that Colletotrichum falcatum,
Went, is imply one phase in the life history of Z'richospheria Sacchari,
Mass., and that the phenomena above described are the effects of that
particular phase of the disease.
SELECTED CANE FIXIS
s difficult to form a poc one with regard to the part
payed by by. Vaekegon au selected cane plan a romans rind fungus.
so evel in the life " the cane that it is difficult to
suppose ut careless selection has been the direct cause of the presence
of fungus spores. It is osi equally difücult to speak with regard to
the propagation of Moth Borer. This insect, as well as the fungus,
appears to be more prevalent in the low than in the high lands, and it
may be that the better shelter from winds in the former districts enables
it to settle more effectively and prevents dispersion. On the other hand,
in recent years it often happens on every estate that a larger or smaller
number of cane plants fail to germinate or die off almost immediately
after gorminat on.
At all events, in some cases this is due to diseased we and it seems
Brécoditiply ens that the high gie of supplies on some estates
has been partly due to that cause. The disease is sometimes due to the
Moth Borer and sometimes due to fün s. In this connexion an
ET 3 ng experiment is recorded by a planter of this island, Mna
Keni Keni plants selected carefully by labourers from a diseased feld,
8 y ,000
These instances, in our opinion, show one of the effects of planting ng
diseased canes, another effect being, according to Kew experiments, to
produce the root form of the disease.
The perar selection of plants has been urged not only in Barbados
ut in every cane-growing country where disease has led. to careful
investigation, and the practice “of indiscriminate selection of plants
A 2
84
CHANGE OF VARIETIES OF SUGAR CANES.
Has the continual propagation of one variety led to wipe m
There is no evidence upon this point beyond the impression left b
circumstances. ‘The production of plants from seeds possesses advan-
tages of maintaining vitality, of adaptability to surrounding conditions,
and of wang itself to tos e produ - ion of new qualities.
Genera ience i i ws, on the one hand, that a
the most reliable kind to show that iet are several varieti ca
Barbados (including some seedling canes) which possess a striking
though not complete immunity to fungoid attac
The fo owing biological consideration leads to the same view, that
where one variety of plant is cultivated to the practical exclusion of all
others, that all the parasites of that plant. per hh the very best conditions
or their continuous propagation and increase. Or te reduce thi
enerality to our special case, that continuing to plant the Bourbon cane
is to provide a continuous supply of material for the rind fungus to
grow and increase upon. Change the variety, and the parasite exists
with much greater diffieulty or has to change its habits.
The fact that both the rmd fungus and the root fungus are so much
less liable to attack certain varieties of the cane other than Bourbon
cannot fail to be a fact of immense value.
ommission after very careful inquiry not x found that
d
certain varieties of canes strongly withstand both root and rin
fungus, but the record also shows that at all events in some places
ties are very profitable to cultivate, and y /ommission
ich proves thc fitted for it. During the last few T hie the
which attack the Bourbon sugar-cane have steadily increased in amount,
and the history of like cases points to the belief that "this increase will
go on and not abate until some very serious measures are adopted; and
amongst them we consider the cultivation of new varieties as one of the
most promising. With the res prospect as regards price of sugar
the whole industry can only exist by the tende economy in cultivation
and manufacture; and with any serious amount of disease, cultivation
must cease to be profitable. Undoubtedly if the progress o of the riri
. disease in Barbados eannot be checked, the island is Sor :
And all considerations ufi to the conclusion that the whole frt
must be ready to abandon if necessary the cultivation of the Bourbon
variety. Your Commission ee that every estate should be
by having such an amount of cane varieties planted as will serve
to supply, if occasion darai a cesar of plants to plant the whole
estate in those varieties.
SERIOUS CHARACTER OF THE ATTACKS OF THE Motu Borer.
Moth Borers of one kind or nra have been recognised as destroyers
in every sugar-producing country; in India, Mauritius, Java, and other
East Indian islands; in Queensland, Louisiana, and all over the West
Governm on, was of this nature, and your Commission have
the conclusion that Diatrea Saccharalis is by far the most
serious insect this island, and in the months of October to
upon the Seen have held the view that this inest was the parasite
most to be fea
Of all nie enemies of the sugar-cane the Moth Borer is certainly
the most serious one in Barbados. It attacks all varieties of caues and
hence is not only constantly exposing them to the attack of "fangi or
bacteria, but would in many cases carry the very sporesinto its burr ows,
besides which, the injury suffered by any cane by the actual attack at
least leads to impoverished juice, if not to actual death of the plant.
A glance at any of the literature of the cane diseases will convince any
to checking the spread of this pest d a very interesting compilation
upon the subject was made by Mr, T. D. A. Cockerell, late of Jamaica
e of Rev. L. Guilding has not to the presen been
i is the most destructive and common
insect en of the sugar-cane. As Mr. Cockerell remarks, “no one
can doubt c that i in these days of severe competition, when sugar is by
means as profitable as — a comparatively small gain or loss,
much less than that enumerated by Mr. Van n Patten, may make all =d
difference between success and failure.” The same insect-
also say that the application of insecticides as manures to the soil is is
not applicable to the present case “as the life history of Diat
Saccharalis is well known and there is no reason to suppose that at wy
= it lives in the soil.”
REMEDIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS.
i That a — EE committee of planters and obe. who
interest of the [sland as proprietors and attorneys, and
whi are divise to emet measures, be appointed to see that these
measures are carried out.
2. That from this central committee the planters from each parish,
out.
re MES all plants belote Seay be be soaked in Queensland solution*
solution which the Island Professor of Chemistry, with the
nT of the central committee, certifies to be equally efficacious.
* One pint of carbolic acid to 160 gallons of water.
86
. That wherever deemed possible by the sub-committee the practice
of spreading ag around young canes be given up; and that wherever
it be resorted to only trash from a field which has been inspected by the
sub-committee =a declared healthy, or as healthy as possible, be
employed.
5. The rotten canes on all fields diseased with rind fungus —
* root Kors should be burnt on the field, or crushed and burned a
herein-before mentioned. In fields diseased «m. root fungus the
stumps should be dug. nps the mould shaken off, and be allowed to dry
and be burned or burie
6. That rotten canes on all fields be Fg ael burned during the
Juicy ones could be first crushed and the megass burned, the
Aii being bo
T I
8. That sale estate put such an area under the so-called hardy
varieties of cane plants as St ¥ suffice to re-plant the whole of the estate
in eid varieties if necessary.
9. That when root fungus has Nen its appearance, rattooning for
the present should be g dually given
10. That the be riolica V with a view to
cutting out canes. pos orer or fungus, which canes should be
bagged upon t e spot and taken away, iia and burned.
meer WEL of crops should be especially 1 Midi to in the case agf
Todt
Gro x C. Piz, “ing
Piada” " the MEAN A
The following documents carry on the history of the subject :—
Nore by Mr. Masskkz on the meteo Mags gt Trichospheria
a "e Sacchari, —
Specimens of diseased sugar-cane were sent to Kew i in 1878 from
Porto Rico for investigation. These were submitted to the Rev. M. J.
Berkeley, who gave the MS. name of Darluca melaspora to the fungus
present on the canes. The fungus was afterwards very briefly described
under Berkeley's name by Cooke in Nuovo Giornale Bot., vol. x., p.26
(187 8), who incorrectly gave the locality as Australia instead of Porto
ico. ceardo has added to the confusion by changing the name to
scour iie melas. RAA bu In Keine Cooke's diagnosis —
disher (Bul de France, f XL, D 4/9, 1895), Toro
fallen into the adi of “considering the Melanconium | stage
A igi d pr Mas , to onymous with Co Àyrium
: be
m (Berk.) Sac Bramination of Berkeley’s type specimen
GOVERNOR OF BARBADOS to Dodduaan OFFICE.
Government koa Barbados,
My Loss Manqugss 9th February 1895.
x irm reference to your ea s ys Death 3 No. 131, of the
Decem ue Të ‘last, respect ng the acti £ Assembly wi with
8T
regard to the Bill dealing with the sugar-cane diseases, T have the
honour to state that having brought to its notice your a
cor ndence with the Governor of rmm it was resolved :
proceed further with the proposal to obta the services of an mete
and the joint committee of both branches. E the Legislature to which
my- draft Bil had been referred, after due deliberation, with slight
modifications adopted it. I anticipate ru i will be considered by the
House of Assembly at its next meeting, and enclose a copy for peni
Lordship's information.
2. I also transmit a copy of S M rendered by Mr. Bovell at my
request, on the fungus disease amongst ng canes, which I regret to say
Par rs to be still E d dide in forwarding ES to the iced
I ave once again invited serious attention ther
-3.- As bein ng germane tothe subject, I Bowie pum: & copy of the
report of a commission nominated by me in January 1893 ‘to inquire
into and report on the best means for =F ee the Borer and other
which are-in the main embodied in the draft Bill dealing with the
question.
The Most Hon. (Signed) y J. Js Hay.
The Marquess of Ripon, K.G.,
&e. &e. &c.
[Enelosure.] |
Report on the SucARn-CANE Founeus (Trichospheria Sacchari,
-U = Mass.) at present existing in the IsLAND.
Although I knew of the existence of what is known as the root
TEES one of the forms of the poles nee erie Sacchart,
had obtained permission to plant a' hardy oa of the
sugar- FEA in a badly affected field on Henley estate, in the parish of
ohn, so as to ascertain whether the hardier varieties would he
o
matter with certain holes of canes in a field, some of which were dying.
and from. that time onwards the two forms of the fi angus have spread
rapidly until now, ert 1895, there is hardly an estate Bch is
more or less a
2, Jn many instances so badly has the disease attacked the canes that
instead of an. aere giving from two to nogahiedti of sugar it will
require many acres, to give one hogshead
3. Since my return to the colony I ia not as yet, owing to press
I work, been able to visit the whole island, = in the parishes that
1 have been, viz, St. Philip, prd ore St. eorge, and portions of
disease than there was at this time last year. Owin ng to the dry
weather experienced during the earlier part of last year the stems of the
88
canes have been in a great measure protected by the leaf-sheaths up to
a later period than is usually the case, consequently so many canes
have not yet been killed by the rind fungus as there were at this time
last year, but it is now greatly on the increase, On the other hand,
there is very much more root disease apparent ; this is, in my opinion,
due in a great measure to the spores of the rind fungus being worked
into the soil in the process of cultivating it, and to, in many instances,
plants containing the fungus being used for replanting the estates. On
some of the estates where I knew the tops of canes affected with rind
fungus were used as plants last December year, the fields are now, as
was to be expected, badly diseased. On the other hand, it is with
sites x is a marked sae and if all the pinarvers were to
has been neni uecessful on the estates to which I refer, I Pace vot
the slightest doubt et that in a few years the disease will have nearly,
if not dry disappeared, but so long as there are M rs who take
plants from diseased canes, as some have done up to quite mane
so long will the disease continue to give trouble, and occasio
cil qdcw endgab Lett ash: St Sapna) Joun R. BovELr
Dipakena.
The Bill was thrown out in the cea — March 26, by
the casting vote of the President, Sir George P
CCCCLIV.—RAFIA FROM WEST AFRICA.
In the Kew Bulletin for 1891, pp. 1-5, an account is given of West
African bass fibre, prepared from the base of the leaves of the Bamboo
palm (Raphia vinifera). Since that time African bass has become a
recognised article of commerce. The price at first was about 427. per
ton; it rose to 56/. per ton, but latterly, in competition with similar
fibre from the Palmyra palm, the Kitool, and the original bass lini
in Brazil, known as Para and Bahia piassaba, i it has been quoted at 207.
to 302. per ton. eem at the latter price it supports a eRitisidérable
industry in West Afric
It appears prótubur "that the Bamboo palm may be made available
also for other uses. A strong, useful material known as Raphia o
Rafia is shipped to x country fr from Madagascar. According to the
Rev. Richard Baron, F.L.S. A ew ri ves p- an it is ——
* from the young “unopened leaves of the Raphia
Ruffia, Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii., p. 217 "eR. peduneuiate, G )is is
confined to Madagascar. [t is widely spread in the island, chiefly in
valleys, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. It is also found abundantly
along the coast. The get leaves are 20 to 30 feet in length, with
numerous narrow leaflets, varying from 24 to 5 feet long. a i
a peeling off the cuticle (with some of the underlying fibro-
vascular bundles) on one or both sides of the leaf. It is used locally for
delicate plaited and woven fabrics, cloths, and hats, as well as for mats
Ett mo id. wrapping up goods. More rectis ie lone
89
woven into superior matting, tastefully coloured, and used instead of
tapestry for covering walls in London houses. The loose strips of Rafia
are in demand in this country and elsewhere in place of Russian or Cuban
bast as tie-bands by gardeners and nurserymen. For the latter purpose
the strips are usually loosely plaited in hanks 1} to 3 pounds in weight,
made up into bales weighing ll to 5} cwt. -Each strip is a w
coloured flat band about 4 feet ong, and about j to 3 inch wide, but
capable of — division into fine threads.
Owing to the French expedition to Madagascar, Rafia has eee
shown an advan in price. It was sold recently at 45s. per c
Apart from this, 9 there is apparently a steady demand and a
«d
Ed
ia Ruffia is clos ical
Africa. If the supply of Rafia from Madagascar were greatly reduced
or cut off, it is very probable that within a short time it woul
possible to obtain an almost identical article from West Africa. One
of — on notices of a Rafia from this part of Africa is contained in the
Rep y Mr. C. F. Cross, F.1.C., on the War opt Fibres shown at
sin Colonial and Indian Exhibition 1886. Mr. Cross mentioned that this
Was so closely similar to Rafia “as to be — to piai the same
uses.” The following particulars were given :
“ Grass (epidermal strips of Raphia vinifera). Exhibited by Mr. A.
Sibthorpe in the Sierra Leone Section, with specimens of straw plait
illustrating its more aiil application by the natives. This specimen
also proved itself on analysis to be worth the attention of paper makers.
The following determinations were made :—
Moisture - - werte 9:8 per cent. — $n
aua 2 ? 5 : . Lr "s um : P ain vf 3 y
Cellulose pene aruis SOTO- y
Ultimate fibres. Length - - T'S to 2°5 mm.
n
* [ have received from Messrs. Joynson satisfactory reports upon the
papers made from the Rafia strips exhibited in the West African Section.
were treated by the (basic) sulphite process, and bleached to a
olour. The paper was reported to be of ey strength,”
[ Colonial and Indian Exhibition Reports, pp. 379, 385.]
Small shipments cf West African Rafia hav e already been made to
this country. It was, however, badly prepared, dd the results were not
satisfactory. The strips were too short, and they reached their destina-
tion curled up so as to resemble very fine twine. It is necessary the
strips should be Ll strong, of good length, and dried perfectly flat.
Some of the | r Rafia is about 34 to 4 ft. long. Very
exceptionally it is y ft. long. This ios that the long leaflets in the
90.
middle of the frond are Set i used and the shorter ones discarded.
West African Rafia, to replace the Madagascar fibre, must be as long as
possible, with a width of about j to 3 in., but none less than 4 in
If the Bamboo palm (Raphia shaper does not afford the best
material for Rafia strips, it is possible some other — may do so.
The West African Raphias so far known are as follows :
— Raphia vinifera, Beauv. — Bamboo palm. Abundant in West i Africa,
extending also to central tropical Afri rica, where it, was
Schweinfurth. Its distribution in Lagos is thus described by Sir ‘Alfred
Moloney ( Kew seat 1891, p. 3) :--
“The ‘Bamboo’ palm (Raphia RE is perhaps the commonest
tree in the swamps ome low lands w ne the waterways of the
colony, see? thickets of these e traverse only by the palm-
wine gatherer or the. bamboo cutter, push their way into the lagoons,
and extend e um flood grounds, and even ^ a distance of from 1
to — up the river-valleys into the interior. The area occupied by
sea coast. Over i oe sta about. ooo square € they form a
considerable prop sion of t next UA in numbers. to the
vis. Panton an ‘the N [angrove a mucro-
e fact that one can steam for mies, as I have Mite ns
ea uninterrupted Raphia impresses one
extent of the acreage which must be phase by this graceful vals" ge the
Haphia Hookeri, Mann and Wendl.—The Ukot of Old Calabar,
where it is cultivated as a wine palm. The natives also Ier
cloth from the epidermis of the leaflets. On the Sherboro, in Sierr
Leone, they make hamniocks from it, as well as all sorts of basket work:
mats, &c. This is one of the largest of the Raphias, the whole plant
often attaining a height of 70 feet. The fronds are 40 feet long, with
leaflets 4 to 5 feet long. If in other respects eei this should yield
Rafia fibre as fone as the best from Madagasca
Raphia heath i, M. and W Apparent conte to the Spanish
Island of Fernando Po, in the Gulf of Guinea. It grows from. the
shore up to 500 "feet above the level of the sea
Raphia longiflora, M. and. W.—The only pem given. = Mann
or this. species is the island of Corisco, off the French Colony. of
Galion: This palm is 40 to 5 O feet high, with fronds 33 feet long.
The leaflets are 5 to 51 feet ares and 2 to 24 in. wide, A figure,
showing the aad habit, is given in Trans, Linn. Soc. xxiv., t. 39.
Raphia Welwitschi, Wendl.—AÀ new iiid colleeted by Dr. Wel-
witsch, in Angola. It grows in humid places on the rivers in the in-
teri ially in the distriet of daduse. epidermis of the
leaflets is u the natives in the of cloths, &e.
manufacture
AR. textilis, Welw. Apont., 584, n. 2, yielding also — filaments; is
apparently a closely allied plant
Epidermal strips, somewhat similar to Rafia, are available from
many species of CUm notably the Cocoa-nut palm and the Palmyra
palm. Specimens of these aro in the Kew Museum. A variety of the
. Palmyra palm, hinder in various districts under the native names of
.. Morintshi, Kelingoos, Run, and Sibboo, is well known to be abundant
in West Tropical Africa. - "The epidermal strips f. from the segments of its
91
fan-shaped leaves could, no doubt, be produced quite as long as those of
ihe Madagascar Rafia.
While suggesting these other sources, it would be well, heme eio
confine attention at first to the Rafia palms, and especially: i in — of
the fact that they form, as in the colony of Lagos, the
vegetation over immense tracts of eountry.
The commercial position with regard i Rafia fibre is given v below by
Messrs. Ide and Christie. It will be noticed that particular duelo is
drawn to the fact that Erie shipments of West African Rafia
failed. because : strips were too short, and not — in the flat
broad condition characteristic pr the Madag ascar fibre. Too much
per Pier
Messrs. IDe and CHRISTIE to ROYAL Garpens, Kew. cocog
72, Mark Lane, London, E.C.,
DEAR Sig, 4th March 1895.
Yours of the 2nd instant, with sample of West African Rafia,
hand, This we have seen once or twice d and sold with diffi -
culty, being very inferior to the Madagascar. The former is very short
and hairy, not long and broad 2 the latter, and would - a to be
— from much smaller leave
return your specimen dipag; with a piece of the usual Madagascar,
Whilst the latter is available the trade "n a: ha a —
African at aboot he price. tities
$i inna Chi Dit " i “(Signed)” mes ‘dad Cmusrm.-
ei : vclit d NI Le. xi mro flle
The. following account of the production of Rafia fibre has been
published in the United States’ Consular. Reports: for. April 1894.
It w Mapesgese? by Mr. Edw. Telfair pisi" the. United Staten; Consul
at Tam i
` iif Palm Fibre.
‚natives cut. ink new leaves from the tree after they have obtained a
height of some seven feet, and have jus a ee A, to spread or.open.
Two new leaves always sprout out Manes usly from each. tree and
from the same sheath. ` In appearance and gracefulness, a fully —
Rafia palm leaf is ad between the leaf. of the cocoanut palm and
the plume of the ost rich.
After removal from the tree the leaves are separated, the leaf spears
or feathers being cut away from the oti leaf stalk or large centre
producers of Rafia fibre, because they are the main consumers of the hy
products, making their finer fish nets from the small centre rib or spine
92
that runs down the middle of each leaf spear. The entire native popu-
lation use the si stalk or large centre rib in all their building and
rt [o ti
The first joedt of mpm in Ec these leaf spears into the
of commerce, consists the oval, with a very small sharp
knife, of the centre ribs of Wis a spears. "These ri divide each spear in
‘half. Each of these halves of leaf flesh are then stripped of their under
covering, which, in the closed condition of the spear is, for the momen
the outside. This removal is readily accomplished by making a small
cut. across the leafy flesh above mentioned, about one inch from the
base. fibre, which exists in the shape of a vegetable film or
covering on the under side of the leaf spear, is pressed up and loosened
with the knife, and, being caught between the thumb and said point, is
Tipped off at one pull. The same thing is done with the other half of the
spear flesh E merely reversing the same in the other hand and repeating
the opera Practice makes the process a simple, perfect, and rapid
- Toma can readily strip, per day, what will yield some five
pounds of Rafia. It must be understood that the men cut the Rafia
leaves and carry them to their homes; the women do the rest. They,
however, rarely strip more than what would yield two pounds o
because the fibre is partly accomplished the afterncon of
.the same day that it is stripped from the spear flesh.
ae eee of whitish fibre thus secured, ranging from 2 to 4 feet and
over a spread out mats in the sun to dry in loose
bunc n partly dry, they are knotted into one d bunches
and spread, ally upon t e roof edges of small sheds or outhouses, to
finish curing, and are most carefully guarded against rain or dew. In
three days of good sun drying the Rafia is me for market
regret to say that, owing to the cupidity of the natives and traders,
much the larger portion is marketed after only one day's vg The
greener the fibre the heavier the weight ; hence the temptation
ere is no particular time for preparing, cutting, or curing Rafia.
is a constant one, harvested to suit the wants or appetites of
the natives, being received in the seaport towns at all times and seasons,
weather permitting its transport, and shipped as shortly after: receipt as
ssible e roughly stated that fully 50 per cent. of
the ; oun g Rafia palm trees are annually destroyed in this way, and but
for its remarkable hardiness, ready growth, and the ease with which
it is propagated, this fact alone would mean its speedy and total ex-
tinction. Within four years, local Malagasy laws have been promul-
gated forbidding this terrible destruction. Yet it still exists, but in a
surreptitious manner; or whenever they crave rum, cloth, or vazaha
finery, for which Rafi fibre alone can be bartered.
s one of the most staple of Madagascan products,
finding a an even more ready market than rubber or caoutchouc. Th
rice in Tamatave, = we mi = a ine on meis as the cost of
putting on board in quantity is a ominal one, ranging from 5 to 9
cents for A I Rafia while red Rafia imil} beii about 2 cents per
pound less than the A 1 white. . . Practically, every one doing
business in Madagascar buys —— either for speeulation, in barter for
goods; on commission, or as agen
kw
CCCCLV.—DIAGNOSES AFRICANA, V.
OLEACEX.
Auctore J. G. Baker.
180. Jasminum Smithii, Baker, ramulis gracilibus glabris, foliis
oppositis simplicibus ovatis vel oblongis obtusis subcoriaceis breviter
petiolatis, floribus 1-3 terminalibus breviter pedicellatis, calycis tubo
campanulato giabro, dentibus 6 subulatis tubo paulo wipe
coroll: tubo cylindrico, lobis 10 lanceolatis tubo duplo brevioribus
Habitat.— Mount Kilimanjaro, Lieut. C. S. Smith.
Folia i longs e e nm Calycis tubus 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus
12-13 lin. lon
181. Jasminum microphyllum, Baker; erectum vel sarmentosum,
ramulis dense pubescentibus, foliis oppositis Se ovatis firmulis
acutis dorso pubescentibus, floribus 1-3-nis terminalibus, calycis tubo
campanulato dentibus lanceolatis tubo rini corolle albz tubo
cylindrico, lobis 8—10 lanceolatis tubo duplo brevioribus.
Habitat.— Angola, province of Huilla, alt. 3800—5500 feet, Welwitsch,
32.
Folia 9-12 lin. longa. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 9 lin.
ongus.
182. Jasminum obtusifolium, Baker ; ramulis pütescnnbat foliis
simplicibus oppositis oblongis obtusis brevissime petiolati b
pu ubescentibus, io DN oris — us pedicellis b j
campan ntibus lanceolatis tubo peer re corolle tubo
eniti lobis 7-8 faticsblatie tubo duplo brevioribus. :
Habitat.—Banks of the Niger at Yomba and Kawgaw, Barter.
Folia 12-18 lin. Jonga. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 12-15
lin. longus.
Baker; sarmentosum, ramulis gracilibus
Habitat.—Angola, province of Golungo Alto, alt. 1000—2400 feet,
Welwitsch, 926.
Folia 2-3 poll. longa. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus polli-
184. Jas minum brachyscyphum, Ba ker ; — glabris, foliis sim-
to dentibus subulatis tubo duolo brevioribus, corolle tulo
aaa, lobis 5-6 oblongo-lanceolatis tubo brevioribus.
Habitat.—Shiré Highlands, Zambesi-land, Buchanan.
- Folia 1-2 poll. sa Calyx 3 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 9 lin.
longus; lobi 6 lin. longi
94
185. Jasminum Kirkii, Baker ; ramulis gracilibus dense pubescen-
tibus, foliis oppositis simplieibus oblongis brevissime petiolatis dor
subtiliter WE cymis terminalibus 1-2-floris, pedicellis brevis-
simis, calycis tubo campanulato dentibus lanceolatis tubo squilongi
corolle tubo yHitidelab; lobis 6—7 lanceolatis tubo brevioribus.
Habitat.—Zambesi-land at m and between m and ne
Sir John Kirk.
“Folia 1-1} poll. longa. Calys 2 tin. -— Corolle tubus g M
longus; lobi semipollicares.
B,
86. Jasminum stenodon, Baker; ramulis Mem glabris, e
Stirn — ovatis obtusis glabris breviter petiolatis basi lat
is, eymis terminalibus 3-4-floris, floribus distincte pedicellstia,
aie. m: eampanulato dentibus subulatis tubo Wu so mo corollae
albæ tubo cylindrico, lobis 9-10 — tubo — brevioribus
Habitat —Angola, Monteiro.
Folia 1}-2 poll. longa. Calyx 3 lin. longus, Corolle tubus polli-
caris.
187. Jasminum obovatum, Baker ; antosan ramulis dense
pubescentibus, foliis oppositis abe superioribus obovatis cuspi-
ie ioribus ovatis brevissime petiolatis, cymis pauciflori nies VAS a
libus et axillaribus, icellis
dentibus tubo mena corolle tubo elongato gracili, jenes rud
linearibus tubo brevioribus
.-Habitat.—Angola, province of Pungo Andongo, alt. 2400-3800 feet,
We ZEE 928
Folia 2-3 É longa. nen 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus polli-
caris et ultra ; lobi 9 lin. longi
188. Jasminum Welwitschii, Baker ; late “sarmentosum, ramulis
PADCA, foliis oppositis simplicibus ovatis vel oblongis dorso
pubescentibus superioribus acutis basi rotundatis inferioribus obtusis
subcordatis brevissime petiolatis, cymis paucifloris terminalibus,
is brevibus, calycis tubo campanulato dentibus lanceolatis tubo
re brevioribus, corolla albæ tubo splenis lobis 5-6 tubo distincte
ioribus.
Habit. tat.— Angola, province of Pungo Andongo, alt. 2400-3800 feet,
Welwitsch, 927.
: Folia 1-2 poll. longa. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 8-9 lin.
longus.
189. Jasmin longpipes, Baker rmentosum, ramulis
gracillimis emm foliis Marre Boposiün vel inferioribus
alternis oblongis acutis firmulis dorso leviter pubescentibus, petiolo brevi.
piloso, cymis paucifloris te orans vel axillaribus, pedicellis gracilli-
mis elongatis, calycis tubo subcylindrico, dentibus linearibus tubo
ibus, corollæ tubo eylindrico lobis 9-10 lanceolatis tubo distincte
oribus.
D aee Porn a of Mus Alto, E 100042400 feet,
95
Folia 13-3 poll. longa. poe 4 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 9 lin.
longus ; lobi 6 lin. longi.
inum angolense, Welw. herb.; Baker ; Dui fruti-
parvis
subulatis tubo longioribus, corolle extus purpurez. intus albide tubo -
cylindrico, lobis 9-10 lanceolatis tubo æquilongis. ;
Habitat.— Angola, province of Loanda, Welwitsch, 924.
d 9-12 lin. longa. Calyx 3-4 lin. longus. Corolle tubus
pU
191. Jasminum olewcarpum, Baker; ramulis glabris,. foliis oppositis .
simplicibus ovatis acutis membranaceis glabris breviter petiolatis, cymis
paucifloris terminalibus, pedicellis brevibus, calycis tnbo campanulato
dentibus subulatis tubo Jangioribnb, corolla tubo cylindrico, lobis 8-9 :
lanceolatis tubo æquilong
Habitat —Banks of ^s Rovuma river and on the Zambesi at Senna
and Tette, Sir John Kirk.
Folia 12-18 lin. longa. Calyx 3 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 9 lin.
longus.
asminum Walleri, Buker; ramulis gracilibus | subtiliter
pubescentibus, foliis oppositis simplicibus oblongis acutis membranaceis
lu m
ia maul
“ Habitat.—Manganja hills, Rev. H. Wa üler. Oh the Zambesi at
Tette and Magomero Mission Station, Sir John Kirk.
Folia 1-3 poll. longa. Calyx 3 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 9 lin.
longus.
193. Jasminum ternifolium, Baker ; ramulis leviter patentia,
foliis ternis "simplicibus. oblongis vel ovatis acutis glabris subcoriaceis
onmi vt m densifloris pr terminalibus, pedicellis
brevis pubescenti tiä; calyeis dentibus ovatis ne
Habitat. — land, Dr. Sidi.
Folia inci = longa, petiolo 4-6 lin. longo. Calyx 1j lin. longus.
Corolla ignota.
194. Schrebera Buchanani. Baker ; arbor erecta, ramulis gracilibus
Rmo, foliis oppositis Su nd oblongis obtusis subcoriaceis:
facie glabris dorso praesertim ad costam pubescentibus, net ignotis,
fructu yriformi, valvis lignosis, seminibus ovoideis ala lata chartacea.
Habitat.—Shiré Highlands, Buchanan. Native name Makan-
gunola,
Folia 1-2 dw longa. Capsula 15-18 lin. longa, 1 poll diam.
Semina pollicaria
96
LOGANIACEJE,
Auctore J. G. Baker.
195. Mostuea Walleri, Baker ; fruticosa, ramulis dense pubescentibus,
foliis oblongis : obtusis vel subaeutis brevissime petiolatis ne cuneatis
dorso ad ven ispidis, stipulis ovatis acutis parvis, cym floris
plerisque terminalibus, pedicellis hispidis, calycis hispi idi dentibus .
lanceolatis tubo longioribus corolle albe tubo late infundibulari, lobis
ovatis tubo æquilon
Habitat. ata on the top of Moramballa, alt. 3000 feet,
Rev. H. Waller.
Folia a: Jm. longa. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolla 4 lin. longa.
Fructus ignotus.
196. Mostuea fuchsizfolia, Baker ; fruticosa, ramulis pubescentib
foliis oblohizis obtusis membranaceis brevissime petiolatis basi cuneis
dorso tenuiter pubescentibus, stipulis deltoideis, cymis axillaribus
Leine ‘uae minutis, pedicellis calyce longioribus calycis tubo
rr —€—À acutis tubo longioribus, corolle albæ lobis ovatis
tubo dup ip io Devvisvtiu erain lobis orbicularibus Unirii.
fabitat—Angola, Welwitsch, 4759. Ambriz and Quiballa,
pe :
Folia 1-2 poll. longa. Calyx 1 lin. longus. Corolla 6 lin. longa.
197. Mostuea orientalis, Baker; fruticosa, ramulis ee foliis
ovato-oblongis vel oblongis obtusis minute Miche membra
glabris brevissime amm stipulis ovatis obtus cymis e
axillaribus paucifloris, bracteis minutis, calycis tubo beet vissimo denrtibas
ovatis acutis tubo longioribus malin "tubo the infundibulari, dentibus
ovatis tubo squilon
Habitat. SPAN NE East Africa, Rev T. Wakefield.
Folia 1-2} poll. longa. Calyx 1 lin. longus. Corolla 4 lin. longa.
Capsula ignota.
198. Strychnos zizyphoides, Baker; sarmentosa, cirrhosa, ramulis
bris, cirrhis simplicibus gracilibus, foliis obovatis subacutis coriaceis
oim supra basin triplinerviis, cymis multifloris compositis axillari-
s, pedicellis brevibus, ealycis minuti lobis latis obtusis, flore ante
mim globoso, stylo brevissimo, fructu parvo globoso monospermo.
Habitat.—(old Coast, Sir R. Burton and Capt. Cameron.
Folia 1-1} poll. lata. Fructus 4 lin. diam.
99. Strychnos subscandens, Baker ; sarmentosa, cirrhosa, ramulis
"ed foliis oblongis acutis glabris brevissime petiolatis basi rotun-
dato obscure triplinerviis, cymis axillaribus brevissime pedunculatis,
calycis minuti lobis latis obtusis, fructu parvo globoso monospermo.
Habitat.—Angola, province of Loanda, Walaa, 6018.
Folia 2-3 poll. longa. Fructus 4 lin. diam.
- 900. MÀ eh Mares Baker ; sarmentosa, cirrhosa, ramulis gors
foliis (irme me subacutis - subcoriaceis glabris e basi ad.
97
edium triplinerviis, cymis axillaribus brevissime pedunculatis, calycis
minuti lobis suborbicularibus, fructu magno pomiformi glauco.
Habitat.—Attah on the Quorra, Vogel.
Folia 3-4 poll. longa.
-. 201. Strychnos lucens, Baker; sarmentosa, cirrhosa, ramulis glabris,
eirrhis furcatis, foliis oblongis ad apicem obtusum attenuatis brevissime
petiolatis obseure triplinerviis coriaceis utrinque nitidis glabri s, cymis
axillaribus paucifloris breviter peduneulatis, calycis minuti lobis latis
obtusis, fructu parvo globoso monospermo.
Habitat.—Angola, Welwitsch, 6015.
Folia 14-2 poll. Corolla ignota.
Strychnos nigritana, Baker; sarmentosa, cirrhosa, ramulis
rekot elas, folis oblongis acutis coriaceis nitidis glabris
breviter petiolati basi ad medium triplinerviis, ¢ymis paucifloris
ax illa ribus bravite? ‘peduneulati, pedicellis brevibus glabris, calycis ta
b is ovatis obtusis valde imbricatis, corolle tubo fauce piloso
lobis ovatis tubo brevioribus, stylo elongato, fructu ignoto.
Habitat —Nup2, Eppah and Lagos Island, Barter.
Folia 3-4 poll. longa. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 4 lin.
longus.
203. Strychnos loandensis, Baker; - sarmentosa, ee ramulis
glabris, foliis oblongis acutis glabris brevissime petiola wed
riplinerviis, cymis paucifloris axillaribus sessilibus revibus
calycis lobis acad obtusis, corollæ tubo | revis
ignoto.
Habitat.—Angola, province of Loanda, Welwitsch, 6016.
Folia 10-12 lin. longa. Calyx 1 lin. longus.
204. Strychnos Moloneyi, Baker ; erecta, eci irrhosa, ramulis glabris,
foliis oblongis acutis rigide coriaceis acum breviter petiolatis e basi
triplinerviis, cymis pluribus axillaribus breviter peduneulatis, calycis
lobis brevibus ovatis obtusis, fructu parvo globoso monospermo.
Habitat.—Onitsha, Barter. Accra, Sir A. Moloney. Sierra Leone,
Scott Elliot, 5431. A
Folia 3-4 poll.longa. Fructus 4-6 lin. diam.
Strychnos sennensis, Baker; fruticosa, erecta, Sclecnedt
ramulis tetragonis glabris, folii is oblongis acutis subcoriaceis glabris
subsessilibus e basi triplinerviis, cymis multifloris item breviter
pedunculatis, calycis minuti lobis ovatis obtusis, fructu i ^
Habitat.—Valley of the Zambesi, opposite Senna, Sir ps Kirk.
Folia 2-3 poll. longa.
206. Strychnos microcarpa, Baker; fruticosa, erecta, ecirrhosa,
ramulis glabris, foliis gum acutis subcoriaceis glabris brevissime
petiolatis obscure triplinerviis, cymis paucifloris axillaribus breviter
ped
unculatis, aga tubo brevi lobis latis ovatis obtusis, fructu parvo
gl monosperm
U 86845. B
98
Habitat.— Angola, province of Loanda, Welwitsch, 4765.
Folia 14-2 poll. longa. Corolla ignota. Fructus 4-6 lin. diam.
207. Strychnos chrysocarpa, Baker ; freticens. erecta, - ecirrhosa,
ramulis pem foliis oblongis acutis ive coriaceis periit brevissime
petiolatis. e. basi. triplinerviis, c, ibus .e terminalibus
brevissime aret ulatis, . ealyeis t. ‘brevissino, lobi latis . obtusis,
fruetu magno aurantiaco poU apere ni eoii arnei ANNE.
(Habitat —Gold : Coast, Sir” R. Burton dd “Captain Cameron,
Sierra Leone, Dr. Halcro Johnston.
Folia 2-3 poll. longa. Fructus 14-2 pols diam.
E
208. Strychnos Wakefieldi, Baker; fruticosa, erecta, ecirrhosa,
ramulis glabris, role obovatis obtusis rigide cor piani glabris. basi
cuneatis supra basin triplinerviis brevissime ‘peti iolatis, cymis pa aucifloris
lat s, pedunculis pedicellisque bsgrissimis calycis tubo Prerja
lobis suborbicularibus, stylo brevi, fructu ignoto.
Habitat.— Mombasa, Rev. T. neers CE
Folia —— ret aii — Corolla ignota.
| veut rt rieiisiidbo,: Ufana j O dreet odlerhóss; ‘Fasifulis
dis pubēscenti ibus, foliis "brevissime petiolus pus Me
usis rigide coriaceis e basi triplinerviis dorso mpi tibus, c
sirillasibue ; paueifloris: breviter - pedunculatis, : e eam
orbicularibus, corolla tubo ceylindrieo: de — h elongato, ,
MR polyspermo magnitudine medioeri; 575005; 20005 ilg
Habitat.—Banks of the Niger at Nupe, Barter. Niger cóniladin
at Lukugu, J. T. Dalton
Folia 2-3 poll. longa. (ye i lin. longus. Corolla 3 lin. eae
210. Strychnos Bu Baker ; E iere ramulis pubs:
scentibus, folis obovatis obtusis brevissi e petiolatis glabris. tripli-
nerviis, cymis multifloris axillaribus sues e vel subsessilibus, ealyeis
tubo brevissimo lobis suborbieularibus, fructu globoso magao polyspermo
pulpo eduli, seminibus magnis orbicularibus compressis.
Habitat.—Zanzuebar, Sir R: Burton, Sir John Kirk: Shiré: Valley
and at oo and Kongone, Sir J. Kirk. Native names /ntheme
and Intem
Folia " poll longa. Calyx ł lin. longus. Fructus 21-3 poll.
211. Strychnos coceuloides , Baker ; bor parva erecta ecirrhosa,
ramulis pubéscentibus, foliis. siburbisddisibus. vel oblongis «obtusis
brevissime petiolatis dorso. pilosis, cymi lateralibus, calyeis pubescentis
lobis ovatis acutis, fructu parvo globoso
Habitat.—Angola, province of Huilla, Welwitsch, 4779. Native
name Maboce dolce.
emohia: 2-3: poll longa. - Fructus 3 lin. diam.
99
5-nerviis: dorso: pubescentibus, eymis axillaribus paueifloris. sessilibus
icellis brevissimis, calycis lóbis orbicularibus, coroll: tubo cylindrico,
lobis oblongis tubo duplo brevioribus, fructu magno globoso polyspermo
pulpa edula.
:Habitat.—Madi, Col.J. A. Grant. Djür-lànd, Schweinfurth, 1719.
-Folia:8-4 poll. lange- Calyx 1j lin: longus, onal $ la. dene
Erwotes. 3-4 poll. dia r
21 3. Anthocleista parviflora, Baker “arborea, ramulis crassis ielignisis
spinosis, foliis obovato bas tatis, eymis
multifloris valde itis, calycis lobis exterioribus orbioularibus,
i541
compos
códollie calyce 3—4-plo longiore lobis circiter 12.
Habitat. —Banks of the Bagroo river, Mann. Lis
Folia superiora pedalia, 4—5 poll. lata. Cyme pedales. Cis 3 lin
longus. Anthere 2 lin. longs.
214. Anthocleista Kalbreyeri, Baker ; arborea, i inermis, foliis oboyato-
oblongis brevissime petiolatis, cymis compositis foliis multo brevioribus,
calycis lobis orbicularibus, corolle tubo calyce vix longiore lobis 16
Fui ndi tubo longioribus, filamentorum tubo br revissimo antheris,
lineari
Habitat. —Banks of the Bagroo river, Kalbreyer.
amorum bipedalia, 5-6 poll. lata. -— 3 lin. Mes oe
Corolla lobi smigo liey Anthera. 3 lin. lon, RE
215. Anthocleista zambesiaea, >Babery arbori n Tig s iner
foliis . obovato-o ones une. petiolatis, _ comp:
brevioribus, calycis.lobis exterioribus orbieul e tu
multo. longiore, lobis. circiter 12. lineari oblongis pd A riocus fila-
SRANI at brevissimo antheris oblongis.
j Habitat-—Shiré Highlands, Buchanan.
Folia superiora 6-9 poll. longa. 3-4 poll. lata, inferiora sesqui
dalia. "Calyx 3 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 15 Hn vim m "- 9 lin
ongi- -
' 16. Anthocleista Miriton Baker ; fruticosa, sarmentosa, Mdb
teretibus inermibus, foliis oblon ngis acutis brevissime petiolatis basi.
cuneatis, cymis brevibus ramis iuferioribis foliis reductis erm
globoso hoes
calycis lobis exterioribus ovatis, fr
Habitat.—Banks of the Kingui river, 1? N. lat. Mani: à
Folia 5-6 poll. longa, 2 uam lata. Calyx 9 lin.longus. Corolla
ignota. Fructus 9 lin. diam Agar ages
OOOCLVI —BXPERIMENTAL CULTIVATION AT PORT
The’ northern territory " South Australia, as is well known, i is within.
the Tropics, and. the climate is essentially tropical. It exténds from
19?to 23^ S. lat, and the more inland parts include portions of the.
B2
100
with that of Madagascar and the southern arts of Beat, but the
deserts. The rainfall as may be expected, is very variable. During
the year 1893 the rainfall at Port Darwin, representing the coast
region, was 62°5 inches, at Burrundie 49*4 inches, x bi Powell’s
‘Cree only 12°6 i
, in the interior at about. 22? S. lat., it was on nches.
In the interior the chief industries are cem and daria but along
the coast agricultural industries are being steadily pursued. The
following report by the Curator of the auk Garden and Experi-
mental Nursery at Port Darwin has recently been published. It affords
evidence, as pointed out by the president, that “ the soil and climate of
the Northern Territory. are e Suite ted for the cultivation of valuable
tropical and sub-tropical produc
* Sir, * Palmerston, March. Ist, 1894.
“I HAVE ifs ree to respectfully hand you my report on the
progress of the more important experimental plots in the Botanical
xarden and Experimental Nursery during the past year.
sen din put season the different varieties made excellent growth,
but were eventually nearly completely destroyed by horses breaking into
c eee nud rever, that a small sum has been allowed.
s will, I am glad to think, no longer occur.
Aes
Es ‘The sam same block has again heen planted this season, and looks ed
"x regere —The different varieties i very sati Hietaobdf gro rowth
last season, some in particular showing splendid canes. The second
* ratoons? now are looking as well as can be wis
“ Cocoa-nuts continue tc progress, and the older hey get the brighter
the outlook. Several trees in the avenue are now either fruiting or
Oo
oung lanted out in the reclaimed mangrove swamp last
year suffered severely from the attacks of the hermit crabs, and had. to
be protected by small sheets of tin round their base. 'They are now
gradually recovering.
* African Oil-palms.— These continue tbe satisfactory progress
previonsly.. reported. Over 300 seeds were obtained from the two
ol s during the year, and several hundred more are again
ps
“ Betel-nut palms have. made very good growth, and I expect them
shortly to fruit.
o“ Ginger.— — Splendid tubers were produced last season, and I have
increased the area of the block under cultivation. The plants now are
just showing above the ground. Two varieties are cultivated.
* Starch-producing plants—Arrowroot and Cassava.—So_ satisfac-
tory has been the growth of both these m plants last
that I have increased the area of the block under cultivation.
The plants aré now looking splendid. Tous n mois occupies a small
| lock. and has always done "i This is the plant yielding the starch
produced i in Queensland, but the product does not realise quite as fn
S ice as that obtained from the real arrowroot, and I note in a recent
cial tion that endeavours aes made to cse its
pit
101
South Sea Island arrowroot—is indigenous to the territory, and o
ic. in the garden. Plants of it were distributed by ; de
Gardens, Kew, nim o year o different Crown colonies as a
"us desirable for introductio
* Oil plants.—Sesamum, two varieties, as usual made satisfactory
growth last season and is again doing as well. Pent uts.—An in
area has been planted this season, and I have never noticed finer
rowth. Two varieties are cultivated. Among other oil plants
EN Md in the garden may be mentioned jatropha, behn, castor,
chufa,
pei as ts.—Sisal hemp.—Our plants have made satisfactory
growth and ready Nt suckers. Owing to the representations
of intending planters the Government undertook during the
year to import a Misa of plants for sale, and these arrived on the
18th of J anuary this year. Six thousand plants had been ordered from
"when the plant dies; but recent developments in the Bahamas seem to
show that there, at least, the plant flowers in seven years and dies, and
this is considerably modifying the brilliant estimates made. Pita, or
pineapple fibre.—In an offieial bulletin issued b; the s Gardens,
Kew, it is aki that a et n pim le | the Straits
le ments recently submi Er d valued E. -—
a
ic]
E
5
aa
$
m
d
3
á
Eh
zm
Er
os
et
A
aro
y
3
E
E
tis
E
into England i is stated to be over 4,000,000/. sterling. ie "oe
A fresh block has been planted with roots-of this plant, and mag-
nificent growth has been made. Bowstring hemps.—Three species
i lanica and
the following, proved deoii suited to t m ce viz., Manila Modo,
‘of which a small block has been planted out; 50,000 tons of this fibre
are otii exported from the Philippine y Pet Deccan hemp,
Abroma, Mauritius hemp
Citronella grass iene eom oil).—The plants put out to cover
a large vacant block of ground on the slope on the hill look a picture
of luxurianee without having hte any attention whatever, and so
strong is the growth that not a weed is to be seen below the lines.
102
£ Cinnamon. i te and old:continue-to make the same satisfactory
progress,
* Vanilla.—Our plants were cut up for propagation and the resulting
young plants put out in a sr rna dur: are vemm good
rogress. Two kinds are in our-collec t
. " Nutmegs.—This' plant was rind Front I am sorry to
rain lost. I have, however, made arra to obtain some Mire
for further trial, as I cannot but think ‘that it it "should do well in certain
situations, and the fact - dar piene cnet species thrives about
Palmerston also encourages to per I propose planting a
quantity of seed of the native species ad to ‘ry and graft the introduced
plant on the stocks thus obtain
“ Sorghums and. Millets. een varieties of the former and three of
the latter are represented in small blocks, and have done very well, the
broom ` aem used - the manufacture of American brooms, being
um ri ES -— Three, kinds have been grown for some time and a
fourth, Ficus elastica, was introduced during the year. Cryptostegia
deters and a wee Glaziovit (Ceara rubber) free at produced
soil be i ont in vacant A. a
pijne sheepoaniins in. small | plots, and have sgain
Pm ux De ^ic
* Dhal looks magnificent, aia’ cannot Be à too highly recommended
for E eod as a stable pulse,
“The condition of the garden has been well inafiitained dari the
year, ind, as opportunity offers, shrubs and trees are planted out.
have, &e.
is Nicuoras HorTzE, Curator.
N X His Honour Mr. Justice d
5 o.2* Government Reside
,CCCCLVII —DECADES. KEW EN SES.
PLANTARUM NovARUM IN ird Yit Ree CoxsERVATARUM.
DECADES XV.—XIX.
. MI. Vavea megaphylla, Wright [Meliacem]; arbor procera, foltie
obovato-lanceolatis petiolatis glabris penninerviis nerviis secundariis
subtus pro |
eem
paniculam ramorum forman-
til e bracteis oblongis, calyce cupulari irregulariter 57-lobate, petalis
5—7 oblongis con contortis carinatis albis utrinque hirsutis, staminibus 12-16,
filamentis latis connatis antice prope apices villosis, antheris liberis
sitchen ovario globoso apice = sec — stylo brevi, stigmate
vulis in loculo quoque 2 collateralibus
eee Tamavua, D... Passend, 37. |
EC prc ai ener re 12 * poll. agns iil Ita
108
sm bosepalum, Ba erum-Owinlpiniearam genus
lovun ap Calyx tubo’ enum bis 5 inzequalibüs oblong ir infimo
anthesin cymbæformi demum. explanato. ^ Petala: 5,
ohialak obtusa, squalia. Stamina 10, petalis, equilonga,--fila-
mentis liberis filiformibus, antheris: oblongis: versatilibus. Ovarium
lineare, breviter stipitatum, ovulis 2-3; stylus us" gracilis, curvatus, apice
incrassatus, stigmate t tormiisial iv Fructus ignotus. - d 92) OF idgn
C. Baroni, Baker ; astór ‘partibus omnibus: giabriay foliis simpliciter
ax Sekam] ae foliolis:3—4-jugis sessilibus obovatis co s basi
articulatis, racemo denso, pedicellis strictis: sepe 2-4-nis, bracteis
deltoideis cuspidatis Midi s segmenti
- Habitat.—North Madagascar, Rev. R. api 6422.
olia 11-2 poll. rp. tbe 5-6 lin. longa. Racemus 2-3 poll.
longus; pedicelli 2 lin. longi. Calycis onem infimum 1j lin.
lon € Petala 2 lin. lo be N
Alli ig tentes ri Ma of which there are several species ce pn me
but Aig from it by its peculiar calyx, ovules 2-3 and "typically
racemose i tilioieécólics
143. Weinmannia stenostachya, Baker [Saxifrages); glabra, foliis
imparipinnatis, foliolis 5-7 oblongo-lanceolatis acutis coriaceis nitidis
Subintegris lateralibtis basi obliquis, floribus: Nin in spicas densas
aggregatis, calycis tubo brevissimo dentibus ovatis ` obtusis, Sa
oblongis calyce sesquilongioribus, eR breviter exsertis,
ovoideo pubescente, stylis brevibus,
Habitat.—Northern' Madan ue: R Pak, 6108.
«o Folia: 6-8 poll..longa ;. foliola d pol longa, medio 12-15. 5 ce
Spiced. poll. longæ:: - Calya:4;lin. longus. ..
Nearly allied to W. lucens and frazinifolia, Duker. There sr e many
ated of this genus in Madagascar, some of which dm valuable
| . Terminalia mua B s. e [Combretacen Js “a ji ‘arbor: ike
dmn ramulis gracilibus, c fuscescente “lenticellis: pallidis crebris
instructo, foliis alternis vel: RES ellipticis. vel oblon, ongis basi
aeutis: apice subaeuminatis subcoriaceis supra: ;glaucis: subtus pallide
fulvo-viridibus | subtus tenuiter-reticulatis, nervis lateralibus induat
—ve—
X 4$ nai 9s an n t "m C x ET: ot bracteis. lix bes
ideis undo: ‘brevioribus mox ; deciduis, calyce; subasymmetrico tubo |
ovoideo «limbo breviter | ;lateque- 'dslobo;; dobiss Dos bri intus xpo
fructu oblongo 3-alato alis seq
-Habitat.—Island of Langkaui, C. Curtis, 1684. souil-
Folia Tm poll. longa, " poll. lata ; petiolus 4—6 lin. tongus.
rui. 4-1 poll. longae: Flores } lin. longi. Fructus; 9 lin. longu 8,
alis 6-8 lin. latus.
E species is nearest allied to the Philippine, a ae
$i nly siñ-the very
polyantha, Presl, from -which it differs
slènder branchlets, the narrower and mor rr od p rather
ler- flowers. The number of the calyx lies and stamens is the
same in both species, viz., 4 and 8 respectively. The fruit wings
104
number generally 4, rarely 3 in T7. polyantha, mis T. triptera “gtr
always has 3 wings; only once a fourth wing was found, te this
smaller than the 3 ce It is the dorsal va of w vit. is
replaced by a single Corresponding with this e Rn the
wing.
receptacle has only 3 vascular bundles or nerves, one in front and one
dorsal sepal receives its nerve as a branch from one of the lateral
bundles. This rurtidcai tak futs at the base of the cup-sha
calyx. The suppression of the dorsal vascular bundle of the receptacle
and the corresponding replacement of the 2 dorsal wings by one, whilst
the calyx retains its tetramerous structure, is very remarkable, and it
would be interesting to know whether the trimerous structure of the
receptacle is indeed the normal one, as it appears to be from the material
seen.
145. etm clusioides, Baker [Myrtacem]; foliis coriaceis sessili-
bus oblancéolato-oblongis obtusis vel subacutis vena intramarginali
perspicua cu US preeditis, floribus solitariis axitlattbtia, calycis lobis
oblanceolat eee subpetaloideis distincte costatis, staminibus stylo
duplo brevio:
Habitat.— North "Madag ^, Rev. R. Baron, 6250.
: Z oll. longa, medi 2 lata, e medio ad basin sensim
z $ d a lobi 9 aa ica! 5-6 lin. longus, apice
T ospiti. Discus floriferus 2 lin. diam
Of this very "ume and curious genus of IT æ three speci es
are already known—two in agascar and a third in Mauritius and
Bourbon. The us of the present plant Mapa in shape those of
P. mauritiana, but the veining is quite different; the divisions of the
flower-wrapper are smaller and less coriaceous, and the stamens are much
shorter.
146. Tibouchina ( Pseudopterolepis) M Stapf drei
caule rubello acute angulato, angulis viridibus, patule glandu-
loso-hirsuto, re ovato-lanceolatis seat, quinquenerviis, di
lateralibus basi plus minusve coalitis rugulosis supra zqualiter subtus
in nervis venisque tantum setulosis, cymis longiuscule peduneulatis
3-7-floris, bracteis lineari-oblongis parvis apicem versus minute
crenulatis et setulosis, pedicellis brevibus vel brevissimis, calycis tubo
ovato-oblongo indumento eo caulis consimili vestito, lobis cm meu
obtusiusculis tubo paulo brevioribus, petalis purpureis obovatis, antheris
aureis in rostrum rubellum longiusculum attenuatis connectivo basi
breviter producto curvato ultra insertionem bilobo, ovario preter
setulas apicales glaberrimo, capsule valvis minutis.
Habitat —Brazil. Cultivated at Kew from seeds believed to have
been sent by Dr. Glaziou.
Planta culta ad 6 ped. alta. Folia 1-14 poll. lin. longa, 9-10 lin.
lata; petiolus 4-6 lin. longus. Ca dyes tubus 2} lin. longus. Petala
3lin.longa. Capsula vix 1} lin. lon
- T. meiodon is nearest allied to " versicolor, Cogn., and to T.
Cis ces Cogn.; but it differs from them mainly in in the stem, the
-peduncled cymes, the long cal pe ian natibo bong teaku
At A
Eo u «e
108
147. Memecylon strychnoides, Baker | Melastomacez] ; arborea, glabra,
ramulis virgatis pallide griseis, foliis subsessilibus late oblongis obtusis
vel cuspidatis basi rotundatis coriaceis e basi triplinerviis, cymis densis
multifloris in panieulas pedunculatas axillares tes disponita pedicellis
brevibus, bracteis ovatis parvis, calyce campanulato subtruneato, petalis
late ovatis deciduis, staminibus petalis subeequilongis, stylo elongato.
Habitat.—Ikoyi, Lagos, west tropical Africa, Millen.
olia 3-4 poll. longa, medio 2-3 poll. lata. “Calyx 1 lin. diam.
Petala 1} lin. longa.
mall tree, with umbels of very small bluish flowers. Leaves very
like lion of a Strychnos. Fruit not seen. Its nearest ally is M. Barteri,
Hook. fil.
148. Argostemma concinnum, Hemsl. [Rubiacem-Hedyotidem] ;
herba caule simplici pusilla, erecta, Bratt lima, annua, tetraphylia,
lanceolatis vix acutis utrinque attenuatis integris precipue secus cos
parce hispidulis, pedunculo unifloro terminali filiformi foliis breviore
vel interdum paullo longiore, calycis dentibus minutis deltoideis vix
acutis, coroll» f tate lobis anguste lineari-lanceolatis vix acutis
nti ae: "s
> s i
longam terminalem scarioso-membranaceam productis, weiguiate antheras
vix superan
eed y umet Siam; growing on moss-covered ex at E
w, near Mount Mock, a about 6000 fee eet, F. H. ie
e Plon 14-2 poll. a. Folia. 4-14 din. Jong —
1 poll. diametro.
ai Pis delicate little bant must be a charming object i in a living state.
Mr. Smiles describes the relatively large flowers as white with a green
centre. In the dried state the green part "leis as a disc at the base
of each lobe of the corolla. It is nearest A. pumilum, Benn., a species
recorded from the mountains of tropical Africa B" Daah India.
149. Mussænda pilosa, Baker [Rubiacex] ; ramulis dense pilosis,
foliis breviter petiolatis "oblanceolato-oblongis acutis basi cuneatis
utrinque dense pilosis, floribus in corymbis terminalibus multifloris
dispositis, pedicellis dense pubescentibus, racteis linearibus fisice
Habitat.—North Madagascar, Rev. R. Baron, 6179.
Folia 4-6 poll. longa, supra medium 11-2 poll lata. Calycis lobi
demum pollicares. Corolle tubus 21-24 lin. longus. Fructus magni-
tudine nucis avellane.
There are several large-flowered species of this genus in Madagascar,
of which this is one of the finest.
150. Eupatorium (Heterolepis) clibadioides, Baker {Composite | ;
fruticosum, glabrum, foliis oppositis subsessilibus ovatis acutis serratis
utrinque viridibus, capitulis paucis multifloris corymbosis, involucro
106
campanulato, bracteis * paueiseriatis adpressis "glabris" dorso conspicue
S-nervatis éxterioribus parvis ovatis centralibus oblongis interioribus
‘lineari-oblonyis pallidis, acheniis glabris "4-angülatis, pappi setis , fir-
eMe Ciliatis dae end sal corolla ` putas 'stylis” longe
Habitat. cL ODE Scant near Rio J aneiro, WS 18,339.
ti 3-4 poll.. longa; ..Jnvolucrum 3-4..lin.-diam. T: 2 Jin.
E allied to E. Vitalbe, D.C.» and E. itacolumiense,. Schultz
Bip
. Mikania Carteri, Baker [Composite]; late sarmentosa, cau-
iti. gracilibus glabris, foliis distincte „petiolatis cordato-ovatis .mem-
viridibus rofunde irregulariter Faia dissectis, penta’
peris itv is corymbosis, involucro oblongo, bracteis viridibus. gla
neari-oBlongis, achenio- AREA castaneo, pappo. rubro. tincto.. MN
reviore
wise
es is ib. In et cis Tneoluerum. 2 lin. longum.
um 1
The d dily tropical African — "iioudy known is the cosmopolitan
AM. scandens, Willd..
152, Aspilia Glaziovi, Baker [Composi hie? ; perennis, herbac
caule simplici monocephalo decumbente dense piloso, foliis seitilibus
oblongis dentatis - rotundatis egi viridibus hispidis, involucro
.campanula oblongis obtusis: zquilongis foliaceis: hispidis,
a rD paleis» Tine nearibus rigidis: icitegreié complieatis -disei floribus
ligulis: cnp involuero-duplo brevioribus, achenio. g
“compresso.
Habitat. — oat Brazil, near Rio Janeiro, Glaziou, 18,318.
Caulis pedalis... Folia caulina. 12-18 lin. longe Involucrum 6; LA
ongum, bracteis exterioribus 2 lin. latis.
Belongs to the section Herdacea, near A.’ S Grieks Baker in
£2 Bras, vol. vis, pia ee, TPA 195; tab. 63, fig. 2
. Senecio arctiifolius, Baker [Composite] ; herbaceus, caule erecto
slates foliis p petiolatis cordato-ovatis magnis membranaceis repandis facie
demum subcalvatis dorso araneosis;: capitulis. pau i
paniculam amplam. ramis. corymbosis dispositis, involucro .glabro
viridulo, ! irciter 12 lanceolatis æq s exterioribus
paucis parvis, floribus omnibus discoideis involucro equilongis, pappo
albo flexili.
` Habitat.—South Brazil, near Rio Janeiro, Glaziou, 18,340.
din. d 5-6 pedalis. Folia — caulina pedalia. Znvolucrum
An e Mon A.
D 5.5 T ~
. OMM ‘allied. 4o S. grandis, Garda. + Baker in Fl: Bras ied vis ime
: Deb, Marge: ai> ig. eu
/ «31545 Rhódodendron Hancockii, Zemst: rm emen
107
zamulis- floriferis graciliasculis, foliis breviter petiolati
congestis «e . s> e
E sys 4 ethan seta ees | E * E to =
primariis lateralibus numerosis subtus sat conspicuis marginém
reticulato-conjunctis, gemmis floriferis 1-3 in axillis foliorum superiorum
1—-2-floris, squamis per anthesin laxis ecito deciduis' scarioso- i
ovatis vel superioribus bois -lanceolatis acutis ciliolatis €
pilosulis, sepalis parvis inzequalibus deltoideis oblongo, corolla infundi-
ulari-campanulata glabra, tubo brevissimo, lobis latis obovato-rotundatis,
staminibus 10 corolla brevioribus filamentis infra medium hirtellis,
ovario 5—6-loculare e ae ps stamina superante, or
Ego, capitato. . - à
China : Mong, province of Wisin; in à mountain glen
at 6300 feet, Hancock, 1
Folia 4-8 poll. longa; a 3-4 lin. longus. Squame@e majores
i- bolt pel longe. . Pedicelli. circiter: pollicares. ^ Corolla 34-4 poll.
This very fine ene has. white flowers with a pale yellow blotch
towards the base of each lobe of the corolla... It belongs to.a small group
having the flowers Minn rom the axils. of the uppermost leaves,
instead of a strictly terminal inflorescence.
155. Lysimachia grandifolia, Hemsl. [ Primulacez] ; herba parcissime
minuteque strigillosa, ramis vel eaulibus floriferis crassis, foliis: alternis
amplis lon ngissime petiolatis membranaceis vel tenuiter papyraceis: latis
ovoideo-ellipticis breviter iculato-acuminatis basi rotundatis -vel sub-
cuneatis leviter undulatis prier ciliolatis, floribus flavis
unculatis, bracteatis circiter 6::5-floris: ex axillis
foliorum superiorum ortis, pedicellis: gracilibus bracteis
ciliolatis sabtentis, ealycis segmentis lanceolatis sursum valde ——
acutissimis longitudinaliter 5-nervosis margine hispiduloso alte
lobata sed, üt. videtur, vix rotata, lobis latis apice sotaiidatis longitu-
dinaliter tenuiterque M margine minute g ver ai filamentis
brevissimis deorsum dilatatis“ petalis annulatim adnatis, antheris magnis
: cordatis, ovario: glabro, stylo ai Alaina EPP erp superante,
capsula ignota. ^ ^ ii s
Habitat.—Northern Siam : Pu Sam Sum, F. H. Smiles.
Planta Aa A Gane Cer cum petiolo 6—9 poll. longa et usque
ad 32 poll. lata; o 21 poll. longus. Pedunculi cireitet 2 poll.
onn as longs. ertt 9-12 lin. longi. “Calycis
p qq. 4 lin. — "Corolla circ lin. longa vel si rotata circiter
10 lin. diametro. Ji
^TFhisis a very distinct — differing from all others in its’ thick
stems, large alternate leaves, mbellate or subumbellate flowers.
habit it is morelike 'a prams ihén one's idea of Lysimachia, althoügh
recent discoveries in China- have ealed the existence of a large
number, presenting great variety in: epit
«156: Mimusops dispar, V. E. Brown [Sapotaceæ] ; ramis cinereis
glabris, folis petiolatis euneato-oblaneeolatis obtusis: juvenilibus fulvo-
torientosts “adultis "utrinque glabris: viridibus siccis subtiliter: reticu-
latis, flotibus 12-16 -ad apices ramorum umbellatim dispositis,
108
pedicellis calycibusque ` extus primum . fulvo-tomentosis demum
adpresse cinereo-pubescentibus, sepalis 6-8 eee ovatis exteriori-
bus acutis interioribus obtusis utrinque tom toso-pubescentibus,
petalis 18-24 triseriatis subæqualibus EPEE EETA acutis glabris
luteis, staminibus 6-8 quam -petala brevioribus, antheris lanceolatis
sublanato-marginatis, ovario globoso dense hirsuto, stylo elongato
wid :
—Natal, near Mooi River in “Thorns,” at 3000-4000 ft.
Woveriber: Wood, 4472, 5425; Gerrard, 1482.
Foliorum petioli 2-4 lin. longi, lamine 9 lin.-2 poll. longs, a:
lin. late. Pedicelli 6-8 lin. longi. Sepala 3 lin. longa, 1j lin. lat
Petala Leu lin. ong. Ei lin. lata. Staminum filamenta 3-1 lin,
lon ge, re 14-2 onge.
A small-leaved species differing from M. obovata, Sond., by its more
numerous and more umbellate flowers, which are also emaller and have
shorter and less pointed bu Mr. Wood states that “the fruit is
yellow and well flavoured, much liked by the natives, and would, I
think, be imp M fos “cultivation ” It is called by the natives
a name that is “also pplied to DÀ ies of
157. Mimusops marginat E e ME ramis
brunneis vel sordide cinereis plus minusve corrugatis gabe, foliis
petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis vel nets oblancetlatis breviter et
obtuse cuspidatis vel obtusis basi acutis juvenilibus fulvo-tomentosis
adultis utrinque glabris viridibus, floribus 6-16 ad apices ramorum
umbellatim | dispositis, ree ferrugineo-tomentosis, sepalis 6-8
iseriati latis minatis xterioribus ferrugin neo-tomentosis
inibus cinereis hengaa utrinque cinereo-tomentosis, petalis
18-24 triseriatis subæqualibus — ee vel lanceolatis acutis
glabris luteis, staminibus 6—8 quam petala brevioribus antheris
lanceolatis, apiculato-acutis quam fila TO lanceolato-subulata tomen-
tosa multo longioribus, staminodiis lanceolatis acuminatis canalieulatis
extus lanato-tomentosis intus glabris marginibus lanato-tomentosis,
ovario globoso-ovoideo dense hirsuto, stylo elongato glabro, fructu
ellipsoideo acute vel acuminato.
Habitat—Natal: Inanda, Wood, 1661; near Umlaas, under
1000 ft. alt., Wood, 5340; without "locality, Gerrard, 1186. Cape
Colony: King Williams Town District; Komgha, Flanagan, 27.
ct
Foliorum petioli 23-8 lin. longi, lamine 2-5 poll . longe, z lin.-
2} en late. Pali id poll. longi. _Sepala 4-5 lin. longa,
1i-2 lin. lata. Petala 4 lin. longa, 1-11 lin. lata. Staminum
menta 1-1} lin. longa, anthere 2-2] lin. de e Staminodia
2-2) lin. longa. Fructus 2 poll. longus, 11-13 poll. crassus.
This is the largest-leaved of all the South African species, and some-
what approaches the Abyssinian M. Schimperi, Hochst., in Bare, but
. the flowers and fruit are very much larger. The leaves are not ver
coriaceous, but more of the substance of stout cies d paper ^ dry
more or less ccordin m Mr.
specimen, (m DES So ee
109
brownish colour like the Rose Apple" Like M. dispar (above
described) it is also called ** Amapumbulo” by the natives.
188. Mimusops oleifolia, IN. E. Brown [Sapotaces]; ramis cinereis
glabris, foliis ] petiolatis anguste lanceolatis utrinque angustatis apice
obtusis basi acutis coriaceis glabris, floribus axillaribus solitariis,
latis acutis extus dense adpresse brunneo-pubescentibus intus minute
puberulis interioribus lineari-lanceolatis acutis extus puberulis intus
— iae petalis 24 triseriatis 16 exterioribus lineari-lanceolatis
s 8
joribus lanceolatis mee (siccis
ginibus subundulatis) glabris, staminibus 8 cum petalis
exterioribus æquil l -oblo ublonge ; qqiculatid
m filamenta subulata pubescentia triplo longioribus, staminodiis
anguste pera ee acutis dorso marginibusque basi adpresse
hirsutis, ovario ovoideo stylo attenuato adpresse pubescente.
Habitat.—Natal, Gerrard, 1642.
Foliorum petioli 2-3 lin. longi, lamine 1-2 poll. longe, 21-4 li
late. . Pedicelli 8—10. lin. longi. Sepala 34 lin. longa, extend
1} lin. lata, interiora $ lin. lata. Petala exteriora 21-22 lin. longa,
4 lin. lata, interiora 3-31 lin. longa, 1 lin. lata. Pre ee
4 lin. longa, antherz 2 lin. longe. Staminodia 11-2 io
Very distinct in foliage from any other African species ; us leaves in
form and size resembling those of Olea europea, L.
159. Jasminum um primulinum, Hemsl. (Oleacem]; J- nudifloro valde
| affinis et hujus: mre forsan varietas uie utt foliis tem ete as
sepius jam bene evolutis foliolis oblongo lanceolatis minute apiculatis
scaberulo, coroll: tubo brevi lobis latis UIEDdO: ronds sese
_obtegentibus.
Habitat.—Western China : hedges and — at Mongtse, Yunnan,
Hancock,
Foliola 1-2 a longa, lateralia quam M minora. —
14-1 l. diametro.
' Whether this be entitled to rank as spec ia. different from
J. nudiflorum or not, is a me that can hardly be answered without
further knowledge of the two forms. It is possible that J. n udiflorum
may have deteriorated in our aako; but there are no wild specimens |
in the Kew Herbarium to give evidence on this point. "Denéeally
peaking, cultivation increases the size of the flowers; yet the flowers of
the wild specimens of our J. primulinum are nearly double the size of -
those of the cultivated J. midiftorum. Mr. Hancock states that the
flowers appear before the leaves, but in all of his specimens except one
branch the leaves are fully developed with the flowers. A figure of this
plant will shortly appear in Hooker's cones Plantarum
160. Jasminum nummularifolium, Baker [Oleacez |; sarmento
pubescentibus, foliis subcoriaceis trifoliolatis glabris
foliolo terminali orbiculari, floribus in paniculas laxas dispositis, ramulis
dense tibus, calycis dentibus lanceolatis tubo campanulato
brevioribus, corolla albe tubo elongato cylindrico, lobis 5 oblongis tubo
triplo brevioribus. `
110
Hubitat.—North Madagascar, Rev. R. Baron 627 l. ta
Foliolum terminale 2 poll. longum et latum, peu semipollicari.
Calyz 2 lin. longus. Corolle tubus pollicaris et ultr.
Nearly. allied to. the widebrsprond, tropical peni J, mauritianum,
Baier: and the.Chinese J, gpamicu iiid Bosb«i Ker, in Bot. d talo
BW.. ji oija
.. 161. Jasminum octocuspe, zp ur vege city : AU p eed og
pubescentibus, foliis simplicibus oppositis. breviter petiolatis ovatis acutis
subeoriaceis glabris, venis primariis er pae. floribus paucis
axillaribus, calycis tubo :campanulato glabro, dentibus 8: subulatis. tubo
longioribus, Go BR tubo cylindrico subpollicari lobis 8 -lineari-oblongis
tubo brevioribu
Habitat .— Between c and Antanarivo, vro. eee MM m
Bar on, 6051.
Folia 2-91 poll. longa, petiolo semipoiliari Calyz 4 lin. dongus.
Corolle tubo subpollicaris, lobis 7-8 lin. longis.
“Of this group of Jasmines with me leaves there are between 20
end 30 species in Africa. The present species is remarkable
fen: its subulate. cen CETT: gr allied to J. mo i enel
! Mount Mme ombasa J. tomentosum, Enobl
Td
e
^ 162. Cryptolepis obtusa, N. E. Brown Lisci] “caule —
glabro, foliis petiolatis oblongis obtusis retusis vél ema vemm mueronatis
glabris, cymis axillaribus vel ad. apices. ramorum. anguste. paniculatis
peduneulatis laxe 6—10-floris, floribus pedicellatis ENG sepalis. ovatis
subacutis, corolle tubo brevi campanulato lobis lineari-lanceolatis triplo
longioribus in alabastro contorti coron: lobis lanceolatis acuminatis ad
medium coroll: tubi insertis
Habitat.—South-east tropical Africa: lower alley of ae Shire,
Meller ; Labo River, Kirk 38; Shupanga, Kirk; and
the coast, Kirk; Mozambique, "Forbes, pem Bay, [m
Foliorum petioli 2-5 lin. longi, lamine 3-3 poll. longs, i lin;
Pedunculi 1} lin.-1 poll. longi. Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi.
Sepala A lin. me Corolle tubus 1 lino eus ne lobi: 3 lin longi.
3 obi 4 lin . longi. Voies nd
[4
163. Raphionacme longifolia, JV. E. Brown [Asclepiadew]; omnino
pube caule simplice erecto, foliis petiolatis linearibus lineari-
Taneéehatis vel lineari-oblongis subobtusis vel obtuse apiculatis, eni
axillaribus subdensis multifloris brevissime pedunculatis, bracteis lanceo-
latis acutis, floribus pedicellatis, sepalis ovatis acutis, corollæ tu
campanulato quam lobi ‘lanceolati acuti virides subtriplo breviore,
corone lobis ad orem corolle insertis tripartitis segmentis omnibus
subulatis vel lateralibus vut cms icm segmento intermedio quam
laterales 2-7-plo longiore apico torti
;uHiábitat.--Zambesi region : IIa 2000 fti; Kirk; Manganja
Hills, Kir.
OF aun ise nia pol. altus. v ene pem 2-4 lin. longi, lamins
E-- x | 3-6) pr . late. Pedunculi 1-2 lin,
a gi em. Pedicelli 1-8 lin, longi Sepila $ ‘fal
1fIY
longa. Corollé tubus l a longus, lobi 24-3 lin: longi. Corone’ lobi
segnienta laterali 3-11 lin. longa, segmentum intermedium 2-2 lin.
longu : UD 8104
1. Raphionacme scandens, N. £E. Brown i oblongis obla caule
linge seandet —_ te pu béscente,
pubéseentibus, -— lanceolatis -— sepalis ovatis agutis pubescens
tibus, corolla tubo breviter campanulato lobis
extus pubescentibus i intus. glabris, coronae lobis trifidis glabris- s segmentis
omnibus - intermedio apice to uam laterales P
longiore, folliculis iacet acuminatis minute puberulis
Habitat.—Natal, Gerrard, 1312.
Foliorum: petioli 13—3 lin. longi, laminze 2-84 poll. longe, j-1 poll.
latze. edunculi: 124 lih. ros Pedicelli gg lin. longi. or olle
tubus 1 lin. per lobis 2} lin. longis, 2 lin. latis.: Corene lobi
2-21 lin. longi. Folliculi 13—2 poll. longi, 5 lin. crassis 00! i
165. Raphionacme grandiflora, .N. E. Brown [Asclepiadeæ]; caule
erecto simplice (semper ?) plus minusve hirta, foliis brevissime petiolatis
basalibus subconfertis obovatis vel elongato-obovatis obtusis supremis
distantibus lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis acutis. omnibus. basi acu
angustatis utrinque vel in nervis marginibusque tantum hirtis, pedunculis
-2 a icem
d.a aulis terminalibus vel subracemosis oris,
linearibus ve lati hirti is, pedicellis L s lanceolatis atte
hirtis, ee ^ tubo” saulpaitiate NIB "okono anat
subobtusis bas Dicunt, 'eoronz lobis ad orem corolle tubi insertis
eti ' dentibus lateralibus brevissimis dente
Me scie Tongitmdine dimidium lobi — antico basi minute biden-
Habitat.—Tropical Africa : dinganii region, Niomkolo, SAPON 5;
Shire Highlands, near Blantyre, Last.
Caulis 10-12 poll altus. Folia 14-4} poll. longa, 1-l poll. lata.
Pedunculi 4-14 poll. longi, Bractee 3-5 lin. longs. jj dice elli
4-7 lin. longi,, Sepala 3-4 lin. longa. Corolla 1} poll. diam., tubo
3 lin. longo, Tobis 7-8 lin. longis, 3—4 lin. latis. Corone lobi 5 lin. "lon ngi.
166. Chlor pode, ¢ oes N: ad Brown meg indem]; ca
scandente gu toi etl
bracteis cede -obtusis apiculatis oot sem caeno
ellipticis: vel rotundatis obtusissimis glabris, corolla subrotata. glabra
lobis oblongis obtusis, coronsg lobis- transversis: subbilobis vel. late
obcordatis ecornutis.
` Habitat.—South-east tropical Africa: Ribe, Wakefield.
Foliorum petioli j—1 poll. longi, laminæ 34-6 poll. longa, 21-4 poll,
tw. Pe i 1-2 poll longi. Cyme MCA UU M
Pedicelli i poll longi, Corolla 9-10 lin. diam. Coron. lobi iml, e
longi, 13-14 lin. lati.
112
Similar to C. Whitei, Hook. f, but the coronal lobes are entirely
destitute of the dorsal process characteristic of that species; the plant is
more glabrous, the cymes or panicles apparently with fewer flowers, and
the flowers dry a darker colour than those of C. itei.
7. Tylophora oculata, V. E. Brown [Asclepiade»]; caule volubili
gracili glahro, foliis distantibus petiolatis oblongo-lanceo olatis acuminatis
basi cordatis glabris, inflorescentie ramis quam folia brevioribus cymis
umbelliformibus duabus instructis glabris, floribus pedicellatis. pallide
t
vel campanulato-rotata lobis oblique oblongis apice breviter
lacerato fimbriatis glabris, corone lobis radiatis subquadratis obtusis
crassis glabris atropurpureis, apice styli prominente pyramidato-convexo
albido-viridi.
Habitat. —Sierra Leone.
"Foliorum petioli 4-7 lin. longi, laminz 2-33 poll. md a d poll. lata.
In nflorescentie rami 14-3 poll. longi. Pedicelli 4-7 li gi. Sepala
4 lin. longa. Corolla 6 lin. diam., lobi 2 din big ^ ath Corone
lobi 4 lin. longi et lati.
Described from a living Lan cultivated at Kew, raised from seeds
—— by Mr. Seott Elliot in erra Leone
168. Cynanchum formosum, W. E. Brown api pred volubile
omnino glabrum, foliis petiolatis ovatis elliptico-ovatis vel oblon vatis
subcuspidato-acuminatis basi cordatis lobis basalibus ts rotundatis
distantibus vel imbricatis, cymis lateralibus magnis pedunculatis laxe
dichotomis multifloris foliis longioribus, floribus pedicellatis, "poit
ovatis acutis, corolla fere ad basin 5-lobata lobis oblongis obtus
vel reflexis pallide viridibus corona tubuloso- seucipacralpth
ee a 15-crenulata intus esquamata alba quam columna
duplo-longiore, follieulis lanceolato-fusiformibus glabris
levibus, seminibus ovatis concavo-convexis glabris brunneis comosis.
Habitat.—Peru: without locality, McLean; Arequipa, Car ion
Guillaume; Huanta, and Huanuco, Pearce. Ecuador : Guayaquil,
Pavon.
Foliorum petioli 1-11 poll. longi, lamine 14-4 poll. longe, 4-23 ;
poll. late. Cyme cum pedunculo 4-2} poll. longo 3-6 poll. longze, 4-5 ©
poll. latæ. Pedicelli 4-6 lin. longi. Sepala $—1 lin. longa, } lin. lata.
Corolla lobi 23-3 lin. longi, 1} lin. lati. "Corona 2-21 lin.longa.
De 4-44 poll. longi, 4-5 lin. crassi. Semina 34 lin. longa, 13 Jin.
This species is now in cultivation at Kew, having been raised from
seeds that were sent in 1890 from Arequipa, in Southern Peru,
Hie a mm Esq., Corel General for Peru. It is remarkable that it
ined undescribed for so long, as it appears to have been in
perdon about 40 years ago; there being 2 garden specimen of it
Ried out in the Kew Herbarium, dated 1855. But probably it soon
—— a of cultivation, otherwise it would eniin have attracted the
ion of some botanist, as it is one of the most distinct species in
shi fedus isis the large, elegant cymes being freely a render
& rather ornamental plant from a horticu mhara] pn of v
113
169. Buddleia cuspidata, Baker [Loganiaceæ]; ramulis :
tomentosis, foliis breviter petiolatis oblongis cuspidatis erenatis bas
cuneatis facie viridibus obscure pubescentibus dorso pallidis a alts
bu
tomentoso dentibus parvis ovatis, co rolle tubo cylindrico calyce triplo
longiore lobis patulis parvis abiur staminibus in tubo inclusis.
Habitat.—North Madagascar, Rev. R. Baron, 6489.
Folia 6-8 pol, longa medio 3-33 poll, lata. Spice TA LU longe.
Calyx 1 lin. longus. Meca 3 lin. longa. Fructus igno
Nearly allied to B. axillaris, Willd., on eo nee in Bremen
Abhandl., viii. 451, M. je genus Adenoplus
170. Cordia Irvingii, Baker [Boraginee]; arborea, ramulis dense
pubescentibus, foliis magnis longe petiolatis obovatis obtusis integris basi
rotundatis facie viridibus glabratis dorso pubescentibus, floribus parvis in
cymas scorpioideas densas longe pedunculatas paniculatas dispositis,
calyce griseo-tomentosa tubo infundibulari verticaliter plicato dentibus
parvis ovatis, corolla tubo brevi, lobis oblongis, staminibus inclusis.
Habitat.—Interior of Western Lagos, near Abbeokuta, Dr. Irving,
Dr. Rowland.
Folia inferiora 9-10 poll. longa, 6-7 poll. lata. Calyx 3-4 lin.
longus. Fructus ignotus.
Near C. Milleni and C. populifolia; Seis in Kew Drev 1894,
REGE
cordato-ovatis se priate tenuiter Milonis foribus 3 in axillis
foliorum pluribus s conglomerati is, pedicellis. brevibus pilosis, bracteis
secs — ovatis acutis pilosis, corollae parvze albide limbo obscure
o-lobat
bp) uico of Western Lagos, Dr. Rowland.
Folia. 3-5 poll. longa et lata. Sepala 2 lin. longa. Corolla 6 lin.
longa.
Belongs to the large section Strophipomea, near I. eriocarpa, R.
Br: :
172. Le on leiocalyx, Stapf onera! E ee: volubili
fulvo-hirsutó, foliis cordato-ovatis acuminatis erdum basin versus
obscure trilobis utrinque fulvo-velutinis aedis ro pedunculi, fulvo- -
hirsuio, floribus numerosis umbellatim congestis, sepalis rotundato-
ovatis obtusis glaberrimis, corolla flava tubo ata limbo brevi
filamentis glabris, een libus papillosis, ovario disco e cincto
2-loculari, loculis 2-ovulatis
Habitat-—Frequent in the secondary forest near Keni, South
Travancore, T. F. Bourdillon, 88.
Folia 5 2 poll. longa, 14-24 oe lata; petiolus 1-14 pit longus.
V MAE 1-23 poll. longus. icelli ad 3 lin. longi. Calyx 2 lin.
ongus. ative 6 lin. longus.
U c
114
The discovery of a-representative of this genus in the South of ex
Deecan Peninsula is very interesting, as it is a link between the Africa
and the Indo-Malayan area of the genus. There is only one species
known from Africa, ranging almost over the whole tropical portion o
the continent, whilst Lepistemon Wallichii, Chois. is distributed iom
the Khasia Hills and Assam. to Borneo and ‘the Philippines; Æ. astero
stigma; K. Schum, is limited to New Guinea, and L, Fitzalani, F.
Muell, [Syn. Z. urceolatus, F. Muell, and probably also L. Lucae,
F: Muell. ] to to North Queensland. The species do not differ much, but
it seems that L. leiocalyx approaches closer to the Indo-Malayan than
to the African species.
173. Brandisia racemosa, Hemsil. [Scrophularineæ]; fruticosa,
sarmen "ramulis floriferis gracilibus pubescentibus, internodiis
quam folia brevioribus, foliis oppositis vel suboppositis petiolatis rigide
papyraceis vel riaceis ovatis oblongis vel rarius lanceolatis acutis
crenato-serrulatis, serrulis apiculatis, basi rotundatis rarius subcordatis
vel. subcuneatis glabrescentibus, costa atque venis primariis paucis
crassis pies elevatis, floribus in racemos terminales elongatos dispositis,
m oppositarum sæpius geminis brevissimis,
perc e foliis similibus. sursum gradatim minoribus vel fere obsoletis,
labio.
nplicato to breviter bilobato lobis rotundatis, labio antico brevissime
tridentato dentibus mde ion labio postico adherentibus denti inter-
medio intermediis saltem dimidio breviore, staminibus 4 inclusis antheris
barbatis per paria conniventibu, filamentis filiformibus glabris, ovario
opis hirsutulo, stylo filiformi inter lobos labii superioris brevissime
(matura non visa) ovoidea calyce inclusa seminibus
Habitat.—Western. China: in shady copses, Mongtse, Yunnan,
Hancock, 148... ]
Folia cum petiolo 1-24 poll. longa; gov 14-3 lin. ME
Racemi circiter semipedales ; pedicelli 1-3 lin. longi. Flores 1-1} poll.
longi. Corolle tubus brevissimus ; boot posticum dentem inter-
medium labii antici circiter 6—7 lin. superans.
Mr. Hancock describes this as having wed isa rich-red flowers ;
and, as die are borne in great profusion, this shrub must be very
ornamental. - differs bec d from the other ‘now species in
emose flowers, and in the very great inequality of the lips
of the corolla, the. upper Tip being 6-7 lines longer than the middle lobe
of the lower lip.
4. Didissandra longipes, Hems/. rper som fere
nca Mision caule, ut videtur, brevissim i gracili paucifoliato, foliis
oppositis longissime petiolatis crassis vix coriaceis oblongis obovatis vel
Vir a obtusis dem subtus pallidis, venis primariis lateralibus
sepius 4 subtus sat conspieuis, pedunculis gracilibus elongatis
vel Leite center apice 4-6 floris, pain racili-
ni ibus speciosis, calycis segmen is fere liberis
. lanceolatis acute- etra ti corolla tenuissima. icis tubo cur-
vato lato ventricoso, limbo ’belobo — — quie antico
115
malto longiore, lobis omnibus rotundatis, staminibus 4 inclusis in-
eurvis filamentis filiformibus glabris, antheris per paria © cohwrenti-
bus, ovario puberulo, stylo fi iformi breviter exserto, capsala lineari
recta UEM seminibus 7
rx
Ha —Western China: in crevices of shady rocks, in a dark
Dioni. ile Mongste, Yunnan, Hancock, 50.
Folii. lamina 2-4 poll. longa; petiolus 14-3 poll. longus. Pedunculi
en poll. ee Pedicelli Eig poll, -— Calycis fructiferi seg-
nta 5-6 lin. longa. Capsula 14-2 poll. longa. .
Mr. d does not describe the colours of the flowers of this
evidently very elegant plant. All one can uy from the dre — i
is that poe are pale and spotted.
4:5. 175. Petrocosmea grandiflora, Z/7emsl. [Gesneracew-Cyrtand res];
acaulis, cxspitosa, foliis numerosis onpreegie longe vel lon Dgiasime I potipjatis
mollibus papyraceis undique longe sericeo-pilosis oblongis
ovatisve rarius fere orbicularibus vix E ados basi cuneatis vel interdum
rotundatis, petiolo gracili, pedunculis gracilibus unifloris. perraro bi
medio bibracteatis, bracteis parvis linearibus, calycis ea mpenge forè
liberis inæquilongis anguste lanceolatis acutis pilosis, corolla extus par-
cissime hirsutula obliqua inzqualiter bilabiata, labio lies multo
minore, . lobis omnibus latis rotundatis, staminibus 2 filamentis brevibus
incrassatis hirsutis antheris magnis loculis connectivo incrassato hir
suto Gobet ovario hirsuto, PO hirsuto gracili bis curvato id est
rurs wm orsum curvato, capsula i nota.
—Western China ;. crevices of limestone precipices ¢ at t 6400
feet, Mongste, Yunnan, Hancock, 115.
“Folia maxima cum petiolo 6 poll. longa; lamina 3-21 poll, longa.
mirer 1-2 poll.longi. Calycis segmenta. gm ms “et Corolla
=I} poll. diametro ; labium anticum 10-12 li
Mr. Hancock itin the flowers of this mig te little rises -
cobalt blue. The only other ag known is Oliv.,
Hooker’s Zeones Plantarum, t 1716. raqsW, i
176. Vitex syringefolia, Baker Nette] fruticosa, pi,
foliis longe ' petiolatis simplicibus oblongis acutis integris basi rotundatis
utrinque v Ms oct floribus in cymas sessiles multifloras dis spositis,
dicellis yee campanulato viridi lobis parvis Br corolle
tubo peg lobis obtusis tubo æquilo
Habitat. —[Interior of Western — Dr. pee
olia 3-4 poll. longa, 2-24 poll. lata. heat anaes 3 lin.
longus. Corolle tubus 1j lin. ams lobos :equan
Allied to V. simplicifolia, Oliv. in Trans. Fr Boca: XXIX.
136, t. 130.
177. Clerodendron csruleum, V. Æ. Brown Eee pen fmti-
cosum, ramilis tetragonis jabs bifariam berulis | senioribus
glabris cinereis, plus minusve verruco niola, foliis €
petiolatis ovatis ovato- lanceolatis v suboblongis acutis basi cuneato-
acutis utrinque grosse 3—4-dentatis rar) integris supra et Rubens ad
nervos sparsissime pubescentibus marginibus ciliolatis nervis Dries
c2
116
utrinque 3—5 subtus prominentibus pedunculis axillaribus quam folia
brevioribus gracilibus unifaria uberulis apice 1-vel 3 - floris
bracteatis, bracteis e atis gabe pedicellis brevibus patentibus
vel subdeflexis glabris, calyce campanulato ad medium quinquifido
glabro beers bus deltoideo-attenuatis acutis, corolla tubo subrecto sub-
sso calyce duplo longiore, limbo inzequaliter 5-lobo ezruleo lobo
inferiore cuneato-obovato subtruncato lobis intermediis brevioribus
ellipticis obtusis superiori bus major ribus oblique ellipticis obtusis,
staminibus styloque longe exsertis incurvis, fructu quadrilobo glabro.
Habitat.—South Africa: Natal, Gerrard, 1252, Mooi eius Valley,
2000-3000 ft., Sutherland ; Swaziland, Mrs. K. Saunder
Foliorum petioli 1-6 lin. 2e lamine 4 lin.—24 poll. As 2 lin.-
1 poll. late. Pedunculi 3-1} poll. longi. Bractee 1-14 lin. longs.
Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi. Civile tubus 3} lin. longus, limbus 7-8 lin.
diam. Stamina 8 lin. longa.
Allied to C. myricoides, R. Br., but easily recognised by its much
narrower «i very acute calyx-teet th.
Sis Clerodendron polycephalum, Baker [ Verbenacez] ; fruticosum,
i l
tubo T calyce 2—3-plo longiore, lobis parvis obovatis, staminibns
elougatis
Habitat.—Interior of western Lagos, Dr. Rowland.
Folia 3-4 poll. longa, 2-21 poll. lata. Calyx A lin. longus. Corolle
tubus 3-4 lin. longus, limbus expansus 14 lin. dia
Ranks amongst the small-flowered species of the subgenus Euclero-
dendron near C. formicarum, Gürke in Engl. Jahrb. XVIII. 179. *
179. Nepenthes Smilesii, Hems/. [Nepenthacez] ; ; parva, acaulescens?
vel saltem rámulis floriferis interdum valde abbreviatis fere undique
plus. minusve puberulis, foliis confertis angustis utrinque attenuatis,
mediocribus recurvo-erectis fere cylindricis, costis anticis anguste
cylindraceo transversim crebre were operculo fere orbieulari infra
multiglanduloso, floribus d ferrugir racemosis,
racemis longe pedunvulatis, pedicellis —À perianthii segmentis
ovalibus concavis, antheris 8 uniseriatis
Habitat —Northern Siam: grows on grass land on the ground, at
Baw Saw, Nam Kawng, F. H. Smiles.
Lamina folii 4-6 poll. longa. | Cirrhus 1-2 poll. longus. Ascidia
2-3 poll. longa. Operculum 9-15 lin. latum. Paupur 10-12 poll.
altus,
Mr. tent describes this as having a green pitcher with a red cover
and a red border.
pogon clavatus, Wright emere ae opogoneæ J:
è gracili repen ente squam m foliis
117
subterminalibus pénis oblongis apice obtusis hasi acutis 11-nerviis,
racemis interfoliaceis paucifloris, perianthii segmentis exterioribus
acutis interifFi bus: quam exteriores latioribus dilute "rubentibus margini-
bus undulatis, e 6 filamentis brevibus antheris lanceolatis
prope apices dehiscentibus, ovario 1o inito triloculari, ovulis 2 in quoque
loculo vollatiralibus; soto filifor
Habitat.—China: Patung, A. EU ans 6065; Kuei, A. Henry,
60654.
Petiolus 2 poll. longus; lamina 2-3 poll. longa, 6 lin
Biete 9 lin. diam. Anthere 3 lin. longe. Stylus 4 lin. longus.
Allied to O. dracenoides, Hook. f., but Senne? in the shape of the
leaves n the larger but less numerous flowers
£-150 . Stemona erecta, Wright [Roxburghiacez |; herba erecta, glabra,
ate gom foliis verticillatis eme cuspidatis vel breviter et subito
acuminatis basi in petiolum brevem contractis trinerviis vel cum nervis
arcte margin nalibus 5-nerviis, nervis transversis pluribus approximatis,
floribus in axillis cataphyllorum che aa basin caulis, pedunculis floribus
planam anthera longiorem producto, ovario uniloculari, ovulis 3-6 erectis.
Habitat.—China : Nanking, C. Schmidt, 1541, Herb. Faber.
Folia 2-24 poll. longa, J poll. lata. JPerianthii segmenta 6-7 lin.
nga.
lon
The nearest ally of this species is Stemona sessilifolia, Miq., figured
in the Somoku Zusetsu, Vol. IF., t. 55, whi ich also has the leaves
arranged in whorls of fours, but differs in having the flowers on much
Ing
longer pedicels and solitary from the axils of fully developed leaves.
4^9 182. Smilax scobinicaulis, Wright [Liliaceæ-Smilaceæ] ; frutex
ramosus, ramis canaliculatis spinis tenuibus atris vestitis, foliis ovatis
acutis glabris 7-nerviis, stipulis ad petiolum adnatis apice cirrhiferis,
pedunculo quam petiolus multo breviore, pedicellis circa 8, floribus
ignotis, perianthio persistente normali, bacca globosa.
Habitat.—China : Hupeh, A. Henry, 6554.
Folia 5 poll. yam ; poll. lata ; petiolus 1 poll. longus. Pedicelli
3lin. longi. Bae in. diam
Readily Peut from the other — species by the numerous
black, fragile prickles, which clothe the stem, as in some forms of
Smilax californica, A. Gr. (Watson, Bot. Calif ii., p. 186).
avt. mr Smilax microphylla, Wright [Liliacese-Smilacev ] ; suffruticosa,
e ramosissimo plus minusve angulato spinis parvis vestito, foliis
chong subacutis glabris subtus glaucescent tibus 3—5 nerviis, floribus d
ca duodecim, segmentis perianthii recurvis interi oribus quam ex-
gus angustioribus, staminibus 6 antheris albis, rudimento ovarii
nila: floribus 9 non visis, bacca globosa nigra parva 1-sperma.
Habita!.— China: Hupeh, Ichang, 4. Henry, 1521, 3089, 30894,
3980, 3996, 4410.
118
Folia 1-1} poll. longa, 3-10 lin. lata ; petiolus 2 lin. oam Pedun-
culus 2 lin. longus ; pedicelli 5 lin. longi. Bacca 3 lin. diam
This appears to be related to Smilax obtusa, Bth., from Mexico. It
can be distinguished from the other Chinese species by its small,
glaucous, somewhat coriaceous leaves.
Biga Smilax (Eusmilax) flaccida, Wright [ Liliacez-Smilaceze] ; suffru-
ticosa, ramosa, inermis, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis rectis vel leviter
curvatis labris nervis primariis 3-5 ultimis retieulatis conspicuis,
. LJ LI L4 . us
filiformibus quam perianthium paulo brevioribus, rudimento ovarii nullo,
"— te 9 floribus cirea 6, perianthio masculo simili sed segmentis
e plus minusve per paria "adherentibus, ovario triloculari, ovulis
geminatis, stigmatibus 3 subsessilibus, fructu igno
Habitat.—China: Hupeh, Ichang, A. Henry, 3630, 36304, 3630s.
Folia i [en longa, UM poll. lata; petiolus 3-6 lin. Mt Pedun-
oll. lo 6 lin. longus; rcd t 9 3 lin. longi.
du innt MEUS resemble. those of E + pareil
> stem has not the same zigzag uitio;
“0° 185. Smilax (Eusmilax) megalantha, Wright [Liliacen-Smilacon];
fruticosa, caule flexuoso leviter sulcato paucis spinis brevibus com-
pressis armato, foliis ovatis acutis subtus gerne nervis
primariis 3, petiolo usque ad medium vaginato, vagina apice cirrhi-
fera, corymbo. subumbellato.ad axillam folii rami. lateralis producto,
braeteolis subulatis, flore - perianthio 6-partito, segmentis lanceolatis
acuminatis exterioribus am interiores latioribus, staminibus 6,
filamentis filiformibus qua eave prine segmenta. brevioribus, flore 9
non viso, fructu globoso sepius I-spermo.
Habitat.—Ohina: Szechuen, Pratt, 811 ; Mt. Omei, Faber, 241.
Folia 31 pol. longa, 2 poll. lata; per 1 Pole longus.
Perianthium 6 lin. longum. Fructus 6 lin. dia
This species somewhat resembles Smilax stenopeta uim oe Gr., but
differs in the inflorescence, which, instead of arising directly from the
axil of a mature leaf, consists of a contracted raceme borne in the Hes of
a very young leaf, rarely an inch long, situated on an axillary branch
about 4 inches long, ~ Aw base of which a large bud-scale persists
opposite to the leaf-shes
We? 186. Paradisia minor, Wright [Litiaces-Asphodelem] ; herba
rhizomate . brevissimo, foliis Tagen: lin earibus acutis
membranaceis, i, pedicdlli brevibus, pe rianthio {apania Marnieütis
c
^ voodi
ET ior p æquilon
bh PE EM Yunnan, at 6000 ft; W. Hancock, 94. e
, AAD
pott
(N
119
Folia 8 poll. longa, 4 lin. lata. Scapus 14 ped. longus. -Pedicelli
3 lin. longi. Perianthium 1 poll. longum. Filamenta 4 4 lin. longa;
anthere 5 lin. longer. Stylus 9 lin. longus.
187. Allium (Rhiziridium) Henryi, Wright [Liliaces-Al liew | ;
herbaceum glabrum, rhizomate perpendiouli- fibris reticulatis dense
vestito, foliis linearibus acuminatis quam scapus paulo longioribus,
scapo tenui glabro v
breviter connatis quam perianthium 'vix' longioribus iis staminum
interiorum dentibus lateralibus brevibus instructis ovario trilobo, stylo
quam perianthium sesquilongiore.
Habitat.—China: Hupeh, Bangia T Hoe y, 6924.
Rhizoma 5 poll. longum. Scapus 8 poll. d Pedicelli 6-8 lin.
longi. JPerianthii segmenta 3 lin. longa, 1j lin
This is allied to Allium przewalskianum B ee Rgl., from
which it differs in nev ABE nger leaves and pedicels, a shorter broader
spathe, and fewer flowers
188. Aloe Buchanani, Baker (Liliaces]; acaulis, foliis productis
8-10 lineari-subulatis distichis confertis facie profunde eanaliculatis
dorso rotundatis sepissime prope basin minute albo-maculatis, aculeis
marginalibus paucis minutissimis, seapo simplici Ae iren bracteis
pluribus vacuis parvis ovatis adpressis predito, race so paucifloro,
pedicellis longissimis ascendentibus, bracteis is ovatis viridibus
imbrieatis, perianthio cylindrico pallide rubello sursum viridulo, tubo
brevissimo, lobis linearibus, genitalibus perianthio xquilongis.
Habitat.—Tropical Africa: Shiré Lr Buchanan. Described
from a plant that flowered at Kew, December 1894.
Folia pedalia vel sesquipedalia basi 6—7 lin. diam. Scapus €
pedalis. ram dA 13-2 poll. longi. Bractee 5-6 lin. longs». Peria
thium pollica
Very near a Cooperi, Baker (Bot. Mag., tab. 6377), from whieh. it
differs by its smaller flowers and leaves rounded on the back.
9. Dipeadi onanie VELA [Liliacez] ; bulbo magno subgloboso
ete exterioribus mem brunneis, foliis linearibus firmis
synanthiis glabris, pedun Wb pa e elongato, racemo laxo
subsecundo, icellis. brevibus ascendentibus, bracteis parvis ovatis,
Luise viridi, tubo oblongo lobis interioribus Ania erectis,
Ha bitát. —Tropical Aste ica: near Wallis, Searcies, on hard ide)
laterite, Scott Elliot, 4840 (Sietra Leone Boundary Commission). ——
Bulbus-2 poll. diam. Folia semipedalia 3-4 li n. lata. Scapus 4—6-
pollicaris. -Hacemus 2-6 florus, 1-3 poll. Di Pedicelli 14 lin.
longi. Perianthium 6 lin. longum, lobis exterioribus 2-3 lin. longis.
Allied to the Abyssinian D. tacazzeanum and unifolium.
N. E. Brown [ Aroidez] ; noi A esta
190. Al æquiloba,
foliorum pétiolo quam lamina longiore pallide viridi, lam astato-
sagittata lobo terminalo oblongo apice breviter cuspidato iio dpa
120
undulato-sinuato lobis basalibus oblongo- lanceolatis ee antico sub-
uilongis sinu hyperbolico late sejunctis integris ina superiore
viridi nitida inferiore pallide viridi, coste antice sabre utrinque 4—6,
rum rum nervis 3-6 exterioribus 2-3 interioribus omnibus
utrinque parum prominentibus, Siret tereti pallide viridi, spathæ
tubo anguste ellipsoideo-oblongo antice plano dorso convexo viridi nitido
quam lamina oblonga acuta reflexa pias EE e breviore
omnino viridi extus nitida, spadice quam. spat ulto breviore parte
fertili quam appendice tereti subobtusa lævi heec, sublon gon, ovariis
sublaxis 6—7-eyclis globoso- -ellipsoideis stylis brevibus WU uan parvis
3-lobis pallidissime flavo-viri idibus, organis neutris floribusque masculis
ochraceis.
Habitat.—German New Guinea.
Foliorum petioli 1—2 ped. longi, lamina petiolo Pun terminali
7-124 poll. longo, 3-6 poll. lato, lobis basalibus 6 6 1-114 poll. longis,
13-21 "AE latis. Pedunculus 9 poll. vel ultra longus. Spathe tubus
1i on longus, 5 lin. crassus, lamina 21 poll. longa, ll dn. lata. Spadia
22 poll. longus, parte feminea 6 lin. anc neu € 6 lin. longa, mascula
7 lin. longa, appendice 14 lin. longa, 2 lin. ¢
A -— distinct species, intermediate between the entire-leaved kinds
iptio made. e inflo
rescence was from a small plant, and it Ep pais larger ESTE
than those given above
CCCCLVIII.— MISCELLANEOUS NOTES,
The death of the celebrated horticulturist, Mr. J. W. PN Y at
the ripe age of 90, is recorded in the Last "Sussex News for Fri
a 5, 1895. He was educated at Shrewsbury Grammar School, the
late Charles Darwin being a fellow pupil, and he was employed in the
Royal Gardens under Mr. Aiton in 1819. He afterwards became head
gardener at Syon House, the residence of the Duke of Northeiiibethnd.
In 1835, after five years’ service at Syon House, he went into business
as a nurseryman. Last year he paid a visit to Kew, and shortly after-
wards wrote the following | letter. The Kew Guild is'an Association of
Kew Gardeners, Past and Present, formed in 1893. It menn
iis. a journal for circulation among its members, and the number
for 1894 contains a portrait of Mr. Thomson, with a very interesting
paper by him, entitled * Reminiscences of an Old Kevite."
Hortalan Lodge, Hayward's Heat
Str, November t 7 1994
WHEN visiting Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, September llth, I
omitted to inform you that by my will I had arranged and invested a
sufficient sum in the New South Wales Stock, now paying 34 per cent.,
ad would realise annually wie guineas, my present contribution (a mere
mite) towards the ncurred Nene by the publication of the
A EE is to Be. paid every every, yeur on my birthda th
~
121
cay of March, as a donation in perpetuity, and for all time, as a gift.
rom J. W. "Thomson, 1 in 91st year; the Stock will stand in the name of
og director for the time being.
I also intend, so long as the pu. fh in his great Sonne permits
me to occupy a locus stand: in boundless space, also to perambulate
en Jirma, to contribute my annual Jonai of five guineas to the
uild.
m, &c,
Ia j
(Signed) J. W. THOMSON.
Wak; DP ET ee Esq
C.M.G., C.LE., FRS; “PhD. F.L.S.
News was received with great regret at Kew in March last of the
death of Mr. WILLIAM CROWTHER, who for the last four years pl been
the able and efficient curator of the Botanic Station at Pe n the
Gold Coast. Mr. Crowther was appointed in 1889 (K. w Bulletin,
1891, pp. 169-173). He fully justified the selection for the post, and,
as shown in these pages (Kew Bulletin, 1892, PP 14 and 297 ; 1893,
pp. 160—62), the station at Aburi, covering nearly forty acres of land,
had been admirably planned and was established | with valuable economic
trees and shrubs brought together from all parts of the world. In
addition, there were large nurseries for supplying seedling plants of
coffee, cacao, and spices to the natives for starting new industries.
the work of the station the curator had from the first the judicious and
sympainens guidance of Sir William Brandford Griffith, K.C.M.G., to
h it owes both its inception and success.
e
return he prepare ared a very interesting report giving an account of
his mission, pointing out the special subjects likely to v won
cultivated in West Africa (Kew Bulletin, 1894, p. 227).
Mr. Crowther's removal is a great blow to botanical enterprise in this
part of the world. The station at Aburi is at an elevation of 1500 ft.,
and attached to it is a sanatorium for European officers. The locality
is, therefore, regarded a: | EN healthy. From a despatch
addressed to the Colonial Office by Sir W. Brandford Griffith, it
appears that . Crowther died from abscess of the liver. His
d Mo: was at Aburi at the time, adds, * I saw him frequently
ing illness. He gradually sank and died on the 16th March.
Tn were interred in the cemetery at Accra, his funeral bei
largely attended by several publie officers and others who "Yee
his untimely death. By this sad event the Government has lost
of its most valuable officers."
Botanical — The most remarkable n represented in the
number lor March is "Weldenie uc (Lampra volcanica), a member
of the Commelinacee, referred to in the Bulletin for 1894, p. 135, on
the occasion of its flowering at Rew: t has a curious history, which
is not fully given in the notes in question. Dr.. chultes, junior,
first described it, in 1829, from specimens purporting to have been
122
collected by Karwinski in the Nevado de Toluca, Mexico, and two other
Mexican localities are recorded ; yet it appears that no end ecd
has met with it in Mexico, and there are no Mexicán specimens a
Hartweg collected it in the Volean de Agua, Guatemala, in | 1837; w
an
sented to Kew by M. de Falbe, formerly Danish Minister to the Court
of St. James. Disa sagittalis, a relatively enpo South
African orchid, was presented to t oyal Garde y H. J. Elwes,
S Veronica regere g one of uo numerous New Zealand species,
flowered in the Rock Garden at Kew in 1893; and pres dependens
(Duvaua Mee i native of Chili, i is a hardy sh b of no great
ornamental character, thongh 4 — iR wan riei de with a
profusion of its wait yellow flowers. It was raised at Kew from seed
obtained from the Botanic Garden of Santiag
"The April number consists en entirely of planté that = flowered at
PE ns dein jr ana (Euphorbiaces) is a native of the
Philippine Islands, w! ere it was discovered b Mr. Maris Porte, and
after whom it is named. A young plant was sent from the Jardin des
Plan ntes, iet in 1892, and it tias long been a very mm peek in sd
obtained from a continental nurseryman. Jzianthes retzioides (Scro-
panapo) i is an exceedingly rare, indeed, almost’ extinct, South African
shrub, having large yellow flowers. lants were raised at Kew from
seed sent in n 1891 by Prof. MacOwan, Government Botanist at Cape-
town. Piptospatha Ridleyi, a small aroid, discovered in Johore, and
sent to Kew by Mr. H. N. Ridley, Director ‘of the Garden and Forest
Department of the Straits Settlements. Magnolia parviflora, a native
of Japan, was figured from a plant, obtained from Yokohama, which
flowered in the Arboretum last June.
Hooker's Icones Plantarum.— The third part of the fourth volume,
(fourth series) appeared in April, and contains, among Seer things,
figures of the principal rare plants of Mr. Bent's Hadramaut ex pedition
described in the Kew Bulletin, 1894, pp. 328-343. A second figure of
the very singular Chinese tree, Eucommia gerer Oliv., represents
we
Professor D. Oliver now refers it to the neighbourhood of Trochodendron,
Another very oe plant figured is Circeaster agrestis, Maxim.
It was at first suggested that its affinity lay in the direction of the
€ ofessor Oliver is now inclined to regard it as a
a secon tt alia
To ar etae i. pa
123
is e however, that Mr. Smiles will send fuller, material, w when
xpected,
the structure will again be investigated. The remainder of this part of
the Zcones is chiefly devoted to African plants.
Organization of the Fossil Plants of the Coal-Measures. pe
W. C. Williamson, and Dr. D. H. Scott, the honorary keeper of the
Jodrell sprite ink ak = — - an ‘elaborately illustrated article
on. the minute stru of Calamites, .Calamostachys and
Sphenophyllum, lately o ng in the Philosophical Transactions
the Royal Society of London. The leading idea was to elucidate
the strueture of fossil plants by exact comparison with the structure of
living A The paper opens with a detailed comparison of the
primary structure of the stem of Calamites with that of the stem of
Equisetum, followed by an account of the secondary growth and branch-
Homosporous and heterosporous species of Calamostachys are
first rise of the phenomenon of heterospory can be traced. In the
diseussion on the affinities of Sphenophyllum it is stated that the struc-
ture is now known throughout with great accuracy, that its position
still remains an isolated one, and that it is a eryptogamous type not
represented in the existing flora. The illustrations are exceedingly
good, especially those reproduced from Mr. George Brebner’s beautiful
draw ings.
* scaena
Himalayan «ulic-la the Kew eos 1894, p. 196, a a note. was
published Tespeating a Himalayan Rubus cultivated at Kew, that had
proved of s interest in Queensland. This was Rubus ellipticus,
Smith (R. flavus, Ham. ). The fruit is of “a pale yellow colour when
ripe, and possesses the full raspberry flavour with a delightful sub-
acidity which renders it most palatable.” |The plant has now al
Garden in the Blue Mountains. The distribution of these temperate
Himalayan Rubi under cultivation, is a fact of some interest. R.
biflorus, Ham., a strong rambling ana, with the stem and brane
white with glaueous bloom grows in the open air at Kew, while Metu
species the very variable A. lasiocarpus, Smith, with the leaflets hoary
with white tomentum, flourishes at the Glasnevin Botanie Gardens, In
Mr. mea ain interesting report for the year 1894, just are it is
Rubus racemosus, Roxb., whieh he calls the
* Himstayatt dem Ot has been a success in Jamaica and plants
have been distributed. Sir Joseph Hooker (Flora 0 yon hors
ii, s ras gards this species as an extreme form o
nding to an
altitude of 7,000 feet in the Sikkim Him agna: is a robust. climber with
palmately lobed leaves dearly a foot in diameter. There is a specim
of it in the temperate house at Kew, where its stems, often 40 feet eg
hang from the gallery.
124
Another Himalayan Rubus now widely distributed in different parts
of the world is Rubus rosefolius, Smith (Bot. Mag., t. 6970). Aiton
in the second edition of Hortus Kewensis says that it was introduced to
this county by Sir Joseph Banks from the Cape of Good Hope and
lena. Sir Joseph Hooker found it abundant in the latter island
According to Mr. Baker (Flora of Lus ae a p. 96) it was
introduced to that island from the Malay Archipelago n 1780. It is
now found aiso in many of the West Indian ^ lie especially in
Martinique and Dominica. Dr. Nicholls, F.L.S. (Kew Bulletin,
1888, p. 207), includes it under the fruits of Dominica. It is known
there as Fraist or Red-berry. He adds “this fruit, which evidently
es rom cultivation many years ago, is now wild and occurs
abundantly along the roadsides i in several distriets of the island.
careful cultivation it might be so improved as to make a very fine fruit ;
but in its wild condition it is too full of seeds to entitle it to take bigh
vank. tis eaten with cream like strawberries and is also made into
am.”
Rubus rosefolius is often cultivated in gardens where its evergreen
foliage, the delicate white of the petals and above all the red fruit,
copiously produced, render it very attractive. There is a va riety
: R, olius var. coronarius) with double white flowers (Bot.
~ Mag, t. 1783) cultivated as a garden shrub in Japan, and sometimes
~ seen in greenhouses in this country. ak
Supplement to Pritzel’s Inconum Botanicarum Index.—Since the
publication of the original work it has been the practice at Kew to enter
in an interleaved egei references to all figures of plants as they are
published ; at least so far as it could be done. Some monographs, such
as those in the Annals of the Calcutta Botanic Garden, in whic
are given of all the Indian species, have not yet been entered, Sargent’s
Silva of North America is another instance; but in each case little
difficulty is experienced, because all the species are figured and syste-
mutically arranged. Neve 'ertheless, it is desirable that they should
eventually be entered, because it is not every botanist that is aware of
the MÀ of these books.
Last Dr. Balfour, the Regius Keeper of the Edinburgh Botanic
Garden, obtained the sanction of the authorities to have a transcript made
of all the manuscript additions in the Kew interleaved copy of Pritzel, for
the use of the Edinburgh establishment. ‘This was accordingly done z
strictly alphabetical arrangement being followed. It was evident that
great convenience and saving of time would be gained by duplicating
this for Kew. The manuscript entries in the Kew Pritzel are in a
variety of hands, some of them not very legible, very much crowded in
some | and not in one alphabetical sequence. Consequently it was
decided to have three type-written copies made; one each for Calcutta,
Kew and Edinburgh ; each establishment paying a third of the cost of
production. This Kew Supplement was completed by the end of
February, —-— contains upwards of 50,000 entries. During the time
the work was in progress about 1,000 entries accumulated, and
these ein ed added i in the blank same: left for the purpose of
L containing the elton
125
a abe Plants.—Through Dr. B. L. Robinson, Curator of the
Gray Herbarium, Harvard, Kew has received a set of about 260 s species
of dried plants, including a number not recorded from the island in any
of the existing lists, the most complete of which is embodied in
e of Canadian Plants. One of the most striking
numerous Vacciniacez and Ericacex, baleen the et PR
berry-bearing kinds, which clothe the sw mps and open w Maco
enumerates upwar rds of twenty species "belaia to the two apis]
orders in question.
North Mexican Plants.—Kew has acquired by purchase a collection
of dried plants, numbering about 550 species, collected by Dr. C.
Lumholtz. They are from the Sierra Madre region in the north-west,
where Seemann collected forty-five years ago. There is a considerable
number of novelties including a Pinus and a Bravoa—A maryllidaces.
Orange-Growing in Florida and Jamaica.— The recent vM ge
weather in the qaae United States wr dn o have ha
destruetive effect upon the orange trees, pine RE, and oue id
ous the orange groves
than the first, when, as we have stated ER the crop of fruit was
presto destroyed. ‘Che oa trees, which had not been killed
had begun to put forth leaf-buds and fruit-buds, and this second coid
wave B evidently destroyed these and apparently ruined the next
crop.” In a later number (February 27, p. 90,) the same authority
remarks : * But for pct hers periods of zero weather which
favourable conditions for profit to. the growers." Dr. Mead quoted
Gardener? Magazine (March 9, 1895), "E ien further
particulars: * All early vegetables, as well as the whole crop of o;
are ruined; oue gens thousand boxes of strawberries which would
have been shipped between February aå and March 10 are at Aa
Fine apples have Baen nearly all destroyed. ‘This serious frost
coming after the previous destruction of the orange p” means
absolute ruin to the Flori wers as now there will be no crop next
year, if indeed, Florida is not permanently disabled in the matter of
citron culture.”
The effect on garden plants was equally destructive. The following
extract is taken from a very interesting letter addressed to Kew,
on the 25th February last, by Mr. H. Nehrling, "s the Public Museum
Milwaukee :—“In my ‘South Florida garden, south of ME 28,
bove z
Thousands and thousands of orange trees were killed, nd most of
126
my tropical plants such as Pleroma, Meyenia, Hibiscus, Araucaria,
Bignonia, Cestrum, lochroma, Melaleuca, Metrosideros, Taber-
nemontana, &c., &c., were hurt beyond recovery. Even such
plants as Daphne v Clethra arborea, Hydrangea hortensis,
Myrtus communis, Nerium Oleander, lllicium. religioswun, Michelia
fuscata, Gardenia pen &e., &c., were killed to the ground. e
ies of Phenix lost all their leaves, while most of the Cocos and
Sabals were buy slightly injured. Acrocomia Totai lost many ‘of
its leaves and even Chamezrops humilis suffered a little.
“I think the plants of Southern Japan and China will be
more in the gardens of Florida in biboio as they are perfectly adapted
to the soil and climate."
One effect ofthe disaster that imi overtaken Florida in the matter
of .oranges is to turn the attention of growers to the a iis o
ores by Jamas = "o other islands in the West Indies for
t growing. the speech by Sir Henry Blake, K.C.M.G.,
the opening of the Legislative Council of Jamaica on February 12,
he said :
Nee «I have received. from Florida several applications for information as
to the prospects of orange-grow persons whose groves have been
ruined T She int severe vn, and who realise — precarious nature o
! exce
of the Jamaica orange, grown as it is without enitivatites or care, it is
evident that with a soil and "etinasté especially suited to the growth of
the citron tribe this Island could with systematic cultivation produce
enormous crops of oranges, lemons, grapo -fruit and shaddock equal in
quality ae that of any fruit in the American or European market.
me the introduction of a rapide iie - ought to be
v Bo uisa do stable as the eutivation of sugar or bananas.'
Tt is probable that the influx of a few capable men fen Florida, with
good experience in growing and packing oranges might be of signal
D
service to Jamaica. A more careful cultivation and selection of the best
Kew for many years. In a recent letter addressed to the Colonial Office the
tit miferi were made :—“ It has always been a matter :
surprise that the export " oranges from Jamaiea has made
little progress of late ed It is stated, on trustworthy authority,
that those already gro aci Mierio to those produced in Florida,
and a good market opi be found for them in the United States and
the United Kingdom. To stimulate this industry, amongst other
steps, a small intermediate cm should be started on the ora nge
zone at 2—3,000 ft. elevation. Here the obtainable kinds might
rown, "theif cultural treatment demonstrated, and instruction
given in the proper modes of handling aia packing.” It might be
added that the Botanic Gardens in Jamaica have for a long period
endeavoured to encourage an orange industry in the island. From the
returns furnished in the Annual Reports it appears. that orange plants
000
Also lemons, citron lemons, and the best Mandarin and Tangerine
oranges. Jamaica has now an — Te rtunity, and it should
a coer ann artes the present. circ soa to establish
as one of the chief. "ard of auis
BID
à jw po “boli SR eu Yu Su, Hi dC GDINGIM Duk iBetod i
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
Nos. 162, 103.] . JUNE and JULY. (1895.
CCCCLIX.—MAPLE SUGAR.
(Acer saccharinum, Wangh.)
‘Valuable sugar, and syrup, are yt in the United States Tu
anada from the stem of the Sugar Maple. Sa stems are bored
ind
uoce tract of country and the produce is used locally. Little, if
any of it, comes into external commerce. Hitherto it has been difficult
our rte (or sycamore), is smooth, the: wings vary from half an inch to
rather more than an ineh in length and are broad, thin, iid usual]
ex
Sire the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia and Florida; westward
erie yd the St. Lawrence to Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas,
rn
this us ‘stitched to England in 1735. The'timber is more
puc ss and more gener erall ‘used than that of any —
maple. Accidental forms of the wood, known as * curled: — "
due to the abundance of the s — nila uii is uns rre in
The nutritious and sugary propeities of the sap of - coma were
known to the Indians before the om settlement t of Eur
per Tt has the appearance of raw cane-sugar, except that it is rather
darker in colour, and it loses in refining the pe flavour for which it
ed. It often contains a considerable per-centage of malate of
tance that feels like sand. in che, mouth, and seems; to
A
87550. 1375.—6/95. Wt. 308.
128
increase in quantity in proportion to the length of time the tree has been
tapped.”
Professor Sargent (Silva of North America, ii. = from whom the
llows
above extracts have been taken, quotes as fo
* Sugar making begins with the upward fow m the crude sap, or
is early or late, and continues during three or fo rees 20 or
30 years old are considered the most productive ieu ield the purest
sugar, although sap can be drawn from the tree year after year without
seriously injuring it. "Trees exist = northern NN ork which are
of sugar, or Ps to 31 ounces per gallon. Individual trees,
wever, Meter in productiveness; an hose sanang by
themselves HTT ground, with a large development of r and
branches, Suid yield more sap than trees crowded together’ in the
forest. The highest per-centage of sugar recorded is 10° *20 for a tree
in Vermont, in a small flow late in the season, 5°01 per cent. being the
average of th = ore Se the season.” (Wiley, Bull. 51, Chem. Div.
T Mh i8
x “The following article takeh foi the Louisiana Planter, February
2, 1895, gives the present production of maple sugar in the United
; es :—
“ During the existence of the bounty law it was thought that data
would be secured covering the entire production of maple sugar in the
United States, but the great number o pue producers who made no
applieation for the bounty, owing to the small amounts involved, has
rendered the data very incomplete, although the total production of this
article is far greater than most pers e rom the last report of
the same production. From this it would scem that the total produetion
of maple sugars in the United States exceeds 10,000,000 pounds, and as
this jus is sold as candy rather than sugar, and as an immense
amount of maple molasses or syrup is sold without being manufactured
‘into sugar, it is evident that the total rent of sugar and syrup
from maple sap reaches about $1,000,000 annually.
^ — Hampshire leads in maple sugar eim with a yield of
5,000,000 pounds. New York follows with the produetion
nop us 1,500,000 pounds, Pennsylvania about half a million, Ohio
a — less than half a million, other ptum reporting smaller quantities.
r 8,600,000 trees were tapped to produce 7,500,000 pounds of
ird indicating an average production of about two pound: per tree
per season
Brigade e-Sak eon Aitchison, C.I.E., F.R.S., who was much interak
in the introduction of the sugar maple into Kashmir, applied to Kew fo
nssistan taining a supply seed. After some difficulty a
sufficient quantity was obtained through the kind offices of Messrs.
. Thomas Meehan & Son, of Germantown, Philadelphia, and des
to Indi, Te in the letter of advice :—“ You are no doubt
129-
-well aware that in the case of the double samara of the sugar maple one
of them is almost invariably hollow. It is rare to find both good.” Qd
CCOCLX.—ANBURY, CLUB-ROOT, OR FINGER AND
TOE
(With plate.)
"This unfortunately well-known plant malady has been made the
subjeet of the most careful scientifie investigation. Of this a good
aecount is given by Mr. Carruthers in the Journal of t. oyal
fdiowing du Society, 3rd ser., vol. ia PP 334-339 (1893). The-
ion i ed from
invégulir warty excrescences. In the progress ti the disease the bulb
‘itself becomes rotten, and in the advanced stages a most offensive putrid
odour is pa off.”
The appearance of the diseased roots is well illustrated in the
acd blipsaiy lait mean which is borrowed from von Tubeuf’s
Pflanzenkrankheit
Fora description ‘of the organism dise ur Woronin, which
the cause of the disease, reference ce may be. nac Mr. Carruthers
7 “Ehe late Dr. — Voelcker made a n elaborate i inqu ity into the
conditions favourable to These were paid in the Journal of
the Royal Agricultural veset; y for 1859 (vol. xx., pp. 101-105). He
* concluded that the cause of anbury is justly a in most instances
to - ebsence or insufficieney of lime in mua mes
* It has since been observed e application of lime,
chalk, or mar], has prevented the reappearance a the disease in fields
where it t had previously been presen
“ It has recently been asserted E: the femel present in manures
rs the
(Carruthers, Lc, p. 335). Inthe Foil ri the Royal Agricultural
ty for 1894 essor William
ill i
conclusions may be quoted :—
“ 1. That Finger par Toe (locally kuown in i north as “pii 5
is an extremely infectious disease, and may be easily induced by
inoculating a soil perfectly free from the disease—and holding much
more than an average quantity of poet soil from a diseased field.
* 9. That such diseased soil may be easily smog pia a irae
points to the pathological phenomena being
presumably Plasmodiopho: assice ” (p 8I
Plasmodiophora, which is the cause of the dise; have now been
carried à step further, as the res alt of investigations made during the
last four years in the Jodrell Laboratory of the Royal Gardens by
Mr. G. Massee, F.L.S., a member of the scientific staff.
a2
130
he: important result is.that free acid present in the soil is favourable
organism, while a free alkali i ~ unfavourable.. . This explains the
KA belief that sulphurie acid favoured the disease, though the sugges-
tion that this was due to the iphis present is, it would seem now, not
to be the true solution.
The following account is extracted from Mr. Massee’s paper printed
ci
Several common weeds are also attacked, namely, charlock (Brassica
Sinapistrum,.Boiss.), garlie-mustard . (Sisymbrium Alliaria, Scop.),
treacle-mustard (Erysimum.,Cheiranthoides, Linn.), and shepherd’s
purse (Capsella Bursa-pastoris, .)..,The last-named is reported
from the United States by Halsted, */and has not been observed to be
seased in Bri
mining the true cause, distinctly states that i Uy d examination
revealed. the, presence ‘of a. factor previously unknown: in. connexion
with plant din Furthermore, Berkeley oray x that wood
ashes ware a gnag fon dine digno 84: 2 supposed. £ this. to. be due to the
-of potash salts in the ash. ;
Plasmodiophora Brassiee, Wor. (after von Tubeuf).
-The fo lowing... oi an account of, experiments conducted during four
successive years
E Ném-déipep Agrio. Coll. Expt. Station; Bull., 98 (1899). apo
4 Gard, Chron; p. 500, 1856. : |
131
ly Healthy seedling cabbages planted. at Spin ering years |
previously produced a os of diseased ca , became-
Check’ plants from the ame batch of sedi €— in. sterilised mil,
remained free from diseas
A. me conducted i in a Sterilised Solution. of Stable Manure.
2. ts of two flasks he infeeted by adding crushed
tubercles of a diseased anaes root. Two per cent. of a saturate
solution of potassium hydrate was added + to the contents’ of one flask, |
and two per'cent. of commercial sulphurie acid to:the other. A young
cabbage plant free from disease was then placed in each flash. At
the end of two months the plant in the flask containing potassium
hy as growing vigorously and perfectly free from di
whereas the plant growing in the.solution containing sulphuric acid
diseased, mu ie s0 ee check plants growing in
infected soil free from for the e period of time. Similar
experiments made Prem successive yenis always yielded the same
result.
3. Two young cabbage plants showing decided symptoms of disease
were placed in flasks containing the same proportions of potassium
hydrate and sulphuric acid respectively as in Experiment 2. At the
_
$
BRE
[1*]
5 i=]
et
nodules present on the root at the commencement o
having become effaced by subsequent growth. The plant growing in
the solution containing sulphuric acid was badly diseased,
Similar results were obtained in Experiments 2 and 3, when potas-
sium hydrate was replaced by ammonium Ohi d and sulphuric acid
by hydrochloric acid.
Two diseased seedling cabl were placed in separate flasks of
ed solution. The liquid "Se ie Mak wis saturated once a
week with carbonic” dioxide, the contents of the second flask not
g interfered with in any way. At the end of two months both
plants had the bimi developed to the same extent, proving that
carbonic acid is neutral as regards the development of P. Plasmodio-
B. Experiments conducted with Sterilised Soil.
5. Two pots of nil, sates by steam, were infected with the
crushed roots of diseased cabbages. ."Lhe.soil.in one pot was mixed
her wit i
Le. a:
the of two months the plant in the pot containing lime was
tome tal whereas the plant in the soil bisio acid bone
"bone
ure aed ports el hi had a te Paii sahig eb in each.
At t the end of two months the disease was more developed in both
séedlings than at the time of a proving that the presence of
lime will not arrest the disease when the mpm are once attacked.
be apen ry.
` The foregoing paor vions ds aede ie demonstrate the following
pom ints —
in. addi ition. to culti ivated plants, several. common weed
PET to the order Crucifere are attacked by the Plasmodiophora,
132
Hence the monies. for preventing the growth of such weeds in fields
"x gu e banks
rs.
. That the niine of ple y i voka by the
presence of acids, and checked by the presence of alkalies, agreeing in
this respect with the fungi rather than with bacteria.
4. For the purpose of sterilising infected soil, experiments prove
that either a dressing of lime or a manure containin ng potash salts is
effective, the last being most valuable, as it not E oe destroys the germs
in the soil but also arrests the disease in seed plants, and at the
same time supplies one of the ingredients oe for the healthy
growth of turnips.
CCCCLXI.—FLORA OF THE SOLOMON ISLANDS.
The novelties of several small collections, from the above-named
K hin the last fi
island to Kew within the ew years, have already been
ublished in the Annals of ny, v. (1891), pp. 501—508, pl. 27 ;
vi. (1892), pp. 203-210, pl. 11-14; Jour n Society,
RO P. 163-165 and 211-217, pl. 9-11; Hooker's cones
Plantarum, Ath series, iii. ee): pl. 2207, 2247, and 2248 ; and Kew
Bulletin, 1894, pp pp. 211-215
In March of the present year a further VI edes E was received from
the Rev. R. B. Comins, including also a few es from Torres Islands
and Banks Islands, situated between the Salomon group and the New
Hebrides
Unfortunately Mr. Comins’s opportunities for collecting and preserving
plants are as, slight; yet in this small collection of about 30 species
a doz main unidentified with previously described species. The
miatertat ofi some is, however, insufficient for description. Omitting ie:
very common plants of no special interest, the following is an enumeration
of the last consignment :—
DiLLENIACEX.
Dillenia ?— The —Ó are wanting, and the anthers have been eatem
by insects, so that it js uncertain whether it belongs to this genus or
Wormia ; but from the foliage and calyx it appears to be an undescribed
tree.
Habitat.— Florida, Solomon Islands, Comins, 291.
Mr. Comins notes that the natives declare that this tree, which occurs
in the forests and attains a height of 100 feet, never ripens seeds, and
ean only be propagated by cuttings.
ANONACEX.
Oxymitra (§ Goniothalamus) macrantha, Z/emsi.; arbor usque ad
90 ped." alta, apice tantum ramosa (Comins), ra ramulis primum parce
ferrugineo-puberulis, internodiis brevibus, foliis mediocribus petiolatis
vix r EA paap Sears apice obtusis vel rotundatis giabrescentibus,
venis primariis lateralibus utrinque cireiter 12 curvatis prope marginem
— S floribu en n qon uctis (Comins) breviter
133
seminibus 5—6 in dibab hen orbieularibus compressis tomentosis.—
Hook, Ic. Pl. tt. 2399, 2409.
Habitat.---Florida, Solomon Islands, Comins, 293.
Folia 4-6 poll. longa. intr circiter 1 poll. Dmm Petala
exteriora usque ad 7 poll. longa, interiora circiter 7 lin. lon Torus
maturus 1-1} poll. diametro. Carpella 2 poll. longa. Simia 9-10 lin.
diametro.
Baillon and other writers who combine Oxymitra, Goniothalamus,
and the Fijian Richella, have been followed here, as there is no character
of importance to separate them. present 1s a somewhat anomalous
species, the carpels being 5-6 ovulate and, etimes, at least, all the
ovules ma zu seeds. Goniot lamus u 'arioides, King {Ann
carpe
Te "Caius describes this as a riverside tree, attaining a height of
30 feet, and having a naked trunk on which the long pendent brick-red
flowers are borne down to within 2 feet of the ground, and at intervals
of about a foot.
SrMARUBEX.
Samadera indica, Gertn.—The distribution of this tree is remark-
able. It "Wee South Concan, Malabar, Ceylon, Borneo, and the
Philippine
— Habitat. San Cristoval, Solomon Islands, a 261.
MELIACE&.
Dysoxylum sp. ?—Specimen man neum. ‘This may res a new GC,
but as there are only detached flowers, and a small portion ofa large
pinnate leaf, the point is doubtfu
Mc Tits —San ics oe Solomon Islands, Comins, 303.
Vie Caine s ` OLACINEJE.
Lasianthera papuana, Bec alee nA emm of $ this singe
plant. It is ixl by Bact Malesia
Habitat.—San Cristoval, Solomon — Comins, 41.
Stemonurus ? megacarpus, Hemsl.; arbor magna (Comins) foliis
alternis breviter petiolatis subcoriaceis leviter obliquis RO
obtusis vel acutis ld venis primariis lateralibus utrinque 8-10
»—À amem mrt crassa, floribus purpureis ( Comins parvis
icellis brevibus
cupulari cement 4—5-lobato lobis rotundatis, petalis
s oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis intus leviter carinatis, filamentis
134
brevissimis dilatatis, connectivo incrassato ultra loculos antherarum: pro-
ducto inappendiculato, loculis discretis, ovario —— ovulis 2
collateralibus — Mein drupoideo. magno —ovoideo: uni e
endocarpio crasso dense suberoso, semine anguste acia an bem premo
raphe lata i Mrbeninenté em res seminis longitudinem extensa.
Ic, Pl. t. 2398.
. Habitat.—Solomon Islands: San Cristoval, Comins, 89.
Folia 8-12 poll. longa et 4-5 poll. lata. Panicula 46 poll. longa
(imperfecta ?). Pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi. Flores circiter 3 lin, diametro.
Fructus absque epicarpio carnoso 3 poll. longus, endocarpio 3-6 lin.
crasso. Semen 2-21 poll. longum
The genera of the {cacinew, especially those to which the plant
escribed is most nearly allied, have been so differently limited x different
bótaiststa that it is difficult to decide to which to refer a plant combining
e characteristies of Stemonurus and Gomphandra, as defin
strong
resembles S. scorpioides, Becc. (Malesia, 1. p. 113 t. 6), but the in-
florescence and stamens are very different, and nearer those of some of
his memo of Gomphandra. Having to deal with only one species, the
the ud must therefore remain uncertain.
/ AMPELIDEZ. |
Leea sambu ucina, IId.—Wi idely KEA in India and Malaya,
extending to the Philippine Islands and Australia
Habitat.—San Cristoval, Solomon, Islands, Comins, 307.
LEGUMINOS.
Millettia nn Hemsl.; frutex alte scandens (Comins), un-
. dique" glaber, ramulis floriferis graciliusculis teretibum foliis- alternis
graciliter petiolatis, foliolis 3-5 paribus oppositis omnibus petioluiatis
(terminali longiore) tenvibus papyraceis obovato- Tioti vel oblongis
vix acutis obtusis vel utrinque rotundatis, venis primariis lateralibus
utrinque circiter 6, venis ultimis minute reticulantis, floribus albis
(Comins), fasciculato-racemosis racemis gracillimis axillaribus simpli-
bus vel paueiramosis, pedicellis filiformibus, bracteis minutissimis,
calyce pubescente brevissime 5-lobato, teen 4 posterioribus latis MA
datis, anteriore angustiore ato acuto, petalis subzequilongis
unguiculatis liberis glabris vexillo werd im emarginato vel brevitat
bilobato inappendiculato, alis oblopgis apice rotundatis, carina obtusa
ere staminibus glabris 9 alte connatis vexillari omnino libero,
ovario hirsuto sessili 3-ovulato, stylo sursum glabro incurvo stamina
subsequante, legumine ignoto.
Habitat.—San Cristoval, Solomon Islands, Comins, 300.
iora 7-8 poll. longa ; foliola inæqualia 23-6 poll. longa;
peu e iter 2 lineas longi. Racemi 5-15 poll longi. Pedicelli
—4 lin. longi. Flores 5-6 lin. lon ngi. Legumen ignotum.
„Mr, Comins: describes spine i “a climber on other trees, suinasnie
aeir bark until it a es its stem in theirs,” In the absence
185.
^ Hansemannia oblonga, Hemsil. in Kew Bulletin, 1892, pi 125.—
‘Rarther specimens en that the JEGUR sometimes attain t least
9 or 10 inches in length»: | treyre dtt
Habitat.—San Cristoval, Solomon Islands, Comins, 304.
COMBRETACEJE.
Gyrocarpus men Jacq.—This is one of the few littoral trees
common to: America and Polynesia ; and it ranges all. round the tropies,
including Polynesia, eastward.: to Tahiti, but it is not fetordod from the
Hawaiian Island
of cad ori huua GPR, 310.
__MELASTOMACEÆ.
Medinilla cauliflora, /7ems/.; frutex in arborum truncos epiphy-
ticus (Comins ), undiqne glaber, ramis floriferis crassis et ad nodos
inerassatis, foliis ternis (an semper?) petiolatis subcoriaceis oblongo-
lanceolatis leviter obliquis obtusis basi subcuneatis 3—5-herviis venis
obst mediocribus albis (Comins) 4-meris ad nodos vetustos
aphyllos. Fiscisalatis distincte pedicellatis, pedicellis filiformibus, basi
squamis minutis suffultis, puis urceolati limbo brevi annulato truncato
dentibus punctiformibus, petalis oblongo-spathulatis em staminibus
8 consimilibus fere æqualibus, filamentis linearibus tenuissimis, antheris
fere rectis vel leviter curvatis anguste clavatis ere uniporosis per
anthesin horizontalibus eonnectivo antice inappendiculato postice e infra
loculorum medium umbonato basi in calcar Taasiuagul um e ola
filamento medio antice affixo, ovario 4-loculare m lo glabro
e stamina dena € n) alba
concavis,
Habitat.—Solomon Islands ; Ysabal, R. B. Comins, 290.
Folia cum petiolo Lorie ad poll. longa et 2} poll. lata. Pedicelli
3—6 lin. longi. vt a 5-6 lin. longa. Bace a parva (matura non visa)
circiter 2 lin. uM
The stamens a this species differ materially from ind typical stamen
of the genus, and also from the deviations therefrom that have come
under observation. In the present species the connective is thickened
below the middle of the € and produced below their base in a
rather thick, pointed spur, curved backwards and u upwards, with the
— attached to its middle on the anterior side. The fruit, judging
fro somewhat imperfect material, it is true, appears to be of an unusual -
paj- boi ie Cm ake T5 with concave sides. Medinilla
adicans, Blum umphia, i. 5. t. 3), agrees in having the connec-
tive distinctly nicer below tg anther-cells, but there the similarity
ends.
RUBIACEX.
: . Timonius Forsteri, DC.—This curious tree is confined to Polynesia,
whiro it inhabits the smaller islands. The localities known are; Torres
Hervey or Cook Group; Tahiti aad Borabora, in the Society Group ;
and. Bow- Island, in the Low Archipelago. It. varies very much in
186
mk and the specimens from Palmerston Island have thick na
branches, due probably to the presence of guano. Two very
diflerent looking Fijian trees are referred to the same genus,
Habitat.—Torres Islands, Comins, 311.
EBENACES.
e — Hemsl.; arbor ad 40 ped. alta — preter
pe» s pubescentes glabra, ramulis floriferi kasi erste
zevibus viridibus, internodiis quam folia brevioribus, foliis alternis
Le coriaceis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis vel interdum rotundatis
basi subcuneatis supra "— subtus pallidioribus venis primariis
) i
mi
monoicis 9 solitariis (an igit r) d vel hermaphroditis ternis, pedunculis
pedicellisque brevibus, calycis fructiferi lobis + lignosis rotundatis
xis mks ia reflexis, tubo annulo interno elevato instructo,
corolla crassa coriacea sericeo-pubescente anguste urceolata, lobis
tubo brovioribus demum recurvis obtusissimis, More circiter
16 plus minus Tasciculatis inequalibus glabris, ovario hirsuto 8-loculari,
loculis uniovulatis, fructu depresso-globoso, seminibus onis giae
oblongi is adipisi plano-convexis albumine equabili densissime corne
^ Habitat.—'Torres Islands, Comins, 312.
Folia 2-5 poll. longa; petiolus 2-3 lin. longus. Pedunculi 2—4 lin.
longi, pedicellis brevioribus. Ca/yx fructifer circiter 1 poll. diametro.
Corolla 5-6 lin. longa. Fructus circiter 15 lin. diametro. Semina
nga.
Mr. Comins states mm this tree has an acrid juice which blisters the
body when applied to
APOCYNACER.
Tabernemontana anguinea, E arbor ad 20 ped. alta ( Comins)
undique — glaberima, ramulis floriferis crassiusculis, foliis longe
pono ses oblongo- lanceolatis DER acuminatis basi cuneatis, venis
primari lateralibus utrinque 6-8 arcuatis excurrentibus, cymi
i ifloris axillaribus vel pseudo-terminalibus, floribus albis
medi evi dicellatis, calyce parvo breviter 5-dentato,
obliquis sinistrorsum obtegentibus dextrorsum tortis undulato-crispatis,
folliculis rieri N (Comins) elongatis cylindrico-clavatis
supra medium seminiferis bis dextrorsum tortis, seminibus oblongis
compressis rugosis.—-Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2397.
Habitat —Solomon Islands: San Cristoval, R. B. Comins, 83.
Arbor 20-pedalis. Folia ramorum floriferorum cum petiolo 5-7
poll. longa et usque ad 2 poll. lata, petiolo 1-14 poll. lo
C; 3 ngz, pedicellis circiter 3 lin. longis. Flores
10-12 n Io et lati. olliculi 6-8 poll. longi, et noe medium
Siccitate 6 lin. diametro. Semina circiter semipollicar
E . Much eniin twisted follicles are characteristic «c this species;
E and iom what Mr. Comins says about them, this is their normal form.
137
ASOLEPIADE.
Tylophora sp.—Fruit is wanting to complete il —
undescribed species,
Habitat.—Torres Islands, Comins, 309.
Dischidia Milnei, Hems/—Specimen in fruit. Folliculi angusti,
recti, bipollicares.
Habitat.—San Cristoval, Solomon Islands, Comins, 165.
GESNERACE.
msl. ; frutex usque ad 6 ped. altus, Aiet
lisqu rvis vel minutis cito deciduis, sepalis fere liberis insequalibus
oblongo-lanceolatis apiculatis corolla tubum fere squantibus, corolla
glabra leviter oblique hypucraterimorpha, tubo leviter curvato, limbo
fere wqualiter 5-lobato lobis brevibus rotundatis, genitalibus inclusis,
filamentis filiformibus —€— is antheris approximatis, ovario glabro, baeca
carnosa succosa fere fusifor
Habitat.—Santa Maria, Banks Islands, Comins, 288.
Frutex emm e: (2 tantum visa) circiter 7 poll. ded et cap
4 l r 2 poll. diametro. xm lii
14-2 poll. hs. "pedicelli 2-3 lineas longi. Corolla 6-7
limbo ci 4 lin. diametro. Bacca circiter 6 lin. longa.
Mr. Comins dece the calyx as white, he corolla yellow,
MONIMIACEAX.
Hedycarya solomonensis, Hemsl. ; frutex usque ad 12 ped. „altus
(Comins), undique glaber, cortice pallido, foliis breviter
s . giv Tare
circiter 5 distantibus longe intra marginem inter se arcuatim connexis,
floribus non visis (axillaribus, Comins), carpellis nigris (Comins longe
stipitatis globosis ovoideis, a ad erassis rubro-aurantiacis insignis
(Comins), receptaculo irregulari pedunculato.
Habitat.—San Cristoval, Solomon Islands, Comins, 257.
ig o Folia 6-8 poll. longa = ESI poll. lata, petiolo
3-4 rte dong Pedunculus ee imperfectus visus circiter pollicaris.
Stipites 3-5 lin. ery Carpella 6-8 lin. diens
Mr. Comins describes dus as a very conspicuous ahi striking shrub
with black berries borne on orange-red s
EUPHORBIACE X.
Daphniphyllum ? conglutinosum, Hems/.; arbor magna (Comins)
undiqué glabra, ramulis crassiusculis, foliis longe petiolatis subcoriaceis
ovato-lanceolatis vel late ellipticis subito caudato-acuminatis acutis basi
138
rotundatis vel interdum subcuneatis paucicrenatis vel obscure lobulatis,
venis dus od lateralibus utrinque 7-10 subtus sat conspicuis, floribus
us d racemosis, racemis axillaribus rigidis" paueifloris
quam am folia brevioribus, pedicellis "brevibus basi bracteà minuta squami-
magnis exsertis, drupa abortu unisperma. obovatc-
oblonga basi calyce parvo irregulariter 5-lobato suffulta apice stylopodio
lato crasso coronata, endocarpio tenui, mesocarpio crasso dense spongioso
sueco viscoso impleto, epiearpio tenui coriaceo, semine mature non
viso.
Habitat.—San Cristoval, Solomon Islands, Comins, 75.
Folia maxima cum. petiolo 9 poll. longe, petiolo 2 poll ru folia
minora 3—4 poll. longa. . Racemi 14-3} poll. longi. Pedicelli 1-2 lin.
Bio Flores d 2-3 lineas diametro. ae 1 poll. longa.et $ lin
Mr. ‘Comins’ s note on this tree follows :-—
* Large tree in bush ; leaves alternate ; flowers smali, yellow. Fruit
size of an almond, the skin covering a soft white substance like india
is the. stro doaa cement known to the
mending shell armlets, &c. Further,
that ‘superior, to diamond and other prepared
cements, ‘and is leek ‘when they fail to hold...
With regard to the genus there is -— doubt, ‘bat it has been
described, so far as the material will permit, on account! of. its economic
value, and prem Mr. Comins has taken the trouble to collect such
specimens as he could on two occasions,
LILIACEÆ.
Smilax utilis, Wright ; fr Tem caule scandente tereti vel leviter
striato, - obl apice acuminatis basi acutis trinerviis nitidis
s, floribus cá umbelntik masculis perianthii segmentis
ligulatis telerik marginibus hyalinis, staminibus 6 m brevibus
albis, femineis non visis, bacca globosa trisperma, seminibus plano-
convexis levibus.
Habitat—San Cristoval and Malaita, Solomon Islands. ` Comins,
97 and 297.
Folia 21-33 poll. longa, 11 poll. lata ; petiolus 6 lin, longus. Pedun-
-— 1 poll. Bat oedicelli 5 lin. longi. Perianthii segmenta 2 lin.
this is most nearly tiio Smilax indica, Vitm., from. which it
differs in, nangg dich narrower, i Sie leaves. The stems are e
to tie fences
ORCHIDEJE.
Bulbophyllum Cominsii, Rolfe ; rhizomate repente valido, pseudobulbis
ovatis src dvd foliis oblongis obtusis basi ws besi eerte: is
scapis. -wnifloris, bracteis ippo aneen 3 feci tit, Re tubulosis,
sul abut sin, e us, connatis
narn Rpa her paryo
139
laieraliter compresso angusto basi sublato margine ciliato, columna
brevissima dentibus brevibus acutis i
Habitat.—Florida, Solomon nts Comins, 289.
Pseudobulbi 8-9 lin. longi. a 44-5 poll. longa, Soe joli.
lata. Scapi 4—5 poll. longi. Bra i v linlon
2? poll. longum, 16 lin. latam, lateralia 2} poll odode 197 15 lin. lata.
Petala 1 lin. longa. Labellum 3 lin. longum. ^ Columna 2 lin. longa.
A remarkable species allied to Bulbophyllum grandifiorum, Blume,
and B. tonigis sepclum, Rolfe, though with the lateral sepals united into
a single organ, like the dorsal sepal in shape but rather smaller. It has
the habit and general appearance of the former, but, in addition to the
character just pointed out, it has considerably smaller flowers. The
collector describes the flowers as purple with white spots.
Appendicula Vieillardii, Reichb. f. dyads collected in New
Caledonia and the island of Aneitum, New Hebrides
-Habitat.—Malaita, Solomon Islands, : Comins, 296.
* An epiphyte on trees on the zea-beach."
COCCLXII.—SIAM. GAMBOGE.
(Gareinia Hanburyi, Hook. f.) et
The tree yielding Siam Gamboge (Garcinia Hanburyi, Hoo kif) ts
o: plated to G. Morella, Desrouss, he ap oe inrer een
former is a m y large tree. The flow re diccious, the
petals i in both male and female flowers are E dnd fallow. The fruit
is the size of a crab-apple, rrt niri n ripe. The tree is found
on art on the east coast of the of Siam, as well as on the main-
of Cambodia and Cochin- China. It is from the ese localities that
by the Foreign Office (Annual Reports, 1895), No. 1520. Mr. de Bun
te Majestys Chargé d' Affaires at Bangkok, was good h to
communicate ew y erm of the leav the Gamboge trees
icate es
one SARH on the spot b y Mr. Beckett, and, although the is
not uite complete, ilere is little doubt they belong to Garcinia
Hanbur, yi, Hook. f. The-extract from the report is as follows :—
* Gamboge is, next to gum-benjamin, perhaps, the most interesting -
of Siamese products. Whilst gum-benjamin is peculiar to a small belt
the islands and the sea coast of the Gulf.of Siam, lying between the
10th and 12th degrees. e north latitude.* recently had the tee
of paying a visit» to part of Siam, and it, may be of interest to
* The heavy rainfall of this eoast seems necessary to the existence of the tree,
140
Saga the character of the tree and the mode of extracting the resin.
tree is known locally as ‘Ton Rong? It is found only in the
islands of Koh Chang, Koh Kong, and Koh Rong, and the mainland of
Indo-Chinese Peninsula a these islands. The trees grow to
the height of some 50 feet, are straight-stemmed with no lower
branches, ara probably to the dense shade of the forest in which they
of those I saw had a diameter of more than 12 inches.
en years’ growth is said to be reauired before the tree is ready for
This is carried on by the Cambodian and Siamese islanders in
downwards to the ground. Down these grooves the resin wells out of
the bark and trickles in a viscous stream into hollow bamboos placed at
the base of the tree, and from these it is decanted into smaller bamboos,
the bamboo is placed over a red-hot ore, and the bamboo husk. cracking
off, there is left the article known as ‘ pipe’ gamboge. The trees can be
ta two or three times during one season, and at the end of the
season their trunks. present a curious netwo rk of interseeting spirals.
Care must be taken to prevent the rain-water mixing with the resin in
the es, as any mixture of water causes kanay ombi and black
discolouration, and a consequent depreciation of from 20 to 30 ticals
SE honey in value. The most valuable gamboge is that which is
bed or discoloured, and is all the more difficult to
prre reinen the period of heavy rains during which the resin is
extracted. The bamboos contain on an a ied rather less than 1 Ib. of
gamboge, or about 170 bamboos to the pieul. The price asked by the
pickers reris es is at the rate of 2 ticals (3s.) for five bamboos full,
and the price is at the rate of 2 ticals yes. for three, or 65 ticals
(44. 185.) vm hundred, or about 87. 7s. per picul. The whole output is
sold to local Chinese traders and tal by sailing boat to Bangkok,”
CCCCLXIII.—IPOH POISON.
(Supplementary Note.)
The Kew Bulletin for 1891 (pp. 259-268) contains an article s
marising the information which had been obtained as to the Ipoh Bison
of the Malay Peninsula.
I munication from Mr. L. Wray jun, Curator, Perak
Government Mm m, it was stated that while the Sakais living in the
plains employ the Antiaris poison, the Sakais of tie hills use a siens
prepared from three hill plants called ipoh aker, prual, and lam
Further material has now been received from Mr. Wray which ee
additional light on the identity of two of these plants. Dr. Stapf has
ingly, in the following notes, been able to revise his
ns:
_ Ipoh Aker was stated (l.c. p. 267) to be “ closely allied to Strychnos
Maingayi, and probably only a different state of it." The copious
material which I have now hefore me of Strychnos Muingayi as well as
of the Ipoh Aker oc renders it evident that the latter is not
Maingayi,. rsen probably a close congener. It differs from Ss.
i in the — papery leaves which. are very like those of
141°
S. walhchiana, Benth. and in the glabrous ovary. It is NONE a-
new species; but I cannot deseribe it in the absence of flowers ^t
n
but as the material vn at hand MH only of a young barren
p- 620) ; yet a repeated examination of the material confirmed me
Opinion as to the systematic Minis of the plant (Pharmaceutical
Journal, 1894, p. 660). From the material now at haad it bp that
the plant i is Coptosapelta erga t Korth., a Rubiacea of the Cinchona
group. Tl =
species, C. flavescens, Korth, and C. Griffithii, Hook. fil., to which,
however, several more might de added from the material preserved at
Kew. The genus extends from the Malay Peninsula to the Philippines
and New Guinea. C. flavescens ranges from the Malay Peninsula and
Sumatra to Java and Borneo; C. Griffithii is limited to the southern
part of the Malay Peninsula, and other species still undescribed were
collected in Penang, Java, Sarawak zon, and New Guinea. osa
pelta is, beside 'ymenodictyon, its nearest iei the only representa
of the subtribe Eucinchonee in Malaya; the remainder being mostly
natives of tropical America and éxtiictropieli South America.
A small quantity of the root bark of Prual, from Perak, was examined
by Dr. Ralph Stockman with r Ber ed to its physiological action on
animals, and a short aecount of the results was published by him in
the Pharmaceutical Journal, | 3 If this root bark was
actually derived from the same plant from m speci-
mens gg aan by Mr. L. Wray as Prual were ite loos Coptosa-
ust be counted in future among the poisonous plants. Up to the
Fait, however, Coptosapelta was not known E: erem poisonous or
otherwise prominent chemical properties. But it may be mentioned
that Hymenodictyon excelsum all., an allied Sin and a native of
India, — an alkaloid ** Hymenodictyonine,” the chemical properties
ti
[-
io > pa ae S
Econ. Prod. India, iv., 319), atid the Phot bark of tnis plant has been
Es ^ nur e Hindoos as a febrifuge and antiperiodic.
e Kew Bulletin (1891, p. 264) reference was made a other in-
prea sometimes mixed with the Ipoh by the Seman One of
these was Zikir, an Aroid sent by Mr. Wray to the Catenin” Botanical
Gardens for jdelitification: It has now been ascertained there to be
Amorphophallus Prainii, Hook. f.
CCCCLXIV.—DIAGNOSES AFRICANA, VI.
bue i p. ot
nd these are drawn up on a somewhat different plan; but it was not
considered desirable to alter them, beyond converting the metrical
142
measurements into inches and lines or twelfths of an,inch, . They relate
to plants of tana interest, either on account of their. beauty or
their distributi
. 217. Aphloia myrtiflora, D ae nut arbuseula 20-pedalis,
ramulis divaricatis poa dt Ries obl ongo-elliptica, léviter e PES
ta, glabra, 2-21 poll. a, 6-83 lin. lata, petiolis ci
longis; flores axillares, solitarii oe pala Sint tae petaloidea, alba, alto
5-fida, lobis convexis reflexis ieregalaidter imbricatis ovatis acutis vel
obtusis 44-5 lin d eit nope 6-8 lin. longi, 2-3 RÀ nr
ormes brac unam majo sub petaloideam proxim
pues ovarium p öblongo-fasinam ; bacca obovoidea, alba, Asie
3 lin. longa, 2 lin. lata, pem semina reniformia.
oe — Transvaal : woods on.the summit of Upper Moodies
Mountain, Barberton. Alt. 4600 ft. October, 1890, Galpin, No. 1082.
218. Slabs | Pus producta, N.E. Brown Bayim ii herbacea basi
lignosa ibus subangulosis minntissime puberulis erectis, foliis
alternis brevissime petiolatis adscendentibus linearibus pes vel acutis
glabris, racemis terminalibus solitariis elongatis laxe multifloris, bracteis
miedo qiie caducis, pedicellis brevibus recurvis glabris, sepalis
oribus 2 inferioribus connatis eymibiformibus, alis
ellipticis Cbs trinervis viridibus, petalis he m zquantibus
Jate spathulalo-obovatis obtusissim is purpureis, carina purpurea
ps cR infra apicem dne vuar oblongis emarginatis glabri 8,
ibus sericeo-pubescentib ; :
Ha ke tat,—Transvaal : paper in grassy places at Highland Creek,
3000 feet, March, Galpin, 844; Pretoria, Rehmann, 4565; Mc Lea in
Herb. Bolus, 3142 ; Magalisberg, Burke, 374; A pies River, Nelson,
281; Griqualand East, rough slopes 1 near Umzimkulu River, 2500 feet,
arch, Tyson, 2741, and .Herb. Norm. Austr. Afr. 883. Natal:
Gerrard, 46,1781 ; Tnanda Krantzkloof, Wood, 1171; Weenen County
herland.
- Caules 7-24 poll. alti. Folia 6-15 m ni 1-2 lin. lata: Racemi
3-12 poll. longi. Bractee 1-1} lin. longæ. Pedicelli; 1ẹ lin. longi.
Sepala exteriora 1-1} lin. longa. Ale 28 lin. long, 11-14 lin, lata.
Petala 2}—4 lin. longe. Carina 2-34 lin. longa.
219. Dombeya pulchra, V. E. Brown — frate ramis
iolis pedunculis pedicellisque plu: entosis
Spots falcato-ovatis acutis vel acuminatis, foliis longe petiolatis. rotun-
datis apice trilobis basi cordatis supra velutinis viridibus subtus dense
velutino-tomentosis albis, cymis longe peduneulatis axillaribus solitariis
10-15 floris, pëdicetiis s apice bibracteatis, bracteis ovatis acutis deciduis
cum sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis reflexis velutino- tementosis, corolla
magna petalis oblique rhomboideis truncatis albis basi purpureis glabris,
staminodiis lineari-spathulatis quam stamina duplo — albis
basi purpureis.
Habitat, m eere Rimers Creek, Barberton, 2000-3500 feet
Xen Galpi
Frutex 5-8 m sins Foliorum. petioli 4-64 poll. longi, lamine
74 longz et late. Stipule 4-12 lin. longe, 14-3} lin. latæ. — Pedun-
culi 4-6 poll. eng Pedicelli 7-15 lin. longi te 34-7 lin.
longz, - Sepala 6 dna longs 1 1j li lata. Corolla
=- e ices diam. i 8-9. lin, pce -8 lin. Ina. Staminedn
po 7 : li . longa, apice ce 3-1 lin, lata, T T
143
. nia montana, N. E. Brown rv Tut humilis
suffruticosa "basi ramosa, ramis erectis simplicibus dense stella
tomentosis fulvidis, foliis breviter petiolatis adscendentibus lineari-
vel levi
obovatis unguibus pubis canalteetadli iais quam vessel
multo brevioribus, filamentis linearibus pubescentibus supra medium
tiesia Nolite vix vel non dilatatis, ovario tomentoso.
Habitat.—Transvaal: upper slopes of the Saddleback Range near
Barberton, 4000-5000 feet, February, Galpin, 831.
lanta 5-7 poll. alta. ciunt petioli 1-3 poll. longi, cies
m a poll. longæ, 2-7 lin. late. Stipulæ 3-5 lin. i 3-1 lin. late.
dunculi 2 lin. longi. Breia 3—4 lin. longæ, 1—14 lin. latæ. Calpe
3: "in. longus, lobi | lin. lati. Petala he: m fes 1- —2 lin. lata.
Filamenta 14-2 lin. longa. Anthere 13-2 lin
221. Hermannia grandifolia, N. E. Brown [Stere EE caulibus
elongatis ramosis flexuosis pilis stellatis stipitatis asperis, foliis petiolatis
elongato-cordato-ovatis acutis vel obtusis supra sparse stellato-scaberulis
subtus molliter stellato- eine stipulis magnis patentibus vel
reflexis latissime ovatis vel subrotundatis dentatis acutis stellato-
paniculat bifloris,
g
=
glanduloso-tomentosis, calyce ad medium 5-loba: era E
s oblanceolato-obovatis obtusis utrinque pubescenti ibus unguibus
canaliculatis, staminibus quam petala multo brevioribus, filamentis
linearibus stellato-pubescentibus s upra ” mediom abrupte truncato-
cuspidatis vix vel non dilatatis, ovario toment
Habitat.—Transvaal : beside the stream, Gir Soot valley, Barberton,
2600 feet, April, Galpin,
oriferi 6-10 poll. dese prem caulinorum peok 8-9
lin. gros laminze 23—41 poll. longs, 12-2 po Il. late, ramorum lateralium
4-8 lin. longi, laminæ 9-18 lin. long, 4-10 0 Hin. late. Stipule 3-6 lin.
longs et late. Pedunculi 3-5 lin. longi. Bractee 3-4 lin. longs.
Pedicellus inferior 1 lin. longus, superior 4-5 lin longis. Calyx 3 lin.
E ol lobi 1 lin. lati. Petala 4-5 lin. Soa 12-1} lin. lata. Fila-
24 lin. longa, Anthere 2 lin. longe.
222. Geranium pulchrum, = E. Brown [Geraniaceæ] ; baceum
renne, caulibus erectis su e laxe ramosis patente Maere
glanduloso- -pubescentibus, foliis , petiolatis qaa d eem
larite:
sublobulatis et dentatis supra viridibus paent wish bus dense
a 3-7 titis segmentis lineari-subnlatis acumi-
latissime obovatis purpureis calyce duplo longioribus, ovario piloso,
stylo rd tater nl i seminibus glabris immaturis punctatis.
U 87550. B
144
Habitat —Natal : on the Drakensberg, in.swamps, 6000—7000 feet,
January, Evans, 378.
Caules 2-24 ped. alti. Foliorum inferiorum petioli 31-81 poll.
longi, superiorum 6-18 lin. longi, lamine 11-3 poll diam. Stipule
| 9-8 lin. longe. Pedunculi 1-3 poll. longi. Bractee 3-5 lin. longer.
Sepala 5-6 lin. longa, 14-2 lin. lata. Petala 7-10 lin. longa, 7-9
223. Pelargonium dispar, JV. E. Brown [Geraniaceew]; caulibus
erectis simplieibus vel parce et breviter ramosis herbaceis pubescentibus
vel pilosis pilis patentibus, foliis o itis petiolatis late ovato-cordatis
sublobatis obtusis lobis brevissimis obtuse rotundatis crenatis utrinque
molliter pubescentibus, petiolis pilosis, stipulis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis
aeuminatis integris. bifidis vel Qucm pilosis vel glabris ciliatis,
pedunculo quam petiolus longiore gracili 1-3 floro apice 2-4 bracteato
piloso, -bracteis lanceolatis acuminatis marginibus longo ciliatis, pedicello
gracili piloso, sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis pilosis vel subglabris
ciliatis, caleari elongato, petalis subsqualibus I. sepala duplo
longioribus anguste oblanceolatis obtusissimis albis vel pallide roseis
ro-venosis, staminibus 7 fertilibus | Le quam petala brevioribus
3 sterilibus min ———— nó: rio glabro, stylo pubescente.
mte — Natal : Draken Tiger Cave Valley, 6000-7000 feet,
grass, January, Boda; "S ; slopes. of Mount Erskine, 5000-
6000 wet, Finak JAM AGB, SLMS SS CHE ee ee
Caules 8-18 poll. alti. Joliorsm petioli 2 lin, -2 poll. m lamine
2 poll. longz, 3-13 poll. late... Stipule 2-4 lin. longs, 1-2 lin
Pedunculi 7-16 lin. longi. Bractee 2-24 lin. longe. Pedicelli 5-9 lin.
longi. Sepala 3 lin. longa, 1-1 lin. lata, Calcar 3-5 lin. lo ongum.
Petala 44-6 lin. longa, 11-13 in. lata.
Ot, Vitis succulenta, paipa [ Ampelidez] ;. caules crasso-carnosi
mosi, quadrangulares , glabri, v rides, 9 lin. erassi, margines cartilagini
rubri tineti; caules juniores £ sulcati angulis undulatis ie in
geniculis folio unico cirrho opposito ; internodia 31—8 poll. longa;
stipulz bin, late ovate, circa 24 lin. longs; petioli 44 lin. iet. folia
basi late cuneata v el subtruncata, trinervia, triloba, lobis dentatis acutis
ga, 14-16} lin. lata; panieula ramosa, 5-8
poll. nge; pedic vali sub; umbellati summis in i
39-4} lin. longi; calyx campanulatus, truncatus ; petala 4, rosea, calyce
triplo longiora, 14 hn. longa; bacca o voidea, NONU, purpurea,
41 lin. longa, 3$ lin. crassa, pe para ünisper
Habitat. mi bor Kaap River valley near Barberton, alt. 1900—
2100 feet, Galpin, 1177.
Stems 10-15 ft. long climbing amongst rocks on hillsides and in
creeks. in warm situations where sheltered En m Joe
November. Fruits February.
. Crassula N. E. Brown [Crassulaeeze] ; nana, perennis,
basi breviter stolonifera, caule erecto simplici usque ad apicem foliati
pilis albis retrorsis tecto, foliis radicalibus rosulatis oblanceolatis caulinis
breviter connato-vaginatis lanceolatis acutis vel subacutis adscendentibus
|» Supra ve esie Dias albis aperiret guias. longe oe
kc : r sepalis e erecti í
ell ^E "brevibus Fabris,
ua
n
145
acuininatis glabris apice interdum scabris non: ciliatis petalis sub-
equilongis, petalis oblongis obtusis dorso ad apicem minute calloso-
apiculatis basi brevissime connatis gamopetalis albis, staminibus quam
tala brevioribus antheris luteis, glandulis hypogynis subquadratis
apice leviter dilatatis truncatis albis, carpellis oblique oblongis pee
stylo brevi erecto.
Habitat,—Natal : 'Tabamhlope Mountain, 6000-7000 feet, February,
Evans, 408 ; without locality, Gerrard, 1790
Var. rubra, N. E, Brown ; differt tantum floribus rubris.
Habitat.—Natal: Amawahqua Mountain at 6000-7000 feet, April,
Wood, 4592.
„Herba 14-24 poll. alta: Folia 3-5 lin. longa, 15-2 lin. lata. Cyme
5-9 lin..diam. ..Braetee 14-3 lin. longs, ]-J lin. late. Pedicelli 1-2
lin. longi. Sepala 14-1} lin. longa, J lin. lata. Petala 1} lin. longa
3 lin. lat
296. Crassula umbraticola, JV. E. Brown [Crassulaces]; pusilla,
tuberosa, glabra, tubere pisiformi, caule erecto simplici, foliis 6-8
faa ad apicem caulis s fiberabertis oppositis petiolatis subreni-
acutis quam m sub m longioribus albis, Slkdr ilis wr nis
minutis, carpellis oblique ovoideis stylis erectis coronatis
-Habitat.—Natal : rie re e in caves, 6000-7000 f
Evans, 362; s Joek ux
Cooper, 1
Planta. sa dix Tubera 14-24 in crn. “Poli iorum peti
11-8 lin lin «2S po laminze 3-11.Jin. longe, 4-12 lin. lata. Pedunculi Pis
lin. longi. Pedicelli € e longi. Sepala 1-3 lin.longa. Peta
11-2 lin. longa, là lin.
227. Pavetta disarticulata, Galpin, evince); fratés 8-15 ee
glaberrimus, ramis crassis cinereis asperrimis cum cica tricibus, ramuli
decussatis su mpressis, folia pete lancesolata. vel oblongo-
lanceolata, cuneata, punctata, acutiuscula vel acuminata, coriacea,
laminis 41-8 poll. longis, 1-3 poll. latis, petiolis 2-25 poll longis;
stipule truncate in vaginam connatz, 1-2-eusp! idate ; corymbi tricho-
tomi, densi, 11-3 poll, longi; calyx cyathiformis, truncatus, minute
itàtus, 1 lin. longus ; corolla alba, tubo 41-7 lin. longo, limbo 44 lin.
n stylus. corollae tubum Py lin. excedens ; bacca virescens, 3—3j lin
© Habitat. Deel Barberton, amongst serub and rocks on p is
slopes and — ridges surrounding the town; also Kaap river
valley and French Bobs Hill, alt. 1800-2 2900 ft. Gelpin; No. 406.
Zululand : Indulindi, on the side of a +, stony i, alt. about 1000 feet,
Wood, 39
228. Anthosperm — — E. Brown [Rubiacem] ; um
suffruticos um basi ramosum, erectis minute jdd; "foliis
itis pee is adscende nilo: "liieucibus eutis supra leviter
eandlionlitts glabris, stipulis connatis integris Girovinnime acutis, tloribus
dioicis vel interdum monoicis axillaribus sessilibus solitariis glabris,
B2
146
calycis limbo —— 4 dentato, corolle lobis lineari-lanceolatis
acutis valde revolutis ə
Habitat—Natal: Ulundi, 5000-6000 feet, on damp rocks, January,
Evans, ase
Rami 14-2 poll. longi, Folia 11-5 lin. (plerumque 3 lin.) Niii
4 lir. lata. Corolle tubus } lin. longus, lobi 14 lin. longi, 3 lin. lat
229. Valeriana capensis, Thunb. lanceolata, N. E. Brown
[Valerianeæ]; foliis radicalibus linccelets vel ovato-lanceolatis obtuse
acutis basi aeutis rotundatis vel subcordatis integris vel plus minusve
dentatis, caulinis pem etis lobis lateralibus parvis lobo terminali
elongato lanceolato
Habitat.—Natal: top of Tabamhlope, 6000—7000 feet, gs emer
368. Kaffraria: Baziya Mountains 4000 feet, November, Baur,
Nyassaland : Mount Milanji, Whyte.
Foliorum radicalium petioli 9 lin. 4 poll. longi, lamine 14—44 poll.
long, 6-10 lin. late
230. Felicia N. E. Brown [Composite]; acaulis, ee
radicalibus numerosis confertis erectis linearibus obtusis sueculen
Lene seapis 1-2 inferne glabris superne pubescentibus foliis mines
multo longioribus lineari-oblongis subacutis omnibus ciliatis dorso glabris
vittis aurantiaco-brunneis parvis plus minusve notatis et interdum
purpureo-tinctis, f oribus radii lineari-lingulatis acutis albis pallide
roseis vel luteis, disci luteis, pappi setis uniseriatis minute scaberulis,
acheniis i immaiuris compressis sparse pubescentibus
Habitat.—-Natal: top of Mount Erskine, 6000-7000 feet, January,
Evans, ANN summit of Mount Amawahqua, 6000-7000 feet, April,
Wood, 4631 ; Faku's Territory, Sutherland.
Folia - a 2 poll longa, 4-1 lin. lata, Scapi 1-7 nm longi.
Capitula 9 lin. diam. Znvolucri. bractee interiores 21-3 lin. longs,
ł lin. late. Corolle radii 3-34 lin. longs, disci 13-12 lin. longe.
. Helichrysum fulvum, NV. E. Brown EE caule elato.
sii paniculato-ramoso plus-minusve breviter setoso-glanduloso pur-
pureo, foliis sessilibus amplexicaulibus ib her glandulosis inferioribus.
oblanceolatis acutis deorsum longe attenuatis marginibus anguste albo-
riatis brunneo-luteis subnitidis ovatis acutis interioribus
quam discus UN longioribus radiantibus exterioribus gradatim
E — Aan , receptaculo leviter foveolato, corolla breviter 5-dentata
| neo-lutea, pappi setis minute scabris apice leviter incrassatis,
co Tum
Habitat.—Natal : Drakensberg, by streams in Tiger Cave Valley,
6000-7000 feet, January, Evans, 352 ; edge of brook near Van Reenans
Pass, 5: mestre im t, December, Wood, 4533.
- Caules 2-3 ped. si Folia inferiora 4-5 poll. longa 4-1 pon lata,
i 3 ipie. 1 po l. longa, 5-8 lin. lata. Capitula 6-8 lin. diam
Meno: de apie 3 lin. longa, 3c m late. Coralie 14-14
i ae
-0
capitulis ad apicem ramorum subconfertis circa 200-300 floris, involucri
bracteis pl i
147
232. — oe N. E. Brown [Composite]; arbuscula, caule
erecto apice ramis adscendentibus paniculatim ramulosis
sabasa auba. foliis. Bm lanceolatis pinnatisectis einem D
basi late alato amplexicauli-decurrente, lobis lateralibus anguste oblongis
Habitat.—Natal: on the pias 6000-7000 feet, eem
Evans, 366.
Caules 10-12 qu alti, 1j poll. crassi. Rami 13-2 ped. longi,
terminali 6-21 lin. longo, 1-4 lin. lato; folia iners. 9-21 lin. eed
14-2 lin. lata. Pedunculi axillares 1-2} poll longi. Pedicelli 6 lin.
n. dia
2 poll. longi. Capitula 4 h m. Znvolucri bractee 4-2 lin. longs,
exteriores 1-2 lin. late, interióéeé 1-1] lin. late. Corolla 2 lim.
longa.
233. Euryops pedunculatus, N. E. Brown Bie frutex
caule robusto apice ramoso, ramis simplicibus v verticillatim Haren u-
losis glabris apice sparse iis alternis p is lobis.
B due e mir acutis interdum rPiloLis vel integris
linearibus glabris, pedu unculis quam folia 3-4-plo longioribus terminalibus
glabris, spieda. radiatis multifloris, involucri bracteis 10-12 ovatis
vel ovato-oblongis acutis glabris, receptaculo denticulato, floribus radii
apice minute tridentatis lateis, floribus disci campanulato-tubulosis basi
angustatis, ovariis breviter albo-lanatis, pappi setis brevibus deciduis.
Habitat. —Natal : Olivers Hoek € 4500 feet, January, Wood , 3601;
top of Alatikulu Hill, 6000-7000 feet. January, Evans, 397. Orange
Free State: without ‘locality, Cooper, 2522. Piiira Houtbosh,
Rehmann, 6133.
Caulis 2-3 ped. altus. Rami 8-12 poll. longi.. Folia ib poll.
longa, lobi $-1$ poll. longi, }—4 lin. lati. "Pedunculi 6-10} poll. longi.
Capitula 9-10 lin. diam. Involucri squame 3-34 lin. long, 1-13 lin.
lat». Corolle radii 5 lin. longs, 1 lin. pss disci 11-2 lin. longz.
Lactuca (Scariola) stenocephala, Baker [Composite] ;
nis, caulibus depitodia erectis ramosis, foliis radicalibus task a
caulinis reductis linearibus, ca capitulis 5-floris in panieulam laxam corym-
dispositis, pedunculis strictis elongatis, involucro eylindrico glabro,
bracteis biseriatis exterioribus parvis ovatis interioribus 5 linearibus
obtusis sequalibus v viridibus, achzenio cylindrico haud rostrato, pappo albo
copioso achenio duplo longiore.
Habitat.—Interior of Western Lagos, Dr. Rowland.
Caulis 6-9 poll. longus. Involucrum 8-9 lin. longum. Achenia
3 lin. longa. Pappus 6 6 lin. longus. 7
148
235. Lactuca (Brachyramphus) holophylla, Baker [Composite] ;
erecta, perennis, foliis inferioribus fasciculatis lanceolatis integris
sessilibus amplexicaulibus superioribus reductis basi sagittatis, enulibus
etib racilibus i: gatis tenuiter pubescentibus, capitulis pauci-
floris in pani jeuhain magnam laxissimam dispositis, involucro cylindrico,
bracteis biseriatis rnc meet parvis interioribus 8 lanceolatis sequalibus
viridibus glabris, achæniis brevibus ‘castaneis in rostrum sen nsim
angustatis, pappo a Hi.
Habitat.—Interior of Central Lagos, Dr. Rowland.
Caulis bipedalis. Folia inferiora 3-4 poll longa, 3-4 lin. lata.
Involucrum 6 lin. longum. Achenium 3 lin. longum, cum rostro 1}
lin, longo. Pappus 3 lin. longus.
236. Wahlenbergia pinifolia, V.E. Brown [Campanulacem]; peren~
nis basi ramosa, caulibus. erectis .simplicibus, hae a densissime | confertis
ntibus semitereto-subulatis ‘supra canaliculatis calloso-acutis glabris,
; " 3i dna à
ciliatis, calycis lobis 5 subulatis eiliatis quam tubus subhemisphericus
subtriplo longioribus, corolla campanulato-infundibuliformi Urera
5-loba glabra cerulea, filamentis basi dilatatis, ovario triloeulari
—Habitat.-—Natal: Weenen. County. at saderiath No. 7,on is mes
5000-6000 feet, Fe OR Evans, 348. -
Apen T Y alti. Folia 4-9 lin. qoa i ni lata Pe edicelli
1-2 lin. longi. PST lobi Zl lin. longi. Corolla 41-5 lin. longa,
d lin. din
237. Erica Barbertona, Galpin [Ericaces]; caules numerosi e
rhizomate perenne annui, erecti, virgati, parce incani, brunnei, 34-6 poll.
alti; folia 4na, imbricata, linearia, obtusa, marginibus revolutis supra
, Subtus, suleata, glabra, rigide glanduloso-eiliata, cum petiolis
obovats vel ovate, acutre, ciliate, subremote; sepala inæqualia, lanceo-
lata, acuta, rosea, setis rigidis glanduliferi is obtecta ; eorolla. calyce 4 plo
GER, circa iH lin. longa, tubulosa, chartacea, rosea, extus dense
i ore aperto, limbo parvissimo ultra roseo, lobis
reflexis late ibtd: genitalia inclusa, anthera basifixa, oblongo-
ii gate biaristulata, aristis nudis subulatis; filamenta fili-
formia ; s filamentis duplo longior, re as! filiformis, stigmate
peltato ; pe tar m globosüm, dense hirsutu
Habitat -— Transvaal : aa ar in tufts unong stones
and rocks.in dry places on mits, Upper Moodies p
Pudiliahaci Mountains, alt. 4500-5100. feet, § September, Golgemy 598...
238. Mim: usops densiflora, Baker [Sapotacee] 5 ade mulis
Mun ee "bes foliis breviter petiolatis oblongis obtusis basi Ain
magnis subcoriaceis utrinque viridibus. glabris, cymis. multifloris ses-
silibus ie ind E ainsi flore longioribus pubeseentibus,. calycis
entis. 6 o squilongis exterioribus subcariaceis € —
brevi
us tenuioribus ineanis, corolla tubo: i
oblongis J vtae es i s, staminibus. calyce longi avai
Aen uid.
E re NUES RA : carae longiore...
149
= Hobiatsi inik or Gf W cate Dto on Mount a dE D Dr Bee
Folia, 4-6 Mt longa, 2-23 poll. lata. Calyx et corolla 2 lin. ionga
Fructus ignot
239. Mimusops padylidù Baker [Sapotaceæ]; arborea, foliis
floribusque ad apicem ramorum crassorum aggregatis, foliis "eo
petiolatis anguste oblongis obtusis basi cuneatis: rigide 1 tis
utrinque viridibus glabris: junioribus pubescentibus venis prima
cde subpatulis parallelis, floribus 8-meris, pedicellis arate
e 2-3+plo longioribus, ealycis segmentis — ovato-oblongis
vee brunneo-pubescentibus, corollz tubo brevissimo lobis ae
calyce paulo longioribus, staminibus calyee eni» stylo pro
- Habitat. —Savannabhs of the interior of Western Lagos, Dr. PUB
Folia 4-5 -— longa, 15-18 lin. lata. Calyx et corolla 3 lin. longa.
Fructus ignotus
0. Mimusops capitata, pei Sion cum a arborea, foliis flori-
nid ad apicem ramorum cra m aggregatis, foliis longe petiolatis
oblongis obtusis basi a "t ide — cens —
lobis ioni calyce squilongis, staminibus calyce squilongis, stylo
xserto
Habitat.—Interior of Western Lagos, Dr. Rowland...
Folia 6-7 rg jen A tar rane pt LI
Calyx et ot ellas did - Fructus ignotus 00 Mia s
Bad b TUG diis - uaiilidsda. did Metas Cii Fuit oti
“aii. PAE [Sapotaceæ] ; arborea, ramulis. ee
eee foliis. distincte petiolatis . is "oblong acutis- basi
cuneatis subeoriaceis utrinque viridibus glabris. eymis axillaribus
sessilibus . 3-6-floris, pedicellis flore longioribus dense pubescentibus,
calycis segmentis 8. lanceolatis, exterioribus subcoriaceis pube
centibus. incan orolle, tubo brevi lobis linearibus ex calyce
protrusis, ovario dense piloso, stylo glabro elongato.
Habitat.—Interior of Western Lagos, Dr. Rowland.
Folia 4—6 poll, longa, medio 2-2] poll. DEN petiolo pollicari,. Calyx
et corolla 44-5 lin. longa. Fructus ignotu
NE. cin [Asclepiadez] ;
242. Schizoglossum e em
coitus erectis patente pubescentibus, foliis. 10-20 oppositis r ioti
quam internodia duplo longioribus oblongis subacutis vel obtusis basi
Satan di levissime subauriculatis vel obtuse rotundatis —
pubescentibus, marginibus revolutis, umbellis ne ;
3 ad apicem caulis coi sis, pedunculis quam folia breviorib
bracteis. subulatis, pedicellis brevibus spenaqne 8 acuminatis
anceo
patente pubescentibus, corolia fere ad basin -loba lobis oblongis.
subobtusis albis breviter ciliatis extus marginibus sparse pubese entibus
intus dense pubescentibus, corone lobis quam columna. staminum duplo
longioribus planis ueni d basi subeordatis vel truncato-rotundatis
erectis a - 2-3 s intus edentatis et ecarinatis albis.
» Habitat.—Natal :: on the slopes of the Drakensberg, 6000-7000 feet,
fana. vans, 358.
150
Caules 3-6 poll. alti.. Foliorum. petioli 1-21 lin. longi, wee 3-2
pot longs, 21-8 lin. late. Pedunculi 3-9 lin. longi. Bractee 14-4
n. long. Pedicelli 2-34 lin longi. Sepala 2-34 lin. TEM 2-3 lin.
lata. Corolle lobi 34-4 lin. longi, Melin lati. Corone lobi 2-2
lin. longi, basi 1 lin. lati, apice 4 lin. |
243. Anisotoma pedunculata, V. E. Brown [ Asclepiadeæ] ; undique pilis
articulatis vestita, caule diffuso vel subscandente, foliis petiolatis cordatis
vel rotundato-cordatis obtusis, cymis umbelliformibus 3-9-floris pedun-
culatis, bracteis parvis subulatis, pedicellis elongatis gracilibus, sepalis
Latis ela dorso infra medium o-carinatis et
erectum productis, Motels apice Tar biitie, ex apice Rein eiia
quam antheræ multo breviore.
Habitat—Natal: valleys of the Drakensberg, 6000—7000 feet,
among =o xin and under Sonda J e ut 379.
Cau
lin. ped 8-18 is late. Pedu meuli 9 lin.-2 poll. pest Pedicelli
"x Ermi pens 1j lin. nee Corolle tubus 1 lin. longus,
244. Anthocleista insignis, Galpin [Loganiacee]; arbor erecta,
glaberrima, 70-pedalis vel ultra ; folia decussata, coriacea, convexa, supra
nitida, subtus pallidiora, oblonga, obovata obtusa, basi anguste cuneata,
magnitudine variabilissima in plantis juvenilibus maxima tanta quanta
. longa, 15 poll. lata, costa subtus multum prominente, venis
æ -flor
13 poll. longæ, fructantes circa p poll. longs, E bracteolisque
concavis obtusis sub-cartilagineis ; sepala valde imbricata, oblongo-
orbiculata, margine seariosa, subundulata ; corolla flaviscente-albida,
calyce quadruplo longior, tubo 14-164 lin. longo supra ovarium leviter
constricto, limbo 13-14 poll. ,expanso, lobor 10-13 "n oblongis
sertu ,crassum
oblonga leviter 2 (idum ; ovarium 2-loeu lare; best "pend 4-lo ; bacca
sip fusiformis, 13 poll. longa, 13 lin, crassa; semina feniformia;
rugosa
Habitat —Swaziland : Horo Forest, alt. 1800 feet. October 1890.
W. Leyson, herb. Galpin, 1358.
_ 245. . Strychnos alnifolia, Baker [Loganiacez ] ; erecta, fruticosa, ecir-
"uk n viridibus glabris supra basin triplinerviis, eymis copiosi
. Compositis laxis axillaribus sessilibus, calycis tubo brevissimo lobis
orbicularibus pubescentibus valde imbricatis, vore ubo brevi lobis
oblongis tubo duplo longioribus, genitalibus potalis bétristir.
Habitat.—lnterior of Western Lagos, Dr. Rowland.
s . Folia 2-23 poll. longa, 12-15 lin. lata. Calya 1 lin. longus. Corolla
. Slin.longus. Fructus ignotus. Go a uel png a
151
246. Diascia cordata, V. E. Brown [Scrophu ularinez]; cau nite
superne laxe ramoso quadrangulari glabro, foliis petiolatis ovatis obtusi
basi cordatis vel subcordatis marginibus eene me dentibus jas
utrinque glabris viridibus, floribus in rae xos terminales 3-15-
floris dispositis, racemis sparse glam tuloso-pabescen ntibus, bracteis alternis
sessilibus vel subsessilibus ovatis acutis dentatis glabris quam pedicelli
earata, labio superiore bo disco bifossulato lobis rotundatis 2
superioribus minoribus, labio A eis late ovato obtusissimo, staminibus
omnibus antheriferis filamentis us parce glanduliferis, ovario
glabro, stylo brevi, eapsnla ovoidea vil | eltipsoidés, seminibus reticulato-
rugosis.
Habitat.—Natal : Drakensberg, Tiger Cave Valley, 6000—7000 feet,
January, Evans, 382; Polela 4000—5000 feet, April, Wood, 4582.
Caules 1-2 ped. alti. Foliorum petioli 1-3 lin. longi, lamine 6-15
lin. longs, 4-11 lin. late. Racemi 14-9 poll longi. Bractee 11-4
lin. longe, 1-2) lin. late, Pedicelli 6-11 lin. longi. Sepala 13-2
lin. longa, 4 lin. lata. Corolla 8 lin. diam. Calcaria 3 lin. longa.
Capsula 2—21 lin. longa, 1j; lin. crassa,
247. Diascia purpurea, V. E. Brown [Scropbularinez |; caule erecto
basi decine quadrangulari glanduloso-pubescente, foliis breviter
petiolatis ovatis vel rotundato-ovatis obtusis basi sub-cuneatis vel
Ee leviter dentatis vel subintegris copes viridibus sparse
1
glanduloso- pubescentibus vel inferioribus M es Subtus violaceo-
eat nervis pate glanduloso-pubescenti floribus in racemum
compactum bracteatum aem m dispositis, ia minusve glanduloso-
tibus, bracteis
bracteis æquilongis vel longiori ribus, sepalis 3 superioribus elliptico
lanceolatis subacutis basi contractis, 2 n majoribus elliptico-
ovatis acutis, corolla inzequaliter bilabiata basi breviter saccato-tubulosa
breviter bicalearata, labio superiore maximo 4-lobo lobis rotundatis disco
ad medium valde intruso vel carinato et prope apicem concavo, labio
inferiore brevissimo latissime rotundato, filamentis 2 anticis ana
erectis 2 posticis antheriferis reclinatis, ovario glabro, stylo incurvo,
Habitat.—Natal : Drakensberg, Tiger Cave Valley, among grass,
scarce, January, Evans, 377.
Caules 6-12 poll. alti. eee 9-16 lin. longa, 5-12 lin. lata. Briem
3-4 lin. longæ, 2-23 lin. late. Pedicelli 4-6 lin. longi. Sepala 2 =
longa, 4-1 lin. lata. Corollis et superius 6 lin. longum, 5-6 li
latum, labium inferius 1 lin. longum, 3 lin. latum. Calcaria 1} lin
248. Lyperia grandiflora, Galpin [ Scrophularinex] iemanto
undique viscoso-pubescens, post siccitationem scabro-pubescens, 2-4 ped.
altus ; rami adscendente, foliosi ; folia subfasciculata, petiolata, variabilia,
nunc lanceolata nunc oblonga vel ovata, com vel obtusa, basi
r og orc pm 12-16 li atone; 34-54 lin. lata ;
racemi
5-8 lin. pots } erireis feu fructiferi segmenta latiuscule linearia, "e lin,
longa; corolle tubu s pubescens, 11-14 lin. longus, calyce quadruplo
152
-— lin. longis, eapsula anguste ovata, acuta, valvulis cuspidatis, calycem
quans.
Habitat.—Transvaal : abundant amongst serub on the hillsides and
in the valleys around Barberton, flowering throughout the year, dn
chiefly in June and July, alt. 2200-3500 feet, Gal 3
pele anise and Bolus Herb. Norm. 1329, near Lydenberg, iregi $
argin of woods on the Drake ensberg, near Macamac Gold Fields,
Me. a, Herb. aie 3024; without. locality, - Mrs. s Saunders, . 193,
Herb. Wood, 3897.
24 tex thyrsiflora, Baker [Verbenacee]; arborea, ramulis
glabris, ee longe petiolatis 5—foliolatis submembranaceis facie viridibus
glabris d o pallide viridibus obseure pubescentibus, foliolis obovato-
oblongis dutegHe cuspidatis, cymis in paniculam amplam terminalem
dispositis, bracteis linearibus parvis, pedieelli, brevibus pubescentibus,
calycis tubo campanulato dentibus deltoideis is parvis, corolle tubo calyce
duplo longiore lobis oblongis parvis, staminibus lobis brevioribus
Habitat.—Inierior of Western Lagos, Dr. Harrison Vie in the
= die Dr. Rowland..
iola 6-8 poll. longa, medio 3-34 poil. lata asc terminali
pole Calyx 14-14 lin. longus. Corolla 3 lin. lor
250. Acroosphaltus lagoensis, Baker [Labiate]; perennis, caulibus
entibus, foliis sessilibus linearibus me me te
pu tibus, eapitulis parvis globosis in paniculam m
corymbosis dispositis, bracteis primariis ovatis parvis pallidis pubescenti-
bus, bracteis floralibus dense pilosis orbicularibus, ealyce dense piloso,
eorollz tubo cylindrieo sursum dilatato, labiis parvis oblongis, stamini-
bus limbo longioribus.
-~ Habitat.—Interior of Western Lagos, Dr. Rowland.
^ Caulis sesquipedalis et ultra. Folia majora 2-3 poll. longa, medio
a4 lin. et: "Capitula 4 lin. diam. Corolle tubus 2 lin. longus. `
251. Eucomis humilis, Baker [Liliaces]; foliis oblongis firmulis
obtusis caa purpureo maculatis , scapo brevissimo subcylindrico, racemo
longo foliis reductis oblongis | purpureo-marginatis
coronato, pedioolli brevissimis, hoger magnis i is, pe io
basi et ad margine ntaru staminibus
perianthio disant Tenien filamentis parpotels - stylo ovario
equilongo.
- Habitat.—Natal: top of Tabamhlope Mountain, alt. 6000—7000 feet,
M. S. Evans, 398!
Folia semipedalis, ]-8 poll. lata. Perianthium 6 lin. longum.
, 252. Kniphofia Evansii, Baker [Liliacem]; radice -apice fibrosa,
foliis productis anguste linearibus erectis. subcoriaceis . paueinervatis
marginibus incrassatis integris, seapo foliis paulo longue racemo denso
oblongo, pedicellis brevibus. inferioribus, cernuis, bracteis ovatis scariosis
albidis pedicellis zequilongis, floribus splendide- rubris inpia atropur-
pureis, autant, india ho lobis «brevissimis: obtusis, perder ibus
» alt, 6000-7000 feet, m s.
158:
Folia seaquipeiay 1 lin. lata’ | Seapus 14-2 pedalis. PM 2-3
poll. longus. nthium 6 lin. longum.
Near K. faidh. Harv., and K. pauciflora, Baker (Bot. Mag.
9).
toideis, scapo simplici foliis paulo longiore deors m hM racemo
subdenso, pedicellis brevibus ascendentibus ipis 'artieu
ie lanceolatis, ma 8 Be ati tubo brevissitto lobis elongatis,
taminibus inclusis, stylo dem
cor tat.— T eee tg Sir John Kirk. - Melee alive at Kemi in- 3884.
It flowered. for the first time April 1895.
Folia 3-4 poll. longa, 1 poll. lata. Aacemus 2 > poll longus, pedicaltig
bracteisque 3 lin. longis. - Perianthium pollicare
,,254.: Aloe (Eualoe). minima, Baker [ Liliaceæ] ; iiis foliis 10-12
etis" rosulatis multifariis anguste linearibus basi, valde dilatatis
facie canaliculatis . copi albo-maculatis aculeis Cea erebris
PA albis lanceolatis, scapo simplici bracteis vacuis pluribus pradito,
flor dense .racemosis,. pedi dicellis ascendentibus, bracteis ovato-
acuminatis magnis, perianthio epaeneo pallide rubello tubo brevissimo
nis elongatis, genitalibus inclusi
Habitat.—Natal: solitary amongst grass on the South lat AM. S.
Evans, 409
| Folia 6-8 poll longa, supra basin: 13-.lin. lata. .
longus. Pedicelli 3-6 lin. longi... qae os 44 litt
255. Ornithogalum sg ed pepe i d e E rire bulbo
parvo boso tunicis exteri s pallidis, | foliis
sepissime binis linearibus glabris e setti adapo v felis equilongo, floribus
sepissime 2 erectis, pedicellis
png a campanulato albo. segmentis oblongis: concoloribus —
stamini thi
ovario ction | stylo "brevissimo.
Habitat. —Natal: summit of Tabamhlope Mountain, alt. 6000-7000
feet, M. S. Evans, 314.
Bulbus 3lin. diam. olia 14-2 poll. longa, 1 lin. lata. Periakikum
3 lin. longum.
Albuca (Falconera) humilis, Baker [Liliaceae | ; bulbo ovoideo
ami exterioribus membranaceis, foliis 3 anguste linearibus ‘erectis
glabris, scapo brevi, floribus 2-3 c corymbosis pedicellis erecto-patentibus,
“Habitat “Natal: wet rocks at the top of Tebaniblope: Mountain, alt.
6000-7000 foet, A M. S, Evans, 361.
, Bulbus |. 4-6 diam. Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 4-6 poll. lata,
Perianthium 6 ^u We ou :
154
CCCCLXV.—SJAM BENZOIN.
Benzoin is also known. in English commerce as Gum Benjamin. It
is a gum-resin obtained by incision in the bark of trees in Sumatra and
Sia enzoin is used as a stimulant and expectorant in chronic
bronchitis. It is also one of the principal ingredients in Friar's Balsam,
and is largely used for incense
Sumatra benzoin is yielded by Styrax Benzoin, Dry., a well-known
tree. Daiwa 8 this species are under cultivation at Kew, and many
have lately been distributed to botanical san EILEEN a the PN
of the New World. Of the tree yielding Siam benzoin we know very
little. As long ago as 1865, Sir R. H. Schom ibr "Eit "British
Consul at Bangkok, was asked to investigate the E baut although
able to give, at second hand, a very interesting account of the mode of
collecting the resin, he was unable to obtain botanical pes of the
see Mie it. Of late years renewed efforts have been made to solve
the lem.
Captain Hicks, of Bangkok, was successful in obtaining a few small
plants of “gum benjamin from the Northern Laos States" in —
The survivors of these were presented to the Botanic Gardens
Singapore by Mr. Jamie. A fuller account of Captain Hicks’ efforts i is
given by Mr. E. M. Holmes, F.L.S, in the Pharmaceutical Journal,
XIV. [3], p. 355. The locdlity from which the plants were obtain ed
was given as * Sua ban This, we now know, is a misprint for
Luang Prabang, a district in the extreme north-east of the States
of S i n Tran Ninh,in the French te
In the hope that the Siam benzoin tree might possibly extend to t
Shan States of Harn an application was a ew to the
India Office in 1889, and as a result a careful inquiry was made
e Government of India in Terisecitf r Burma, and
Sm Shan States. In 1890 it was reported that * the efforts made
e the , existence of the plant in those localities have been
—
i the first authentic information respecting the district in
which the tree is to be found is contained in a recent Report by Mr.
Beckeit, forwarded to the Foreign Office by Mr. de Bunsen on the
Trade of Siam for 1893 (Foreign Office, Annual Series, 1895, No. 1520).
The following extract shows that Siam benzoin is obtain ed from an
extremely circumscribed locality on the east bank of the River Mekong,
in territory now occupied by the French. It is feared that the trade in
this article will be ultimately diverted to Tonquin, which is nearer to the
— of supply than Bangkok :
* Gum-benjamin.—Of gum- benjamin, 319 piculs, or "mi 20 tons,
moet in the export list, valued at 21,005 dollars, or 27137. This valu-
ble resin is also a product of ses east bank of the ahs and is
titatosting as being confined Mg — zone of fore
se et to the east of Luang Probatig, ly ing between 19th and 21st
a view : Spode 9 Án between Log Prabang and Tongin
»- are chiefly British, have aee com -
aoe the recie, tiis be diverted entirely from Bang to-
one
155
d thence to France and Belgium, to be memes into balsam, "E
small cen is used aa for ME
* Price ing 1893 were bad, first class i AER hen ji fetching 125
ticals per fiil (or about 1657. per tii) and the second class, 45 "d
per pieul (ubout 407. per ton). The e good quality known nee "buyers
‘bold blocky almondy’ was scarce.’
CCCCLXVI.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES
Mr. I Henry Humpnrtes, in the employ of the Royal
Gardens, has been appointed by the Secretary of State for the
Colonies Curator of the Botanic Station at Aburi, on the Gold Coast,
mphri
succession to the late : illiam Crowth ies
entered the Royal Gardens in Janua , having previously spent
neatly nine years with Messrs. Kelway & Son, at Somerset
e E
in Kiéiiefità ary Physics and Chemistry, Organography and Systematic
Botany, and Economie Botany.
Mr. Hues McMurray, in the employ of the Royal Gardens, has been
appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the recomenda-
tion of Kew, Head Gardener of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Peradeniya,
Ceylon. Mr. McMillan entered the Royal Mai on the 21st Au
1893. He had previously served at Cyfartha Cus
Gardens in Sout e has tl nen the course of
lectures at Kew, and holds e eig in five subjects, including. Brit British
Boti.
Mr. Jonn CnisNALL Moors, in the e a ofthe Royal Gardens, has
been appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the recom-
mendation of Kew, Curator of the mamas Station at St. Locis; in the
Windward Islands, West Indies. Mr. Moore entered the Royal Gardens
a attendance at lectures at Kew in med mets Organography,
ener Botany, and Geographical B
—The R toyal Gardens are indebted to nsu James
about 9 c This was purchased from a Californian nurseryman
1890. It Mowers in the year following, and a figure of it was published
in the —— nical Magazine, t. 7222. Other large specimens among
the rrivals are two of Echinocactus Wislizeni, each 6 feet
high and parcum 4 ewt. Judging by the slow rate of growth "
smaller examples of this species, which have been at Kew 10 yea
these two large plants must be of very great age, probably huudreds P
156
years. This species is remarkable for its bulky stems. -The specimens
are 2 feet in diameter, and armed with stout. hooked „Spines, resembling
strong jack hooks. There are also two large specimens of Opuntia
arborescens, remarkable for its long spines, each enclosed in a loose pale
yellow sheath ; two equally large of O. fulgida, peculiar in the down-
r “weeping” growth of its branches; two of O. arbuscula
and three small plants of the new Cereus Pringlei, an ally of C.
giganteus. These m are at present grouped in the centre of the
Succulent House (No.
Botanical Magazine.— The plants figured in the May number are
Kniphofia Northie, Vaccinium erythrocarpum, Argylia canescens,
Veronica Hectori, and Cypripedium Charlesworthii, With the excep-
pon of the Veronica, they were all drawn from plants that flowered at
w. The Kniphofia was brought from Grahamstown, Cape zao
to Kow i in 1883 by Miss Marianne North, after whom it was d.
With h slight protection it bears our winters, and last year Howard freely
in the open air at Kew in June. It is a vigorous caulescent species,
resembling an Aloe, and there is a ee of it in the North Gallery,
n. onis Mercer ery rpum is a pretty North American har y
es, the berries i: nearly black when ripe. Argylia canescens
(Big (Bignoniacem) is | is a member of an exclusively Andean genus. asa
| fous with slender annual flowering stems -— Sd ARA
The Kew plant was — by T. King, Esq., of Garnett Glasgow.
Veronica H New Zealand species of the ou, tà vini ean
closely imbrieated leaves like a cypress: It was drawn from à: en
communicated by Dr. Balfour, Regius Keeper of the Edinburgh Botanic
rden. The plant of Cypripedium pevna teaa figured was pur-
chased at an auction sale. 1t is an ornamental species inhabiting the
Shan Hills, Upper conn the orovtndb of Aracan, Bengal, as
stated in the Css m
All the plan li aid i in the June number were drawn from specimens
at Kew. Crinum Schimperi is a handsome Abyssinian species,
received at Kew both from the Berlin Botanic Garden and Mr. Max
Leiehtlin of Baden-Baden. . Trichocladus grandiflorus belongs to an
exclusively South African genus. of the Hamamelidee. It was raised
from seeds communicated in 1890 by Mr. E. E. Galpin of Quoenstowii,
Cape Colony, and flowered in the Temperate House for the first time in
1894. Ribes teosum is.a striking species ien
Douglas in 1826, at the mouth of the Columbia River regon. The
history of its introduction to Kew is unknówn, and it [ does not appear
to be in cultivation elsewhere in this country. Peraphyllum ramosis-
; revious summer gum autumn. Tei is a member of thë Pomnacez, an
pe allied to Amelanchier. The last is Rosa Lucie, a pretty white-
prostrate €— native of Japan, which was presented to Kew
n yr Professor Sargent, Direetor of the Har ‘vard Arboretum, Boston.
US. a under ihe nit of R - wichuri uriana
E of Booki.—The Mis ses Case of Heath Brow (Lian,
Me i, have presented 16 volumes of. beara | books to Kew,
157
chiefly relating to British plants, and- consisting v m of üithéfent
editions of works by authors already represented in the library. Among
them Bingley, J. Donn, Knapp, Lees, and Withering.
Kniphof’s Botanica in Originali, seu Herbarium Vivum, 17 68-1764.—
The name Kniphof, as commemorated in the genus Kniphofia, is not
unfamiliar, but comparatively few persons will know anything of the
history of the man who was the author of the w ork of which the above
o
botanical book has lately been added to the Kew library. It is interest -
ing historically, both on account of its being a record of plants cultivated
at that date in Germany, and chiefly, in all probability, at Erfurt, as
it was there the author resided, and also on account of its
of the earliest, if not actually the first, work E considerable extent, in
which the process of nature-printing was employed to illustrate plants.
It would appear sat "s Diae uh a contemporary of foa was
may be
plants, as there is S plished Avie i him on the subject addréseii on
Kniphof, dated 1733; but this is not in the Kew library. The title
is: Sendschreiben an J. H. Kniphof, die Art die Kräuter nach dem
Leben abzudrucken und also compendióse Herbaria picta zu machen,
vorstellend. The full title of the work in question is: Botanica in
Originali seu Herbarium Vivum in quo Plantarum tam Indigenarum
quam Exoticarum ne quidam operosaque enchiresi atramento
impressorio obductarum Nominibusque suis Methodum Illustrium
nostri aevi Debinicntiti Listas et i Insignitarum n
sima ectypa exhibentur. Opera et St —€— Godofredi Tram
ie are two foolseap folio oli ið taining 1202 figures, one
besides a number ii iw vibe h the title. pages of the
12 reed in which it was issued, for the purposes of embellishment,
making a total of 1250 species represented. Figure 545 is missing.
The Kew copy is probably unique in being coloured, the colouring
being most likely the work of a private person, for there is no mention
of coloured copies by any of the bibliographers. - The stances ef is
at Cologne, who seems to have acquired it in 1764, the date of the
publication of the last part. Subsequently it mast ‘have passed into
English hands, as some person has written, in a very neat hand, the
ind names of many of the plants.
rrangement is alphabetical, with the Linnean names of the
first adition. of the Species Plantarum, and references to the pages of
that work, as well BS the Systema, and Ludwig’s Definitiones Generum
Plantarum. The * specific phrases” of the Species Plantarum are
also reproduced.
Indian Plants.— The Rev. R. Huter, of Sterzing, Austrian Tyrol,
has wt st a collection of dried plants, made by Hieronymus Ras
ssionary, near Bethia, North Behar, and on the Nepal frontier. It
consist of Aout à 450 species, including a few new ones.
158
Natal Plants.—Mr. J. Medley Wood, A.L.S., Curator of the Natal
Botanic Garden, has presented a further small parcel of dried plants of
great interest.
Plants of the Milanji Hills.—M r. H. H. Johnston, C.B., Ser eete
and Consul-General in British Central Africa, has transmitted a small
collection of dried plants, made by Mr. J. McClounie, together with a
few seeds. Most of the plants are the same as those collected by
Mr. Whyte, and published in i Transactions of the Linnean Societ,
(Botany, 2nd series, vol. ar> pt. 1, pp. 1-68, tt. 1-10), but they include
a number of which Kew did not previously possess any Herbarium
specimens, notably the cypress, Widdringtonia Whytei. There are
also three or four apparently undescribed species, of which the material
in some instances is insufficient for description.
Flora of British Somali-land.—Miss Edith Cole and Mrs. Lort
Phillips and party made a dese in this Seg last meee and 24
t 3
spring, and collected and dried ab 00. species of flow ing plants
and a few ferns, which Wk have gorii media ted 6 The
ces Taivasi was from Berbera to the Golis range of hills, t rise
to a height of 5000 feet. In view of the comparatively recent partial
botanical investigation of the island of Socotra, and Mr. Bent’s collec-
tions from Southern Arabia, together with the fact that little is known
of T flora of Somali-land, some highly interesting results are e
fro e working-out of ‘these ladies’ collections. The Acanthaces,
sepesially, are very strongly represented; there is a new fern; and the
three orchids include an apparently new species of Epipactis, a genus
not previously known to inhabit tropical Africa, though we believe
Mr. Scott Elliot also collected a species in the Ruwenzori mountains,
Miss Cole also collected and presented to Kew plants of s Esos of
pn a Dracena, various bulbs, ii 20 packets of seed
Anthocle ignis.—Mr. E. E. Galpin, of Queenstown, South
Africa, whose description of this tree is given at p. 150, sends the
following note respecting it :-
This handsome tree is abundant in the Horo forest and Je a Md
useful timber. The wood is white, soft, easily worked, and, I believe
branch, and, bearing at their summit a cluster of magnificent leaves
which are considerably larger than those borne by the mature trees, and
give the tree a somewhat at palm-like a ce. Not having an oppor-
tunity of visiting the locality during the flowering season, I am indebted
to Mr. William Leyson, the courteous manager ot the Horo Concession,
or a fine series of flowering and fruiting specimens, which were only to be
got at by felling the trees bearing them. [A plant is growing at Kew].
Bre Plants from South Arabia.—Mr. J. Theodore Bent has
returned from a second journey in Arabia Felix, bringing with him a
on of dried plants, made by himself, and giosa Inner. to
159
The parts visited by Mr. Bent on this occasion were the
about 250 in number, were collected at the latter place, in the Dhofar
mountains, which rise to a height of about eet. Mr. Bent
avoided collecting plants he recognised as having been collected by
Mr. Lunt, who accompanied him on his visit to the Hadramaut country,
which was a pity, because many of them are very rare, or at least only
represented in herbaria by Lunt’s specimens. He also eschewed the
common coast plants and weeds of cultivation, which was more to the
purpose. ‘This collection is not so rich in novelties as the po ious one,
nter no new generic type, though nearly a score e species
be undescribed. It manifestly illustrates d westward
extensions of types common to Baluchistan and Sind. very distinct
on dyrum Stocksü, is a noteworthy example. It had
wild cotton,
prp only been found in Sind, and some authorities have regarded
i of the wild progenitors of cultivated cotton. Merbat i is near
the Shiny of the Arabian Frankincense country, and Mr. Bent obtained
good specimens of the true plant, Boswellia Carteri, Birdw., as well as
one of the M rrhs, Balsamodendron Opobalsamum. Mr. Bent has
exhibited a selection x his. plants both at the Royal Geographical
Society and Royal Society,
The Flora of the Solomon Islands,—Since the preceding paper
(p. 132) on Mr. Comins's plants was pat into type, Kew has en
through Rasidi Wharton, C.B., Hydrographer to the .
another small collection of dried plants and a box of orchids foot this
interestin wi of islands, , made by the fiiis i of H. M. S.« Penguin, "
Comman i. Eo DAMM,
including two species of Beyonia, a very handsome Eugenia, a Myri »
tica, some Scitamineæ, and orchids. The curious Lepinia taitensis
was found in the island o Nek Georgia, where indeed most of the
plants appear to have been collected ; and the seeds appear to be good.
There are also seeds of (Ge Guppyi, Hemsl, a singular
member of the Seitaminez figured in the Annals o any, v. t. 27.
But the most important part of the collection consists of leaves, female
inflorescence, and seeds of the Sararanga sinuosa, Hems!., (Pan-
danacem) described and figured from very imperfect materials in the
Journal of the Linnean Society, XXX., p. 216. t. 11. Ahe are also
pho showing the habit of the tree, and Lie A BE
Somerville and S. C. Weigall communicated the following daea
and particulars of this ee distinct screw-pine
“In New Geo eorgia, Soloi — it was iud growing exclusively
at the estuaries of rivers, never in very large quantities, and ly
in clumps of three or fo The natives say that it does not grow on
the hill tops, but only in such positions as we found it, close to the
water ; and tha t it is not very common anywhere. Their name for it
on the Northern coast is * Ndali,’ while at Rubiana, on the Southern
side of New Georgia, it is called * Pate
It is said by the natives of Savo Island to exist there also.
*'lhe average height of a full grown tree is 60 feet, including the
branches, which radiate out from the stem at the top of the trunk only,
to a length of about 10 feet.
U 87550. Cc
160
** One specimen, growing on a «mall point of river boulders and sand
ins but poor nourishment and root-hold, had the lower part of the
runk to a height of 6 feet from the ground, enclosed in a thick
covering of small tendril-like roots, closely adhering together, and
tightly packed in to the tree, following its contour, g giving the appearance
of a sudden thickening of the bark. CA s specimen is enclosed of these
rootlets. There were no aerial roots in any instance. The tree is in
flower between October and January; though -— months probably
do not represent the limits between which this oe
“ The flower head grows in the centre of the leat. bisebhes which them-
selves occur at the end of the large branches radiating from the head of
the trunk. It consists of a tough main stem, strongly bent at the foot,
SO as to“ cause the flower head to "hang down wards, from whieh spring
stem.
low we largest ower-branchlet had 16 minor branches
springing from i growing irregularly both in distance and position,
and eee 162 bom
hen first cut dosi: the Priced ae a a fetid odour like that of
E which, iet ir a s00
The following measurements of the lower Bd were made :—
length from base of stem to tip. i60 45 cried Two specimens,
: Pe
Girth of stem at lowest flower branch - 4} inches
Distance between two flower branchlets - 3} ,,
Length of first flower branchlet a a CU.
Length of last flower branchlet - - TO E.
Length of head branchlet . - Ge e ee
“ The distinguishing feature of the leaves of this species is that there
are no spines or thorns on the edges, or mid-ribs for the greater part of
their length. The species already described from Fauro Island, by
ree, a Guppy, appears to have had only a few at the very point. In
the New Georgian variety, as will be seen, there are spines for a short
distance from the base of. the leaf upward, and from the point of the
leaf downward, continuing farther still down the mid-rib.
AM The leaves grow in clumps at the end of the boughs, es iue
thr ead. There were
“The following averages were made from the mensurements of three
fully matured leaves :
Ft. in
—w Whole length of leaf about - 1 10
istance from base, bearing spines on n the edges ue Ec
Intermediate space, clear of spine - 5 0
Distance from point vens Spitich on the edges - 0 10j
o » id-rib pl RN.
The point of the leaf is dios like a bayonet, and is usually brown,
except in the younger leaves."
(Signed) Borre T. SOMERVILLE, Lieut. R.N.
S. MS, Lieut. R.N.
T particulars are valuable, and, e en with the speċi-
ien vil perm ofa mome apio description urs eem than has
161
hitherto ue published. M map y, the male inflorescence and
flowers still unknown. There is no doubt, however, in spite of
1600 to 1900 feet), that Mes and the same species inhabits the two very
different situations indica On consulting Guppy's work ( The Solomon
Islands, p. 288) in relation to this question, it was found that he men-
tions a species of Begonia being common on the slopes of the hills of
Fauro Island, though Sus was no specimen in the collection he presented
to Kew.
The box of orchids pene above was a p most of
the plants being dead, owing to excessive pen A Dendrobium
‘Celogyne, and poids ap Alas may be save
Date Cultivation in South Australia .—On the motion of the Hon
R. A. Tarlton, a report was presented to the Legislative Council of
South Australia recommending the cultivation of the Date Palm in the
Far North districts in 1884. Since that time the Woods and Forests
Department has given special attention to the subject. The principal
operations were carried on near Hergott Springs. In June 1891, there
3 feet to 4 feet high. Suckers were subsequently obtained from Kurrachee
through the agency of Afghans bringing camels to - Colony. In the
Report of the Woods and Forests Department for it is stated :
“The results attending the cultivation of the rines alm at H T
Springs have been very gratifying . . . . The 13 older seedling
ms are now 6 feet to 10 feet | high, and the younger ones are growing
» an equally vigorous rate. he most encouraging feature is the
ccessful ripening of a good-sized bunch of dates of very fair quality
on a Fe pales planted barely six years ago." A male palm flowered in
d a female palm in September following. The latter was
artificially fertilized, and in 158 days’ time the ripe fruit wa red,
pected that this fruit would be of superior quality,
seeing that it was produced by a seedling palm from seed of unknown
kind. The dates were, however, pronounced to be of fair
marketable quality, and their perfect maturity affords definite proof of
the possibilities open to date culture in the South Australian interior.”
In the Report for 1893-94, just to hand, further particulars are given:
: iot
« s are from 6 feet to 11 feet in hei ine
of them have flowered ; of these, six were ma three ‘ad
The bunches produced weighed respectively 2} lbs. and 7? lbs. “ [tis
interesting to note that one of these bunches was fertilized by
from a freshly cut male spadix, and the o er len from a male
spadix which had been kept for six weeks in a box. In each ‘instance
the operation was most successful, ha a ido failing to mature."
Suckers of the celebrated * Deglet Nour” date palms from Algeria, 50
aber, have this year been received at Adelaide. They were
fruit.
experimental garden at t Ham and shipped by way of Marseilles.
They arrived in South AME in excellent condition. A similar
U 97550.
162
consignment was received at Sydney for the Government of New South
Wales. In Queen pond efforts are also being made. to establish date
cultivation. ‘The late Dr. Bancroft exhibited samples of dates. grown
in Queensland hy a meeting of the Acclimatisation Societ y in
“May 1893... .
© Orthezia gin buignis.- The Tropical pnis for aly" 1895
contains a aper by Mr. E. E. Green, of Ceylon, on “an important
Insect Enemy." From this article the following extracts are taken :—
* In Dr. Trimen’s Annual Report on the Botanical Gardens for 1893,
as, fortunately, as yet shown no
Tr Import products, tea and cacao.
yd » for x freee Pes dabetian
je in infested ‘with
ian, species. will | be des liable A
E Dr. Trimen is of opinion that this is mainly a dee pest) p dió
not expect that it will spread to estates. It is to be hoped that this
possibly develop a.taste for other plants, as was the ease with the
pur ted Seale’ (Icerya Purchast), which, at hee prac tically ponit
acacia and orange: trees, finally: botesie- almost omnivorous (p. 437).
ea U* U* *
* The. insect is known to entomologists by og name of Orthezia
insignis, Douglas, . being first. described by Mr. J: W. Douglas
specimen gue) in Kew Gardens, where it is now said to’ be üpimii an
ta fi mene of sa et in the apent bourse It Nus more e scd
wit
identical.
* Ori ciginitind as sit does i in the — Botanical irdd there is
little doubt but ‘that we owe the introduction of this pest to ean
received from Kew.’ Its native? country has not been determin
Mr. Gie reen’s imt as to “the enormous amount. of damage in 1 the
plant-houses ” caused by the insect is very much exaggerated, and I am
unable to ascertain the authority on which it is made. Mr. Buckton, in
Indian Museum Notes (l.c. p. 104) says :—“ The Kew insect appears
.. to be spreading over the hot-houses of EN and seems to be very -
& difficult. F uch
to annihilate. t does as muc Ege £ as the more „common
“ke lage at
168
-Orthezia insignis was first described in the pela yh Monthly
Magazine. for yuma ary 1888. Mr. Douglas says :— In st. Mr,
Edward T. B e, Uxb bridge e Lodge, Shepherd Bush, d Aid
per of this Qd which he had. obtained: ih the Royal Gardens at
Kew, requesting that I
particulars :—* First found on Strobilanthes, : a yos eplan which has
been in the Economic House three years ; it may now, be seen in the
adjoining house on other foreign plants.
The Assistant Curator has furnished the following report on the
subject :—
* The Chinese Strobilanthes referred = is S. flaceidifolius, Nees (Bot.
Mag. t. 6947), which was ener from Hong Kong in .May.1886. -This
plant is not mue y the Orthezia, whereas S. gossypinus Sed
S. pats two Indian species introduced by means of seeds 1
fro camund in 1887, have been much Ru to it, :
n
tropical houses for about ten ‘years, but we cannot trace its source.”
In Timehri (vol. iii, m ew, ser, 1889, p. 308) Mr. S. J. McIntire
figures the Orthezia with the remark :—-* Noti ced as a sige among
the plant vermin, of Kew Gardens, into which place, we v, know, it
must pate Se en intr oduced aie some UR from British ee
especially those oem Dv iceous « rdi PPS age A
common it is not nearly PEE ve or troublesome as Allies we |
allies, -
In the young state it is very vendetta after it becomes fully
eloped. it is more ed upon by its natural enemies, which
ects are more assiduous than the grubs of the different species of
Coceinel la, Syrphas, the various Hemerobide, of which ities eint
species of Chrysopha act a chief part.
r. Ward was appointed to the Botanic Gardens i in Désniek from
owe: in 1886. “i does not se =+ his observations were made on tlie
insect in Demera It may, however, be présumed that they were, and
that he had Bowi ‘the Orthezia ate some time.
As far as Kew is concerned, the Orthezia is rather a scientific: curiosity
itin. a troublesome
` The dispersion of fist: diseases through the interchange of plants
undoubtedly a poni requiring careful precautions. The Pe te
i n an o Switzerland. e Coff . disease
ee
dee and to German East Africa on the other, It has always
a matter of the deepest anxiety lest by any accident it should
be introduced through Kew to the New World, where it-does not at
‘present exist. It has been no less a matter of anxiety Jest the Coffee-
eaf aie should be i nfroduced into the Old World. Kew extends,
0
described br the late Professor Moseley as "aem Kewense, which is
generally to be found in the houses, is a case in poin
L3
164
It is undoubtedly possible that the Orthezia may have reached Ceylon
by way of Kew. It is not, however, very probable, and the reverse
may just as well have been the cas It exists in the public Ve cmm
owever, from which plants are tibt drawn for exportation. m plan
in the propagating houses from which distribution is made per
scrupulously clean, and every precaution is taken to send them m free
from taint of any sort or kind.
iger Coast Protectorate.—In a Report on the Administration of
the Niger Coast Protectorate, presented to the Foreign Office, for the
years 1891-94, pp. 5 and 6, Sir Claude MacDonald, 'K.C.M .G., gives
the A interesting account of the efforts made to establish a
c Station and develop the resources of the extensive territory
under "his charge :—
“ Tt will be seen on perusing my brief remarks on the subject of the
trade of pe district, that the principal, and, by comparison, the only
article of € “is derived from the fruit of the palm tree Kiwis
uineensis. «E have frequently pointed this out to the native trader, and
fe endeavoured to rouse him to the fact that his country produces
“other articles — from a commereial point of view, are more valuable
even than | The oo trader is, however, difficult to move and
very conservative. What was gocd enough for his father is good
enough for him. There are, however, some notable exceptions to this
rule, and one or two of the native chiefs are waking up to the advan-
tages of trading in articles other than palm oil. To the end that every
encouragement may be given to the cultivation and collection of various
natural products, a botanic station has been started at Old Calabar. I
enclose - by V
Ir. Horace Billington, Curator of the Devan
she work has been done on the station, as also a report by hi
“on the emer of the im lying to the eastward of the Old Calabar
River, and a similar report of the banks of the Cross Ri y
phe Mr. Billington has drawn up a very useful little possis"
whi s been translated into Efik, the native language o “alabar,
and distributed gratis to the chiefs in this river, and to some in the others,
giring useful rules and hints respecting the growing of puru and cacao.
o po puces ue this industry, free gifts of young c
made to chiefs who will clear the ground for their See, and as
the plar does not bear until its fourth year, a small grant is made
yearly for each plant alive and healthy at the end of the third year.
When the plant begins to bear the grant Eus aud the plant then
becomes the property of the planter, and begins to pay for itself. The
export of coffee from the Protectorate was in sie first year of the new
rt
"of cacao in the ear was 21,760 lbs.; and in the second year
- 51,299 De. When, dene the natives begin to learn the lessons
taught by the botanic garden, I anticipate a large increase in the
of this as se as other and new products. It will be seen in the
~ Curator's Report that the garden has been visited by pem native
"chiefs, who have shown an intelligent interest in the e, Mr.
: Ene pe is a most enthusiastic and painstaking official,"
165
Cultural Industries at the Gold Coast.—The following extract is tak
from =g Report on the Gold Coast for the year see pud published
by the Colonial Office. [Annual Series, 1895, No.
“ The only important advance which has been iit in the cultivation
everal
size been
natives in the country of Akwapim, and the larger plantations fi the
neighbourhood of Cape Coas t, more especially that owned by the
Glasgow firm of Messrs. Miller Brothers and Com mpany, are beginning
to produce the coffee berry in paying quantities. It wil een on
deut, to the table of exports, that the export of coffee has increased
from 12,899 Ibs. in 1892 to 21,437 lbs. in 1893.
“ It is satisfactory to note that the export of kola-nuts has uem
3d.
cig value in 1892 being 13287. 7s. 3d., whereas it was 25,7164. bs. 7d.
n 1893. f stated in my report for 1892 that more would x heard of
PR as an article of export, and there is every reason to suppose
d
that attention is now being given to this valuable Soma product,
ee is to be found in large quantities in the hinterland of the Gold
Coas
Tis trade in rubber was very good, as the following comparison
with the trade in 1892 shows :—
c Weight. | Value.
Ibs.
acc z : ; : 2,002,000 —
LOI o iu Er ames aoe ae 3,895,990 -
** A good dai of general work has been acne in the Government
botanical station during the year and considerable attention has been
paid to the plantations of coffee and cacao, 1 n the cultivation of both of
hrough the country of Akwapim to the interior are large numbers of
ida clearings in which coffee plants, —— n by purchase from
the botanical station, are to be seen in t flourishing condition.
The Liberian coffee plant appears to chet gi but there a are large
quantities also of the Arabian coffee plant, the berry of whi hich, however,
" small. and apparently deteriorated. It will probably be necessary for
e Government at no distant date, if the coffee in ustry is to be
foii into a trade, to instruct these native cultivators in the proper
way of preparing the berry for export. At pee us most primitive
method is employed. The berries are Maipo and with a round
166
hours in passing over the town, and at the botanical station some foyer
was done by them to the plantains
Industries in Florida.—In the Kew Bulletin, 1895, pp. 125, 126, a
ote was given respecting the serious effects on the orange groves of
1895. The extent and «
the tropical and sub-tropical cultivation in Florida, ineluding that of
orange growing, were very considerable. The following tables are
taken from a Foreign Office Report (Annual Series, 1895, No. ae
St. Joh:
TABLE 1.
y Em of Vagai and Garden Products of Florida (Products of
45 Counties) for the Year 1891.
OG ea pU Airek, Quantity. |- Classifier. Value.
Ek plant | "ENS Wm | 1056
zg pant. * : 10 ,16 rrels - 15,983
Squashes - z 13,270 » *| 20588
riget - - 2,582 219,888 »----|- 210,239
- - - 80,616 Crates - 112,823
Cucu ibo - - 798 56,339 » - 63,739
English peas E - 123 5,576 5 - 6,950
Beets : 5 10,865 » č 8,533
Water melons - - 2,897 | 1,895 Car loads - 136,569
Tomatoe - - 4,098 421,746 oxes - 25,226
Irish, potatoes - = 710 | 45,020 Bushels - | 62,149
TABLE 2.
RETURN of the Fruit Crop of Florida for the Year 1891.
Articles. gine d. Quantity. | Classifier. Value.
P olla
Oranges - - -| 2 eo d 8,585,564 | Boxes - | 3,838,517
Le a 31,586 P 4 50,348
Limes - - 6. et 9,375 s - 5,536
Peaches. - - - 326,739 74,725 | Bushels - 83,465
Figs - - - 8,714 E - 4,146
me - - - — 5,817 a - 8,948
vocado pears - 2 54 Barrels - 1,605
saati ke asa EES 4.555 2,788 » - 7,824
Pears: - - E 199,176 25,366 9 - 58,254
Grape fruit E asia 12,123 8,74 » 3 18,627
Bananas- - - 50,822. | Bunches - 22,189
. Btrawberries.- - - — 1,054,717 | Quart E 212
. Pineap STE = 8,240,180 | Apples - 612,780
io ets 55,468 sient Nu à 1,70
167
‘The Consul adds Hie In giving the foregoing tables dem the
various products of the State of Florida it will be u at I
have very much in view that this information will be ym ie i our
people in the British possessions where the climates are like the climate
of Florida. It will be seen by the tables how many things are grown
not by any o such ex
and on such business principles as carried out in Florida, and which
mode of cultivation can alone lead to such money results as are obtained
in Florida in such a ere e pursuits.”
In a further Foreign Office Report (Annual Series, 1895, No, sed
the following further particulars are given respecting the disaster that
has overtaken the orange industry in Florida :—
“On December 28, 1894, the outlook in Florida was very bright.
The orange groves had fruited more generously than usual. Alrea
the growers had marketed about 3,000,000 boxes of oranges ad re-
munerative prices. There were still 2,500,000 boxe
oranges. ‘But when the morning of December 29 dawned all this
had been swept away ; for the mercury had fallen to freezing point,
and the oranges were found frozen har n a few hours fruit worth
several millions of dollars had been turned to ice
“Developments during January, however, seem to confirm the
assertion of orange-growers that the Devoir. frost had not materially
injured the old trees. The weather that followed the Christmas
blizzard was wes ees favourable, and soon it was reported that
trees were*shedding the leaves that had been blighted, and were putting
forth new t€
* On February 7 everything seemed to point to a good crop; but this
cheerful prospeet was destined to be succeeded by a condition E hopeless
pie mer for the mercury, as was mentioned elsewhere in this report, fell
o 20 degrees below freezing point. The opinion prevailing is that the
e frost was fatal to the trees, and that it will be years before they can
'e
No full crop can be expected before 1897. Many of the trees
have been split to the grou veral weeks have elapsed since the
cold wave—week ost favourable weather—and no signs of li
have been shown by the great majority of the groves. To judge by their
appearance, the trees are only fit for firewood.”
ian Zalil--In the Kew Bulletin, 1889, p. 111, a description was
the Botanical Magazine, t. 7049, of the
iva L wi h a plate m l
Persian dye-plant Zalil. The plant was firs st t described in the Trans-
exportation for dyeing silk. The following note
the Journal o of t the Society of ri Industry, vol. xiv., 31st May
ae gets it appears as a contr ibution from the Clothworker's
Rese Laboratory in the Dyeing Department of € ics
College, Leeds, by canal J. J. Hummel and A. G. Per
Delphinium Zalil.— is a perennial herbaceous plant vue to
the Ranunculacee, which bears a spike of yellow flowers 2 feet in
168
height. It is abundant in certain parts of Afghanistan, e.g.,on the
downs of the Badghis, and in the vicinity of Gulran, and in Khorasan.
T
viá the Punjab, into all parts of India. It is used in the native
chico printing, but chiefly in sil yanga along with Datisca cannabina
oots, and with alum mordant, for the production of a bright sulphur-
or Sur known as gau . Its price is
pees per cwt.
The chemistry of this dyestuff has still to be studied, and this we -
do as soon as further supplies, already asked for, come to hand.
The dyeing properties of Delphinium, both on wool and cotton, are
very stile indeed to those of Sophora, from which it differs only by
Although quite a good dyestuff for native use, the comparatively low
colouring power of Delphinium Zalil flowers will prevent it from
NEM any m in ee
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
No. 104.] AUGUST. [1895.
CCCCLXVII.—VANILLAS OF COMMERCE. <
AN article on the cultivation and curing of Vanilla appeared, with a
plate, in the Kew Bulletin, 1888, pp. 76-80. Other articles have
pp. 206-208. The following historical and descriptive account of the
species yielding aromatic fruits, more or less used in commerce, has heen
prepared by Mr. R. A. Rolfe, A.L.S., Assistant ia the Kew Herbarium.
The principal species is Vanilla planifolia, Andr., a native of Sou
I
rn Mexico, now widely cultivated in many "tropical onl
ee et Schiede, yields the illoes loupe, while the
allied e, i cmt een Brazilian or Bahia Vanilla
y "
Both V. appendiculata, Rolfe, a d V. odorata, Presl., produce aromatic
fruits, but there is no evidence "that either is cultivated at the present
or economie purposes. . pheantha is under cultivation at
Jamaica and Trinidad as a vanilla plant. The fruit has, however, a
little perfume.
r. Rolfe has monographed the known species of the genus, 50 in
aeter; and the result will be communicated to the Linnean Society.
The descriptions of the species either known or likely to be of economic
value have been extracted for the present paper. They bear the
numbers attached to them in Mr. Rolfe’s systematic enumeration :—~-
From historical accounts we learn that vanilla was used by ‘the
Az Mexico as an i. ard in the manufacture of chocolate prior
to the discovery of America by the Spaniards, "os adopted its use, and
Morren states that it was brought to Europe as a perfume about the’
year 1510 at the same time as indigo, RE and cacao, and ten
years before the arrival of tobacco.
The earliest botanical notice of the vanilla is by Clusius, in his
Exoticorum Libri Decem, published in 1605. This author had received
fruits from Morgan, apothecary to Queen Elizabeth, in 1602, which he
described as “ Lobus oblongus sicat (p. 72), without being aware
of theif native country or use. He describes them as 6 to 8 inches long
by half an inch broad, and terete, fei which it is eie that they
belonged to the true Mexican Vanilla (V. planifolia)
In 1651 a figure was given by Hernandez in his Nova Plantarum
Mexicanorum Historia (p. h under the name of Araco ue
U 88472. 1875.—9/95 x
170
which shows both the characteristic growth and fruits of the plant, the-
flowers not being represented. e original of this figure was one of
a series of 1200 executed at great cost in "Mexico, by order of the King:
of Spain, during the previous century. Hernandez only mentions its.
use as a drug and gives its native name as “ Tlilxochitl.”
__ Piso in his Wantissa Aromatica, published in 1658, appears to have-
first put the name Vaynilla on reco: rd, and also its use as an ingredient
in the manufacture of chocolate (pp. 200, 201). He describes it as the-
fragrant siliqua or pod of the Araco aromatico of Hernandez, and that
it was called Vaynilla by the Spaniards, who added it to chocolate, not
only on account of its fragrance but because of its cpm virtues.
The name is the diminutive of the Spanish vaina, a pod or :
In 1675 cae figured the ie and seeds, the latter as seen preter the
1681, he observed: —“ There grow: én this coast peace: in great
quantity, with which Chocolate i is nel k M 38). At a place
called Cai Dampier cases —‘ We found a
a great quantity s Vinello’s drying i in
the su inello i isa a “Ths Oe Cod full of black seeds ; it is 4
“Yon the bigness of a Tol and
pe ic! RA Foaming it: so that our Pre. at first. have
often thrown them away when they took any, wondering why the
Saians shear DR up Tobacco. stems. This Cod grows on a small
. Vine, which climbs about and supports itself by the neighbouring
irees; it first bears a yellow Flower, from whence the Cod attorwardp
woceeds. It is first green, but when ripe it turns yellow; then the
Todas (whose manufacture it is, and who sell it cheap to D
jar rds) gather it, and By itin the sun, which makes it soft; then it
changes to a Chestnut co olour. .Then they frequently press it between
their T which makes it. flat If the Indians do anything to
them beside, I know not, but I have seen the ee sleek them
with. Oyl” (L; 234). .He further remarks that the Vines grow
plentifully at Boca-toro, where he had gathered and fried to cure them.
— but without success, and that he had never e with a Spaniard um
‘could tell him, which led him to think that the Indians had som
secret. “Could we have learnt the art of it, el of us would qu
gone to en toro yearly, at the dry season and cured them, and
freighted o vessel. . We there sois have had Turtle enough for
a aac’ of — i They are commonly so old for
8: pence a Cod am ong the Spaniards in the West Indies, and are sold
by the pisen Y ios iin are much used among Chocolate to perfume: —
i£. Some will use them among Tobacco , for it gives it a delicate ———
Scent. I never Ted of aiy Vinello's but here in this Country 4 gp
@aibooca and at Bocca-toro”’ (I., p. 235).
» The preceding accounts all clearly refer to the true Mexican - Vanilla
* V. : planifolia), but in 1796 both Plukenet and Sloane introduce con-
x records. : The former includes the above under his
& jw in arbori Jamaicensis innascens” — Asin
| 88L the true plant (t.320, fig. 4). - ,
While reta ne Clusiur ariginàl aria eising’ the above references,
ds diis as growing Peace its in the "woods of Jamaica about
"m cm cam gon ad
171
*
Jamaica, published in 1707, he further observes :—“It is said by
several that they grow in this island abont Aqua-alta, and that before
the felling of timber and clearing groun , they were common in the
shady bottoms of the inland parts of this ant oe ite 180), 80
that it was evidently duda on hearsay evidence, and probably the
e V. inodora (V. anaromatica, Griseb.) was mistaken for V.
planifoli
In 1708, Plumier briefly defined the genus ee and three ACD
from the West Indies (Nov. Pl. inen Gen., p. mely :—* V. flor
viridi et albo, fructu nigrescente ; V. flore albo, fruetu breviori,
corallino "; and * V. flore violaceo, fructu breviori, rubro." The first is
rubri.” This third species evidently does not belong to the genus.
This was the first record of the flowers, but curiously enough no
mention is made of the Mexican plant or its uses—merely the brief note
t Vanilla is the name by which the plants are known to the
Spaniards.
In 1705 Merian figured the fruiting branch of a Surinam species,
calling it the greatest sort of Banille (Metamorph. Insect. Surinam.,
t. 25). "This is evidently V. Pompona, uM in the text it is confounded
with other species, as in ee reco A second sort, however, is
said to gr ow in Surinam which m may have ‘been V. inedora.
observed, introduced to Gilgit
very early in the even asenith cent tory. The second volume of Miller’s
Gardeners’ Dictionary appeared in 1739. There the author remarked
that he had some pem of the plant, gathered by Mr. Robert Millar
at Campeachy, and sent between papers by way of sample, and as
the terms cien fresh, though gathered at least four months, he
planted them in small pots and plunged them in a hotbed of tanner’s
bark, where they soon put e leaves and roots. It is probable that
they were soon afterwards los
Shortly afterwards Cibi gave a good coloured figure of V. i
dora, including flowers and fru ruit, but p his remarks iiey
confounded it with the true economic plan
Thus three distinct species had iine confased together, and these
are all included by Linnzus, in his Bonet Plantarum, i in 1753, under
tbe name of Zpidendrum Vanilla (p. 952
In 1775 Aublet — an aceount of the Vanilla (Hist. Pl, Guian..
Franç. II., Mem. 4, pp. 77-85), remarking that in Cayenne there were
three kinds of vanilla, known as “Great Vanilla, Little V. anilla, and Lon
Vanilla. The first is V. Pompona and the last V. ‘aap but the Little
anila is somewhat. doubtful. He describes the pods as about 3
inches long by 1} thick. . V. pheantha has not pei stout a
and.is not known from Guiana, otherwise it best agrees with the
description, _ Although instructions for cultivating “the plant and
preparing the fruit are given, it is evident that Aublet knew very little
of the different species, as he says that the fruits of all the three kinds
are susceptible to the same treatment, acquire the same odour, more or
less sweet, and may be prt to the same use.
A 2
In 1799 Swartz re-established aa base esa Leg AEn
two species, V. aromatica au lata (Ni Soc. Se.
Upsal., VI., p. 66). The former was beet on Épidesrum Vanilla,
L., and on Plumier’s figure, which latter represents V. inodora, whose
its are not aromatic, so that the name was evidently taken from the
vanilla of commerce. V. claviculata is a leafless West Indian species. -
In 1807, Salisbury figured and described a species of Vanilla under
Plumicr, figured i in dni ailde unpublished drawings, and to be certainly |
different from the vanilla of commerce (then supposed to be produced
by V. aromatica). ‘The species was said to be in several collections, but
only to have flowered in that of the Right Hon. Charles Greville.
The following year Andrews fignred and described this came plant,
from the Right Hon. C. Greville’s collection at Paddington, under the:
name of Vanilla planifolia (Botanists Repository, VIIL, t. rae He
cites the same synonym of Plumier as did Salisbury, yet most un-
accountably states that the latter had confounded it with V. aromatica,
wartz, the fact being just the reverse, as has been shown above.
plant is is to have been introduced by the Marquis of Blandford.
ors, however, mm in identifying the plant with Plumier's,
which is = the short podded V. pheantha, Rchb. f. Although neither
r Andrews thia the fruit, the lowers leave no doubt as
Indies is doubtful, but the interesting point is that these are the first
ie nba: of the flowers of the Vanilla of commeret, though the
act was not known until afterwards.
In 1811 Humboldt published an account of the Vanilla (Voyage de
Humboldt et Uie gei is 3. vol. II., p. 437), in which he remarked
that he ha pods of vanilla, of extraordinary size and very
e in iirious "atti of Venezuela, in the province of Jaen on the
Upper Amazon in Peru, and in various parts of Guiana, but these
probably belonged to V. Fompona and in some part to some allied and
imperfectly known species. As regards the vanilla of commerce he
= some precise information, stating that the whole of it was obtained
from the districts of Vera Cru and Oaxaca a, in Mexico. Here the
bon abounded between the 19th and Ea parue of latitude, and the
ead begun to propagate the plant, so as to have a larger quantity in
a limited space. The wild vanilla or “ Baynilla cimarona" gave a
very dry fruit, and in small quan tity, and was never planted. The
natives of Misantla collected in the forests of Quilate the fruits of a
rei called ** Baynilla de acguales," which was diflicult to dry because
large size and more watery nature. The plant flowered in
Debri and March, and the cutting commenced in March and April,
and continued until June, This may have been the Vanilla Pompona,
apparently produced by Vanilla planifolia, the other by V. Pompona.
In 1825 Blume described Vanilla viridiflora ( Bijdr., p. 422) from a
tracing this hack to the source whence Salisbury’s and also Andrews’s
an peat derived una Nat. Hist., ser. 1, III., p. 4). It appears that
173
M. peur of Enghien obtained plants from the collection of the
Right Hon. C. Greville in 1812, which were yd i the care of
Dr. came the Director of the Botanic Garden at Ant . The
grew r a
Franee, but they very rarely flowered; once or twice in Flanders at
the seat of Madame la Vicomtesse Vilain XIV., and at Liege; but fruit
was never obtained." In 1819 Dr. Sommé sent two plants to M. Marchal
for the Dutch colonies of Java, one of which the latter, by unremitting
attention on the voyage, succeeded in saving, and gave to the Botanic
being without doubt the one which Blume
h :
829 Dr. Schiede published four species of Vanilla. which he met with
in his travels in Mexico in ni under the names of V. sativa, V. sylvestris,
. Pompona, and V. inodora ( Linnea, IV., pp. 573-574). V. sativa
he stated to m the “ Baynilla mansa ” of the Mexicans, and to have
esuleate fruit. It grew spontaneously in the districts of Papantla,
Misantla, eem and Colipa, and was also sometimes cultivated.
V. sylvestris was called * Baynilla eimarona," and had bisulcate fruit,
It grew at Papantla, Nautla, and Colipa. V. Pompona was called
* Baynilla Pompona,” and had ver large bisuleate fruit. It grew at
not seen flowers of any of them. V. sativa and ros ha thou
had probably hitherto been See a the name of V. planifolia,
but as their difference in commerce was of importance he ed iven
separate names, “ although,” ps remarks, **the transitions have not
escaped 1 V. sativa was ev ery where esteemed as the best, and was
alone da Bi of ia e. Only at Papantla was V. sylvestris
gathered beside it. A kind called * Baynilla mestiza” was nothing but
a kind intermediate between the two, even in vm as well as quality.
| ,an
but did mut adus of being dried in a sufficient degree to admit of its
being sent to Europe, always keeping doughy, for which reason it was
not an article of trade. V. inodora was perfectly useless, on [oen of
the entire want of ethereal oil. A kind known as “ Vanilla mono”
mixed V. sativa with it; also that they geere them before they were
perfectly ripe. The vanilla harvest comme in December and
continued on into March, being g almost the Un employment of the
Indians, who went out daily i into the woods where the v wild,
or where they had iue. taking their daily gatherings to the
purchasers, who separated them according to their different Finals and
ualities
os Between 1830 and 1838 Bauer and Lindley’s Z/lustrations C DRE
daceous Plants appeared, and we find plates 10 and 11 of the Genera
devoted to tlie strueture of flowers and fruit of Vanilla planifolia, deni
* drawn by Mr. Bauer in 1807." This is the first evidence of the pro-
duction of fruit in Europe, and as the drawing was made in té same
year as Salisbury's figure viv. it is praetically certain that it was
made from the very same t. How the flo wer became fertilised js
the uniformly plump texture, and the fact that it is attached to the rachis,
all show the contrary; quite apart from the fact that the vanilla o
.
174
commerce was then thought to be produced by another species, P.
aromatica, which even Morren states that he sought for in vain in the
gardens of London and its environs, and at Kew, and wrongly supposes
it to be the plant cultivated by Miller in 1739. Morren is also wrong in
‘stating that the ** Vanilla planifolia (?) ” of Lindley's Herbarium is *the
very same plant drawn in flower by Mr. Francis Bauer," for it came
from a Botanic Garden near Moscow, as the ticket * ex horto Gor
kensi " proves.
To Professor Charles vage. of Liége, belongs the eredit of first
producing fruits in E and os —— that V. planifolia was the
source of the true vanilla of commerce. By a particular method of
treatment adopted he suc coded 1 in a obiti 54 flowers on one plant,
and these he fertilised artificially, and obtained the same number of
ds. The following year a crop of about 100 pods was obtained from
another plant by the same method. His paper, “ On the production of
in Europe," was read before the British Association at New-
ensidé, 1 in 1838, + published in the following year (Ann. Nat. Hist.,
ser. 1, IIL, pp. 1-9). He also succeeded in tracing his plant back to
the one which originally flowered in the collection of the Right Hon.
and also its introduction to Java, as has been already pointed out.
. Thus Manis first proved the necessity of artificial erus and he
abse
attributed its not bearing fruit in the East Indies to the of the
‘species of insect which doubtless existed in Mexi "ease and ine: fertilised
the flowers. He also suggested that illa might be produced in inter-
N P ake
mention of it. In 1845 Blanco described a species of Vanilla from the
ie epit which he had received from his friend Azaola under the
e of V. majaijensis (Fl. Filip., ed. 2, p. 593), but it has since been
dMiuncd to V. planifolia, and thus, if the determination is correct, it
may have been at some time introduced from Mexico by the Spaniards,
Blanco rearen S pod as not aromatic, but it may not have been
a when he received it
1872 M. Deltiel published an account of the cultivation of vanilla
in Réunion: me showed oe although several different species had been
introduced, only one cuitiv: ated on vo dene of its fruit was V.
erce, In 1
an object
A year later, a mersa was introduced from the Philippines by M.
'"Perrotet, with a more slender and more aromatic fruit, but is said to
have soon afterwards perished. "Two years later M. Marchant obtained
plants from Paris, and to this third introduction the present industry in
Réunion owes its origin. Judging by the history of the vanilla grown
on the arie se this period it is pretty certain that the plants
‘thus in m France were originally derived from the one =
:eollection of the "Right Hon, C. Greville, whose history
. given The Philippine plant alluded to may have been the one
€ by Blanco, which has since been referred to V. planifolia.
1 Y l LJ .
in
"until a slave named Edward Albius, about 1841 or 1842, discovered a
sais ‘simple and rapid method of fertilising the flowers artificially, which has
practised that in Mexico and Guiana
ince, He
fertilisation is effected by small bees, belonging to several species of
ie genus TAN which visit the flowers for the inary they afford.
175
Mr, Morris states that the Vanilla planifolia is a native of British
Honduras, and fine masses of it are found in the forest, hanging down
from the trees, which, when the fruit is ripe, diff a fra pe
ceptible at a considerable MT The insect which fertilises the
flowers is also present, as is ux d by the number of bunches on the
wild plants, which at present ( 1883) are still to rot on the vines and
run to waste, though, if gathered and properly cured, a considerable
trade might be made in them. (British Honduras, p. 81 -)
. Vanilla v temere nd ea Bot. Rep., VIII, (1808), t. 538.—A
tulle clitibis, nem very long somewhat flexuose succulent green stems,
and slender flexuose or twining white aerial roots opposite to the leaves.
eaves ponse oblong, acute or shortly acuminate, succulent, bright
green, 4-9 in. long, 14-21 in n. broad. Racemes s 2-3 in. long,
succulent. Brace: ig ey spirally arranged, oblong r
upwards, Pedicels 14-2 in. long, green. Sepals an ‘a rer inear-
oblong, subobtuse, 2 in. long, light glaucous green. Lip trumpet-
shaped, a little shorter than the sepals and petals and of the same colour,
united to the sides of the column to near its apex, and then convolute
round it, apex three-lobed, mid lobe longer and retuse, margin revolute
and denticulate, nerves carinate, and those in front densely crenulate-
oa ee buff yellow ; disc with a tuft of retrorse hairs about the
middle. umn clavate, 14-1} in. long, hairy on the face. Capsule
elongate- ding; obscurely trigonous, 6-9 in. long, 6-7 lin. broad.—
- Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2, V. , p. 220; Lodd. Bot. Cab., VIIL,
t. 733; Bauer Ill. Orch., Gen., t. 10, 11; Blume Vm an f. p. 197,
t. 68, ig. 2; Lindl. Gen. $ Sp. Orch., p. 4385; C. Morr. in Ann. Nat. ——
Hist., ser. 1, HI., p. 1 ; De Friese in Belg. Hort., VE 315, 365 ; o
Bentl. & Trim. Medic. PL, IV., t. 272 (excl. syn.) ; Flick. <
-*harmacogr., p. 595; Gard. Chron., 1867, p. 997 ; cep T ps8;
Bot. Mg. 6 t "nte; ; Cogn. in Mart, Fl. Bras., IIL, pt. 4
abitat.—So DEI rn Mexico, in the Vera Cruz district, num
Schiede ! pene n (Schott., n. 215!) ; in British Honduras,
Guatemala Deme n. 436 61); and Costa Rica. Cultivated in the
Mascarene Islands, Java, the West Indies, and other parts of t
tropi
botiadéon ^ Vanilla, L. Sp. Pr, ed. 1., ^ 952 (partim).
Vanilla mexicana, Mill. Gard. Dict., ed. 8 (1761), n. 1 (partim).
Vanilla aromatica, Sw. in Nov Act. ipsal., VI. (1799) et in
ir ini m Journ., II., p. 208 (partim) ; Lindl, Gen. & Sp. Orch., p.
434 (partim).
"Vanilla Epidendrum, Mirb. Hist. PL, ed. 2, IX., p. 249 (partim). -
Myobroma fragrans, Salish. Parad. Lon d., t. 82.
Vanilla viridiflora, Blume Bi jdr. »p.4
Vanilla sativa, Schiede in Linnea, iV, p. 573; VL, p. 59; Lindl,
Gen. & Sp. Orch., p. 437.
^ "Vanilla sylvestris, Schiede in Linnea, VL, p. 573; VI, p. 59;
Lindl. Gen. § Sp. Orch., p. 437.
Vanilla majaijensis, Blanco Fl, Fi ilip., ed. 2, p. 593.
"This species produces the true Mexican vanilla of. commerce, which
has been known ever since the discovery.of America by the Spaniards,
and which was described by Clusius as long ago as 1605 under the name
of Lobus oblongus aromaticus. Its early history is much confused, as for
a long period three or four species were confounded together, and even
when the present one was described it was not known as the source of
176
the vanilla of commerce, which was then and for long afterwards
ves to be V. aromatica, Sw. (i.e, V. inodora, Schiede). It
as introduced to cultivation about the year 1739, but was probably soon
Brands lost. ‘The Marquis of Blandford re- introduced it about the
beginning of the present century, and it flowered in the collection of the
Right -— Charles Greviile at Phddiuglon in ı 1807, whence it can be
i;
planifolia, Andr. V. sativa and V. sylvestris of Schiede are chiefly
known from the original descriptions, but are evidently forms of the
same species, differing only a little in the length of the fruit, the former
being a cultivated race, and the latter the wild original, V. ma idee
Blanco, is also known only from description, and as the fruit is said t
not aromatic, a doubt remains as to its identity. Succeeding aliens
Blanco’s fruits were unripe this view may be correct, in which case it
seems probable that the species was introduced to the Philippines from
Mexico by the Spaniards. Naves (Blanco FI. Filip, ed. 3, Nov. App.,
-P hed enumerates it as growing in the provinces of San Mateo, where
seen we and fruit, and a confirmation of the identification
seems des
26. Vanilla pheantha, Rchb. f. in ve XLVIII. (1865), p. 274.—
General habit of the preceding. Bracts fewer and larger, amend
elliptical-oblong, subobtuse, 3- 7 lin. loud. 2-4 lin. broad.
larger, pedicels g green ; ; sepals and petals 24-2 in. long, ree ESNE
Lip greenish- yellow, whitish in the throat, apex obscurely three-lobed
and nearly truncate, nerves not carinate in front, disce with a pair of
airy lines extending from the central tuft of hairs towards So base.
Capsule fiuiescobtong, obscurely compressed, 3 in. long, 4 in. broad.
Vanilla planifolia, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind., p. 638 in Sm non
7.
Vanilla planifolia, 8. macrantha, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub., p. 267.
Habitat.—W est Indies, Cuba, Wright, n. 3351 (in part) ! St. Vincent,
Guilding / in virgin forest between Mt. St. A ndrews and the Grand
Bonhomme at 2000 feet alt., Smith ! Trinidad, Har
This is an indigenous West Indian species, nent has been confused
with Vanilla planifolia, Andr., though it is easily distinguished by
its much larger flowers, lip without verrucose di isc, and its much
shorter fruit. Mr. Hart states that it is sai okt in Trinidad, and
that the fruit has little perfume, and Mess . Smith remark that in
St. Vincent they only observed it in a limited 6 space but in virgin
forest cultivated in the Bo tanic Gardens of Jamaica and
am Briti: ish iis. | is E ealbciaded with the ratai V. barb perra,
. f, a fruiting specimen of each being attached to the same
E Men uem a single ticket,
— 27. Vanilla P Pompona, Schiede in "usd IV. (1829), p. 573.—
[t — General habit of V. Ace tam but leaves larger, 6-11 in. long, 1
cd sey Bracts y elliptical- -oblong; 5-7 lin. long, 8—4
somes larger = rather more fleshy ; pedicels yellow-
177
green; sepals and petals 3-3} in. long, greenish-yellow. Lip batt
T end nerves somewhat thickened, central tuft consisting of descending
mbricating scales rather than hairs. Capsule linear. oblong , strongly
indl, Gen. and
pio oróué 6-7 1-12 in. broad.— Lin ch.,
37; Kl AUI in Bot, Zeit., IV., p. 566; Desv. in p Se. Nat.,
sér. 3, VI., p. 120; Cogn. in Mart., FI. Bras., llÍ., pt. 4, p. 147.
Vanilla vaio Lindl. yy and Sp. Orch. (1840), p . 435.
Vanilla guianensis, Splitg. in Ann. Sc. Nat., sér. 2, XV. (1841), p p.
279 (partim); De Vriese in Tuinb. FI., IL, pp. 78, 81, t. 6 (partim) ;
Cogn. in Mart. Fl. Bras., III., pt. 4, p. 151 (parti im).
vanie lutescens, Mog. ex Dupuis in Rev. Hort., sér. 4, V. ( 1856),
p. 121, fig. 24; id. in Bull. Soc. Bot. de Fr., III., p. 354; Duchartre -
in Mx. ‘Soc. Imp. d'Hort,, V., P. 97, 1.11; £4. des Serres, XE; t
2218
Vanilla surinamensis, Rchb. f. in Nederl. Kruidk. Arch., IV. (1859),
p. 321 — m).
Habitat.—S.E. Mexico, lt and Colipa, Schiede! Valley of
Cordova, Bourgeaus n. 2332! Ni T Segovia, @rsted/ Panama,
Seemann, n. 9! Colüibis, Low matte ains of Santa Martha,
Purdie! Tolima, oe La Plata, 800-1500 m. alt.: Lehmann, n. 2263 !
Venezuela, at La Guayra; Trinidad; Bradford, ans rig mimis
British Guiana, Corentyne River, Im Mer
Cayenne, Aublet,—Cultivated in area fits SA izo and teet
other localities
usually sold under the name of West Indian Vanillons. It isthe Tnt
Vanille" of Aublet, the * Baynilla de acguales " of Humboldt, and the
* Baynilla Pompona " of Schiede. The pods are much thicker and more
fleshy than those of V. planifolia, and more difficult
also fetch a much lower price in the market, but the fresh fruits are
largely used in the same way as those of V. planifolia.
28. Vanilla Gardneri, Rolfe; caulibus age foliis subses-
silibus oblongis obtusis crassiusculis, racemis crassiusculis brevibus,
braeteis ovatis obtusis rigidis patentibus, sepalis jételisque lineari-
lanceolatis subobtusis, labello oblongo subintegro obtuso submembranaceo
nervo vix ds ato, disco subpubescente cristato, columna clavata,
capsula ign
Vanilla pmol Gardn. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot., I., p. 542,
non Andr.; Travels in Brazil, ed. 2, p. 225.
Habitat.--Brazil, in dry rocky bushy places, common, as onthe Morra
do Faota, near Rio, Gardner, n. 245! in moist places in the district
of Parnagua, prov. Piauhy, Gardner, n. 2733! Natividade,
Goyaz, Gardner, n. 3449! Sig somit at Iguarassa; Ridley, Lea
and Ramage ! / Burchell n. 894 from near Rio, and n. 9829 from San
species allied to Vanilla Pom hiede, but with leaves
about half the size, longer racemes with smaller not reflex
and rather smaller more membranaceous flo ardner confounded
dn
it with V. planifolia, Andr., and remarked, “ This is the plant which
da 8
yields the Vanilla Medi of me Brazilians) in Brazil,” (Hook. Lond.
u Bot., I., p. 542) though unfortunately his specimens are
without fruit. There are pods in the Kew Museum labelled “ Brazilian
or Bahia Vanilla,” which are 54 inches long by fully 1 Py broad, fleshy,
and distinctly triquetrous, and “thu us approaching those . Pompona,
rank odour. These are probably r hri by the present
vc; “South American Vanilla” (Kew Bulletin, 1992, p. a
y also have the same origin. They are described as from 64 to 7}
o have been
penance in 1891, and it is suggested that it is most likely used as an
adulterant of the Mexican cut beans. Flower ring and fruit specimens
-of the commercial plant are required to settle these doubtful points.
33. Vanilla appendiculata, Rolfe; caulibus crassiusculis, foliis
breviter petiolatis oblongis v. elliptico-oblongis breviter et abrupte
acuminatis subobtusis, racemis crassiusculis brevibus, bracteis oblongis
obtusis, sepalis petalisque lanceolato-linearibus acutis labello oblongo
subtrilobo, lobis lateralibus obtusis, intermedio anguste oblongo recurvo
nervis appendieib us ce inea: ribus ornatis, disco medio pepon dicat
foliaceis cúndato- obovatis = rae capsula ug elon
2 poll. longum. Columna 1l poll longa. Capsule m poll. longae, -
Remarkable for its narrow sepals and petals, and long narrow lip which
terminates in a narrow recurved apex covered with linear foliaceous
appendages. The specimens were gathered in 1879, and both the fruits
kave opened, yet they retain a distinct aromatic perfume, though whether
e species has any economic value is uncertain.
37. Vanilla odorata Presl Rel. ie (ARD), p. 101. Leaves
shortly petiolate, linear-lanceolate, acute, 5 . long., 6-8 lin. broad.
Raceme short. Capsule sessile, Sanr jill “attenuate at apex an
base, 6-7 in. long, aromatie.— Klotzsch in Bot. Zeit., IV., p. 563.
Habitat.— Ecuador ; Guayaquil, Haenke.
Only known from deser iption, Presl remarks that although the
fruits had been collected 36 years they still retained their aromatic
fragrance.
CCCCLXVIII.—DISEASE OF PEPPER PLANTS IN
MYSORE
(Piper nigrum, L.)
The black pepper of commerce is the small pea-like fruit of a climbing
plant, native of the East Indies, and cultivated in Southern India, the
. Malay peninsula, and the Eastern Archipelago. The skin or rind of
‘the fruit is first red, and then dries of a black colour, White pepper is
. the ripe deprived of its rind by maceration. There is no other
between them. About 30 million pounds of pepper are
`
179
‘simple and effective means here suggested for the treatment of the
disease will enable the pepper planters in Mysore to combat an enemy
Mr. J. S. MIDDLETON To ROYAL GARDENS, Kew.
24, Augusta Road, Ramsgate,
DEAR SIR, 27th July 1895. -
AM very much intevested in pepper-growing in Mysore,
Southern India, but unfortunately a blight attacks the vines, very often
as they are coming into bearing. It is not the pepper alone that is
attacked, but even the saplings or undergrowth of the forest trees. which
spring up very rapidly, suffer also. All over the plantation, at various
points, this disease attacks these young saplings in patches of from 5 to
10 or 15 yards square, and I may say kills them off outright. This
has led me to think it must- be of a fungoid nature, though I cannot
pretend to any scientific knowledge on the subject.
As regards the pepper vines, most are attacked at the roots, though
some are attacked a few feet from the ground, and very soon afterwards
the vine dries up, having infected most of the other vines in the neigh-
bourhood. I have tried coal tar mixed with water, and paraffin oil also
mixed with water, all to no purpose, but I have found great benefit from
the application of fires, lighted in large numbers throughout the tec
parts, though a great number of the young vines get seorched and die
s.
I have taken the liberty of sending a few specimens of diseased plants,
and will be glad to come to you personally to give all the information I
can, if you will kindly undertake to investigate the subject.
elieve me, &c.
(Signed) J. S. MIDDLETON.
DISEASED PEPPER PLANTS FROM MYSORE.
The disease is caused by an undescribed. fungus closely allied to the
one called Dematophora necatrix, whic s such dam in
one when the disease sp c ^
which travels in the soil, spreading from plant to plant, and destroying
the roots.
When such centres of disease are noted, they should be at once
isolated by digging a narrow trench about 10 inches deep round the
diseased patch, thus preventing the outward spread of the mycelium,
hich cannot pass the trench.
i5 As there is : cure for plants when the roots are attacked, it would
be best to remove and burn all plants wit in the infected area, other-
wise the diseased plants will form a centre of infection by another
method. EP
180
(2.) If the stem of a plant that has been diseased at the roo; for some
time is examined, very minute black lumps just visible to the naked eye
e seen scattered over the surface, and, in addition, small black,
produces myriads of conidia or very minute reproductive bodies which
are dispersed by wind and inoculate other plants. By this method
disease ELT diffusion of the c
As conidia are dispersed ped by very low, earth currents of air,
sereens of branches might with renee be erected between the
plantation and the infected forest regio
The benefit derived from the fires ua which allusion is made is ex-
Sidi by the fact that each fire forms a v c: through which a certain
volume of spore-laden air passes, and is pur
When the root form of the disease has Rei itself, it is useless to
plant again on the same spot before the soil has been thoroughly
sterilized ; lime, if available will effect this; wood ashes is also good for
“s pp
: y, great care should be taken in the selection of perfectly healthy
iR. aus -frée) portions of the plant for purposes of propagation.
. -
No portion of any plant showing kA disease at any E should be used,
for although portions of such plants may present no external indica-
tions of disease, yet, in all beobability, the fisted of every portion
contain mycelium which at a later stage will grow out and show the
disease. In many parallel cases, where root dad" is the trouble, the
bee is in reality fostered by the antag of diseased cuttings.
M:
CCCCLXIX.—DECADES KEW ENSES.
PLANTARUM Novarum IN HERBARIO Homri REGII CONSERVATAKUM.
DECADES XX. & XXI.
With a few exceptions, the plants of the two folowing y apes are
from the collection made by Mr. J. Theodor
e Bent on his
journey in Arabia Felix. Some particulars of the usato will be
found at p. 158.
191. Ionidium durum, Baker [ Violacezx] ; sonroseoaee ramulis
. lignosis albidis junioribus pubescentibus, foliis ad nodos iculatis
A integris vel obscure erenatis basi cu ins sessilibus vel sub-
ibus firmulis margine recurvatis utrinque viridibus obscure
pubescentibus stipulis deltoideis albidis blandis persistentibus, floribus
: solitariis breviter pedicellatis, ps ovatis viridibus albo-
= marginatis petalis albis calyce 4-6 plo longior
z ee —South-east Arabia: Dhofar Mountains at 2000 T J. T.
181-
Folia 2-3 lin. longa. Sepala } lin. longa. Petala 24-3 lin. longa.
192. Pol dhofarica, Baker | Polygalacez]; herbacea, perennis,
glabra, caulibus brevibus ramosis, foliis lineari-oblongis obtusis sub-
bescente, pedicelli
sepalis exterioribus parvis Snel d tuterióribus magnis orbi
brevioribus, fruetu obovato emarginato distincte alato sepalis interioribus
sequilongo.
Habitat.—South-east Arabia: Dhofar Mountains at 300 ft, J T.
186.
Folia 4 lin. longa. Sepala interiora cam fructu 21 lin. longa.
Near P. hohenackeriana, F. & M
193. Fago nummularifolia, Baker [Zygophyllese] ; fruticosa, .
ramosissima; caulibus lignosis viscoso- pubesce ntibus, foliis PN.
orbieularibus crassis coriaceis planis utrinque viridibus viscoso-
centibus, floribus paucis solitariis axillaribus brevissime pedicellatis;
sepalis oblongis viridibus viseoso-pubescentibus obscure cuspidatis,
petalis obovatis rubellis calyce duplo Fir oy fructu late ovoideo
carpellis pubescentibus dorso acute carinatis
Habitat.—South-east Arabia: coast at Merbat, foot of Dhofar
mountains, J. T. Bent, 68.
Folia inferiora 6 lin. longa d lata. Sepala 1} lin. longa. — Petala
3 lin. longa. Fructus 2 lin. dia
194. Cassia (Senna) e Baker [Leguminose] ; ruticosa,
ramulis _ dense ee. tibus, stipulis o ovatis parvis, foliis “peut
iti
orbicularibus vel obovatis parvis luteis venis brunneis, legumin e breviter
pedicellato oblongo subrecto plano pubescente.
Habitat.—South-east Arabia: coast at Merbat, foot of Dhofar
mountains, J. T. Bent, 69
Folia 4-5 poll. longa ; foliola m eu bc Petala, 3 lin, longa.
Fructus 12-18 lin. longus, 8-9 lin lat
Near C. holosericea, Fresen., ea: stich it differs by its shorter
nearly eight pod.
minusve intense purpura colorato, foliis amplissimis longissime la
digitatim multifoliolatis, "foliolis 10-15 distincte petiolulatis coriaceis
angustissime elongato-lanceolatis vel sublinearibus (in plantis junioribus
feliolis paucioribus angustioribus minus distincte petiolalatis) integris
undulatis apice obtusis "basi cuneatis supra subnitidis subtus pallidioribus,
costa utrinque elevata, ve enis primariis lateralibus numerosis, petiolo amies
basi apiceque inerassato patente vel deflexo deinde apice cei inflore
centia terminali amplissima _atropurpurea ramis primariis laine
elongatis radiatim dispositis apice bis vel ter umbellatim ramosis, umbellis
182
ovari uctu ignoto api e
Hort. Lind., André in n Ill. Hort. xxvi. p. ae t. 337.
Habitat.—New — i and introduced into Europe
by Mr. Pancher for Mr. J. L
"Caulis prope apicem circiter 1 poll diametro. Folia 1-14 ped.
diametro; petioli circiter pedales, medio 3—4 lin. diametro, basi 1 poll..
diametro. Foliola 6-12 poll. longa, maxima 8-10 lin. lata; petioluli
4-12 lin. longi. Jnflorescentie rami primarii umbellas c ompositas
gerentes 6-8 poll longi. Umbelle composite 5-7 poll diametro.
Pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi.
196. Pluchea mollis, Baker [Composite] ; fruticosa, ramulis dense
albo-pilosis, foliis parvis ses ssilibus obovato-oblongis obtusis integris
ubes-
centibus, capitulis multifloris i; in n. corymbis densis terminalibus dispositis,
culis brevissimis dense pani pubescentibus, involucro campanu-
paueiseriatis s pubescentibus exterioribus ovatis
intimis inesriben; corollis eylin dricis purpureis, achzeniis minutis glabris
cylindricis, pappo setoso albido flexili corolla zequilongo.
— —South-east Arabia: Hafa, Dhofar, J. T. Bent, 9.
Folia 6-12 lin. A 4-6 lin. lata. — Znvolucrum 2 lin. longum.
Pa Dpp 2 lin. longus
197. Pluchea laxa, Baker [Composite]; fruticosa, ramulis obscure
etes foliis sessilibus obovato-cuneatis obscure viridibus utrinque
anter obscure tates inferioribus parce conspicue dentatis
capitulis multifloris in corymbis multifloris
dispositis, pomis culis ascendentibus elongatis, involucri campanulati
bracteis multiseriatis adpressis imbricatis intimis linearibus exterioribus
lanceolatis, corollis cylindricis eee a achzeniis minutis glabris, pue
albido setoso flexili corolla zequilo
Habitat. —South-east Arabia : ink at Merbat, foot of the Dhofar
mountains, J. T. Bent, 7.
“Folia ramorum 12-18 lin. longa. Jnvolucrum 3 lin. longum. Pappus
2 lin. longus
198, Card llus} lloides, Baker [Compositæ] ; suffruticosus,
ramulis dense persistenter albo-incanis, foliis sessilibus oblongo-lanceo-
latis irregulariter spinoso-serratis utrinque albo-araneosis spinis stra-
cae :tuli oes As
involucri apris ign s bracteis exterioribus adpressis spinoso-pinnatis
infra spinam terminalem truncatis, corollis purpureis,
araneosis, inti
pP SN elongatis plumosis flore æquilongis.
^ Habitat.—South-east Arabia: Dhofar mountains, at 2600 feet,
J. T. Bent, 192.
5 Folia 12-18 lin. longa. Capitula 9-12 lin. diam. Corolla 6 lin.
ere ea
u E ) dhofarica, Baker (Composite) ; suffruti- -
u ct d foliis open (Compote, E basi crenatis
183
utrinque viridibus pubescentibus, inferioribus pinpatifidis lobis oblongis
superioribus caulinis integris, capit oe m E RENE involucri
campanulati bracteis rigidulis stra s basi ovatis adpressis spina
terminali patula pungente basi aiai sii rien 1-2j parvis appendiculata,.
ribus luteis, achzniis nitidis pallide stramineis, pappi setis permultis '
brunneis achrenio sequilongis
Habitat.—South-east decas Hafa, Dhofar, J. T. Bent, 35.
Folia inferiora 2 poll. longa. Spine involucrales 9 lin. longæ.
Achenia 1} lin. longa.
00. Rhododendron formosanum, Hems/. [Ericaceæ]; ramulis flo-
viferis cito "Elabrescentibus crassis cinereis, foliis confertis distincte-
suberectis anguste oblanceolatis elongatis obtusissimis deor lon
attenuatis margine incrassato supra subnitidis minute reticulatis costa
angustissi impress btus cinereis evata, petiolo subterete
u
10 inclusis, filamentis infra medium incrassatis hirsutis, ovario
5-loculari, stylo glabro crasso stamina superante, capsula i olei
Habitat. —VFormosa: South ins A. rint 1976.
Folia 3-6 poll. longa, maxim lata, petioli 6-12 lin. longi.
ores circiter 11 poll. longi et "inisio. edicelli 1-14 poll. longi.
Stylus circiter 14 poll. longus.
"201. Glossonema edule, V. E. Brown [Asclepiadee]; herba ramosa
steno: ubescens, ramis alternis fureatis, foliis petiolatis rotundatis
rotundato-ovatis vel elliptieis obtusis apiculatis basi obtusissimis vel late
cuneatis marginibus leviter crenulato-crispatis, umbellis ad nodos late-
i ili oris is li ru
a
ovato-oblongis obtusis leviter concavis dorso valde carinatis cari-
is validis obtusis ubescentibus ceteris glabris, corona a
inum infra medium coro
enata brevi, antheris appendiculis reniformibus obtusissimis erectis styli
c rasso clavato multo brevioribus, follieulis junioribus ellipsoideis
obtusis echinatis albo-tomentosis.
Habitat Bonitas Arabia: at the foot of Dhofar mountains, J. T.
Bent, 175.
Planta 6 poll. alta. Foliorum petioli ven lin. longi, luminæ 5-10
— longs, 4-10 lin. late. Bractee 1-1} lin. longe. Pedicelli 1 lin.
i .erassi. Sepala 14-14 lin. longa, 4 lin, lata: Corolla 2 lin.
Mags lobis 14 lin. longis, 2lin. latis. Corona 1} lin. longa, lobis $ lin.
longis p esi ue.
Allied to G. varians, Benth., but the flowers are Tei the er
lobes "ave not revolute margins, and the cau of the
masses are very much longer than in G. dicum. Accor Hag "
Se
[x
184
a note on Mr. Bent’s label, the flowers are green, and the plant is
“eaten as salad.” Probably the plant is a perennial with a tuberous
ts
Li
202. Trichodesma africanum, Baker [ Boraginezm]; pereune, humile,
caulibus setis ascendentibus dense hispidis, om yes oblongis obtusis
floriferis cordato-ovatis cuspidatis foliaceis hispidis lobis basalibus rotun-
datis, eorolle limbo patulo lobis latis deltoideis haud cuspidatis, an-
ET dense pee apicibus sterilibus productis leviter
poea —South-east Arabia : Dhofar mountains, J. T. Bent.
Folia 6-9 lin. Doe Sepala florifera 6 lin. longa. Corolle limbus
expansus 6 lin. dia
Near T. E R. Br.
203. Ipomea (Strophipomea) punctata, Baker [Convolvulaces] ;
suffruticosa," late sarmentosa, caulibus pubescentibus, foliis longe
petiolatis cordato-ovatis integris ees Aimi rd facie viridibus sub-
vis dorso obscure is nigro-punctatis, tid mea axillari-
bus breviter pedunculatis, sepalis irVienlertbus ciliatis valde imbricatis,
corollæ tubo late infundibulari calyce 6-8- ib tatit; stylo Groll
duplo breviore, staminibus brevibus. i
Habitat.—South-east Arabia: Derbat, Dhofar mountains, J. T. Bent,
229. :
Folia inferiora 6-7 poll. jog iue 4-5 pollicares. Sepala semi-
pollicaria. Corolla 34 poll. lon
A very showy plant, allied to T Lindleyi, Choisy.
204. Hyoscyamus flaccidus, Wright [Solanaceæ] ; herbaceus, imm
caule brevi, foliis longe petiolatis rotundatis irregulariter &ngulato-
dentatis basi cordatis marginibus petiolisque villosis, racemo pau oro
villoso lobis 5 triangulatis, corolla alba infundibulari obliquiter 5-lobata,
staminibus 5 prope basin corolle tubi affixis, antheris dorsifixis, ovario
globoso biloculari, ovulis MEA stylo exserto, stigmate bilobo, capsula
circumscissa ealyce aucto cin
Habitat. —South- v Arabia: Dhofar mountains, Wadi Gergio,
1500 ft. J. T. Ben
Folia 2 poll. diam:; ect 14-21 poll. longus. Racemus 3-6 poll.
longus. Calyx 4 lin. longus. Corolle tubus- 5 lin. a lobus
maximus 2 lin, longus.
This approaches H. leptocalizx, Stapf. ined., but differs in the shape
of the leaves, more numerous flowers, and longer calyx tu
205. S ros comosum, Baker Met suffruticosum, ramis
sursum a cre-
natis basi attenuatis utrinqu iridibus ob pubescentibus nigro-punc-
. tatis, li inalibus laxis, bifloris, bracteis
supremis erectis angustis coloratis persistentibus, pedicellis brevissimis
albo-hirsutis, calyeis tubo phe e pubescente dente supremo orbi-
culari haud decurrente dentib —— A — tubo ur
185
lato dentibus tribus parvis ovatis, staminibus longe exsertis, stylo apice
furcato staminibus longiore.
Habitat.—South-east Arabia: Dhofar mountains at 2600 ft., J. T.
Bent, 152.
Folia 1-1} poll. longa. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolla 7-8 lin.
longa. Sui 15-18 lin. longa.
Near O. stamineus, Benth.; Bot. Mag. tab. 5833.
206. Teucrium (Polium) nummularifolium, Baker [Labiatæ] ;
perenne, agers eo ramis dense persistente r albo-incanis, foliis
superiore parvo orbiculari inferiore majore trilobato, staminibus labio
inferiori subzequilongis.
Habitat.—South-east Arabia: Wady Gerzid, Dhofar mountains,
J. T. Bent, 169.
Folia 4 lin. longa et lata. Calyx 2 lin. longus.
207. Peperomia malaccensis, Ridley [Piperacee]; succulenta,
diffusa, prostrata, caulibus radicantibus obscure angulatis, foliis alternis
ve
Pun exceptis), nervis 5 e sinu curvis, spicis singulis termina-
libus pedunculatis viridibus glabris, floribus in rachi immersis dissitis,
bracteis cuneatis e imr oblongo-rotundatis, stuidnibus clavatis, ovario
globoso haud rostrato, stigmate penicillato purpureo.
Widths ione : on rocks in dense jungle woods, collected by
R. Derry.
Folia 1} poll. longa, | poll. lata, petioli } poll. longi. Spice 11 poll
longæ,
A curious and distinct species, remarkable for its ovate cordate leaves,
hich vary from dark green to coppery brown. It does not seem closely
ee to d of the Indian or Malayan species, but resembles somewhat
208. ( thium) oblongicauli Baker | Euphorbiacez] ;
radice saan, c tuberoso oblon ngo i nermi cicatricibus foliorum
delapsorum notato, foliis floribusque ad tuberis — dense etitm
foliis petiolatis lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis integris amiol
utrinque leviter albo-pubescentibus, pedunculis iias nudis strictis
erectis simplicibus vel furcatis, Asem parvo campan viridi
glandulis marginalibus orbicularibus integris viridulis, staminibus
involuero paulo longioribus, coccis dorso rotundatis leviter pilosis,
seminibus nigris glabris le
Habitat.—South-east Bw: ; Riot, Dhofar coast, J. 7. Bent, 61,
and gathered also by Lunt, on the Hadramaut euin and brought
alive to the Royal Gardens, fien it flowered June 1894.
Caulis tuberosus 15-18 ed NN 6-9 lin. eh Folia 1-2 poll.
onga. IJnvolucrum 1 lin. d
U 88472. B
186
09. Croton (Eucroton) confertus, Baker [ Euphorbiaces] ; fruticosus,
foliis floffbusque a apices ramorum confertis foliis oblongis obtusis
aggre
pilosis, petalis parvis oblanceolatis obtusis, receptaculo dense piloso,
staminibus circiter 20 e calyce exser di femineis apetalis, fructu magno
oboso dense persistenter stellato-pilos
Habitat —South-east Arabia : parte Dhofar, J. T. Bent, 231.
: Caulis ccs gr Folia 12-15 lin. longa. Stamina 4 lin. longa.
Fructus 7-8 lin.
Arthrostylidium Prestoéi, Munro [Graminex- -Bambuseæ] ;
foliis 1 brevibus angustis acutis subtus basin versus pubescentibus vaginis
plerum rumque efimbriatis raro fimbriis 1—2 instructis, racemo simplice
rachi cito articulatim secedente, spiculis 7-8 approximatis maii eec
sübsessilibus compressis inferne glabris am dorso et margine
scabro-hirsutis. Munro manuscript in Herb. Kew
Habitat.—Trinidad, 77. Prestoe. There are also specimens in the
Herbarium cultivated at Kew in 1879.
Folia E: poll. longa, et 6-7 lin. lata. Racemi circiter 14 poll. longi.
This is very close to A. Trinii described in my memoir. It is,
however, s be distinguished by Dn very few, not RE numerous
flowering branches, at the nodes; by having much ‘longer and broader
leaves, compressed not cylindrieal spikelets PUSH dotted with green ;.
by having the lower palea (flowering glume the fertile flowers
ecnprougly hirsute on the upper half, not ERI as in A, Trini, and
BYIDg two larger sq uamulæ usually obtuse, not acuminated.
is ed more conspicuous. Munro manuscript in Herb. Kew.
ae
CP Lx. —BOTANICAL ENTERPRISE IN BELEE
CENTRAL AFRICA,
— British Central Africa consists of a territory with a total area, north
and south of the Zambesi, exceeding 500,000 square miles. The head-
published ee the More. Office (Miscellaneous Series, 1895, No. 373).
Mr. te gives an interesting account of the steps taken to establish a
Botanic Garden at Zomba, and | of the most promising plants grown there
for use and ornament :—
-I have been requested by Commissioner Johnston to draw up a
réport on what has already been done at Zomba in the foundation of a
_ Botanical Garden, and what I propose to do in future towar x sr
| -eouraging agricultural Wow oar in British Central Africa.
pos — e it is = at the es of the authorities of the ap
ue e.
187
Botanical Gardens, Kew, that I have prepared this report, which I
would respectfully request may be communicated to them -
arrival at Zomba in August 1891, my attention was first
directed to choosing a sheltered spot of ground, about an acre in ex xtent,
which I had brought out with me. The clearing of the jungle, hoeing
of the land, and the erection of thatched 1 sheds was soon accomplis ed by“
natives (Yaos) rom the neighbouring villages, and I, was glad to find
that really iiw iens work ns be got from these people with just
treatment. and er supervi When they first mustered with their
little circular diet handled honie made hoes I felt disposed id look ni
despair on the prospect of ever getting effective work do iJ]
found, however, that turned up the soil well, and when piapa
European implements were placed in their hands they proved: to
good native ene crues as any I had previously met with in other
tropical countri
“Of the seco sown in the nurseries all the European vegetables did
Europeans at the station. Hampers of vegetables were also occasionally
sent to other stations of the administration
-The tree seeds also germinated well, and included species of Cupressus,
Si Acacia, Cassia, Ficus, Gr evillea, Citrus, Thuja, Cedrus,
2 arica (Papaw), &c.
~The English potato tubers which I had brought with me were
spoilt, I am sorry to say, in transit, owing to the extreme heat, but I’
am happy to state that the seeds of the potato I had With me turned out
porary i in charge at the resi Ar ‘This vem on as & most useful
introduction, the potatoes ee her no sign of disease, aad being, as it
were, neler of the country, they are not so liable to degenerate in
June 1891, Captain Sclater and I visited Sir John Kirk’s old garden, a
short way out of town, which is now a ud of the Universities
Mission. CPU the kind courtesy of the lady I procured
the seeds of a good many economie and “ornamental plants from the
garden, such as — coffee, Casuarina, Cassias, Guavas, Anonas,
Passiflora e, cucurbitaceous plants, pineapple shoots, &e,,
and tieürly all of dien are now doing well at Zomba. L also brought
with me'à supply of ripe cacao pods from the same garden or plantation,
which plant had been introduced years ago by Sir John Kirk. The
— from these pods, I regret very much to suy, failed to germinate,
d; ;
H A
EJ
WHEAT GROWING.
The barley and oats from English seed did well, and yielded fair
crops, but the wheat seed from England proved a failure. It germinated
well, but. per in tufts like grass, and refused to throw up grain stalks.
Later on, however, I received, through Captain Sclater, a bag of wheat
seed from the missionaries at Tanganyika. This lot, being acclimatised
seed (the original having been imported many years ago by the Arabs),
B2
188
did well, and yielded at the rate of nine bushels per acre, without
manure. I was able, from the grain thus secured, to distribute seed to
several of the stations best suited for the growth o of wheat, and also to a
good many of the native chiefs who are raising it, on the understanding
S the administration will purchase the produce for the use of its Sikh
diers. Some of the European planters are also ag it, Messrs.
eb: at Blantyre, and Mr. Brown, at Mlanje, having had good
success, It is to be hoped that this industry will annually increase until
sufficient wheat is locally raised for the consumption of the European
population. At the present time the missionaries on Tanganyika grow
sufficient wheat for their own wants.
TREE PLANTING.
As soon as I found the tree seedlings in the nurseries were sufficiently
advanced to be planted out, I commenced forming avenues of them along
the main roads of the plantation. On either side of the te A avenue
leading from the steps of the terrace boi to the bottom of the grounds
I planted out rows of Cupressus macrocar, . lawsoniana, C. een 8 st r-
virens, and Widdringtonia Whytei, alteratio with each other. Along
the south and east avenue, bananas, Cupressus macrocarpa, and C.
em
up with Acacia is,
different varieties, and Grevillea robusta. 'The cross avenue, bisect
oe grounds, was lined with Thuja orientalis and T. iesu
5 feet in two and a half years from ot "This refers to the conifers
only, some of the eucalypti eX shot up to a height of 45 feet in the
same period. An arboretum of interesting trees was also
planted up at ‘the east end of the terrace garden, and this we propose
to extend down the sloping ground to the banks of the aapa
One plot of ground was devoted to the cultivation of handsome native
lants, and another to that of economic ones, both ihdigérióus pid
introduced.
(xRAss LAWNS.
The grass lawns form another very eri and pleasing feature in
the grounds. These I formed of the roots of a small creeping dub
grass, some patches of which I bti on Mr. Buchanan’s plantation.
Tt takes possession of the ground in a wonderfully short time, and
stands out the dr ry season well. It fort ms an n exce At and nutritious
this pasture on a large scale all over the grounds of the Residency,,an
the seeds of it will be regularly saved for distribution.
SEEDS FROM CEYLON AND NATAL.
Through the kind courtesy of Dr. ‘frimen, of the Ceylon Botanical
Gardens, I received some packets of valuable tropical seeds. A good
* Probably Cynodon Dactylon.
189
many of these failed to germinate, but some did well, among others the
tree
Mr. Wood, of the Durban Botanical — when I called on him
on my way home, was kind enough to put us up a large packet of seeds
hese, however, I could not send on to British ie “ae sa pri to
the new coffee-leaf disease regulations, but they ha useful
in enabling me to make exchanges of seeds in Nngieis.
NATIVE CEDAR.
The timber of the new Mosi ege cedar ( 1 E eee ee
from Mount Mlanje has been p oved to be of excellent t quality
the finest yellow pine, and sx, worked. It has been large y a at
the Residency, Zomba, und the greater part of the timber-work of ve
new roof of that building i is composed of it, It is also commandin
ready sale at Blantyre and on the coffee estates. I need scarcely Hie
ihat I shall do all I can to encourage the planting of it in the Shiré
collected from the Government rre on Mount Mlanje and nurseries
of them kept up. Plants of Widdr gaen in the conifer avenues, at
omba, are now 7 feet high in three years from seed, and Shaw every
prospect of doing well at that elevation, 3 000 feet
Prospects or BOTANICAL ENTERPRISE.
As regards what I propose doing in the future towards en couraging
agricultural enterprise in Nyasaland, I would first of all touch on the
choice of a suitable site for botanieal and experimental gardens.
I do not think a better could be found than the one now opened up and
being experimented with at the Residency, Zomba, which me have already
described. My reasons for arriving at this conelusion are
1. The soil is good, it is well sheltered, and has a good exposure.
2. The rainfall averages that of other districts on the plateau, and it
is artificially well watered by means of an excellent system of
irrigation.
3. Both tropical and sub-tropical plants are reared with facility and
grow
4. Iti is ental HS now within two and a half days of the Lower
ir three days of Lake Nyasa
5. And lassi, but perhaps most important of all, it is a compara
ec ied station for an European Superintendent "
live
In connexion with it, as an auxiliary garden, the fine sheltered fertile
“ Palm Stream Valley,” eight miles distant from Zomba, on the
d ene A perennial stream flows through this
valley, along the banks of which fine specimens of the noble Raphia
urish luxuriantly and is he little vale is
xtreme hea t, severe drought, and its unhealthiness as well as the great
e of locusts and other insect pests.
190
Economic PLANTS.
As to the particular capes: plants which it is most ceria i
blunt, and the produce whieh would most probably
staple articles of export in the fior it will be well to pria bey v Sia
is now being done in the way of agricultural enterprise.
offee is "t principal staple at present, and over 30 estates have
opened up, and, for the most part, planted with the ordinary C. arabica.
This will no den t be the principal cultivation, so long as leaf disease
can be kept out of the country. C. liberica is also established in the
Shiré Highlands; over 100 plants were raised from the seed I brought
from Zanzibar, and these are now in full bearing. The Messrs.
Buchanan also had several trees of it previous to this. It is more suited
for the lower-lying districts than for the hills. Mr. Buchanan is besides
eins ting several other varieties of C. arabica, and has also introduced
small-berried native one called * Quilimane coffee." Shiré Highlands
codes sold in Mincing Lane the other day at from 4/. 16s. to 5/.,* and
it has now become a speciality i in the London market, where it is in
great demand. The natives, in some instances, have been induced to
cultivate coffee on their own account, and I have no doubt they will do
and more as the ey become more and more intelligent and
enterprising. -
' Tobacco has ‘Been extonsively cultivated by the Messrs. Buchanan
for some years, both at Blantyre and Zomba. They have now a large
local sale for their cut tobaccos stri cigars, which are excellent. They
have also obtained remunerative prices for thei t kear in the London
feel sure will be of benefit, not only to the Messrs. Buchanan,
but also to the ae at large. There is unlimited scope for the
cultivation of this promising product. In Ceylon and many other
ritish possessions this industry has made no headway, Md to the
exe of labour and the scarcity of suitable land. Here the one is
perhaps the bed poti in the world, and the other almost boundless, The
natives have grown tobacco for their own use for many y
Cane sugar has been manufactured for years by Mr. "Büdliuin =
Zomba for pae E E The climate and soil of the Upper Shir
are, however, more suited for the cultivation of sugar. The Messrs.
Buchanan have therefore decided se extend their ears on the
Central Africa, even were the railway ee The sugar-cane
ing a thoroughly tropical plant matures sooner on the hot steamy
banks s on the Shiré than it does in the Shiré Highlands.
ea of good varieties, Assam and China, has been introduced, but is
not as yet cultivated to any extent. It grows luxuriantly, and ought to
do well in some districts. Our long "dry season would prevent its
flushin ng so freely as it does in Ceylon or Assam, but against this we
i have to put the abnormally low price of labour at from 9d. to 1s. per lb.
..* Some samples commanded a price as high as 5/. 5s.—H. H. J.
191
Tsee no reason why it should not become a profitable cultivation. I
shall do all I ean to introduce seeds and plants of the very best teas
procurable.
Theobr oma Cacao. —I have great faith in this valuable product doing
asaland
of the sheltered Vili on the slopes of our mountain ranges. Suitable
shade trees should be planted with it, such as Erythrina, pimento, and
nutmegs.
India-rubber or caoutchouc is another most important article of
variety of caoutchouc-yielding trees and creepers which are indigenous
to the country. It is an industry which specially recommends itself to
the natives, who are naturally fond of woodcraft, and do not place much
value on time when working for themselves.
CCCCLXXI.—_ NEW ORCHIDS.—DECADE 14.
131. Pleurothallis rotundifolia, Rolfe ; nana, foliis brevissime
petiolatis “orbiculari-obovati minutissime tridenticulatis marginatis
carnosis, scapis gracillimis circa 6-floris, bracteis basi tubulosis apice
triangulari-ovatis acutis parvis, se postico oblongo acuto concavo,
lateralibus fere omnino connatis pire brevissime bidentatis, petalis
spathulato-oblongis Papeta labello subrecurvo integro oblongo
obtuso, columna clavata marginibus alatis apice acuta, —
Has vna ET. Morris.
12 pall lo ongi. : Bractee 4 lin. longs. ‘Padi icelli 2 lin. Lm c d
posticum 2 lin. longum, lateralia 2} lin. longa. Petala 3$ lin, longa.
Lage 8 un iege im. v— : lin. lon nga.
132 Cologyne carinata, Rolfe; pseudobulbis tetragono-ovoideis
diphyllis, Toliis subsessilibus elliptico-oblongis v. lanceolati
scapis arcuatis, racemis flexuosis circa 6-8-floris, bracteis |
lanceolatis acutis deciduis, ovariis hexapteris, sepalis oblon utis
acute carinatis concavis, petalis linearibus acutis, labello trilobo lobis
lateralibus erectis angustis subobtusis intermedio ovato-oblongo obtuso
subundulato, disco tricarinato carinis lateralibus crenulatis, - columna
clavata apice alat
Has.—New Guinea.
192
Pseudobulbi 11-13 poll. longi, 1-1 aen lati. TM 4-5 pe aoe
14-1} poll. lata. Scapi 4-8 poll. longi. Bractee 7-9 lin. longs.
Pedicelli 8-9 lin. longi. Sepala 11 lin. longa, dn. lata. Petala 10
lin. longa. Labellum 9 lin longum. | Columna 7 lin. longa.
Introduced by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., with whom it flowered in
June of the present year. Allied to e "New Hebridean Colog yne
of about half the size. ' The sepals and petals are very
light. almost ‘whitish green, and the lip paler, with an orange-brown
area on the basal half of the front lobe and apex of the side ones. The
basal part of the lip is also lightly splashed with orange brown, and
the column light green, Scapes produced from the young growths
before the leaves are fully developed.
133. Eulophia deflexa, Rolfe; foliis M linearibus acutis,
scapis e elongatis acca bracteis ovato-lan tis is, sepalis
patentibus lanceolato-oblongis acutis carin ais, petalis subdeflexis
ovatis apiculatis v. rebots, labello trilobo lobis lateralibus oblongis
obtusis intermedio orbiculari-ovato obtuso, disco trilamellato barbato,
calcare oblongo, columna clavata.
Haz.—Natal, Allison.
Folia 6-16 poll. longa, 5-7 lin. lata. Scapi 2 ped. alti.
Bractee 6-9 lin. longe. Pedicelli 10-12 lin. ng. Sepala 10
lin. longa, 3-3} lin. lata. Petala 10 lin. longa, 6 liù. lata.
Labellum 9 in. Sei 5 lin. latum. Calcar 2 lin. longum.
Columna 3 lin. lon
An ally of E. rb ea Spreng., from which it differs in its more
robust habit and lax raceme of larger and differently coloured flowers.
It was sent to Kew by Captain eerie in 1891, and flowered in June
of the present year. The sepals are a peculiar shade of light purple-
brown, and the petals and lip beautifully veined with lilac-purple on a
much lighter ground. The lamellz and fringes of the lip are yellowish-
white. The petals incline forward over the lip ; hence the name.
154. Polystachya zambesiaca, Rolfe; pseudobulbis — v.
-elliptico-oblongis subeompressis di-triphyllis, foliis oblongis v. lanceolato-
‘oblongis subobtusis basi conduplicatis subtus glaucescentibus atiii
'scapis terminalibus Aap 4-8-floris, bracteis latissime rhom-
boideo-ovatis acumi nati , Sep g
19 3» 2 Q0 5» "9 a? S. r6
postice canaliculatis - incurvis, labello recurvo trilobo lobis lateralibus
ereetis rotundatis intermedio ovato obtuso canaliculato, callo late oblongo
pubescente, columna brevissima.
Has.--Tropical Africa: Upper Zambesi, Buchanan.
Pseudobulbi 5-9 lin. longi, 4 lin. lati. Folia 11-31 poll- ionga
3-7 lin. lata. Scapi 2-3 poll. longi.* Bractee 2-3 lin
Pedicelli 4 lin. longi. Sepala 4-5 lin. longa. Petala 3 lin. bin
Labellum 3 lin. longum. Columna 1 lin. Jonga. Mentum 2 lin.
ongum.
A
Kränzl., from the same region, which is perhaps its nearest “ally.
flowered yen Mr. goes O'Brien in May 1894, and at tEn a year
193
foot of the column, and some light purple veining on the side lobes of
the lip. The bracts are whitish.
135. Bate peru Rolfe ; pletiictiftns oblongis tetra-
gonis tiphyits f - late a n aeutis submembranaceis subtus
subglaucis racemis paucifloris, bracteis conduplicatis latissime ovatis
obtusissimis, sepals postico erecto elliptico-oblongo obtuso apiculato,
lateralibus subpatentibns oblongis subobtusis basi subconduplicatis,
petalis erectis elliptico-ovatis obtusis subapiculatis apice subreflexis,
labello trilobo, lobis lateralibus erectis rotu oe c iti denticulatis,
intermedio obovato-oblongo apiculato apice recu callo oso
transverso apice denticulato infra medium labelli sito, viti
clavata apice alata denticulata, mento obtuso.
Has.—Peru.
soe rie ab a irri longi, 1 poll. lati. Folia 8 poll. longa,
13 lo
poll. 6 lin. longe. Pedicelli 10 lin. longi.
Satu pon e 10 Tin longum, 6 lin. latum ; lateralia 11 lin
lon 4 lin. lata. Petala 10 lin. longa, 7 lin. a. Labellum
9 lin. longum. Columna 9 lin. longa. Mentum 3 lin.
“Introduced by Messrs. F. Sander & Co, and flowered in vnda estab-
lishment in March last. The sepals and petals are brown with green
tips and a few irregular narrow green lines below ; the column and lip
white with innumerable minute purple dots at the base, and an irregular
purple stain at the base of the front lobe. is the fourth known
species of the genus, the others being B. Colleyi, Lindl., B. armillata,
Rchb. f, and B. Beaumontii, Rchb. f. The two latter are ly
referred to Zygopetalum in the Genera Plantarum, but agree in
structure with the original B. Colley pee with the present species.
136. Maxillaria parva, Rolfe ; nana, pseudobulbis czspitosis ellip-
tico-oblongis subeom mpressis oep si, foliis sessilibus lineari-oblongis
acutis carinatis, scapis e diram vaginis laxis imbricatis, bracteis
s, peta talis erectis eroe acutis apice recurvis, mea
Sahiciiche lobis lateralibus erectis puberulis rm latissime
oblongo obtuso apice revoluto, callo carnoso obtusissimo nitido, columna
clavata.
Has.--Brazil.
Pseudobulbi 4-6 lin. longi, 3-4 lin. ted Folia 1-1} poll. longa,
231-4 lin. lata. Scapi 4 lin. longi. Bractee 4 lin. lon
ng.
5 lin. longa, 21 lin. lata. Petala 4 lin. veu 2 ep lata. Labellum
4 lin. longum, 24 lin. latum. Columna 3 lin. lon
dwarf species allied to Mazxillaria pumila, Hook, which etra
ui Ba collection of C. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalmin
bad ‘a, Lindl. It was presented to Kew, and vat since flowered annually.
It is allied to M. pumila, gene ( Bot. Mag., t. 3613), but has stouter
pseudobulbs, longer leaves, rm ed of purple flowers, with a
light reddish-brown dealers
137. Luisia Cantharis, iol caule elongato, fuliis teretibus
elongatis Sübobtusis rigidis basi tubuloso-vaginatis, racemis oketan mis
paucifloris bracteis transverse oblengis truncatis, sepalo co lineari-
oblongo obtuso concavo lateralibus. oblongis acutis Habol dapicatis
194
cute carinatis carnosis, petalis linearibus oblongis planis, labello trilobo
lobis lateralibus erectis rotundatis parvis intermedio elliptico brevissime
bidentato, disco 5 carinato, columna brevissima.
Haz.-—Shan States, Burma,
Folia 4-6 poll. longa, 2 lin. lata. Bractee 1 lin. longe. Pedicelli
6 lin. longi. Sepalum posticum 8 lin. longum; lateralia 7 lin. longa.
Petala Ka lin. longa. Labellum 6 lin. longum, 23 lin. latam. Columna
14 lin. longa.
A remarkable species, allied to Z. volueris, Lindl. It was im-
rted by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., fei flowere ed it in June of the
s urple near the margin, the rest, together with the petals, being
whitish; the lateral sepals are light green, with a broa d dull purple
margin, and the lip is of the latter colour, with some white at ci
extreme base, and a yellowish-white sunken area at the apex. The tip
of the lip is appressed to the stem, as in L. volucris, and the petals are
deflexed on either side, as if to direct an insect to the pollinia.
138. Angraecum - siylosum, Relies subacaulis, foliis oblongis v.
-obovato-oblongis brevissime bilobis obtusis, racemis pen dulis multifloris,
bracteis spathaceis late orbiculari-ovatis obtusis se isque lanceo
lato-oblongis breviter acuminatis v. apiculatis MES, labello lanceolso-
oblongo apiculato reflexo apice concavo, calcare elongate arcuato,
columna clavata subelongata crassiuscula.
Has.— Madagascar.
Folia vire d law longa, 14-24 poll. lata. Racemi 12-2 ped. longi.
B onge, Pedicelli bia p longi. Sepala 10-11 lin.
longa. poe» = lin. longa 2 8-9 lin. longum. Calear
4-5 poll. longum. Columna 3 1d = omg
A striking species introduced by Messrs. F. Sander & Josi wi ith
whom it first flowered in July 1893. It has the këneta habit of ti the
African A. apiculatum, Hook., with flowers nearly twice as large,
while ii its unusually large eoim is characteristic. The flowers are
smaller than in A. Ellisii, Rchb. f., the segments narrower and more
reflexed, and the colour white with the spur r tinted with light brownish
buff.
139. Notylia brevis, Rolfe ; pseudobulbis subobsoletis, foliis oblongis
obtusis basi Conduplicatis, rac racemis brevibus multifloris, bracteis lineari-
lanceolatis acutis, sepalis liberis on gr ela subacutis concavis,
petalis lanceolato-oblongis subacutis concavis, labello breviter te
eulato trulliformi-ovato acuto basi calloso-carinato, columna subclav
levi.
Has.—Andes of S. America.
Folia 4-4} poll. longa, 16 lin. lata. Racemi 1 poll. longi. ME
-14 lin longer. Pedicelli 1 lin. longi. Sepala et petala hus lin. louga.
1} lin. longum, 4 lin. latum. Columna 1 lin. lon
troduee: by Mr. F. C. Lehmann, and flowered in the Pe of
‘Lawrence, ARE ii Maroh kat: NM Se
195
apu it markedly differs from this and AT other small
s in its very short racemes. The sepals are nearly
Wis the pota tals stained with yellow on the disc, and the lip white..
The precise locality is not known.
140. Pelexia saccata, Rolfe ; foliis petiolatis elliptico-ovatis subacutis
variegatis, scapis erectis pubescentibus, racemis elon ic is multifloris,
bracteis lanceolatis acuminatis, ovario pubescente, alo tico
hea A oblongo subobtu oncavo, latera ee “ancealato linearibus:
acutis, petalis oblanceolatis subobtusis eum sepalo postico in galeam
conniventibus, labello columnzx marginibus adnato ovato apice subobtuso
reflexo basi in ea itus saccato obtuso ovario fere omnino adnato extenso,.
columna clavata.
Has.—Guatemala.
Folia 5-6 poll. longa, 2-2} poll. lata; petiolus 3-4 poll. longus.
Scapi 3-11 poll longi; racemi 5-7 po oll. lon gi Bractee 8-12 lin
*
ment in May last. Near P. maculata, Rolfe (Kew Bulletin, 1893,
p. 7), but is feadily distinguished by its shorter flowers and shorter more
Sa sipol spur. The leaves are light green marbled with small irregular
olive-green blotches, and a darker irregular band along the midrib,
which is light reddish purple underneath. The sepals are green, and
the petals and lip whitish.
CCCCLXXII.—SIAM BENZOIN (continued).
3 brief account was recently given in the Kew Bulletin (1895,
pp. 154-155) of the source of Siam Benzoin. This was obtained from -
a report furnished to the Foreign Office by Mr. Walter R. D. Beckett,
Vice-Consul at Bangkok.
As the result of inde ependent inquiry made at the instance of Kew by
the India Office, the following further information has n received..
This was obtained through the Siamese Minister of the Interior at
Bangkok. It affords, therefore, an account of Siam Benzoin from the
purely native point of view. All the accounts agree in ascribing the
region of the Benzoin trees to the left "pai of the Mekong river, in
what is now French territory. This isa tract of a sra er east
and north-east of the important town of Luang Prabang
InpiA OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, Kew.
India age Whitehall, London, S.W.
Sir, 1895.
In c ontinuation of previous Siento I am directed by
the Secretary of State for India to forward herewith “for your informa-.
tion a copy of a letter, and its enclosure, regarding the tree producing
196
Siam Benzoi It is suggested that the memorandum on the Siam
Benzoin may te fonnd era for p in the Kew Bu! letin
, &e.
(Signed) ” A. N. WOLLASTON.
The Direct Assistant Sderot tary,
Royal Baiia Ée Revenue and Statistics Department.
No. 606.-—2 F.—7, dated Rangoon, the 30th May 1895.
From—The Revenue Secretary to the Chief Commissioner of Burma.
To—The Secretary to the Government of India, Revenue and
Agricultural Department.
With reference to the correspondence concerning the steps taken
with the view of identifying the plant or tree which produces the
resin known as “Siam Benzoin," I am directed 246 submit, for the
information he Government of a memo
of India, a copy ran
regarding the tree that produces this BON and on the Gum Benjamin
industry in Siam, prepared in Bangkok under the orders of the Siamese
Minister of the Interior, and forwarded to the Chief Commissioner by
Mr. J. G. Scott in April 1894.
Mr. Scott stated that the area in which the Gum Benjamin trees
were found was said to be all on the left bank of the Sakon, and,
therefore, in what is e Frene nt terri ry.
Mr. Scott further remarked “the great Sian Benzoin tract is Hna
Pan Htang, Ha ee Hók, the — country east and north-east
of Luang Prabang." .
Memorandum regarding the Tree that produces Resin, and on the Gum
Benjamin Industry in Siam.
mbles
making dug- eut lae s). The Gum Benjamin tree is propagated from
the original fruit. This, when fallen and Ea upon the oe eme takes
root and is after the fashion of the “ phayom” and “ gang” trees.
As regards the trunk of the Gum Bénjkinii tree, there is no one rho
uses it. Gum Benjamin trees are generally found on elevated ground,
and do not like the plains. country. They grow in isolated patches like
the forests of * teng-rang ” and teak. A forest patch of Gum Benjamin
usually contains from 50 to 60 trees and upwards, and the tree is found
generally in large numbers along the high hills in the extensive forest
region of Slua Phan, Tangslok, and the borders of Miiang Theng, in the
province of Luang Prabang. It is rarely met with in other countries
okore kanioni provinces, have w ciked ò out and traded.in the Gum
jamin from an early period for successive — and these are
scattered amongst the neighbouring people as well as being frequently
197
Thenceforward is the period during which the Gum Benjamin is
mie and sold. 'The Gum Benjamin is worked after the following
ethods. So many trees are notched so as to form a girdl
sound the stem. An interval of three months is allowed to cipes
between the period of notching and that of picking the Gum
Benjamin dammar, which wells out of the trunk an collects
in the notches. By means of a sharpened stick or the point of a knife
this is picked out, bark and all, and gathered at once in baskets. It is
then sorted and her me different classes, according to choice.
Picking cannot commence before the interval of three months has
elapsed, as the dammar that has trickled out into the notches would not
have had time to harden. It would still be soft and sticky, and if
picked at the time would me dirty, owing to the bark coming off
with it; nor would it be of such value either, as, testy sticky, it would
cling to other things, and the full benefit would not. be derive d, such as
would be the case if it were properly drv. For this reason, the Gum
Benjamin must be left for three months after the notching, in order that
Among the people above mentioned the picking and sale of Gum
Benjamin is generally See as one way of obtaining a livelibood,
for the gum has a value, and is reckoned as a marketable. commodity.
do; for instance, they have to plough the fields and reap their rice
harvest. In the eighth and ninth months their work on the
paddy fields is finished, and they can therefore turn their attention to
to Gum Benjamin. For this reason there is a speci vea Their
ally fields are their first care, and then the Gum Benjamin trade.
a who have no business with ploughing paddy fields and plotting
$1 _ wish, work continuously at Gum Benjamin at all
seasons, and during every month of the year. The Gum Benjamin
trade requires no very great outlay of capital. All the implements
uired are one large axe, a rice et, and an open woven basket.
If a person vibe to work sisi without servants to assist him, he can
do so; for in the first stages there is meet much that requires to be
lifted or carried. The only labour necessary would be when ‘the ‘Gum
st ome is being picked and placed in baskets, and has to be carried
e temporary or permanent home of picker. The profits gained
ái n one icular occasion or another can hardly © uged
ho work out much sell at a large profit, those who
dirtied by the presence of bark. e second class is that left over
from the first class, and is in somewhat smaller lumps than the latter,
and has some, but not much, bark attached to it. This is inferior in
quality to Class I., and is half the be That is to say, if Class I. is
sold at 75 a Class 11. would sell a 374 ticals. The third class is
that left over from Class II. This dali de bark attached to it, is soiled
with dust via , and is in fine small pieces. It is called ** mun,”
and is half the value of Class IT. The price of Gum Benjamin as sold
in the jungle districts where the gum is worked is as follows :—Class I.
198
‘One Chinese catty ge Ibs.), 100 or about 75 ticals. Class II. Half the
price of Class I. Class IJI, Half the price of Class II, The price in
Bangkok | is:—Class I. One Chinese catty, 260 ticals, as it has always
The G Gum Benjamin trees that grow in the jungle districts referred to
are not the subject. of disputed ownership by one person more than
another. Any one who wishes to work Gum Benjamin has merely to
fs ọ into the jungle, search for and notch as many trees as he pleases,
B pepnle, fo example, who go into the jungle to eut posts for their
dor is there any tax or other emolument accruing to the
mud from either the trunk or the gum of the Gum Benjamin tree;
ww is the Guni Benjamin trade one in the prosecution of which much
thieving or fighting arises, whether it is because there are many g
together at a time, or because, being in the. jungle where there are
fierce tigers, one man cannot sk along alone by himself, but is obliged
to travel with bein and so robbery and theft are ren ered impossible,
is uncertain. This gum is sweet-scented, and is much used in mixing
either with medicines or scents of various kinds. For whichever of
of commerce which merchants have pong and sold from. time im-
memorial to the present day.
CCCCLXXIII.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
In the Kew Bulletin for February last (p. Mons an account is ive
of a small collection of dried plants made by Mr. F. H. SMILES, a
gentleman attached to the Royal Survey Department of Siam. : mongst
them was a remarkable scitamineous plant, upon which a further note
will be found below. Mr. Smiles returned to Siam in December last
2 the d E making further botanical collections. We regret
m a a letter communieated to us by a friend that ** while -
abate Poloni Siam, he died of dysentery in May last.” It w
ebifidently- icipated that he would have added -considerably to our
write of the rich flora of Upper Siam. For nearly a quarter of a
century we have endeavoured to procure from thence seeds or plants of
the celebrated tree yielding Siam Benzoin, but so far without m
s -
~ Botanical Magazine,—All the figures in the July number were drawn
from plants that flowered at Kew. Senecio Hualtata is a gigantic
herbaceous plant, native of Chili and the Argentine Republic. “Tt was
raised from seeds s presented by Mrs. Ayseoghe Floyer of Basingstoke,
and. colleeted by her daughter, Mrs. Sun e Williams, at Vipos, about
I9 miles north of the city of Tucuman. Pyrus crategifolia is an
elegant shrub or small tree, a native of Northern Italy, and so much
e.a thorn in appearance that one would po take it for a
Crategus. ‘Aristolochia ungulifolia is singular in a genus remarkable
for Ls: ime in shape and. size of the perianth. It is a native
a as sent to Kew by Mr. H. N. Ridley, Director of
sten and Forests 1 in the Straits Settlements. _Neuwiedia Griffithit,
alacea, i !
ll tribe of the. Orchidee, having free stam This was also
ected and sent to Kew. by Mr. H.N . Ridley, "The o last figure is of l
X
199
Rubus lasiostylus, a very pretty Chinese Latiae eat one xe Dr. A.
Henry's numerous discoveries and introd à
Hooker’s Icones Plantarum.— The fourth and concluding part of the
fourth volume of the fourth series—plates 2276 to 2400, has been
published. Mascarenhasia utilis (Apocynacee), a native of Madagascar,
is from the collection of the Rev. R. Baron, who states that "E is one of
the important plants from which india-rubber is obtained. Mus sendopsis
beccariana, is a Malayan tree allied to the American Calycophyllum.
This is the second genus of this affinity recently figured in this work.
The other is Wire At A pont 1823), a native ‘of China. Several
interesting grasses are figured, among them Cyathopus, a me genus
from eo Didissandra 1wyiper, Rhododendron Hancockii, Bran-
disia racemosa, Jasminum primulinum and Codonopsis convolvulacea
are Chinese plants, all of an ornamental character. They were coliected
in Eastern Yunnan by Mr. W. Hancock, F.L.S. From the Rev.
R. B. Comins's last Veg Islands’ collection there are the ere od
Tabernamontilia queni a, Stemonurus megacarpus, and Oxymitr
macrantha, am h were ae scrTbell in the Bulletin for Taie JAY
‘Argoste ncinnum is à miniature one-flowered plant belonging to
the Rubiacez, eollented in Northern Siam by Mr. Smiles of the Royal
Survey Department.
Hand-List of Ferns and Fern Allies.— This hand- list was issued in
April last. "4 Mania: account is Mae in the Preface of the fern
are fully described, and their synoncmy and geographical distribution
worked out, with sacre illustratiótió by Mr. ems Fitch. Of this,
the first volume appeared in 1846, and the las pree s ames
werde F.R.S., now Keeper of the Herbarium, in 1868, and
a ooond edition was brought out in 1874. Since that date many
also published in the Annals of Botany (1891) a summary of new
ferns diseovered or deseribed since 1874. The type specimens from
200
which most of the descriptions and plates upset in this series of
books have been made are deposited in the Kew Herbariu
The living collection in the garden owes its completeness at largely
to the zeal and assiduity with which the veteran pteridologist, Mr. John
Smith, curator of the Royal Gardens from 1841-63, watched over it for
more than 40 ears.
following aa op of its origin and development : —* n
I found the collection of ferns at Kew extremely poor, espe as
regards tropical species, very many of those introduced in gna
years having been lost and very few new ones add
. no
fern house, the area they oceupied being 6 ft. by 12 ft. These formed
the nucleus of the now great collection. They were successively
added to by importations of living Leese ba also plants raised from
= Mese fro m he rbari um e
are enumerated.”
The principal books published by Mr. Smith are his Ferns, British,
and Foreign, issued in 1866, which contains a classified list ‘of all the
species then known in cultivation, full directions for the cultivation of
ferns of the different climatic types and by far the most complete
history of their gradual introduction which has ever appeared in print,
and his Historia Filicum, issued in 1875, which contains woodcuts of
220 types and gives a full exposition of his views on fern classification.
In 1868 the last published list was prepared by Mr. J. G. Baker. It
enumerates 802 species and varieties of ferns and 48 of fern ——
The present list comprises 1116 species and varieties of ferns
of fern allies ; ei is exclusive of British ferns, of which 586 aided
-are in cultivatio
The cilieétioi falls into three great groups :—(i.) Tropical; (ii.)
Temperate; and (iii. ns
. Hou
The Temperate Ferns are cultivated in [ No: Il : “the Filmy Ferns
have a separate House (No. A.), constructed for the special treat-
ment which they require. The fine "ese of Temperate Tree Ferns
is contained in the Temperate
The Hardy Ferns are Er on and about a small rockery, i 7 of
the Key Plan, and forming the south boundary of Lawn L.
The structural development of the buildings in which the collection
is housed has kept pace with its growth. Their history may be given
briefly.
The Tropical Fern House (No. II.) is a span-roofed eh 129 feet
long, 34 feet broad, and 15 feet high in the centre. It has a wide
transept on the south side, 40 feet long, 33 feet wide, and 19 feet high.
201
other was 60 feet. It was in No. 2 that, as stated above, John Smith
first arranged the tis of the collection of Tropical Ferns.
In 1843,
o. 2 was doubled and made into a span house.
OPER 1845, No. 3 was eititely taken down, and a new span-roofed house
erected in its place. It joined on to No. 2, which was kept 2 a some-
what lower temperature, but opened into it through a partit
Es
shelves. No. 2 was used as a stove for rare palms ici large tropical
No. 3 was at first occupied by the Woburn collection of orchids
presented by Her Majesty the Queen; for this purpose it proved
eventually unsuited. The orchids were gradually replaced by Aroideæ
and ferns. Ultimately the latter obtained possession of the whole
house. According to John Smith (Records, p. 334), *the centre of the
house was a raised sloping rockery, amongst which the plants were
severely damaged by the hail storm of August 3rd; 1,152 panes of
glass in it were broken. It was piti put snos a —_ state
of repair, but the collections received considerable
In 1887 the west end of the toute was set emma a few feet; the
eed was partly re-arranged and the broad path through the transept
was made
The humid conditions necessary for the cultivation of tropical ferns
are unfortunately not conducive to the preservation of the structures in
which they are grown when they are built of wood. In it there-
fore again became necessary to renew the east wing of No. a
n order to secure greater durability it was decided to use iron e
principal framework, and wood only for the lights. The top i eutilation
was provided for by means of a lantern instead of by the older and
more clumsy method of sliding sashes. At the same time the use of
which are now known to be mist The resulting improvement in
the growth of the plants, especially di eec of Adiantum was very
marked, and in 1892 a portion of the west wing was re-glazed with
equally satisfactory results.
The temperate ferns are now collected in a house (No. IIT.), which
was ves built on the system of mixed iron and wood construction. It
he erected in 1892 to take the A pea of a decayed and obsolete structure
o small greenhouses united together, Nos. 4 and 5 of
Dr. Lindley’s report. The former (the northern wing) was darsi in
1803, and in 1840 contained New Holland and Cape plants; the latter,
which was “ remodelled” in 1825, was filled with succulents.
The reconstructed No. III. is a span-roofed house 60 feet long, 23
feet wide, and 13 feet high. It contains a broad central and two side
stages, Mes paths on d sides
p
Is peer on the sith side of No. II. It is 50 feet long by 14
feet es with a central path and two cases running the full length of
the hous
U aiii c
202
e hardy ferns occupy the Ca ie originally devoted to Alpine
plants (before the construction of the Rock Garden in 1882), and it
extends over part of the adjacent ground. A c ollection was established
f
The collection as a whole is now pro ably the richest, in existence
in garden forms of British species, This is due to the munificent
bequest by W. C. Carbonell, Esq., of the extensive collection formed
by him a Rhiw Castell Usk, Monmouthshire. The whole was
removed to Kew in 1887. It consisted of 4, Eug specimens, many
probably atm besides some hundreds of seedling
The total number of well-marked species of od and the vaseular
gt a 9 orp llies) now mounts up to 3,500. Not more than
one-third o e have been brought into cultivation, and Kew is
established peen ;if not, in the shape of dry pores, which can be
coilected and sent very easily by post in small packet
The AIL table, which shows the per-centage of the total ae
of ferns found in different parts of the world was drawn up b
Baker in 1807 ; but = does not think that the discoveries of the last
20 years will have altered any of the figures materially :—
Arctic cues - E - z "s per cent.
Euro sf ^»
Temperate "Ais; including Himalayas - 8 »
Temperate N. A ww Pe
Temperate "Africa - ay $
Australia and New Zealand - = A wr
South temperate — ring »
Tropical Africa - - 15 *
Tropical Asia - - - 39 "
Tropical America - - 42 j
The present hand list is divided into three parts :—
(i.) Ferns proper (pp. 13-133) ;
di.) Fern allies (pp. 185-143) ;
me dt as an appendix, a list of prem forms of British species (pp.
—183).
With regard to (i) ferns proper, the arrangement is alphabetical and
ly introduced, those included being
ich
estere to supply an index. "hose who wish to diga the study
nomenclature further may fall b
Synopsis Filicum, upon which the present hand list is substantially
base
T fern. allies — have also been grouped alphabetically. It has
not been thought necessary for the present purpose to se sepess te them
according to a petal classification.
The cultivated and feral varieties of British ferns (iii) have béo
enumerated in an appendix. Although the collection of them at Kew
is very rich, they stand in a different position to the colleetion of
recognised and well-determined species. Apart from their intrinsie
beauty, which is often striking, they are of considerable d
seminal
interest as Adice the range of variation due to crossing an
E and cultivators who have raised them
have furnished them with ‘Latin names , often cumbrous and —
which Tavo received no — | definition. "etd oo therefore, be
' 203
fixed or quoted for any scientific: purpose; they have in fact, the safne
-relationship to tke ao from which. they have originated as beddin
pelargoniums bear to Pelargonium zonale or as the drumhead and other
cabbages to Brassica oleracea.
Guide to Museum II.—An “Official Guide to the Museums . of
Economic Botany Ne No. IL" lad lately been issued. The building now
p A: s No. II. Museum was the ne starting point of the whole
eries of museums at e first guide to its contents was
published by Sir William ide at his own cost in 1855. The
foundation of the museum consisted of the director's private collections,
Mus few objects already belonging to the garden, and some given by
. John Smith, whose son, Mr. Alexander Smith, received the
iris ment of Curator. In 1857 the collections illustrating the
Dicotyledons and Rae were removed from No. IT. to their
present position in Museum No. I., opposite the Palm House. After
that the collections illustrating Monocotyledons and the Cryptogams or
flowerless plants were rearranged in Museum No
enlarged in 1881 by the addition of a small west wing. "No. II. is at
the northern end of the Herbaceous ground, three minutes’ walk from
No. I. The present guide is the first entirely devoted to Monocot tyledons
and Cryptogams. It contains notes on the Orchid, Ginger, Iris,
Narcissus, and Lily ires and affords specially valuable information
respecting the Palm order which furnishes the daily food, habitation
given to ketlilok of cem subjects that have appeared from time
time in the Kew Bulletin
Seeds of Juan Fernandez Plants.— Kew is indebted to Mr, J. Sóhrens,
of the Santiago Botanic Garden, for a quantity of seed of the choiita,
the only palm (Juania australis) inhabiting the island. It is peculiar
to Juan Fernandez, and is now almost confined to inaccessible situations.
In addition there are twenty pekt of seeds of other kinds of plants
from the same source.
Cyathea medullaris—An exceptionally tall specimen of this, the
tallest of all the tree-ferns of New Zealand, has been for many years a
striking feature in the Temperate house at Kew. It was tes by
H.R.H. the late Prince Consort in 1856, and was then of considerable
size, so that its age now would something like 60
d
this year it showed symptoms of ill-health, and it finally clined at the
end of June. Its stem was then 31 feet in length and a foot in
diameter 3 feet from the ground. When in robust health it bore a
this species often attains a height of 60 feet; the caudex is slender,
with a large conical base of hard root-fibres, closely matted together to the
thickness of a yard or more. There are Several handsome examples of
this fern in the Temperate house still, one of which was chem to
Kew by Lord Swansea in 1887 and is now about 20 feet higl
204
Juan Fernandez Sandal-wood.—The verification of the existence of a
true sandal-wood in Juan Fernandez is recorded in the Bulletin for
)
9
Philippi, who described it from very imperfect material. Thanks to
Mr. Séhrens, Kew now possesses excellent dried Tae of this
most interesting plant (Santalum t Moin spei collected by the
donor himself. Itis intended to give a figure and some fur rs particulars
of it iu an early number of Hooker's Juss Ploktovsit ‘The following
“Tt may be interesting to you to know that, after many bet o
only one live tree of the och wood has been found; which y
flower in the middle of April. am going again to the island best
weak to endeavour to obtain cuttings of “the tree. The height of the
tree to the first branch is 5*4 m. The nearly «urs acl branches pre-
vented my measuring See total height, whic may about 8 m.;
circumference 1*5 m. at 0*5 m. from the ground."
Achilus siamensis.—In the present volume of the Bulletin, P. 39, a
description is given of a new scitamineous Riza under the above name ;
and at p. 122, in the notes on the plants figured in Baert Icones
Plantarum it is hinted that the flowers e dia and figured were
abnormal. xamination of some specimens of Cambodian origin,
communicated by the late Dr. H. Baillon, vogéthos with a re-examination
of the materials upon which Achilus was founded, leave no doubt that
such was i thé case, and that the plaut in question, as ihe y Dr.
Baillon, is a species of Globba, which is pis re-named Globba siam-
ensis, Hemsl. How far the figures i in the Jco ; Pla: pi um, p. 2
deviate from the normal condition of the padt c can only be deter ined
by a complete series of specim It is possible, howevee, that a part
of the apparent abnormality is fon to the imperfect and yonng condition
of the M ceret Still, abnormalities exist. On thi: point Dr.
Baillon wrot See
* Nous avons aai de cette plante. Sur bien des fleurs je vois
non seulement le tube que vous figurez, mais encore une corolle tres
gréle, à tube jaune fort tenu. Le labelle ne manque toujours. Seule-
ment, il est trés réduit en général."
With this he sends the specimens referred to above, incidimus one
perfect flower having a slender elongated corolla tube and the - fully
developed labellum and lateral staminodia of a normal Globba. Whether
the Cambodian plant is specifically the same as the one from Siam is
uncertain, but there are differences which cau only be correctly apprs'sed
by comparison with perfect specimens of the latter.
Ferula alliacea.—Mr. F. W. Burbidge, FLS. Curator of Trinity
College Botanic Gar den, Dublin, bas pr esented specimens, photographs,
and water-colour sketches Ai am a plant cultivated in that garden
under the above name. ar the very imperfect authentic speci-
men of Ferula alliacea, i. „in the Herbarium goes, it agrees with
the cultivated plant ; and Boissier's description of the foli: age confirms
the view that this is its correct name. It is true that there are dis-
crepancies between the description of the fruit aud what is actually
.. found; but Ere may perhaps be aecounted for by the fact that sections
: the f t present very different a at different ages, so
dud arances t ag
ET different indeed that i in the absence of direct confirmatory evidence one
205
€ doubt their having been taken from a plant of the same genus.
ould Mr. Burbidge succeed in obtaining quite ripe. fruit, the plant
wil be fully illustrated in Hooker’s Icones Plantarum. It is believed
to be one of several species that yield the asafcetida of commerce.
Donn's Hortus Cantabrigiensis.—Spencer G. Perceval, Esq., of
Bristol, has presented a handsome copy of ‘the sixth edition of this
work, of which the first edition appeared in 1796, and the thirteenth and
last is 1845. The first seven editions por edited b eap phen v
successive editions were edited by F. Pursh (the author of t
merice Septentrionalis), John Li indie, George Sinclair, fry Rp. N.
Don. The first edition is still wanting at Kew
ature-Printing of Plants.—Since the note at p. 157 on Kniphof's
Herbarium Vivum was published it has been possible to examine
another copy of the work in question, an also Brükmann's ‘etter, there
referred to, on nature-printing; both in the library of the Botanical
Dééartuedt of the British Museum. "n appears that Kuiphot
was issued with coloured figures ; the pict. in Pritzel's description having
been overlooked. With regard to the discoverer of the art of nature-
printing, Briikmunn (1733) states he remembered hearing that it was
invented by Sherard and introduced from England into Germany i in the
preceding century. But a manuscript vote in the copy of Brükmann's
letter consulted, refers to Spiegel's Zsagoges in Rem Herbarium (1606)
where the process is described, so that neither of the cem Sherards
could have been the inveutor. In all probability a-process
printing was employed by amateurs years before any published work
was issued.
Kew and the Colonies—The following speech was delivered by the
Marquis of Ripon, K.G., late Secretary of State for th» Colonies, at the
Anniversary Dinner of the Linnean Societ ty on the 24
last :—
* I have to thank you se heartily for the reception you have given
to the toast and also to my name. ir Hugh Low has said that I have
long been a Fellow of this Society, and I am not quite sure that I am
not one of the oldest Fellows of this Society, because I am pretty old in
age myself, and I became a Fellow of the Linnean Society when I was
a very juvenile youth indeed. I therefore suspect Ó — are per-
haps not very many members of the Society who have been longer in it
than myself. But that recalls to my recollection, Eie i fact that I
ave been for many years a is esse J member ; ve been
and I hav
— of this Society as to ‘te totally if tures to y ou in ie capacity
ofa F
“ But it bas been a great pleasure to me that this losst has been pro-
posed by Sir Hugh Low. He spoke in such singular, and I was going
to say such misplaced, modesty of himself in Tope the toast, that
you, who do not know so much about his career as I do, would be sur-
prised to learn that he had been a most distinguished’ publie servant.
206
During that career he has done most excellent work as an adminis-
trator. I also — to think that he has considerably underrated his
services to scien
* Now, witb regard to the Colonies and to their connexion with science
‘their special attention to botany, have done great rvice in many- Abs
tothe Colonies ; and the importance of botanical science and all it can
do to secure and promote prosperity in different regions has become, I
‘am glad to say, much more ee in public ee in these
‘days than it used to be. Sir Hugh Low has spoken in most just terms
of services which have been rendered to the rmt aa by Kew.
I think my friend Mr. Thiselton Dyer will not contradict me when I
say that he has more to do with the Colonial Office | ie with any other
public department, and I was very glad to learn from him recently that
che found the mode in which we transact our business in that epart-
ment not unworthy of his praise. Great work has been done and is
being done, mainly through the exertions of Mr. Thiselton Dyer and
Mr. Morris and his assistants, to aid the Colonies in the ees
-of new plants, and in the development and cultivation of tho
naturally = elong to them. In all directions this is the case to
-day. On the West Coast of Africa at the present moment it is
being rens E is only, you may ays the Lage genus but a: isa
commencement which is very satisfactory in its progress an its
results up to the present time, and which I hope may deyslope.. Qu
largely in the future. Then, again, we all know that in the Wes
Indies great work has been done by those men—men, most of and
ought to say, who have been sent out from Kew to those Colonies: In
Jamaica there is the fruit cultivation, which has become every da
important, and Sur only requires the establishment of further ja of
steamers betw n Jamaica and the United States to develope a still
>
great works which has been undertaken td Kew is to educate the
Colonies to recognise the nature of their various dire products, and
the advantage of introducing new products. But when you come to
introduce new products you encounter difficulties, There are cultivators
of ther old sort oie ose ti is are dying out, and whose particular
great Dependency of which I once had the honour of being the head, in
dndia. The great development in India of tea and cinchona as been
of the most valuable kind. With regard io tea, look at ius and
Ceylon and see what has been done of late years. I have had some
statistics placed before me which show that whereas, not much more
than 10 years ago— possibly a little longer—the China tea was 66
. of the w. consumed in the United Kingdom, it is now only
ak n — and its pun has been taken by teas from India and
207
"rong (hear, hear), and that vast trade which has been so created has
xertions of men of science, and of those who have gone
poe frin Kew for the purpose of developing and encouraging that
cultivation. Take, again, the case of cinchona. My friend Sir Hagh Low
and those who have been in those hot climates know there is nothing l
which preserves the d under trying circumstances more than that.
most agen d ne. The development of the cinchona plant
has b e ye
all events, while it might be within the reach of the richer European
there, it was altogether out of the reach of the native population. Now
I understand that in Bengal, since I left India, you can get at any post-
office five grains of quinine for less than a farthing. (Applause). I know
my taste for quinine developed so much in those OD that I bave not.
quite given it up since, and by its means I have kept the influenza at
bay in these bad times. I feel, ite m very RW to these who have
developed its cultivation.
“Thad a curious proof the other day of the way in which planis of
great value may be but little known to those who do not cultivate
science, or are not engaged in those industries in which these plants
are e mplo yed. I rece eived a deputation from Leeds. Though most of
you probably think only of Leeds i an important place for the produc-
tion of cloth, yet there is a great leather trade in Leeds besides, an
to increase the production of Gambier. They told me that they could
not get on without it, that it was absolutely essential to their industry,
and that it came shipped to them from Singapore. I believe the
re bu
had never heard of Gambier. I knew nothing about it. I had placed
in my hands some most interesting reports of Mr. Ridley (whose name
you have mentioned) about it, and I have written to the Governor of
the place to see what can be "done to increase the production and to
improve the packing of the eene in that country, and the tra nsmis-
sion o ol it to pns gone The a proof, gentlemen, of the man
various ways, o wiih a are oet little known indeed to this
country, in wiih: Hesiod science especially may. be of value to the
populations of our various
“ I suppose, in epe of the Colonial development of other European
countries which is going on so rapidly at the present time, that the
British Empire will show a larger amount 4 various climates, of greater
variety of flora and fauna, perhaps, than any other country in the world,
and to say that is only to show how valuable a society of this kind
must be, and how very unwise it would be for any man who has charge
to the utmost of his RON (hee hear at I can assure
is my inclination. But ust remember that when the rupee will
rod, and ought to be taken away er that sent it, rather than
by taking scientific means of getting dà w it, difficuti e
insurmountable 2 Colonial Secreta here were days when
Colonial Secretaries were very werful end despotic. I am bound
to say théy tanii} got the Colonies into hot water, and kept them
there during their term of office, and when one man went out another =
208
kind of hot water was introduced by the next man. But it is not so
much the case now, and I hope there is a better understanding than there
was; but if so, it comes from our having been muc ch more careful and
considerate in ‘dealing with the Colonists and even with their prejudices,
Therefore you should never be hard vpon the dS ri te Colon
Secretary. All I can say is, that I shall endeavour in that office to
discharge the prcper duties of a Fellow of the Linnean Society, and I
know that I shall receive from the Institution at Kew the most BARAR
assistance in that undertaking. (Applause.)”
-hemp Plants.— There are numerous varieties of Mus
textilis 'yietitg the Manila-hemp of commerce. The two better kinds
are known in the Philippines as lanoot betul and lanoot batang. The
stems of the latter are said to yield as much as one catty (about 14 Ibs.)
per stem. Great stress is laid on the fact that Manila plants can only
; AW Herald, 1 Feb
1894, states kie = AINE less than a well distributed rain-fall of four
"or five inches per month will stop their growth . . . even in the
: and preparation of Man
fully discussed in the Kew Bulletin, 1887, April, pp. 1—4, and 1894,
pp. 289-291 (with plate). Recently an interesting article with illustra-
tions showing how the fibre is prepared appeared in the Bulletin of the
Colonial Museum at Haarlem for March, 1895. It is stated that all the
fibre aps at iiber is Se ared by hand. Machines have often
cleaning methods. The enormous development which has taken place
' late years in the Manila-hemp eae may be gathered from the
fiet that while the ex ports were only 126,000 piculs in 1841, they had
increased in 1893 to 1,283,000 piculs. Manila-hemp is regarded as
Mauritius hemp, Phormium and Sansevieria. Manila-hemp, in fact,
governs the market in these commodities. Hitherto Manila-hemp plants
have not thriven on a large scale outside the Philippine Islands. The
Mr. William Stigand, Her Majesty’s Consul at Manila, who was good
h to obtain and forward to cae a case containing 47 suckers
* from a well-known grower.” These arrived in November last. They
yielded a number of strong healthy plante which so far promise to do
much better under eultivation than the previous plants, Of the new
sort it is intended to distribute a few to all the botanical establishments
in the ihe Indies and West Africa, where they will receive sp
attent =
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,
No. 105.] SEPTEMBER. [1895.
CCCCLXXIV.—TROPICAL FODDER GRASSES—
(continued).
An account x tropical fodder grasses was given in the Kew Bulletin,
1894, pp. 373-387. The information contained in it has been repro-
duced in many colonies, ane onrem weh a long-felt want. In
d tiv E the Copic parts of the
Old World, but now quite a sey in "the West Indies. The history
of its introduction is not known. In Duthie’s Fodder Grasses of
Northern India it is thus described :—
“ A pertusus, Willd. Perennial. Stems creeping at the base, erect
above, bearded at the nodes, is grass, which is met with all over the
plains of Northern India, is universally esteemed as a good fodder grass,
both for grazing and stacking. In Australia also it is highly valued,
being regarded as one of the best grasses to stand long droughts, while
it will bear any amount of oe It is useful also as a winter grass
if the weather is not too sev
In Watt’s Dictionary of di ae Products of India, Vol. I.,
p. 249, Dr. Stewart is quoted as follows
“Tt is considered sp age fodder for Sais &c., and for horses
when green.” While Mr. Coldstream, of Hissar, adds :—‘
stacking, will remain for 12 or 13 ee ; much stacked at du Hissar
farm. Is especially grazed by buffaloe:
Dr. Voelcker in Zmprovement ig Indian Agriculture (1893), p. 173,
speaks of the same grass as follow
* Unless where distant forests are concerned, or where ‘ reserves’ are
sufficiently large to permit of grazing, I am in favour of grass being cut
and removed rather than of its being fed off by stock. At rukh Jelleke
(near Changa Manga) the people pay 1 rupee for the privilege of cutting
and removing one head- load of grass each day during one month. At
the Etawah ‘reserve’ the grass is cut by a contractor, and is sold on
the spot for 1 anna per head-load of about 100 Ibs. ; this is sold at 2
U sees. 1875,—9/95, Wt, 308, A
a
210
annas in the village, and the price in Cawnpore is 6 annas. The
grass is principally ‘palwa’? (Andropogon pertusus) a good feeding
grass.”
The success of this grass in Barbados is y^ marked as to attract
general attention. Mr. 'Q. A. Barber, F.L.S., late Superintendent of
cid in the Leewerd Islands, in Bulletin XXXIL, p. 168,
- edm E ance of tlie pastures in Barbados calls to mind more than
anything I can remember in the tropics that of the English hay fields.
The grass is dan and bright in colour. It is either grazed or regu-
larly cut, and made into * hay ' for the cattle, or fed to them mixed with
a little molasses and oil-cake. The grass universally used is the * Sour
grass.’ This grass has been successfully introduced to the island of Nevis
by the Hon. Joseph Briggs, where there are several fine fields of it
already now For dry limestone soils this grass should prove of
great valu
Mr. Bovell's account of Sour grass in Barbados is as follows :—
“'The ‘Sour. ' is the chief fodder grass of this island, where it is
cultivated almost to the exclusion of all others. In the dot districts
and o
food for the animals employed on the sugar estates. If cut shortly
after it flowers, just as the fruit is setting, it forms valuable food for —
horses, cattle, and mules, who — seem to eat it with relish ; but if it
is allowed to get over-ripe the stems become hard and unpalatable, the
animals then only eating the sat and tender parts unless it is ¢
up and. given them with the addition of oil-cake and molasses It is
propagated by root cuttings, the cuttings being placed in holes about
one foot apart each way, when it soon spreads, covering the whcle
surface of the land. It goes on ratooning for r years, giving two,
and sometimes three, cuttings annually. e yield varies with the soil,
rainfall, and manurial treatment, but the average yield, without manure,
may be set down from 5 to 7 tons per acre per annum; with the appli-
cation of manure the yield i is greatly increased, an acre ‘then giving from.
10 to 12 fn ns of fodder yearly. Until recently an acre of fairly go
unmanured Sour grass was worth 3/. for the first cutting and 2/. for the
second, the PE. paying cost of cutting and loading; lately, how-
ever, owing to o the depreciation of the value of land, due to the fall in
the price of sugar, an aere of Sour grass may be purchased for from 2/.
to 4l. per acre for the two cuttings.’
The second of the fodder grasses of Barbados is the ** Hay-grass,"
. Bouteloua juncifolia, Lag. (B. litigiosa, Lag.), a native of the West
Indi 1 Ameri It i i
: Grisebac
(Flora of the British West Indian Islands, p. 537). It is found in
_ Jamaica in the southern sandy districts, and is evidently a plant which
_ thrives in hot dry ves It has nct hitherto been regarded as valuable
: : for fodder pur rposes
Mr, Bovell's account of it is as follows :—
> Ute e Cannes tae im —A pasture grass growing in Barbados,
ine ing, lands near the sea coast, where it affords
rainy while. it is
211
in the dry season it dies down, and the cattle would then starve had
they nothing else x subsist on, In Barbados it is customary for those
ns who rear cattle on the lands on which this grass is found, to
take them to the payed kein in the dry season, where the are fed on
the tops of the sugar canes, which are at that time plentiful."
CCCCLXXV.—DIAGNOSES AFRICANA, VII.
( Continued from p. 153.)
The plants described below are the ieee novelties of the hers
of Somali-land plants briefiy referred to in the current volume of th
Bulletin, p. 158. Most of the plants were ee by Miss Edith Cole
and Mrs, Lort Phillips, but these ladies were assisted by Mr. E. Lort
Phillips, the leader of the expedition, and the other members of the
ES Ys
party, Messrs. G. Aylmer and F. G. Gunnis, as well as by their
native attendants, MAN one Egga Nelayia. The country botanised
ies immediately s th of Berbera, extending to the Golis range of
mountains, which rises to an altitude of 5900 feet; and it was here
where the majority of the plants was collected. In this part the
vegetation is luxuriant and varied, and there is evidently yet a rich field
for the explorer. From a series of photographs brought home by the
party, it is evident that the country in many places is covered wit
forest, the scenery is both curious and attractive, and the
generally is by no means of the desert character commonly assumed
The present senna dyes d host t 350 species, of which i: including
three new gen ously undescribed, Among the new
generic types Cy vem Pirna) | is the most RO ds rthy.
It is distineutched by a eA remarkable calyx, which is divided eA
the median plane, almost to the base, = two equal x orm-orbic
segments. Among the living plants and bulbs bro
part are KIM novelties, ineluding one or two anaes of Eulophia, of
which ‘hee e dried inflorescences. ‘These will be described when
they flo
257. Farsetia longistyla, Baker [ Cruciferz]; annua, e basi ramosissima,
caulibus gracilibus pilis albis adpressis strigosis, foliis Regin remotis
subsessilibus linearibus integris utrinque dense al albo- is, racemis
laxissimis paucifloris, pedicellis brevibus sscendentibus. di a 'sepalis
oblongis strigosis, * ruis m limbo parvo oblongo purpureo, fructu
lineari plano paree strigoso, valvis aiiai aceis nervo centrali obscuro
menia stylo KANS seminibus orbieularibus distincte alatis. —
Habitat —Somali-land : Goetten, Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort
Phillips. ;
Caulis sesquipedalis. Folia inferiora, 1j-2 poll. longa. Sepala
2 lin. longa. Fructus 9-12 lin. longus, 2 lin. latus. Stylus 2 lin.
lo com
stenoptera, Hochst, (F. PUN Jaub. et Spach)
Differs "E its stole er flowers and longer style.
. Polygala somaliensis, Baker [Polygalacew]; perennis, glabra,
enti firmis viridibus virgatis, foliis sparsis subsessilibus lanceolatis
AX
212
acutis firmis uninerviis, racemis paucis multifloris laxis omnibus
laterali braeteis minutis caducis lanceolatis, sepalis étidorbds
viridibus anastomosantibus, petalis albis sepalis interioribus zquilongis,
fructu suborbiculari-compresso.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range at Dara-as, Miss Edith Cole.
Folia cm 9-12 lin. longa. Sepala exteriora 1À lin. longa,
interiora 3} lin. longa.
Nearly allied to P, Fischeri, Gürke.
259. Arenaria vestita, Baker Mod ea ae perennis, e basi
ramosissima, pane oe diffusis gracilibus dense glanduloso-pubescentibus,
foliis remotis sessilibus linearibus acutis rma floribus in cymas
xas terminales dispositis, pedicellis elongatis, sepalis lanceolatis
pubescentibus, petalis oblongis acutis rubellis sepalis equilongit,
Spee petalis brevioribus antheris parvis oblongis, ovario globos
—Somali-land : die range near Dara-as, alt. 5000 ft., Ms
Edith ( Cole, Mrs. Lort Phill
Folia 6-9 lin. longa, Sepala et petale 2 lin. longa.
260. A molle, Baker [Malvacex]; Brutieonity. oo pilis
stellatis ole dense ar ites rages petiolatis cordato m
cuspidatis argute denta e dense molliter ploen panek
paniculas laxas aisiak dpud pedicellis erecto- patentibus, dH
ovatis dense pilosis, petalis oblongis aurantiacis calyce triplo longioribus,
carpellis 10 dorm apice minute cuspidatis ab axi demum secedentibus
secus dorsum
Habita cba land: plains below the Golis range, Miss Edith
ped = Lort Phillips
2-4 cem is. n olia m Pu longa et lata. Sepala 2 lin.
eae Pike la 6 lin. longa. lla fructifera 4 lin. longa.
Allied to .4. jritiante, Saal * Foi
261. Hibiscus argutus, Baker [Malvaceæ]; suffruticosus, ramulis
virgatis lignosis pilis adpressis albidis strigosis, foliis breviter petiolatis
ovatis, ab oblongis coccineis calyce 6-plo longioribus, staminibus
Le paulo brevioribus antheris sifetionis luteis, stylis 5 elongatis patulis,
stigmate capitato
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia inferiora 12-18 lin. longa. Calyculi bractew 3-4 lin. longs.
Sepala 14 lin. longa. Petala 9-10 lin. longa. Fructus ignotus.
Near HM. micranthus, L. & H. crassinervius, Hochst.
»
262. Turræa lycioides, Baker [Meliacew] ; fruticosa, ramulis lignosis
€ sürsum pubescen inel € — minutis oblanceolatis
btusis in bcoriac. rinque ure strigosis sepe ad nodos
fascieulatis, fioritha sierras ctii | breviter pedunculatis, calycis
_ pilosi tubo campanulato lobis parvis ovatis, petalis ligulatis calyce
. 6-8-plo longioribus, tubo filamentorum cylindrico petalis vix Prades
antheris. ovatis ad faucem tubi sessilibus, stylo protruso apice stigmatoso
213
Habitat. pus: Golis range at Dooloob, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. Lort Phillip
Folia majora de lin. longa, Calyx 4 lin, longus, Petala 3-4 is.
ga.
263. Rhus myriantha, Baker [Anacardiacex] ; arborea, ra mulis
glabris, foliis petiolatis uM trifoliolatis rigide coriaceis Poco
foliolis oblongis obtusis integris penninerviis venulis. primariis arcuatis
ad marginem parallelis, foliolo centrali majore ad basin attenuato
lateralibus inzquilateralibus, floribus in MEAE gin amplam terminalem
ramulis compositis dispositis, pedicellis brevibus, bracteis ovatis minutis,
sepalis ovatis parvis, fructu globoso nitido nonospermo.
Habitat.—Somali-land: Golis range at Woob, Mrs. Lort Phillips,
Foliolum terminale 3-34 poll. longum, a mes latum, Panicula
pedalis, 9-10 poll, diam. Fr “ore 2 lin. dia
64. Lupinus somaliensis, Baker [Leguminosae]; perennis, ramulis
dense pubescentibus, folis longe petiolatis, „stipulis setaceis magnis
pubescentibus, foliolis 9-13 oblanceolatis obtusis minute cuspidatis facie
viridibus glabris dorso molliter albo-pilosis, racemis multifloris superne
densis, pedicellis brevibus erecto-patentibus, bracteis parvis dense pubes-
centibus, calycis dense molliter pilosi tubo brevissimo dentibus longis
lanceolatis, petalis saturate cceruleis glabris calyce eie ae ipeo
vexillo orbieulari, ovario cylindrico pubescente multiovulat
Habitat.—Somali-land : rocks cei reete Golis range, alt. 5000
ft., Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort Phi
Foli olum centrale 2 poll. longum, “44 lin. latum. Calyx 6 lin.
longus, Corolla 9 lin. longa. Vexillum 6 lin. latum. Fructus ignotus.
Near L. varius and L. pilosus, Linn.
UP oem Phillipsie, Baker Eo Sao HE oe ramulis
gr Sooo ree adpresse apr: stipulis cis, ti
trifoliolatis facio Vienn glab ris fetis adpresse pilosis, foliulis sub-
sessilibus obovatis obtusis basi racemis laxis longe peduneulatis
terminalibus et iillkribus, podieellis birvi, bracteis subulatis minutis,
calycis pubescentis tubo campanu ulato de ntibus lanceolatis vel deltoideis
tubo æquilongis, petalis luteis glabris calyce duplo longioribus, vexillo
vato venis nigris multis percurso, ovario cylindrico multiovulato.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range at Dara-as, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Foljola 8-10 lin. longa et lata. Calyx 3 lin. longus, Petala 6 lin,
longa. Fructus ignotus.
66. Crotalaria aurantiaca, Baker [Leguminos] ; fruticosa, ramulis
glabris, stipulis minutis eed petiolo elongato, foliis trifoliolatis
^ ily
glabri tubo campanulato dentibus lanceolatis tubo æquilongis, petalis
agnis a glabris, ovario cylindrico gisto multiovulato, stylo
rants vato.
B
Habitat.—Somali-land ; Golis range at Hammar, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. pe Phillips.
214
Foliola 12-18 lin. longa, 3 lin. lata. Petioli interdum 3-4 poll.
longi. Calyx 3linlongus. Petala Eee: vexillum 9-10 lin. latum.
Stylus 6-7 lin. longus. Fructus ignotu ;
Near C. intermedia, Kotschy.
267. Crotalaria leucoclada, Baker | Leguminosee] ; fruticosa, ramulis
lignosis dense persistenter albo-incanis, stipulis minutis lanceolatis
pubescentibus deciduis, foliis longe petiolatis trifoliolatis utrinque viridi-
bus obscure pubescentibus foliolis lineari-oblongis obtusis minute emar-
inati: attenuatis, floribus in racemos multifloros subdensos termina-
ispositis, dicellis erecto- -patentibus ineanis calyci æquilongis,
bracteis minutis lanceolatis, calycis pubescentis tubo brevi campanulato
dentibus lanceolatis vel lanceolato-deltoideis tubo longioribus, petalis
aurantiacis glabris calyce. 2-3-plo poum vexillo obovato, carina
Alis paulo longioré, ovario cylindrico bs ubescente multiovulato, stylo
elongato curvato glabro deorsum applan
Habitat, —Somali-land: Golis range, alt. 3000 ft, Mrs. Lort
Phillips
Foliolum terminale 9-12 lin. longum, 4 ie Jatam, Calyx 3 lin.
longus. Pet ale © 7 Hie fone Fructus igno
Near C. , DC.
268. Indigofera , tritoides, Baker [Legumi inosm] ; herbacea, pusnis,
ubique persistenter albo-incana, caulibus primariis patulis ramosissimis,
ramulis erecto- patentibus, stipulis lanceolatis persistentibus, foliis
brevissime petiolatis digitatim trifoliolatis firmulis utrinque albo-
s foliolis oblanceolatis minute cuspidatis obscure petiolulatis e
medio ad basin sensim attenuatis, racemis axillaribus densis a
Maui, pedicellis ealyei mquilongis, bracteis lanceolatis pilosi
calycis dense albo-strigosi tubo campanulato dentibus deltoideis iab
wequilongis, petalis rubellis glabris calyce 2-3-plo longioribus, ovario
lineari multiovulato,
Habitat.—Somali-land: Golis range, near Dara-as, Miss Edith
Cole.
Foliola 6-9 lin. longa, 11-2 lin. lata. Calyx vix 1} lin. longus,
etala 3 lin. longa. Fructus ignotus.
No other species with digitately res leaves is known in
Tropical Africa, but there are several at the Ca
269. Crassula Coles, Baker [Crassulaces]; annua, erecta, e bas
.. ramosa, caulibus brevibus fragilibus dense pubescentibus, foliis Semilibin
' oblongis acutis integris basi "euneatis carnosis utrinque viridibus dense
pubescentibus, cymis laxis paucifloris terminalibus, pedicellis erectis
elongatis pubescentibus, floribus pentameris, sepalis ereetis pubescentibus
lanceolatis basi coalitis, petalis oblongis rubellis calyce paulo longioribus,
staminibus petalis paulo brevioribus, 'earpellis demum petalis wequilongis,
Stylis brevibus erectis, seminibus oblongis hrunneis.
. Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, near Dara-as, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. Lort Phillips.
— Folia inferiora 9-12 lin. longa, 3-4 lin. lata. Calyx 1j lin. longus.
Petala 2 lin. longa.
c NM. 0. Kalanchoe somaliensis, Baker [Character]: pects ene
glabes caulé erecto stricto elongato, foliis crassis sessilibus inferioribus -
215
obovato-cuneatis crenatis utrinque viridibus brunneo-marmoratis super-
ioribus lanceolatis parvis, floribus in paniculam laxam cory
terminalem dispositis, pedicellis perpen erectis, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis
iberis, eorolle alb» tubo cylindric co elongato basi ventrieoso lobis
patulis ovato-lanceolatis, genitalibus in tubo inelusis
Habitat. Philip E , Golis range, near Wardie, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. Lort Phi
Folia ee aa poll. longa, 12-15 lin. lata. Sepala 3 did (odes
Corolle tubus 3-31 poll. M basi 3-4 lin. diam.; lobi 6 lin.
longi
. Near the Abyssinian K. marmorata, Baker (K. grandiflora, A. Rich.
non W. & A.). : :
. Momordica diss ecta, Baker [Cucurbitacem]; perennis, e basi
Tii e "caulibus gracilibus glabris patulis, eirrhis parvis gracillimis
simplicibus, foliis brevissime petiolatis deltoideis bipinnatis lobis lanceo-
atis vel oblo ongis basi attenuatis, floribus masculis lateralibus pedun®
culatis scepissime solitariis, bracteis orbicularibus viridibus persistentibus
floribus in axillis anlar a libus, ealycis lobis deltoideis tubo
eampanulato :equilongis, olle luteæ basi atropurpureæ lobis
obovatis, floribus femineis Peras ignotis.
Habit
Mrs. Lort Phi
. Folia 12-18 lin. longa et lata, lobis 1l- 3 A latis. Bractee 6 lin.
late. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolla pollica
Nearly allied to M. cissampeloides, Klotzsch
at.—Somali-land : Golis range at Djedainio, Miss Edith Cole,
lips.
tas gla mueren Baker. [Rubiaceæ] ; da —
ioribus
ride ti du ip
gar membranaceis tonite acutis biivitet petiolatis: ad pa iine
I
uatis utrinque viridibus facie glabris dorso obscure cee |
A TM dor
floribt apices ramulo aucis aggregatis, ovario - calycis
lobis lanceolatis foliaceis, corollæ rubellæ t elongato "eylindrico
lobis patulis oblongis, antheris ex tubo protrusis.
Habitat-—Somali-land: Golis range, Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort
Phillips
Folia majora 2 poll. longa, medio 8-9 lin. lata. Calycis lobi 2 lin.
longi. Corolle tubus pollicaris ; ; lobi 4 lin. longi.
Divers mainly from P. pauciflora by its smaller more numerous
flowers
floribus ad apices ramulorum solitariis ve ahem ovario oblongo, or
lobis magnis lanceolatis "foliaceis pubescentibus, corolle alb: tubo
eylindrico elongato, limbi lobis 5 parv vis oblongis, staminibus in tubo
incluso, stylo protruso ramis cylindricis
Habitat —Somali-land: Golis range, near Goetten, Miss Edith
0 le.
Folia majora 2-3 poll. longa, 12-15 lin. lata. Calycis lobi 5 nn
longi. Corolle tubus 21-8 poll. longus; lobi 3 lin. longi.
216
274. Oldenlandia rotata, Baker [Rubiaces | ; perennis, caulibus erectis
strietis virgatis glabris, foliis in verticillis more Galii congestis sessili-
bus linearibus uninerviis patulis rigidulis glabris, floribus axillaribus
fbdusedlatis solitariis vel pice: ovario oblongo, calycis lobis 4 lineari
subulatis ovario longioribus, coroll» alba tubo “eylin rico elongato lobis
4 patulis oblongo-lanceolatis, eciboris ex tubo brevissime protru sis.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort
Phillips.
Folia 12-18 lin. longa, j-1 lin. lata. Ee em lobi 13-2 lin. longi.
Corolle tubus 18 lin. longus; lobi 4 lin. 1
Combines the habit of a Galium e “tis floral structure of an
Oldenlandia
275. Vernonia amplexicaulis, Baker Bees aie fe ee ramu-
lis persistenter albo-incanis, foliis tenuibus eren S facie viridibus
obscure pubescentibus dorso dense pubescentibus eperen- albo-incanis
superioribus d amplexicaulibus | inferioribus irren
obtusis, petiolo ad basin anguste alato, capitulis
terminalibus corymbosis, pedunculis elongatis nudis disini;
involucro campanulato bracteis lineari-subulatis multiseriatis dense
Lees intimis exceptis squarrosis, achænio angulato pubescente, pappi
is albidis corolla tubo zequilongis.
prévoit : Golis range, Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort
Phillips
Folia infiflora 2-3 poll. longa, IJnvolucrum 6 lin. diam. Pappus
2 lin. longus
. Vernonia gomphophylla, Baker [Composite]; fruticosa, ramo-
Teal ramulis lignosis albo-incanis, foliis alternis vel fasciculatis parvis
obovatis integris emarginatis vel minute cuspidatis facie tenuiter dorso
dense albo-incanis, capitulis paucis terminalibus umbellatis vel corym-
bosi dicellis pubescentibus erectis involucro longioribus, involucro
camp: anulato multifloro bracteis pauciseriatis ne eine exterioribus ovatis
anheanin
pappi setis firmulis albis corolle tubo aequilongis.; ^
eiie —Somali-land: Golis range, Miss Edith Cole.
a 4-6 lin. longa. Jnvolucrum, 2 lin. diam., 1} lin, longum
Php, 14 lin. longus.
Near the South Arabian V, atriplicifolia, Jaub. et Spach.
277. Vernonia cryptocephala, Baker [Composite] ; frutex parvus,
ramulis dense persistenter albo-incanis, foliis sessilibus linearibus rigidis
uninerviis confertis ascendentibus utrinque persistenter albo-incanis,
enis multifloris ad apices ramulorum sessilibus foliis sub-
i iati essis rigidis
mere pappi setis albis rigidulis tubo corollze sequilongis.
at.—Somali-land : i. range, ut Dara-as, alt. 5000 ft., Miss
San Cola, Mrs. Lort Phi
Folia 6-8 lin. longa, 1 emn Involucrum 5-6 lin. diam. Pappus
. lin. longus.
; 278. mif subi ylmeri, Baker [Composite]; fruticosa, - ram
e sima, ram PH pubescentibus, folis distincte petiolatis ovatis
217
profunde irregulariter crenatis utrinque viridibus pubescentibus, capitulis
terminalibus. solitarii is vel pa ucis corymbosis, involucro cam
elongatis linearibus pilosis, floribus omnibus
discoideis hermaphroditis, corollæ luteæ tubo cylindrico lobis minutis
ovatis, achænio pubescente, pappi setis corollæ tubo æquilongis.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Daimolek peak, alt. 4000 ft.,
P. V. Aylmer.
Mr. G.
Folia 4-6 lin. longa. Jnvolucrum 4 lin. longum, Pappus 3 lin,
ongus.
Near the Abyssinian P. podophylla, Jaub. et Spach.
279. Senecio basipinnatus, Baker [Composite] ; fruticosus, sarmen-
Poen. eh gracilibus glabris, foliis breviter petiolatis ovato-deltoideis
mbranaceis facie viridibus obscure pubescentibus dorso magis
piabescentibus dentibus inszqualibus deltoideis inferioribus majoribus
‘basi lyrato-pinnatis lobis basalibus quadratis, capitulis multifloris radiatis
in paniculam laxam terminalem ramis corymbosis dispositis, pedicellis
inute bracteatis ascendentibus vel cernuis, involucro cam panulato
leviter pubescente bracteis 10-12 linearibus exterioribus paucis parvis
laxis, ligulis luteis involucro brevioribus, achznio glabro, pappo albo
flexili.
ica —Somali-land: Golis range, Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort
Phillip
Folia juices 2-3 poll. longa. Jnvolucrum 4 lin. diam. Pen
2 lin. longus
Nearly allied to S. deltoideus, Less.
280. Senecio (Kleinia) longipes, Baker [Composite]; caule crasso
cylindrico Mermi, foliis carnosis planis sessilibus oblongis acutis integris
glabris apice deltoideis ad basin angustatis, pedunculo stricto erecto ad
circiter 12 erectis lanceolatis æqualibus apice et margine membranaceis
dorso conspicue suleatis, floribus fulvis, eoroll:e lobis lanceolatis, achenio
cylindrico glabro, pappo albo flexili corolle tubo zquilongo.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis d Miss Edith Cole.
Folia majora 4-5 poll. longa, 1 3 poll lata. Pedunculus pedalis et
ultra. Znvolucrum 6-8 dia am., bracteis 5-6 lin. longis. Corolle
tubus 5-6 lin. longus; lobi 1 lin. lon ngi.
t.
5
281. Senecio (Kleinia) Gunnisii, Baker [Composite]; caule
erasso cylitidrico subdecumbente acu uleis parvis conicis albidis armato,
folis nullis, k recone JOUDOOSpUARN grac acili bu as brevibus ` nudis,
capitulis solita lan ots bien
10-12 esa nus equalibus erectis, foribus fulvis, achzenio a
glabro, pappo albo ae corollæ tubo wquilongo.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis dd in dry sandy rocky ground,
Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. pie Philli
Caulis 4-6 lin. diam. Pokai 2-3 poll longi. Zwvolucrum
6 lin. diam., bracteis 8-9 lin. longis. Pappus 8 lin, longus.
cellus cryptocephalus, Baker [Composite] ; perennis,
cine er bre foliatis, foliis sessilibus lanceolatis rigidis ascendentibus
218
spinis stramineis duris erecto-patentibus armatis apice pungentibus,
capitulis magnis a , Apic ces ramı uloru Im ses essilibus solitariis foliis
lti bracteis peres pa rigidis
adpressis interioribus linesribus exterioribus infra magnam
pungentem obtusis, pappi setis spoke mollibus i setti plumosis
exterioribus brevioribus lanceolatis cu
Habiiat.—Somali-land : Golis Fide diis. Lort Phillips.
. Folia inferiora 2 poll. longa, 2 lin. lata. Jnvolucrum 6 lin. diam.
Pappus, 6 lin. longus.
Adds this Mediterranean and Oriental genus to the Tropical African
flora. . :
283. Centaurea (Microlonchus) Aylmeri, Baker, [Composite | ;
rigidis "ge viridibus apice nigris acutis exterioribus ovatis intimis
im dh corollis pallide rubris tubo eylindrico lobis linearibus, achzenio
pes pi paleis multis linearibus obtusis nchzenio longioribus
tt Somali- Golis range, alt. 5000 ft., Mrs. Lort Phillips,
Ps G. CP. Ayl
. Folia basalia ele poll. longa. IJnvolucrum, 8 lin. diam., bitdoteis
intimis 8-9 lin. longis. Flores exteriores 1 poll. longi. Pappus 2 lin
gus.
Near C. somaliensis, Oliver et Hiern, — *
284. Statice xipholepis, Baker | Plumbaginez] ; perennis, cæspitosa,
basi suffruticosa, foliis radicalibus parvis rigide coriaecis albidis obovatis
obtusis vel UU ges in petiolum sensim angustatis, perane ulo brevi
floribus 1-3-nis in spicis laxis panienlatis dispositis bracteis
xn M rvis ovatis centralibus oblongo-lanceolatis parion apibus
acuminatis dutis ERDAS interioribus lanceolatis margine scariosis,
calycis tubo cylindrico ore albo patulo scarioso dentibus 5 Boon lin
petalis parvis pow obtusis doi lilacin
Habitat.—Somali-land : Miss Editi. Cate: Mes Lort Phillips.
Folia cum petiolo 1} poll. longa, 3-4 lin. lata. Bractee centrales 4—41
lin. longe., Calycis tubus 2 lin, longus
Near S. macrorhabdos, Boiss. and S. Griffithii, Aitch. et. Hemsl.
. 285. Jasminum somaliense, Baker | Oleacex |; fruticosum, sarmentosum,
. ramulis sursum pubescentibus, foliis petiolatis trifoliolatis subcoriaceis
. utrinque viridibus glabris, foliolis petiolulatis ovatis apice deltoideis basi
i rotundatis, floribus in cymas eorymbosas multifloras terminales
is, pedicellis brevibus pubescentibus, bracteis parvis lencana atis,
yce pubescente tubo Rx ainsi ted dentibus deltoideis tubo brevioribus,
corolle tubo cylindrico ealyce 8-9 plo longiori, lobis 5-6 Oli éooldtó-
RIS. tubo distinete brevioribus, genitalibus in tubo inclusis.
| —Somali-land: Golis range at Dara-as, alt. 5000 ft., Miss
Edit € Cole, Mrs, Lort Phillips.
Foliola 12-18 lin. longa. Calyx 1 lin. longus. Corolle tubus 9 lin,
longus ; lobi 6 lin, longi.
Near J. mauritianum, Bojer and J. auriculatum, Vahl.
219
286. pa Phillipsie, N. Æ. Brown [Asclepiadem]; frutiec
ramosa, ramis incano- pesa ped lil linearibus acutis parce -
uberulis, umbellis e nodis lateralibus pedunculatis 5-6-floris, pedunculis
pedicellis bracteis linearibus acutis sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis incano-
pubescentibus, ven profunde 5-loba rotata lobis elliptico-ovatis acutis
glabris in uno margine ciliatis, coronz lobis paulo supra columns
staminum basin ‘stein et columns» apicem attingentibus complicatis
subquadratis angulis rotundatis cum dentibus faleatis denticulatis
abrupte reflexis ad angulos interiores intus ecornutis, folliculis lanceolatis
acuminatis parce setosis puberulis
Habitat. a «dst MU Mrs. Lort Phillips.
1-31 poll. a, i-i Un Pedunculi 5-7 lin. longi.
Brae æ 243-34 lin. Seine oes dice me lin. longi. Sepala 11-21
lin. longa. Cor oll lobi 3 lin. tbr 12 lin. lati. -Corone lobi 1 1-1}
lin. longi, 2 lin. la
7. Asclepias integra, V. E. Brown | Asclepiadem]; fruticosa ramosa,
ramis erectis albis pedunculis pedicellis sepalis corollis que extus albo-
tomentosis, foliis ascendentibus linearibus acutis mueronatis marginibus
Nes abra junioribus albo-tomentosis, umbellis e nodis lateralibus
peduneulatis 5-8-floris, sepalis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis acutis, corolla
profunde 5-loba lobis elliptico-ovatis subaeutis, coronz lobis ad basin
staminum columns vel paulo supra exortis et quam columna subduplo
longioribus erectis complicatis oblique ovato-oblongis integris apice
oblique rotundatis intus ecornutis, folliculis basi ov oils ciliata deinde
in yee longum attenuatis junioribus albo-tomentosis demum pruinosis
( vel glabratis ?), seminibus rugosis.
d : Adda Gallah, James ó hrupp ; Golis
Range, Mrs. Lort Phillips ; Hammar, Miss Edith Cote. Kilimanjaro :
Smith, Volkens 567 ; Lanjora, 2000 ft., Johnston
Frutex 4-5 ped. alta. Folia 23-6 poll. iagi, 1-1 lin. lata.
Pedunculi 3-1 poil. ri Pedicelli 6-10 lin. pe sepals 1-11
lin. longa, $-3 lin. lata. Corolle lobi 3--5 lin. 2-8 lin. lati.
Corona lobi 2-3 lin. longi, 11-2 lin. lati, Folliculi 125 poll, longi. -
The corolla appears to be of a serere or greenish-white, and
the corona brównish-ochre in the dried state
288. Caralluma Edithæ, AN. E. Brown [|Ascle pede: ramis
ustis erectis succulentis Sui pasate glabris angulis grosse
dentatis dentibus patentibus vel plus minusve retrorsis apice induratis,
umbellis terminalibus dolus 60-70- floris, bracteis parvis subulatis, -
pedicellis glabris, sepalis subulatis attenuatis apice revolutis glabris,
tubo brevi campanulato utrinque glabro lobis deltoideo-
ovatis acutis patentibus extus glabris intus tuberculato-rugosis Lia
ad apicem tantum penicillo pilorum instructis nec ciliatis, corona ext
eupulari 5-loba glabra lobis bifidis s para ate basi en deos
deinde areuato-divergentibus, corono gri s lobis linearibus obtusis
antheris incumbentibus coronis exterio E a frena glabris.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Miss pu Cole.
Rami 1 poll. crassi. Pedicelli : lin. rat Sepala 23-3 lin. longa.
Corolle lobi 2-2] lin, longi et lat orone exterioris lobi 1-3 lin,
longi ; corone interioris lobi } lin. e
A very fine speci very similar to T retrospiciens, N. E. Bro
but the corolla is PAADFOUN; with only a tuft of trembling hairs at ini
= 1} lin.
220
very apex ofthe lobes, and the corona is also quite glabrous; the
flowers are of a dark purple-brown,
289. Edithcolea, V. E. Brown [Asclepiadearum Stapeliearum genus
novum]. Calyx 5-partitus.’ Corolle tubus parvus; limbus magnus,
rotatus, 5-lobus, lobi valvati. Corona duplex, columnæ staminum
obi
lineares, apicibus triangulari-dilatis conniventibus echinulatis. Columna
taminea prope basin corolle affixa; anthere erecte, oblongs,
exappendiculate ; pollinia in quoque loculo solitaria, erecta, apice
pellucida. Stylus apice subcompressus, truncatus, brevissime bicorni-
culatis. Folliculos non vidii—Herha succulenta, ramosa, aphylla, caules
angulati, en deme spinoso-dentatis. Flores prope apicem ramorum
enati, pedicilla
This genus is "allied to Caralluma, but the very large corolla with a
relatively very small tube, and somewhat different corona, easily
distinguish it. :
Brown ; ramis basi decumbentibus pentagonis glabris
E. grandis, N. E.
angulis dentatis dentibus late deltoideis apice induratis es,
aniram
ovato-lanceolatis memet glabris, corolle tubo parvo Sings diat
ditis extusque glabro o ad oes elevato i h limbo maximo
plano vel patelliformi usque medium 5-lobo extus glabro intus in
disco concentrice lamellato-rugoso et lineis quinque radiantibus
e longorum clavato-ca itatorum munit o, lobis ovatis acutis vix
ugosis a pilis tenuibus clavatisque hirtis atque ciliatis, corone
aktoris lobis Maara transverse oblongis emarginato-bifidis
concavis intus hirtis, interioris erectis late linearibus basi gibbosis
apice triangulari- dilatis inflexo-conniventibus echinulatis glabris quam
columna staminum styloque multo longioribus.
tat.—Somali-land : yam Valley, about 3000 ft, Miss
Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort Phillip
Pedicelli 7-9 lin. longi, 11— iy lin. crassi. | Sepala 4 lin. longa, 1-11
lin. lata. Corolla 4-5 poll. diam., tubo 3 lin. longo ionan lobis 11-2
poll. longis, 1-1} poll. latis. Corone exterioris lobi X i-i lin. longi,
interioris lobi $ lin. longi.
Miss Cole states that the plant grows to about a foot =; — and
mas the n are decumbent at the base and very stout, being an
nch e in diaméter. The habit of the plant is piere like that
of Stapelia gigantea, N. E. Br.
290. — € vti qiiem Baker [Boraginez]; perenne,
caule basi lignoso ramosissimo, ramulis pilis albis hispidis adpressis
dense vestitis, fig. ee iy linearibus margine revolutis utrinque
dense albo-hispidis, | racemis laxis elongatis, bracteis lineari-subulatis
persistentibus, pedicellis brevibus erectis, sepalis escam “hispid,
corolla tubo cylindrico calyci equilongo intus dimidio super iore luteo-
piloso, lobis minimis orbieularibus patulis antheris glabris Fubvesilüdut
lineari-oblongis, stylo in tubo incluso.
— Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range at Hammar, Miss Edith Cole.
ser a inferiora 6-9 lin. longa. Calyx 1} lin. longus. Corolle limbus
Near py strigosum, Willa. :
221
291. Trichodesma stenosepalum, Baker | Boraginem]; suffruticosum,
corolla tubo brevi lobis lanceolatis acuminatis, antheris glabris appendi-
cibus rectis.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Miss Edith Cole.
Folia inferiora 5-6 lin. longa. Calyx 3 lin. longus. Corolla 4 lin,
longa.
Near 7. heliocharis, S. Moore.
292. Convolvulus sphzerophorus, Baker [Convolvulace»]; annua,
caulibus brevibus gracilibus patulis vel suberectis pubescentibus, foliis
inferioribus breviter petiolatis lineari-oblongis integris basi attenuatis
albo-pilosos aggregatis, sepalis lineari-oblongis, corolla late infundibulari
sepalis paulo longiore limbo patulo vix lobato, staminibus corolla paulo
brevioribus.
Habitat.—Somali-land: foot of Golis range, alt. 1200 ft, Miss
Edith Cole
Folia OMS 9-12 lin. longa, b ise 3-4 lin. longa. Sepala 2 lin.
longa. Corolle limbus 3 lin. dia
Near C. glomeratus, Choisy.
A „Convolvulus (Astrochlæna) Phillipsiæ, Baker [Convolvul aceæ) ;
pere rmen caulibus sterilibus pilis stellatis albidis dense
Posts (foliis late ovatis cordatis integris facie tenuiter dorso dense
u ova
incanis, corolle lilacinz tubo oblongo extus glabro limbo patulo obscure
lobato, genitalibus in tubo inclusis, staminibus inequalibus, stylo
grapes longioribus breviore lobis stigmatosis oblongis patulis.
—Somali-land: Golis range (the type and a variety with
short picis stems and smaller flowers), Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia majora 1} poll. longa et lata. Sepala 2-2} lin, longa. Corolle
limbus expansus 1 15 lin, diam. ; tubus 9 lin. longus.
Near C. malvaceus, Oliver and C. hyoscyamoides, Vatke.
294. Ipomoa (Orthipomea) cicatricosa, Baker Pe es i
; fruticosa, caulibus. argenteo-incanis | cicatricibus folioru
facie viridibus obscure canescentibus dorso rso pers —€— argenteo-in canis,
floribus sessilibus in axillis foliorum solitarii lis subaqualibus
lanceolatis dense albo-sericeis, corolle tubo pitied rubro-purpureo
sericeo limbo obscure lobato, staminibus corolla 3-4—plo
brevioribus.
abitat.—Somali-land: Golis range, Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort
Phillips. Adda Galla, James and Thrupp.
Folia 12-15 lin. longa, 8-9 lin. lata. Sepala 3 lin. longa. Corolla
18-21 lin, longa.
222
295. Ipomea (Strophipomea) Miesesepalo, Baker [Convolvulacez] ;
late volubilis, caulibus gracilibu s pubescentibus, foliis longe petiolatis
eordato-ovatis acuminatis membranaceis utrinque viridibus tenuiter
ntibus, floribus solitariis axillaribus breviter pedunculatis, sepalis
inequalibus membranaceis acutis pubescentibus exterioribus cordato-
ovatis, corolla tubo extus pubescente late ifundibulari calyce ier
longiore limbo patulo vix lobato, stylo corolla duplo breviore,
Habitat. Jo map Golis range at Dara-as, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs, Lort Phi ;
Folia majora T a pol longa, 21-3 poll. lata. Sepala 6-7 lin. longa.
Corolla 9 polt lon
Near J. decies Ker (Bot. Reg. tab, 437).
6. Verbascum (Lychnitis) somaliense, Baker LSevophularines) 3
Aa strieto "elato stellato-pubescente, foliis utrinque dense persistenter
albido-pannosis inferioribus majoribus petiolatis canis as crenu-
latis basi cune pre - Sport ie parvis sessilibus cordato-ovatis acutis
panicule ramis elongatis dense pubesce ntibus, floribus solitariis vel
lomeratis vetita vel brevissime podiceliata , bracteis ovatis acutis
foliaceis pannosia sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acutis "dense se pannosis, corolla
ute tubo ca ulato lobis orbicularibus tubo zquilongis, staminibus
EE iiber 4 reniformibus terminalibus, fruetu globoso piloso.
Habitat. —Somali-land : wc M Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort
Philips. Native e name, Dalam
Folia cipem 9-10 poll. a Calyx 3 lin, longus. Corolle
limbus 5 lin. dia
Near V. ers Benth.
297. Linaria pini, Baker |Serophularines]; perennis, diffusa,
glabra, caulibus recti s gracilibus ramosis, foliis brevissime petiolatis
remotis linearibus integris patulis firmulis utrinque viridibus
angustatis, floribus ad axillas foliorum solitariis longe. peduneulatis,
apicem sensim attenuato labiis brevibus superiore rotundato integro
Miren, trilobato palato citrino piloso, fructu globoso
Habitat gene land: Golis range near Widaba, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. Lort ip hillip
Folia 1 polli onga. -Sepalo 1j lin. longa. Corolla 10-12 lir.
longa. Pu magnitudine pisi.
Belongs to the section Elatinoides, near L, macilenta, Decne,
. . 298. Cyclocheilon, Oliv. MA Dicit genus
A novum]. ‘Calyx herbaceus, subetubulosus, lateraliter bilabiatus vel
. Potius in plano mediano fere bipartitus, labiis - "m reniformi-
orbiculatis miis: Corolla bilabiata, c 8 tubo
oblique ampliato, labio superiore bilobato, labio- mA s As ra lobis
patentibus omnibus subaequalibus rotundatis, lobo centrali labii inferioris
exteris paullo minore. Stamina didynama, inclusa; filamenta laxe
pilosa; anthere liberz, gla abre v, basi tantum pilose, loculis emit
divergen tibus breviter mueronatis Brarim bilonuiare, inem,
; ovoideo-globosum, com pressiuseiilun ; ; ovula ana emi-
2 tropa i
iique - colisteretis P npe gracilis, apie obliquo signa erus,
oe
223
£. abnt, Oliv. ; fruticulosum divaricatim ramosum, ramulis rectis
pilis brevibus albidis s patentibus cano-hispidulis, foliis oppositis parvis
beatin ep bracteolis obovato-rotundatis misih calycis segmentis
arcte appliciti
Habitat, aia anit : Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia 2 lin. longa, 1 TN lata, Calycis lobi 4-5 lin, diam. Corolla
6 lin. longa ; fed 3 lin. lat
299. Phillipsia, Bilje [Acnthaeearum. ‘genus novum]. Calyx
elongato- em 5-angulatus, apice 5-dentatus. Corolle tubus longe
cylindrac aucem brevem paulo ampliatus ; limbus
subaequalis, patens, lobis 5 brevibus rotundatis contortis. Stamina 4,
subequalia, ad medium faucis affixa, subexserta, filamentis gracilibus,
ii oblongx, loculis zqualibus parallelis mutieis. Discus incon-
spicu Stylus gracilis, apice crassiusculus ; ovula in quoque loculo 2.
Cops calyce clauso inclusa, o longo- linearis, acuta. Semina 4, plano-
compressa, retinaculo brevi fulta
.P. fruticulosa, Rolfe; herba perennis ramosa v. fruticulosa, ramulis
tetragonis cinereis asperulis, cem breviter petiolatis suborbicularibus
obscure crenulatis minute pubescentibus pilis curvatis, floribus axil-
laribus solitariis subsessilibus, istinc linearibus parvis.
Habitat.-—Somali-land : Golis range, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia 2-5 lin. longa. Calyx 5-7 lin. longus; lobi Ses te lin. longi.
Corolle tubus 9 lin, longus; Abi 2 lin. longi. Capsula 5-6 lin, longa.
A very distinct genus belo onging o to the tribe Ruelliee, allied to
tanocrater and Physacanthus, but readily distinguished by the narrow
tubular calyx, pn eng habit and very "e i eiit The corolla is most
like the latter genus, but has much smaller The habit is peculiar
in the group, and, like the Arabian genus oria, in the tribe Justiciez,
is evidently an adaptation to the dry climate
300. Asystasia Colez, Rolfe [Acanthaces') herba diffusa, ramis tetra:
gonis p elliptico-ovatis obtusis v. sub-
obtusis repando-crenulatis pubescentibus, floribus i in spicis terminalibus
dispositis, bracteis ovato-l bracteolis paulo
parvioribus, calycis tubo brevissimo lobis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis
ntibus, corolle tubo subcampanulato basi paulo contracto intus
nervis barbatis lobis inzqualibus rotundatis. patentibus, mee
brevibus filamentis barbatis, ovario hirsuto, stylo apice glabro, sti
bidenticulato, capsula oblonga Lc stipitata, seminibus 4 tobeeujeli
Pn 9 rugulosis cin
—Somali-land : Bu” — Mrs. Lort Sielpia Miss
Edith Cole. Adda Galla, James and Thru —
Folia 4-3 poll. longa, ZI lata; petiolus 2-8 X longus.
c 1-2} poll. longe. tee 69 lin. longe. Bracteole 5-7 lin.
Soe 4-5 nie we aa etn 2-1 poll, pe Capsule
Allied to A dives rostrata, gd but a stouter plant, with much
larger flowers and fruit.
tana concinna, Baker ( Verbenacer | ; fruticosa, ramosiss
301. Lanta ima, 2
ramulis gracillimis E e foliis oppositis petiolatis ovatis — —
224
crenatis rugosis utrinque viridibus supra obscure subtus dense pubescenti-
bus, M globosis ad axillas foliorum solitariis longe pedunculatis,
bracteis oblongis foliaceis pubescentibus ascendentibus, calyce parvo,
corolla iem cylindrico piloso lobis orbicularibus patulis
abi Aree Golis range, near Widaba, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia 6-9 lin. longa. Capitula 5-6 lin. diam., bracteis 3 lin. longis.
Pedunculi 1-2 poll. longi. Corolle tubus 2 lin. longus.
Near L. microphyllag®¥ranchet Sert, Somal. 49.
02. Ocimum staminosum, Baker [Labiatæ] ; dulfeticoóum; ramulis
pilis albis brevibus patulis vestitis, foliis petiolatis ovato-oblongis sub-
integris vel obscure crenulatis utrinque pubescentibus, racemis laxis
elongati verticillastris paucifioris, pedicellis brevissimis lemum eflexis,
bio superiore oblo
inferiore superiore paulo longiore, staminibus exsertis flénntis glabris
basi haud appendiculatis, stylo staminibus longiore.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Sheik's pass, alt. 3000—4000 ft.,
Miss Edith Cole.
Folia inferiora 14-2 poll. longa. Calyx fructiferus 2 lin. longus.
Corolla 4 lin. longa. Stamina 4 lin. longa.
Habit of the Abyssinian O. menthefolium, Hochst.
303. Ocimum verticillifolium, Baker [Labiate] ; fruticosum, ramulis
adpresse pubescentibus, foliis subsessilibus linearibus integris acutis
decurrente lateralibus subnullis inferioribus parvis subulatis, corollæ
tubo calyci florifero zequilongo labiis tubo brevioribus, staminibus longe
exsertis ne basi haud appendiculatis.
Habitat.-—Somali-land : Golis range at Guldoo Hammed, Miss Edith
Cole, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Suffrutex bipedalis. Folia centralia 6-9 lin. longa, $ lin. lata.
Calyx demum 3 lin. longus. Corolla 4 lin. im Diane 9-12 lin.
longa,
304. Coleus vestitus, Baker [Labiate] ; perennis, ramis pilis albis
| patulis duo vestitis, foliis. “petiolatis ovatis crenatis crassiusculis
moie staminibus labio inferiori A etap
moro: Golis range, alt. 3000 feet, Miss Edith Cole,
Mese Lore Phillips.
Folia dena, poll "rom Calyx fructiferus 21-3 lin. longus. Corolle
. labium inferum 5-6 lin. longum.
p i cuantas Benth. and C. lanuginosus, Hochst.
225
305. Coleus gomphophyllus, Baker |Labiatæ] ; perennis, ramis
dense pubescentibus, foliis distincte petiolatis obovato- -cuncatis leviter
crenatis membranaceis utrinque pubescentibus, racemis laxis elongatis,
verticillastris ebracteatis 10—12-floris, privar fendis longioribus, calyc is
pubescentis tubo campanulato dente supremo ovato acuto marginibus
decurrentibus dentibus inferioribus lánceolátós deltoideis supremo zequi-
longis, coroll: t ealvci florifero æquilon o labio superiore parvo
inferiore magno o naviculari, staminibu
Habitat, - onde. : We range, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia inferiora 13-2 poll. longa. Calyx fructiferus 3 lin. longus.
Corolle labium inferum jn lin. lon ngum.
Near C, lanuginosus, Hochst. and C. barbatus, Benth.
306. Orthosiphon calaminthoides, Baker [Labiat»]; suffruticosum,
ramosissimum, ramulis pubescentibus, foliis parvis petiolatis ovatis
subobtusis erenatis utrinque viridibus pubescentibus, racemo simplice
laxo elongato, verticillastris 2—6-floris, pedicellis calyce longioribus,
bracteis minutis, calyce pubescente tubo cylindrico dentibus cette
perparvis superioribus ovatis obtusis infimo lineari, coroll» tubo cylin-
drico calyce duplo longiori labiis parvis superiore minore inferiore lingu-
lato, staminibus labio inferiore brevioribus, stylo apice stigmatoso
integro
Habitat. Boece gee : Golis range, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
HR .longa. Calyx floriferus is lin.longus. Corolle tubus
3 lin. longus, RTE inferum 14 lin. longu
osiphon molle, Baker [Labiatæ]; perenne, ramulis dense
iret bus s lis breviter petiolatis ovatis obtusis crenatis basi late
tundatis utrinque dense pubescentibus, racemo laxo váy verti-
cillastris 5-6-floris, pedicellis brevibus, bracteis minutis, calycis pubes-
centi tubo cam anu ulato dente supremo ovato later alibus a 'olato-
deltoideis infimis parvis lanceolatis, corollie tubo subcylindrieo pubes-
cente calyce florifero em longiore lobis parvis oblongis, SiasMibus
labio inferiore vix brevioribus.
Habitat. Soma iati: ; Geis range, Mrs. Lort~Phillips.
Folia 3—4 lin. longa. Calyz floriferus 1 lin. longus. Corolle tubus
8 lin. longus, labiis 1 lin, longis.
308. Ballota fruticosa, er [Labiatw]; fruticosa, ram má,
ramulis dense US ee fri foliis minutis petiolatis orbicularibus
crenatis subcoriaceis e Ma tae te pubescentibus subtus dense
rsistenter imarii. i
pe pr ele
sessilibus axillaribus, ays ibò infand bilan! 10-costato limbo obliquo
lato breviter dentato demum patulo scarioso,
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Miss Edith Cole.
Folia 9 lin. longa et lata. Calyx fruetiferus 6 lin. longus, limbo 4
lin, diam. Corolla ignota.
309. Leucas (Ortholeucas) Jamesii, Baker |Labiatw]; suffruticosa,
ramulis imei uin foliis distinete petiolatis lanceolatis vel oblongo-
lanceolatis aeutis integris supra tenuiter subtus dense pubescentibus
verticillastris tnultilorie distantibus folis magnis suffultis, pedicellis
brevibus, bracteis propriis subulatis minutis, calycis tubo infundibulari
88638, B
226
ncano 10 costato ore quali dentibus mem deltoideis, corolla tubo
cline ealyci wquilongo labio superio ric i ense piloso tubo
uilongo labio inferiore breviore, Sanda inclu
abitat.—Soraali-land: Golis range, Miss pua Min Mrs. Lort
Phillips. Collected previously by James and Thru
Folia inferiora 2-2} poll. longa, medio 6 lin, D Calyx 2 lin.
310. Leucas (Loxostoma) paucijuga, Baker [Labiata:] ; ; P
caulibus gracilibus d folis paucis remotis p
funde crenatis basi rotundatis ut rinque viridibus pubescentibus, vëni-
cillastris paucis paucifloris faliis magnis suffultis, vip subnullis,
braeteis propriis parvis rigidis lineari-subulatis, calycis tubo Linde
bulari 10-costato piloso iin. obliquo latere inferiore producto dentibus
parvis deltoideis, coroll» tubo cylindrico ealyci wquilongo labio superiore
lingulato tubo æquilongo extus dense piloso inferiore parvo, staminibus
labio superiori æquilongis.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia 9-12 lin. longa. Calyx 4 lin. longus. Corolle labium superum
3-4 in. lor fe
Near L. microphylla, Vatke.
311. Leucas (Loxostoma) thymoides, Baker [Labiatæ]; perennis,
-ramulis gracilibus pubescentibus, foliis parvis ovatis crenatis petiolatis
utrinque dense pubescentibus, vertieillastris paucis paueifloris foliis
parvis suffultis, pedicellis brevissimis, bracteis propriis minutis subulatis
rigidis, calycis tubo infundibulari piloso 10-costato ore obliquo latere
inferiore predueto dentibus lanceolatis parvis, eorolle tubo cylindrico
labio vx mei lingulato tubo wquilongo extus dense albo-piloso labio
nferi re trilobato, staminibus corolla: labio superiori aquilongis
Habitat = Sonat ad : Golis range, Mrs. Lort Phillips,
Folia 3-4 lin, longa. Calya 4 lin. longus. Corolla 7-8 lin,
longa.
This also is nearly allied to L, microphylla, Vatke.
312. Leucas (Loxostoma) Colez, Baker [Labiatz]; perennis, caule
brevi erecto ramoso pubescente, foliis breviter petiolatis ovatis acutis
crenatis utrinque viridibus subaseetit bis: verticillastris densis muiti-
floris a ic ta eras ssimis, bracteis Jongis linearibus ascendentibus
conspicue cilia calycis tubo subcylindrieo. piloso 10-costato ore
obliquo latere in wt riore producto dentibus parvis deltoideis cuspidatis,
corolla tubo eylindrico calyci squilengo labio superiore oblon ngo p parvo
extus dense piloso labio inferiore minore, vin corolla labio
superiori zquilongis.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, Miss Edith Cole.
Folia 6-9 \in. longa. Bractee propric 3 lin. long. Calyx 4 lin.
ligu Corolla 6 lin. longa.
313. Paronychia (Anoplonychia) somaliensis, Baker [Tece —
: perennis dense cmspitosa, foliis sessilibus linearibus acutis eese
tib lanceolatis scariosis, floribus
Mec p ai
227
oblongo-lanceolatis acutis rigidis pubescen ER — n BENE
- nie perianthio duplo brevioribus, o voideo
bitat.—Somali-land : Golis range at pov Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. “Lort Ph illips.
Folia 2-3 lin. longa. Perianthium 1-1} lin. longum. Bractee
3 lin. longa.
Near P. capitata, Lam.
314. Jatropha palmatifida, Baker [Euphorbince»]; fruticosa,
glabra, Uu em rigidis apice glanduliferis, foliis longe petiolatis
profunde palm ifidis lobis 5 oblongo-oblanceolatis obtusis dimidio
superiore Butts inferne integris ad basin attenuatis, petiolo nudo,
floribus in panieulam longe pedunculatam ramulis apice det nse cymosis
dispositis, bracteis oblongis p pectinato
sepalis oblongis acutis, etalis ovatis acutis "a^i duplo longioribus,
fructu globoso nudo trilobato, stylis ad basin liber
Habitat.—Somali-land: Golis range, Mrs. Lo "Putus
Tolia 2 poll. longa, 3 poll, lata. Petala 1} lin. longa.
5. Habenaria (Bonatea) Phillipsii, Rolfe [Orchidez]; herba elata,
foliis "fentinis sessilibus oblongis v. elliptieo-oblongis acutis v. abrupte et
brevissime acuminatis, racemis ciren 7-toris, bracteis ovato-lanceolatis
acuminatis, sepalo postieo late lanceolato acuto, lateralibus petalorum
lobis anticis labello et processubus stigmaticis elongatis omnibus adnatis,
sepalis lateralibus sursum explanatis triangulari-falcatis apiculatis
deflexis, petalis profunde bipartitis lobo postico li faleato-lineari
lobo euge elongato-lineari, labello trifido lobis linearibus intermedio
breviore, caleari elongato pedicello longiore supra medium paululo
dilatato, columna brevi, rostello galeato apiculato basi ineurvo antherz
beni adnato et in lobos 2 laterales
nthera erecta, loculis parallelis, polliniis lineari-oblongis, caudieulis
Toctslnis filiformibus, processibus stigmaticis spathulatis.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Golis range, at E in A gorge near `
bes Mr. E. Lort Phillips. * Flower w
erba 2 ped. alta. Folia 2-5 poll. enm nu poll. hs Bractee
"ni poll. longs. Pedicelli 2} poll longi. Sepala 10 lin. longa,
posticum 3 lin. latum, lateralia 4 lin. lata. Petalorum di postieus
10 lin. longus, anticus 1£ poll. longus. Labellum 23 poll. 'um
longi. -Anthera 4 lin. longa. Stigmatis processus 11 lin. longi.
A fine species belonging to the secti on Bonatea, and allied to Haben-
aria Kaysert, Krünzl., from the Usambara district:
6. Hemanthus (Gyaxis) somaliensis, Baker [Amaryllidex] ;
eaule foliifero breviter producto, foliis tribus membranaceis oblongis
aeutis ad basin angustatis, venis primariis venulis copiosis transver-
salibus sepe anastomosantibus connexis, scapo elongato, bracteis
oblongis membranaceis d ascendentibus, pedicellis elongatis, perianthii
tubo cylindrico lobis subulatis ascendentibus tubo æquilongis, sem om
perianthii lobis arobo filamentis filiformib bus rubelli is antheris
parvis oblongis luteis, fructu globoso glabro
Habitat.—Somali-land ; top of Golis range, alt. 5900 ft., Miss Edith
Cole, Mrs. Lort Phillips.
b2
Li
228
Folia synanthia, oaa s : poll. lata. — Seapus 5-8-pollicaris.
Bractee 15 lin. longe. Corolle tubus 3-4 lin. longus. Filamenta
9 lin. longa. Fructus aai pisi
Nearly allied to the well-known H. puniceus, L. of the Cape.
317. Vellosia (Xerophyta) acuminata, Baker id
fruticosa, fofiis sessilibus linearibus acuminatis rigide eis
marginibusque incrassatis stramineis venis 10-12 Groe inter Mam
et marginem preeditis, scapo gracili elongato viscoso, ovario oblongo
nigro-viscoso, perianthii lobis oblongo-lanceolatis albis dorso glandulosis,
staminibus 6 perianthio duplo brevioribus.
Habitat.—Somali-land: Golis range, in rocky watercourses near
Woob, Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Dont Phillips.
Folia pedalia, inferne 4 lin. lata: Perianthii lobi 8-9 lin. longi.
318. Chlor ophytum tenuifolium, Baker [Liliace:w]; foliis basalibus
5-6 linearibus elongatis menibranaceis glabris interdum crispatis, scapo
elongato nudo simpli ce, racemo laxo cylindrico, pedicellis brevibus
erecto-patentibus apice artieulatis, bracteis minutis ovato-lanceolatis,
perianthii se, tis linearibus albis viridi-carinatis, filamentis subulatis
elongatis ee lanceolatis parvis, ovario globoso stylo elongato,
fructu globoso acuto angulato apice emarginato.
Habitat —Sonaland: Golis range, at Widaba, Miss Edith Cole,
Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Folia pedalia vel sesquipedalia, 4—6 lin. lata. Racemus demum
subpedalis, pedicellis inferioribus 2-3 lin. longis. Perianthium 5 lin.
longum. Fructus 4 lin. diam
319. Ornithogalum (Beryllis) sordidum, Baker [Liliacea] ;
pluribus elongatis linearibus synanthiis glabris, scapo elongato, racemo
©
med
=e
n
Beki oki ci Golis fuge; Web, Miss Edith Cole.
Bulbus ignotus. Folia pedalia vel — inferne 3-4 lin.
lata, Pedunculus ‘esa e is et ultra. Zacemws semipedalis.
Perianthium 3 lin. longum
Near 0. Eckloni, Schlecht,
20. somaliensis, Baker [Liliaceæ]; caule elongato
flexuoso gracili giihi foliis caulinis 8-10 sessilibus linearibus acumi-
natis graminoideis glabris supe na us sensim rimini floribus in
axillis foliorum superiorum solita pedunculis brevibus erectis,
perianthii segmentis 6 subulatis viridibus flore expanso patulis, stamini-
bus ovario brevioribus antheris parvis oblongis, ovario oblongo stylis
tribus brevibus faleatis, fructu obovoideo trilobato apice emarginato
perianthio breviore.
bitat. Pilg Golis range, near Widaba, Miss Edith Cole
.. Habi
Mrs. Lort Phil
Bulbus
inferne 2 lin. lata.
mé: near the hs e North Australian, i. indica, Xni
mme e nene Folia eai 6-8 poll. longa
. lon
229
321. Cyanotis somaliensis, C. B. Clarke [Commelinace] ; sericeo-
villosa, foliis oblongis apice breviter morie primes — spicis
terminalibus ac pluribus axillaribus distantibus sessi
Habitat.—Somali-land : Mrs. Lort Phillips, Mn hin Cole.
Caules centrales steriles abbreviati, laterales 6-12 p ee pa
axillaribus 5-10 distantibus. Folia 1} p oll. longa, 3 ELM lata, plana,
apice parum acuminata. Capsula non vis
Very near the South African C. nodi ter Kunth, but the leaves do
not match any of this group—they resemble those of C. eri istata, Roem.
et Schult.
Kyllinga microstyla, C. B. Clarke [Cyperacee] ; user
em 3, spiculis numerosis minimis l-floris, stylo vix ull
nucis vix :quilongis, nuce lateraliter compressa ute. fere quib
Habitat.—Somali-land : Mrs. Lort Phillips.
Glabra. Culmi cæspitosi, 3-6 poll. longi, basi vaginis pluribus
angustis incrassati. Folia plura, $ culmi æquilonga, 4 lin. lata.
Bractee D patule, ima 2 poll. longa. Spica centralis 2 lin. longa,
l lin. 1 2 laterales 1 lin. longa et late. Spicula } lin. long
scorer e compressa, 3-gluma, deci ida, viridis. Stamina 2 1, antheræ
breviter oblonge. Naz obov oideo-ellipsoidea, obtusa, levi
Resembles exceedingly small examples of K. triceps, td.
323. Cyperus somaliensis, C. B. Clarke ({Cyperacee | ; culmo
tenuiore monocephalo, foliis 1—2 culmi aquilongis setaceis vaginis
minute dense pubescentibus, spieulis parvis ovoideis compressis albo-
luteis 4-8-floris in unicum caput dense compositis, stylo 3—fido, nuce
triquetra obovoidea 2. glume sequilonga.
Habitat.—Somali-land : Mrs. Lort Phillips, Miss Edith Cole.
Culmi 4-6 poll. longi, basi vaginis indurati, in rhizomate perbrevi
[pete rati. Folia ib fere glabra, modo dense plex Caput
l 1 poll. in diam.; bra ex 2, aor 2 poll. longa. Spicule 1—1 poll.
long. Glime ficos gies Frnt tenues. Anthere nen oblong
lutem, exserte, sa cus. St lus nuci Meier ums rami
sequilongi. ux inzequalis, “curvata, brunescen
Near C, E EA Retz.
. Mariscus somaliensis, C. B. Clarke [C mel: ; radicibus
(foros culmis caespitosis tenuibus basi e pen dr is cylindrice incras-
satis monocephalis, spica brevi densa -] chya,spieulis linearibus
12-16-floris castaneis, glumis valide altaris apice lanceolatis
arer paullo recurvatis
at.—Somali-land : Mrs. Lort iem
Tu oe, 4-8 poll. longi. Folia 4-3} culmi æquilonga, setacea,
debilissima. put LER pr in diam. Spicule 4 poll. longa, 1-13 lin,
late. Nua non aaa
Near M. leptoph jfi c. B. Clarke, but glumes subaristate.
i nti densis - linearibus firm s Alioa nigris is,
stipitibus elongatis castaneis eaceis, frondibus oblongis
subeoriaceeis elasticis bipinn facie viridibus glabris, rachibus
paleaceis, pinnis lanceolatis sessilibus basalibus exceptis simpliciter
230
pinnatis basalibus basi furcatis, lobis linearibus integris, venis immersis
occultis, indusio lato continuo brunneo persistente glabro crenulato.
Habitat.—Somali-land: Golis range, in rock y gorges at Dara-as,
alt. 5000 ft., Miss Edith Cole, Mrs. Lort Phillips
Stipes 25 poll. longus. Lamina 3-6 poll. ittm 2-3 poll. lata.
Habit of Cheilanthes farinosa, Kaulf. The persistent indusia meet
almost edge to edge at the midrib.
CCCCLXXVI.—SHU-LANG ROOT.
(Dioscorea rhipogonoides, Oliver.)
Plants belonging to the monocotyledonous order Dioscoreacee
consist of climbing shrubs of which the black bryony (Tamus communis)
with an acrid tuber and red berries is a familiar exam
pees the typical genus is Dioscorea producing the fleshy tuberous
own as yams. These are widely cultivated and form the chief
food i i many even and sub-tropical countries. In China a Dioscorea
ibed eraa ow cary, Bad as a “dye yam." We are indebted to
Dr. Augus din , F.L.S, who has already done so much for
Chinese Toten for the following particulars :—
Note ON SHU-LANG.
dinae ea rhipogonoides, Oliver, was first discovered by Mr. Ford in
ng Kong, and is described in Hooker’s Icones Plantar um, tab. 1868.
No mention is made there of its economic importance, and 1 believe it
was not until Mr. Ford made his excursion up the Canton river that he
became aware of the use of the root as a dye. The Chinese hunt for it
in Hong Kong, and little of the flant is left there on that account.
In Formosa the plant occurs plentifully in the mountains; and th
roots are brought to the coast, where they are much used by false
for dyeing and tanning their nets. JT am not aware that any expor
The root (and plant as well) is known to the Chinese as shu-lang, and
occurs in commerce as “dye-root” or “dye-yam”; while in Tonkin
the French apply to it the name faua gabier The Customs Trade
a tuberous root called shu-lang or faux gambier. It is extensively used
at Pakhoi in dyeing coarse native savant cloth and fishing nets a dark
brown or tan colour
_ The lately ope ened Customs station on the Kwangsi-Annam frontier,
Lungchow, is at present the seat of the trade; and the following
quotations are from Customs Trade Reports on that port for the years
t
: “ The principal article rod see into Lungchow in 1889, was eee
3,700 piculs, value 4,437 taels (over 200 tons a 11000, kt
tuberous root growing wild in dk hilly districts of Tonkin, It is tm
_ to a certain extent cultivated, ak a strange to say, deteriorates
the c inc M s is usually gathered in spring and early summer and is
à down the West River to mind where it is used to dye
231
cloth that peculiar reddish Pina oaiae Rag ipn in the South.
The value locally ranges fron $14 to $3
“In 1891, the imports into ae rt Tonkin (distriets of
Thatke and "Caobang) of shu-lang or faux gambier was 9,000 pienls,
valued at 16,762 taels (over 500 tons, value 4, eg L The 1889 and
1892 Reports give some further details as to the
t Canton, the root is chiefly used pi "sine 2 cloth (z.e., the
light fabric made phe om Behmeria) and the of silk material Kao
as Cantons, bot much for sammer a thin ng.
n the Chinese Tilustrated Botany (Chih-wu-ming, IX., 26) eed
is figured and said to occur plentifully in cite mountains of .Fukie
Kwangtung, and Kwangsi provinces. Its are described to be for
dreina; fishing nets. The Chinese author eee un stem has small thorns
and tha t the root is hairy. He is perhaps speaking of another species.
imens now sent are Formosan roots, and are, I think,
unquestionably Dioscorea rhipogonoides. The leaf s specimens, No. 105,
were attached to theroot, so that there is no doubt about these n
Mr. Ford is sure that the Canton root is from the same plant. I
i no specimens at present of Annamese d lang ; these e be
from Pakhoi or Canton
Peb; 14 March 1894, AUGUSTINE HENRY,
CCCCLXXVII.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
The news has reached Kew of the death at the General Hospital,
Madras, on the 17th August, of Mr. — JAwrESON, Curator of
ens and Parks at Ootacamund, Nilgiris. Mr. Jamieson was
53 years of age, and had s connected with the Ootacamund Gardens
Bis nearly 27 years. He was formerly a member of the gardening staff
t Kew and was appointed to Ootacamund in September 1868. He
Et. in sole eharge of the gardens on the Nilgiris for “er years until
they w ee placed under.the control of the present Dire
mieson was a skilful and capable officer and his official reports
-— Tal of valuable information. On taking over charge of the
rtment in 1883, Mr. M. A. Lawson, M.A., the Director, bore the
: CE inc AT to Mr. Jamieson's anii pr S I wish especially to
record m galigations to the Curator, a Jamieson, - the loyal
manner | erem he has on every occasio p d ing -
the lertion I wished to introduce, and for e skill a qmod
evinced in carrying out those iess to a
kan imsar conclusion."
Mr. Joun Horne STEPHEN, formerly of ra and lately Curator
of the Lal Bagh Botanie Gardens at Bangalore, Mysore, has been
appointed. Superintendent of the Publie Gardens m Nagpur, vM
Provinces of India, in succession to the late Mr. J. R. War Ir
He had only held his post since 1893, but had already won
iid] regard ; his untimely death has cut short a career of promise,
232
‘Botanical Magazine.—The number for august contains — of two
from New
orchids, namely, Saccolabium mooreanum, fro uinea, an
Pleurothallis Scapha, from tropical America, but from as part is
uncertain e latter, one of the most elegant of the genus, was
contributed by Mr. Moore, the Keeper of the Glasnevin Garden ns,
after whom the formes was named. Prochynanthes bulliana, is the
Spire
Heidi S. media, x var. aesti pires was drawn from a Ten t that
flowered in the Arboretum last year. S. media, F. Schmidt, is, however,
erroneously cited as a synonym. Pyrus sikkimensis, is an interesting
species that has long been in the Arboretum, having, probably, as v
t€ Hooker supposes, been raised from seed sent home by him
Herbaceous List :—A maie of herbaceous plants cultivated in
the Royal Gardens, Kew, was issued in June last. The following
secou of the origin and development of ‘the collection is given in the
preface
The object of the present pete as with the rest of the series is, in
the first place, to show what species are actually grown at Kew, and. in
the next to reduce, if DN the - nottfenk iiM in use in gardens to
something like a s stan
In the earlier Botanic Gardens the — consisted necessarily
entirely of mM € in the open air. “Indoor cultivation " did not
commence till a the middle of the seventeenth century, The
greenhouse and senig in the Chelsea Botanic Gardens were probably
amongst the earliest erected in this country.
The cultivation of herbaceous plants in the open air, or with merely
winter shelter in frames, still remains one o e most important
features of Botanie Garden work. Of the total number of species
ami ated at Kew probably vi less than a quarter are grown in this
he first collection of herbaceous plants at Kew was formed by
William Aiton, who was engaged by the Dowager Princess of aoe
to establish a botánic; or as it was then called, a physie garden.
begun in 1760 and oceupied about an aere of the southern part of de
: original botanic garden. The site which it edepol is immediately
south of the Temple of the Sun. It was arranged on the Linnean
syst According to an enumeration made by Mr. John Smith, the
first curator of that et in “Hill’s Hortus Kewensis, published in
1768, the number of the Kew collection of herbaceous plants was 2712,”
while Aiton, ~ ‘in his Borts Kewensis, published in 1787, enumerates
2524 species.”
In 1846 the ae Kitchen Garden, “an extent of 14 acres or
thereabouts,” that ran parallel to the Richmond Road was abolished.
Sir William Hooker states in his report for that year “ several useless
transverse fruit walls have been removed, and the greater portion of this
area is being prepared for the reception of the entire hardy herbaceous
. collection ; it is proposed to retain the two long (eastern and western)
walls for climbing and tender plants; and new walls have been formed or
caret being formed vish = object. si
333
work was carried out by the foreman, James Niven, afterwards
Gaps « of the Botanie Garden, Hull. In 1853 a catalogue drawn up.
by him was printed, which enumerates 5494 names of species. "These,
however, include many shrubs, TEE plants, and ferns, as well as
a large number of plants entered twice under synonymous names. A
deduction of at least 1000 names d be made to Lie nt the actual
In 1867 the small r ery now evotet to hardy fect rns was con-
structed “of Reigate sneer t itd * furnished with about
Alpine plants." In 1873 this was re-arranged, and in 1874 “about
560 species of Alpine plants were grown upon it.
This was, however, regarded as a very inadequate representation of a
branch of kotsende which had become very etree! and in 1 a
d t Ifice orks i
* brought to an issue by the gift on the part of the executors of
the late George Curling Joad, Esq., F.L.S., ed Oakfield, Wimbledon
Park, in accordance with the wishes expressed by him before his
death, of the entire collection of frerbalcaben plants cultivated at
Oakfield.”
sum of 500/. was granted by the Treasury for the formation
of the present rock garden which was vee tn "e the vacant piece
of ground adjacent to the herbaceous ground. Part of the rock used
was weathered oolite obtained from Bath: part wes ie Eia:
limestone from the Cheddar Cliffs. For the rest use was ma
materials of “an overgrown and neglected rockery (Seius Ruins)
dating from se Pd of George IL, " in the Arboretum, south of t
‘Temperate
Mr. Joad’s SoHedtion of plants amounted to 2630 specimens, and had
been got together at great pains and expense. It pretty well furnished
the new rock garden: it has since been continuously added to.
rock garden is, however, TUE for the cultivation of Alpive
plants from the higher levels. Tot the dampness of an English
winter in the open air is in the vast Monts of cases fatal. Again, in
an English spring the plants flower too early and "E severely from
its “harshness. They can only be successfully win M in frames,
whieh fake «e place of their > covering of snow. extensive
flower isi in the Alpine House o wies Musevi No; I. "This,
nere
of Alpine plants Kew is greatly indebted to G. C. Chur chill, o.
who for several years has eonducted an assiduous correspondence on
its behalf with collectors in all parts o "o
The tank for aquatie que immediately iu front of the Jodrell
Laboratory was constructed in 1873.
The wild garden adjoining the Cumberland Gate was platited in
1882.
ention must be made of the Kew collection of bulbs, These,
dah largely used to produce a decorative effect in the spring, are in
great measure of botanical interest. They have for the most part been
grown at Kew si 1886 from a small original stock by the same
methods as are employed in Holland. At the beginning of summer they
are lifted, harvested, and planted out again the following autumn.
234
The collection of crocuses is mainly the gift of George Maw, Esq.,
For constant and liberal contributions of bulbs of all kinds Kew is
indebted to Edward Whittall, Esq., of myrna.
The collection of herbaceous panja i is intense for inspection and it
is not permitted to gather specimens. To
students a limited collection, where this restrietion is not enforced, was
made in 1880 on the ground leaping the Herbarium, Admission to
this *Students' Garden” may during the summer months be obtained
on application at the Curator’s office on Kew Gr
The total number of herbaceous flowering "e now in cultivation
at Kew is approximately 6000, including 1000 well marked varieties
Since 1835 lists of seeds available for exchange with other botanical
establishments haye been issued annually.
British Fergin -Flora— The fourth volume of Mr. G. Massee's new
PE Flora has appeared. In this volume the three families
— c, Ve beth at and Discomycetes are reviewed, and
3 genera and to spe
"| and Ascomycetes, 97 getters ra and 660 spétles. The genera lolo,
and Masseea, previvtely only recorded from America, have been added
to the British list,
Pay of Employés.—On the recommendation of the First Commissioner
ne Her meg s Works Es. Publie Buildings, the 'Treasury has agreed
o the minimum wage <ew being raised to 21s. In addition to
this both Tabiin and ina rs receive gratuitous medical attendance
during Miri sick pay according to length of service and extra pay
when employed on Sundays. On the other hand retirement at 60 is
compulsory, and pensions in the shape of “ compassionate allowances ”
e d by the Superannuation Act, e which only allows a
gratuity of one week's pay for each year of se
. It will be interesting to trace the gradual Hid of me at Kew since
1841, when it became a national establishment,
YEAR. LABOURERS. GARDENERS.
8, i
B - - -= - 12 12
= " - - 14 mee
- - i : ` 15 14
- - B - 17 16
T cS * x i 18
- - E 18-20 —
e - ue - | 19-20 ———
á & Š $ 21 21
South Wing of Temperate House.— The erection of this was sanctioned
by the ‘Treasury last year (Kew Bulletin, p. 898). The care required
in the preparation of the detailed working drawings and the securing
the necessary contracts as soon as iio supplementary estimate had been
passed by the House of Commons, prevented the work being immediately.
taken in hand. ‘The contractor, however, souneeneea wor rk on the si
on August 19, and building is being pushed on with all possible speed.
It is hoped that the new wing will be completed by the middle of next
year,
Wire Fence.—' The removal, by the gracious permission of Her
Majesty the Queen, of the fences excluding the publie from the
Palace Meadow was iioatieod in the Kew Bulletin for March (p. 75).
Since then the First Commissioner of Her Majesty's Works and Public
Buildings has authorised the removal of the wire fence which since 1844
has separated the ates Garden aoe the Arboretu As for many
years there has bee Ver in the idniatiirdlion of the two
become devoid of any srl object. nd the four gates, by whieh
cao it could be passed, had become wholly inadequate to the con-
enient movement of the large crowds which now frequent the Royal
Gaidis in fine weather,
On August 22 following the top of the Water Tower was struck, and
sustained serious damage.
9 the Herbarium and flag-staff were provided ad the best
disia for Pus from "ire under the direetio
4,F.R.S. And in 1894 these were also hien lo.
Museum No.
rnational Geographical Congress.—At the Ae e of the executive
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Sg
Q
a
Her Majesty the Queen, the reception took place at Kew Palace.
The foreign members were afterwards taken over the establishment in
parties by different members of the staff.
236
Portrait of Dr. Thomas Thomson.—Sir Joseph D. Hooker has
presented Kew with a replica of a portrait of the late Dr. T. Thomson,
.R.S., by G. Richmond, R.A. The portrait was painted in 1852, when
Thomson was 35 years of age, and the replica was done at Richmond’s
house, under his eye, if not actually by himself. Dr. T. Thomson was a
son of the celebrated chemist of the same name, and began his active
er in the medical service of the Honourable E India Company.
1847 he was selected to ME the mission to Tibet, and he was
the first botanist to enter the Karakoram mountains. His narrative of
the journey was an i agers contribution to many branches of science. -
Subsequently he joined Dr. J. D. Hooker, and they botanised together
in the Khasia mountains, and on their return to England i n 1850, he
assisted at Kew in naming and distributing the viris collections, and
in writing the first volume of the
z S iaae of the Calcutta Botanic Garden, an Vene iria he
held o w years, returning to England in 1860 i in bad health, from
which n d recovered, though he lingered on until 1878.
Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon.—The third volume, or third pert
as it is designated, of this admirable work has just appeared. It co
tains the orders Valerianacee to Balanophoracee. With it are pmid
plates 51 to 75. These are Dus quarto size, and represent interesting or
critical species. Dr. n, who is now on leave in this country, is to
be congratulated on the. rapid progress of his undertaking. For further
particulars see Kew Bulletin, 1894, p. 34 and p. 227,
Cultivation of Plantains in British Guiana. esit the report on the
eo
population, the cultivation is a fir mly established minor industry,” those
who follow it being called “farmers” as distinct from “ planters” who
cultivate the suger-cane. Plantains are said to “delight in the stiff
. newly empoldered clay lands of the colony, not objecting to the slightly
: i d
ac
periodically at spring tides . . . - Such lands yield heavily but
* the crop is liable to suffer, if the seasons prove very wet, from the
plantain disease of the Colony." From the. report in the Blue Book for
1893-4 published in the Colonial Reports em 133, British Guiana,
p. 18, it appears that the cultivation is dying ou :
“ The eultivatiou of uec on sugar ies becomes less year by
ear, and there are now only 1917 aeres in plantains, and although
many plantain farms of which there is no official record still exist, this
vegetable has practically ceased, from. its comparitive scarcity, to be the
staple food of the African population
This change cannot fail to prove detrimental to the interests of
the Colony. More money will necessarily have to be spent on imported
rice and flour, while valuable lands will be left uncultivated capable of
—— large crops of food.
237
Piper ovatum.—At the request of Kew the leaves and other parts of
this plant have recently been the subject of investigation at the Research
Laboratory of the egee Society by Pr ofessor W. R. Dunstan,
4, and Mr. Henry Gar he material was received from
Mr. J. H. Hart, F.L.S., Sapertntandlant of the Royal Botanie Gardens,
Trinidad. `
Piper ee Vahl. (Ottonia Vahlii, Ath.) is a herbaceous shrub
about 2-4 feet high with large papery leaves. It is found rather
abundantly in woods in the central parts of Trinidad - is employed
locally as a remedy for snake bite and hydrophobia. When chewed it
gives rise to a persistent ee nica of the tongue and lips which is
followed by a sensation of numbness accompanied by profuse salivation ;
in these respects Fadblir pellitory. All parts of the plant, leaves
stem and root, possess this meyi but the leaves and root appear to
act more powerfully than the stem; the leaves haye an aromatic taste
The following results are taken from a paper contributed by the
ASe eee to the Transactions of the Chemical Society, 1895,
A small quantity of an almost colourless, volatile, aromatic
oil was obtained by distillation from the leaves. This was optically
inactive, since a 6 per cent. solution in alcohol produced no rotation of
the polarised ray. Without analysis the volatile oil of Piper ovatum
was regarded as a sesquiterpene. Of the non-volatile constituents the
active principle, called Piperovatine, forms datio P needles,
which often crystallise in rosettes. In appea thes mew hat
resemble the alkaloid caffeine. In strong Mioihel: the highly purified
substance has the curious property of apparently gelatinising. zoe
water is added to it in just sufficient kem] to cause precipitation.
Further investigations will pro bably show that the constitution of
iperovatine is precisely similar to that of such alkaloids as piperine,
atropine, and aconitine. As regards its physiological action accordin
power, the temporary character of its action, and, above all, its property
of causing salivation, have interfered with its successful employment in
the minor operations of dentistry. The solution of piperovatine in
almond oil has, however, given promising results in affording temporary
relief in painful superficial lesions.” It is added that there is a stron:
resemblance between the physiological action of piperovatine and that o
the root of pellitory.
Preservation of Books in the m :—In the Kew Bulletin, a
pp. 217, 218, an extract was given from — Museum Notes, Vol.
No. 3, on the st means for preserving books from the ravages of idiot
in the tropics. On this subject the TAS ‘letter been received
a George Bidie ep E., formerly in charge of the
Berry View, Paignton, South Devon,
Sir, 19th March 1895.
N the Kew Bulletin For 1894, p. 217, there is a memorandum
on the “ Preservation of Books in the Tropics,” and I now write to
238
mention that so far as their protection from insect enemies is concerned,
the subject was investigated by me years ago, when in charge of the
Government Central Museum, Madras, and the practical outcome of the
u
books and papers poisoned with it in the nests of — ants, the most
formidable of all the enemies of literature, and it w invariabl y found
that the articles thus exposed came out of the orla ur uninjured. Phe
composition of the Madras preservative was as follo
Corrosive sublimat - - - loz.
Carbolie acid (Calvert's) ete od: d i.
(or Thymol, } oz.)
Methylated spirits — - - - - 2 pints.
This mixture was carefully and ii applied with a soft brush about
the bindings and amongst the leaves of the books, the eyes of the
operator being protected with Pd fitting goggles. It dried I
and was perfectly safe, as I have never seen or experienced an
disagreeable effects from fending books poisoned with it.
My impression is that the - of this preservative was made known
to all publie departments by Government eireulars, but apparently these
never penetrated so far as Calcutta,
Tam, &c.,
(Signed) G. Dipig,
W, T. Thiselton Dyer, Esq., C.M.G., &e.,
— Director, Royal Gardens, Kew.
Gum Tragacanth,—in a Foreign Office Report (No. 1624, Annual.
Series, 1895) on the agricultural — of the Vilayet of An rà,
Turkey, the following account is given by Consul Cumberbatch of
“Kitré” or gum tragacanth, a partially soluble gum obtained from
ies 0 s— “It is known in commerce as eru white
‘Syrian’ tragacanth, and appears as f jeaf-sorts’ and Eem
y
— "Hthas the appearance of twisted ribbons, is white and reddish, near
. opaque, and a little ductile. Its adaptability in lieu of borax for giving
lustre to starched linen is perhaps not dn known. The districts
— where the shrub is chiefly found are Yozgat, Iskilip, Cesarea, Kaledjik,
. and Angora. Li ke the yellow d (the fruit of Rhammus infectorius
described in the Museum Guide, E., p. 36) this plant is also neglected
owing to the falling-off in the foreigu demand, and though aut in
the above-mentioned districts little or no trouble i is taken by the peasants
frequerttly g athered for fuel = the peasantry.”
artic tars of nth ma be found in Museum Guid e, L,
239
the pith and medullary rays of the stem into a mu cilaginous mass,
Good botanical specimens of tragacanth-yielding species, with + siak
ation on the mode of collecting the gum, are much wanted at Kew
Zinc in dried Apples,—In a recent Consular ida: furnished to the
Government of the United States, it is stated t “ for a number of
years dried apples in rad form of slices, pieces, or rings, have been
imported into Germany from the United § States, and it has been observed
that this fruit often costi zinc in such quantities that, according to
medical authority, the consumption of it may be detrimental to health.
The German authorities have, in consequence, endeavoured by every
ssible means to prevent the importation of American dried fruits
bining with the zinc forming a malate of zinc. The use of zinc plates
is said to give the dried apples a fine light colour, but as stated in the
report * it would not seeni to be advisable to employ such means for the
sake of a comparatively small and purely external advantage." In
place of zinc plates it is recommended that racks or frames of wood be
used, or that the apple-slices be dried upon strings or cords. ‘These
methods are often employed in Germany, and therefore the brownish
colour of the products obtained through them would. not put them to
any vantage so far as thei ir importation into — is
White Willow.—The Huntingdon or White Willow (Salix ir s )»
so ealled from the silky whiteness of the underside of the leaf, is a n
of Britain and extends to Europe, North Africa, North-west India id
is used for ta tanning ps it yields the ee mla he timber is
valuable for a variety of purposes such as turnery, m coopering,
and cricket bats. NI eharcoal is diréelion for Toad manufacture of
gunpow der and for crayons
The favourite Tosátitlos for the growth of the White Willow * are low
shelving banks of streams and al ‘iverine tracts subject to occasional
inundation with water holding rich m silt in we qu and fresh or
damp meadow land d whose soil inbisture dá is not stagnan t grows also
in uplands not subject to inundations, and is vcudéasliy planted as an
ornamental tree in woods. It is extensively planted as a pollard tree,
bes in this case it is not so valuabie for timber purposes. The dem and
white willow suitable for bat-making appears to be i Baas:
while the suply i is falling off. Several inquiries have been made at
on the subject. Recentl tly a letter was received from Mr.
‘Dye 2)
a kie bat nae of Sydne , New South Wales. He states * I have .—
experienced great difficulty in obtaining the Seed — of Willow .
required in my business, viz., Salix alba I hav repeatedly Es
240
ordered white willow from various firms in England and have never yet
ee the right suff, I now feel certain they do not know where to
obtai
A am of tue merchants in the City writes: * We have made
several inquiries, but find that the demand for white willow is so great
that there is sedi deeable difficulty in procuring any, the large bat makers
IA always men scouring the country trying to pick up what they
“One man, however, has been in to-day to ame us some. "The
pei would be 5s. per cubic foot where the wood lies. It seems a ver y
long EG but most of our friends tell us we should: not be able to get
any ata
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
No. 106.] OCTOBER. [1895.
CCCCLXXVIII.—NEW RUBBER INDUSTRY IN
LAGOS.
(Kickxia africana, Benth.).
(Wits Prark.)
In the Kew Bulletin, 1888, pp. 253-261, there is an account of
rubber extracted at Lagos from the * Abba” tree (Ficus Vogelit, Miq.).
A further account is given in the Bulletin, 1 pp. 89-93. "This
rub though promising, *could not be used by itself," and atten-
tion has since been devoted to other sources of supply. In West
Africa it is well known there are numerous plants Fiere commercial
rubber. 'The chief of these are species of the Apocynaceous genus
Landolphia, dónsisting of climbing shrubs, with stems 4 to 6 inches in
diameter dividing above into numerous branches, and supporting them-
result of this was not SERRE apparent. . But in Ae is
present Governor of Lagos, Sir Gilbert T. Carter, K.C.M.G., issued the
following notice, as appears from the idi on the Botanic ‘Biation for
the quarter ending the 30th June 1895:
* His Excellency, the Governor, Vel to notify to the mercantile
community rof Lagos that he has been able to induce a party of natives
from the Gold Coast experienced in rubber collecting to come to
' with a view to the development of this valuable and imporjant industry.
The men have already inspected certain districts, which they report to
be rich in rubber- -producing plants, and it is confidently hoped that
u 88977. 1375.—10/95. Wt. 308. A
242
Lagos will shortly be able to compete M the sister colony of the Gold
Coast in the great etl of the produc
Following this came the sic rti En that a new rubber-yielding .
plant had been discovered in the colony of m and that it was a large
tree timi distributed in the interior fore
In the report on the Botanie Station at eint for ihe quarter ending
31st December 1894 the Curator states: The rubber industry of the
colony is repidly extending. Large quantities are collected around
confined ; g
probably belonging to the Apocynacee, found abundantly in the interior
lands, also yields rubber. Mr. Leigh, one of Bact assistants at the station,
was away above a week colle cting specim of this rubber. When
ready they will be submitted to the AR ET at Kew for a report.
e native name of the tree is *« Ire." Mr. Millen adds, “ It may prove
very valuable to the colony.”
In April 1895, Captain Denton, C.M.G., the eane eee com-
send you by parcel post some specimens of the t enei name
Trai eoni which the rubber which is sent from this part of the world
is obtained. During the last six months it has become a valuable article
of export, and there appears to be every chance ut the quantity i dens
in
easing. I obtained these specimens from the district betwee
Tlogbero and Ilaso, where I saw the process F procuring the juice fiom
the tree in course o of progre Irai tree, at the base, is between
men, who have bad experience of the work in other places, contend that
the tree can be tapped again with good results in about 18 months' time.
If this is sc, we have started what is likely to prove a valuable industry.”
So far it had not been possible to identify this new rubber-yielding
tree. The specimens hitherto received at Kew were imperfect, and in
some cases even consisted of portions of oe different plants, The
. next contribution received was from Mr. Jonathan C. Olubi, F.R.G.S.,
who forwarded excellent speċimens of the tree d. samples of the rubber,
accompanying them with the following interesting letter :—
Mamu Forest Station, Ibadan District,
Dear Str, Lagos, May 3,1 1895.
For dnd improvement on, and advice about the rubber
tree discovered in this forest not quite a year ago by the energy of
Governor edes I: now send you the following parcels.
I have seen many foreign rubber trees and vines in the Botanie
Station at Lagos such as the Kosa rubber, Para rubber and the Ficus
elastica, but not this particular tree that I am going to describe. It
was first discovered in Acera about the year 1883 ‘and from its resources
y E ns and natives have made their fortunes. The vative
name of this rubber tree is Ire, Ireh, or Ere
The Ire tree is one of the most beautiful trees in the forest. From
243
known to the natives. I have heard of an instrument by which one
can easily extract the milk; can you give any help or direct me to
where I can get a sample? There are many ways in which the milk
is prepared : first by cutting a coffin-like hole in the trunk of a tree and
throwing in milk daily until it is full, then the milk is well covered, airtight
“if possible, and within a month it is quite solid. Of course in the rainy
season it may take two months before it is solid. This is known as the
silk rubber.
The one gathered and cooked in water and whose appearance shows
white after cooking (although the atmospheric influence causes it to get
E
he rubber cooked as npe and thickened by heat directly in
pot obtains varied prices. Can one improve on these methods? I ne
of one method, but it is ‘difficult to follow, for one cannot get the fresh
milk. The custom is to purchase ked milk. The preparation
I speak of is to allow the milk to remain in cold water (about double
This is then gathered and put in a bag, which can be hung up for
perfect draining or the bag put in a box with so many holes for the
water toescape. This fetches a good, and, I dare say, the best value ;
but unless one can command his own forest ae fresh milk is hard to
ge e sample of rubber sent is of the ral preparation cooked
as brought from the tree. If desirable J shail etd you a two feet long
log of the rubber tree. For any name appropriate for the tree and any
improvement on. the e roc Sc the rubber, also- for collecting the
same, I shall thank you very mu
I remain s
~ The Director, (Signed). . C. Orusr. |
Royal Gardens, Kew.
'HE RUBBER PLANT.
The specimens sent by Mr. Olubi led to the identification of the new
rubber plant as aeu — Benth. Of this plant we had very
little previous inform
n May 1888, a eni of seeds marked “India-rubber seeds” from
Winnebah, Gold Coast, West Africa, was forwarded to Kew by Messrs.
own to
Ni and i in i the island of Fernando Po. As tbe seeds were then in
commerce as a substitute for Strophanthus seeds, it was inferred that
the high poen they fetched was due to this and not to their value as a
means of propagating India-rubber plants. In fact, it seems that they
were never suspected to have any other importance "than that they lent
themselves readily for the adulteration of SETODAUNEKNE seeds. "Thus
Mr. E. M. Holmes, Mr. T. Chr isty,? Dr. J. Nevinny,? and lately Mr.
L. Planchon ! examined the seeds ot Kickxia africana from this point
1 Notes on false epope seat in Bar. Journ. Vol. XVII (1887) > 904.
? New Commercial Plants and Drugs, (1837), No. 10, p. 11, and Bg. 7 on p. 10
3 Kickxia aud Stropha micis, 1 in 7. ist óst. Apoth, 1887, Nos 20, 21, 2
* Preduits fournis à la peni médicale par la famille des do vite (1891) pp.
80, 81.
iz-
244
of view, and they pointed out the characters in which they differed
from the seeds of Strophanthus.
From Mr. Olubi's aoe quoted above it would appear that the tree
was known in Accra as early as 1883 as a rubber tree, and this evidently
accounts for the sta of seeds sent by Messrs. Bowden & Co., to
Kew, in 1888, being called Indis-anhibes seeds.
The vernacular name of the tree is spelt Ire, Iré, Irai, Ireh, and
Ereh. A similar name “ Ere” occurs in Moloney’s List of Timbers in
v " $
Forestry of
25-33 feet high and 4 feet in diameter, but no further particulars are
given.
The description of Kickxia africana drawn up by Bentham for
Hookers Icones Plantarum (t. 1276) was based Spon, matier scanty
material. Dr. Stapf who is engaged in the elaboration of the Apocynacee
for the Flora of Tropical Africa, has therefore prepared a more com-
plete description from the fuller material now available
Kickxia africana, Benth. in Hook. Ic. plant. t. 1276 (1877-79). A
large glabrous tree, 50-60 feet high with terete branchlets which turn
black in dying- Leaves 4-9 in. long, 13-3 in. broad, oblong, shortly
acuminate at both ends, coriaceous, with 8.10 n nerves on each side and
inconspicuous veins, petiole 2—6 lin. long. Flowers in shortly peduncled,
bracteate, often many flowered and much contracted cymes, originally
3 lin. long; bracts small, ovate, acute ; pedicels ie 3 lin. long.
about 12 lin. long, 5-partite, s segments ovate, with several glands at the
Corolla salver-shaped, yellow, tube fleshy, constricted at or just
below the middle, 3 lin. long ; lobes 5-6 lin. long, oblong, overlapping
to the right, nearly erect in bud, then spreading. Stamens 5, inserted
above the constriction of the tube and enclosed in it, filaments short €
broad having a gibbous swelling on the back ; anthers conniving in a co
. around the e stigma, to which they adhere bya slutinous: ves from di
base of the anther cells, sagittate, acuminate, tippe a few minute
hairs, basal tails solid, destitute of pollen, Dise fleshy, Kr 5 ii or more
or less comate lobes closely serrodnding the ovary to 2 of its height,
Ovary of 2 free minutely hairy carpels; style filiform; stigma
capitate, slightly grooved, constricted into a broad, conical apex; ovules
ulous, numerous in each cell. Follicles about 4-6 in. long, spread-
ing, thick, spindle-shaped, with two sharp l— ridges, woody.
Seeds 6-7 lin. long, spindle-shaped, compressed, brown, with a a long
basal awn (pointing towards the base of the follicle), wed a fine point
on the other end; awn naked at the base, otherwise covered with
long reversed silky hairs ; albumen forming a thin or rather thick coat
around the embryo ; miei contortuplicate and much longer than
the superior radicle.
The laticiferous vessels are found i in great numbers in the inner
-— a zone of bardened tissue and accompanied by cells conati
tals.
The habitat of Kickaia africana was stated in the Jcones to be
est Tropical Africa, Bagroo River, and Fernando Po, Mann
Ne 817, Bonny, Kalbreyer." It is red that it has a very wide
. distribution, extending from Sierra Leone to the Goid Coast and d
the mouths of the Niger to eis Bight. of ' Biafra. How so MÀ
extend in inland i it is impossible to say.
e
a
245
iicubel last Kew received from Captain Denton, CM acf
e. of the trunk of the Lagos rubber tree, each about 10 inches toa
foot in diameter, scored with the marks of the rubber gatherers. These
will be placed in the Kew museums. They were sent as the ** female ”
rubber tree, à name we learn that is locally applied to the Kickxia
africana, Benth. It is thus rum bre from Holarrhena africana,
quite a different plant, which is fancifully called the “male” rubber
tree. The latter is a Biblia ése insi not known to yield any rubber.
As showing the remarkable development which has taken place in the
rubber industry at Lagos during the last six months, the Acting
Governor has furnished Kew with the foliowing particulars :—
RETURN of bs ier s from Laos uin the half year ended
Jun 1895
e 30,
; |
Month. à Weight. | Value.
Ib | £
nua - - - 91,131 1,218.10 3
February - - - - 15,388 777
arch - B - - 26,316 419 |7-:8
Aprl - : . n 39,763 2,978 16 6
May - ‘ . s 2 216,916 11,700 0 7
June - - - - 268,619 19,5771 9 '*$
Total —- š s 588,633 | 99,765 18 5
dei E. A. Lovett, Collector of Customs.
July 12, 1895.
EXTRACTING THE RUBBER.
The following information respecting the mode of tapping the Tre
trees an nd preparing the rubber is taken from the Rep ort o the Botanie
was prepared. during the absence of Mr. Millen on leave by ) Mr.
I. G. R. Leigh, the acting-curato
In tapping the trees the bark is (Bs eut in à AP direction from
the bottom to the top. This single line is about } to $ of an inc ch broad
and deep enough to reach the inner bark. This ins the main groove.
On each side of this two series of oblique grooves, about two feet apart,
are cut, each vine into the main groove. The side grooves are made,
beginning at the top, and gradually reaching the base of the tree, All
the milk ‘exuding from the later -i grooves ue find d way into the main
groove and so ultimately reach the bottom, where a vessel is placed t
receive it. When sufficient milk has paanid it is then collated
bbe E
The methods adopted for coagulating the milk are then described.
ese are at — of two kinds, viz. : “the cold process” and “ the
heat process.” The cold PM is chiefly practised by the Fanti men
introduced from the Gold ast. cavity is excavated in the trunk of
a fallen tree so as to forma akih of the capacity necessary for holding
the milk collected during several days. Into this the rubber gatherers
246
pour the milk, after straining it, from day to day until it is quite full.
It is then covered with palm leaves and left for 12 to 14 days and some-
times much longer, depending on ihe season, until most of the watery
portions have either evaporated or sunk into the wood. After being
kneaded and pressed ciate the rubber thus obtained has a dark
brownish colour, with the inner portions S 2 slightly lighter colour.
Such rubber is known fissi as * silk rubbe
The em price is from 10d. to 1s. 2d. per [3 i
The heat process is the one generally adopted = the natives of Lagos.
This is much simpler in ee as it disposes of all the milk collected
at the close of each day. r being strained the milk is placed in
a vessel and boiled. The ruliber begins. to coagulate almost pee
the heat is applied, and after 2 boiling is over is removed in a som
what sticky A owing to being burnt, and of a blackish laie
e local price of this Pbb is from 9d. to 15. per pound. It is
ointed out that the heat process, though simpler, € the
quality of the rubber, and is calculated to injure the industr t is
probable that if the heat process were somewhat modified the results
would not be so injurious. An experiment was tried at the Botanic
Station to coagulate the milk by heat, but not applied directly to it.
The result was much more et memset The rubber came off of a milky
white colour, and after being pressed it was eeu and firm without
being sticky. A sample of this received at Kew reported upon by
S Hecht, Lewis, and Kahn. It is de estin piar to oe as
Messrs. Hecut, Levis, and Kann to Royat GARDENS, Kew.
21 dao: Lane, London, E.C.,
Dear SIR, September 13, 1895.
We have your yesterday’s lines, and also two samples of Lagos
rubber.
. We have had, both in Liverpool and in Hamburg, for the last six
months, large imports of rubber from Lagos, and this description seems
to have been favourably received by consumers.
oh sample No. 2 is of very fine quality, and higie Sra: worth, if
t in the same dedii and dry condition, from 2s. 3d. to 2s. 4d. per r Ib.
Your sample No. 3 is also good, but less close in een and much
damper, which shiney detracts from its value. Still, the rubber is
cleaner than the average arrivals from Lagos, and to-day’s value woul
be about Is. 5d. to 1s. 6d. per Ib.
From what we hear the production of rubber in Lagos is likely to
increase largely, and we only hope that the producers will keep the
rubber as clean and free from impurities as possible.
Always at your service,
n, &c.
John R. Jackson, Esq., (Signed) "ici; Levis, & Kaun.
Ro em Gardens, Kew.
The history of this new rubber industry in Lagos is full of interest,
and illustrates eod wonderfully rich resources of the vast forests of West
Africa. I also very clearly how largely these resources can be
developed by pe e and intelligent action on the part- of the
ernment.
: Should the i Kickxia rubber continue of commercial value, there
_ is no doubt t mr nM n I ossible to establis h regular
M. Smith del,
247
plantations, and thus make the industry a permanent one. It has
always been seen that owing to the climbing habit of the Species of
Landolphia which have hitherto yielded Africa n rubber, it was not —
practicable to cultivate them in er Desay planeta: as they required the
support of other plants, and when once tapped m years would
have to elapse before they would be üt to yield Munda c crop. With the
Kickxia these practical difficulties disappear.
e important position now oceupied by the rubber industry in
British Pomsesioitr i in West Africa may be gathered from the following
table compiled from the Supplement to the India Rubber Journal of
August 12, 1895 :—
Bere of Raw CaovrCHovo received in the UxrrEp. KrNGDoM from
British West Arrica, including the Gorp Coast and Lagos.
|
y. Average price
Year. | Weight. Value. per Cwt.
Cwts. £ s.
1890 - - ^ 33,876 297,453 175
1891 - - - 48,164 408,646 169
1892 - - 41,967 357,133 170
1893 - - - 54,357 452,799 166
1894 s Š ‘ 47,466 393,990 166
Total - -| 225,830 1,910,021 169
EXPLANATION OF PLATE.
1. Flowering branch ueris size). 2. Bud. 3. Segment of calyx
with glands at on base 4. Corolla, eut open with style and stigma
oved. ther, front view. 6. Pistil with disk (d). 7. A pair
of follicles (natural size). 8. Seed. 9. Transverse section of
t. testa, a. albumen, c. cavity). Nos. 2 to 6 and 8 and 9 all enlarged.
CCCCLXXIX.— DIAGNOSES AFRICANA, VIII.
(Continued from p. 230.)
ASCLEPIADEJE,
Auctore, N. E. Brown.
326. Tacazzia conferta, V. E. Brown ; caule puberulo, foliis oblongis
vel oblongo-lanceolatis ac acuminatis utrinque cede paniculis meet
formibus subsessilibus vel breviter pedune latis, floribus ces
ramulorum umbellatis, sepalis late ovatis Sötis vel subacutis ciliolatis,
corollæ łobis late oblongis obtusis emarginatis, coronæ lobis filiformibus
apice tortu osis
Habitat. as Apreni: Efat, Roth, 407.
m S petioli erg longi, laminz 23—4 poll. longs, 1-1} poll. latæ.
Pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi. Sepala 3-1 lin. longa. Corolla lobi 2-24
Jin. longi.
.248
. 827. Tacazzia nigritana, N. E. Brown; caule glabro, foliis anigi
"versus apicem cuspidato-acutum leviter angustatis supra glabris subtus
pubescentibus, paniculis pedunculatis glabris, sepalis e ovatis subacutis
glabris, corolla glabra, coronz lobis filiformibus erec
Habitat.—Niger territory: Aboh, Barter, 486.
Foliorum petioli E lin. longi, laminæ 23—3 poll. longe, 10-13 lin, late.
Panicule 2 poll. longe. Pedunculi 6-9 lin. longi. Kia dicelli 2-3}
lin. longi. Sepala llin.longa. Corolle lobi 2-23 lin. 1 ongi.
328. Taccazzia Kirkii, V. E. Brown ; caule tomentoso, iod heure
vel elliptico oblongis obtusis cuspidato-apiculatis vel tis basi
cordatis subcordatis vel obtuse rotundatis subtus ient pedine
' r hi 5,
erectis tortuosis, follicalis e dedit
Habitat.—Zambesi region : ma ‘ial near Tete, Kirk. Natal,
Gerrard, 1796
Foliorum DNR vx lin. longi, e gti poll. longs, 1-21 poil.
—4 poll. lo
late. Panicule 2. onge. Pedunculi 1— nx longi. Pedicelli
LT. lin., longi. pae: 1 lin. loe. E æ lobi 2 li in. longi.
ollicule 11-21 poll. longas, 31-4] lin, crasse.
329. Raphionacme . E. Brown ; caule pubescente erecto,
M gore s ellipticis vel elliptico- -oblongis obftsis utrinque pubescen-
cymis terminalibus multifloris, pedicellis atque sepalis lanceolatis
seninatntis pubescentibus, corollz lobis oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis
basi bicarinatis extus pubescentibus intus glabris, coronze lobis subulatis.
Habitat.—Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 4201, 4202.
Foliorum petioli 2-7 lin. longi, EE 1-22 poll. longs, 4-14 poll.
latæ. o Pedicelli 2-6 lin. longi. 'epala 11-2 lin. longa. Corolle
tubus 2 iin. xu lobi 4 lin. longi. Corone lobi 24 lin. lon
This e plant described by the late Dr. Baillon as wt
i Bes cie in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, 1889, Il., p. 806.
30. Secamone retusa, V. E. Brown; glabra, foliis oblongis vel
ovato-oblongis retusis vel omaiginatis apiculatis, cymis laxis peduneu-
latis, sepalis. ellipticis ven corolla rotato-campanulate lobis oblongis
obtusis, corona. lobis nutis dskpidep Dai stylo apice late
obconico truncato-bilobo ie antheras exserto,
Habitat.—Zanzibar, Kirk.
Foliorum petioli 1-1} lin. longi, laminæ 1-2 poll. long, 7-10 lin.
late. Pedicelli 14-2 lin. longi. Corolla 2 lin. diam.
331. Secamone Kirkii, V. E. Brown ; glabra, foliis elliptico-oblongis
subabrupte acuminatis, cymis lexis xdunculatis, sepalis late ovatis
‘subacutis ciliolatis, corollae rotato-eampanulatz lobis oblongis obtusis,
coronz lobis faleatis acutis, stylo apice terete subacuto minute bilobulato
ultra antheras exserto.
Habitat.—Zanzibar, Kirk.
Foliorum petioli 13-23 lin. longi, laminz 1-21 poll. longs», 6-16 lin.
late. Pedicelli 2-3 lin, longi. Sepala a4 lin, D Corolla 2 lin.
diam.
| 2. Secamone gracilis, W. E. Brown; glabra, ramis gracilibus
[3 oblongis obtusis basi rotundatis vel cuneatis, pedunculis 1-2-floris,
249
pedicellis gracilibus, sepalis ovatis vel oblongis obtusis vel sibat,
eorolle campanulate submembranaceæ lobis oblongis obtusis, coronæ
lobis falcatis, stylo apice late obconico subtruncato-bilobo ultra antheras
exserto. s
Habitat.—Mombasa, Wakefield.
Foliorum petioli 2—1 lin. longi, laminz 4-8 lin. longs;e, 2-4 lin. late,
Pedunculi 1 lin. longi. Pedicelli 3 lin. longi. Sepala vix 4 lin. longa.
Corolla 2 lin. longa.
333. Microstephanus, JV. E. Brown PU Lu genus novum]
Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla campanulata, tubo bre , lobis angustis
contortis sinistrorsum obtegentibus. Coron obi 5, minuti, cum
anthe e Columna stzeminum prope basin corolle enata,
5-suleata. Anthere erect», oblonge, ne ee
dorso valde convex, basi suleate. Pollinia in quoque loculo solitaria,
pendula, Stylus ultra antheras longe productus, apice bifidus. F'ollicult
lanceolati, acuminati, leves. Semina comosa. Fruticulus procumbens
vel volubilis. olia opposita. Cyme umbelliformes pauciflore ad
nodos laterales. Flores parvi.
A gen f one species, that has hitherto been placed eg
Astephanus, but it differs from that genus in the presence of a coron
which, although minute, is quite evident when searched for, and in
the different structure of the staminal- column, the anther-wings being
turned inwards towards the centre of the flower, forming five dee
grooves between the anthers, whilst in Astephanus they are turned
outwards in the usual way.
M. cernuus, N. £. Brown ; foliis petiolata. pune ovatis. ovato-
lanceolatis ovato-oblongis vel e culatis vel acutis
glabris vel plus minusve puberulis, cymis peduncolatis 1-4 floris, sepalis
ovatis acutis glabris, corolle campanulate lobis linearibus A e
obtusis leviter tortis glabris.—Astephanus cernuus, and A.
Deene, in Ann. Scien. wee vot. ser. 2, E eid and in DO. Prod Prod.
viii, p. 507; .4. aren Dee ne in DC. Viii, p.
A. recurvatus, Klas i in v Peters Maun. P. 274. po ovata,
Poir. ex. Decne. . Prod. 508.
Habitat. Por Trop. pins : Pemba Island, Bojer; Zanzibar,
Bojer, Kirk ; Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 1166, 1978; Mozambique, ark,
Scott; Usambara, Holst, 3037 ; Madagascar, Grévé, Elliot, 3011,
Commerson, Baron, 6192 ; Aldabra Island, Abbott :
iorum petioli 2—4 lin. longi, laminz 3 lin. ad poll. longs, 1
gt tion Padan li 1-2 lis longi. Pedicelli 11-24 lin. ME
Sepala 4 lin. longa. Corolle lobi 15-2 - longi.
The foliage of this € varies very much in form and texture, being
much thieker and more fleshy in some ancl than in others, but all
intermediate stages veni: and there.is no difference in the flowers of
the different specimens. It isa maritime plant.
a
334. Glossonema affine, N. Æ. Brown; caulibus pubescentibus,
a: petet ovatis obtusis = a subtus parce pubescentibus,
sessilibus i
us
pees pu ten ntibus, coroll lobis prias -ovatis obtusis. marginibus
reflexis, coronz lobis oblongis abrupte subulatis
250
Habitat.— Abyssinia, Schimper, 2219.
Planta 6-10 poll. € Foliorum petioli 2-5 lin. longi, lamins 1-1
poll. longe, 3 3-7 lin. late. Pedicelli 1—11 lin. longi. Sepa la 1-14 lin.
longa. Corolle lobi 1i lin. longi. Corone lobi 1} lin. longi.
335. Schizostephanus somaliensis, V. E. Brown; caule puberul 0,
foliis longe petiolatis cordatis obtusis ' emarginatis fere glabris, racemis
foliis brevioribus floribus solitariis vel binis subdistantibus, sepalis lanceo-
lato-oblongis subacutis, corolla lobis oblongis subobtusis prope apicem
saccatis marginibus revolutis, corona quinquelobata lobis cuneatis trifidis
intus bicarinatis.
Habitat.—Somaliland; Boobi, James & Thrupp.
~ Sgt pe a poll. longi, laminæ 14-3 m longz, 12-2]
poll. lat Racemi 2-3 poll. longi. Pedicelli je -lilin.longi. Sepala
— lin. Tonga. "Corolla lobi 13 lin. longi, 1 lin. lati. Corone lobi 14
336. Platykeleba, W. E. Brown [Cynanchearum genus novum].—
Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla !ate rotato-campanulata, breviter 5-loba.
mmm exterior basi coroll semiadnata, breviter cupularis,
bee dt lata vel sub-5-lobata, interioris lobi 5, antheris basi
, ovati, votis eum eorona exteriore partitionibus 5 connexi.
monat staminum e basi corolle exorta ; ere es
membrana inflexa appendiculate. Pollinia in quoque Joel soii
pendula. Stigma breviter rostrata, bilo eer aphyllus. Umbelle
pauciflorz, ad -nodos sessiles. Flores majuscu
A genus of one species, rather remarkable in appearance, with flowers
resembling those of Oxystelma, to which genus it is probably nearest
allied.
insignis, E. Brown; glabra, ramulis subgracilibus subsuccu-
Un m umbellis 4—5-floris, sepalis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis acutis,
corolla purpureo-venosa.
Habitat.—Central Madagascar, Baron, 973.
Rami sicci 1 lin. crassi. Pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi. Sepala $—1 lin.
longa. Corolla circa 8 lin. diam., lobi 2 lin. longi, 3 lin. lati. Corona
exterior 1} lin. diam., corone interioris lobi l lin. longi, 4 lin.
lati.
337. Xysmalobium Cars rsoni, N. E. Brown; caule simplice glabro,
foliis linearibus acutis glabris, umbels s paucis lateralibus terminalibusque
pedunculatis 3—4-floris, sepalis lanceolatis acutis glabris, heces lobis
elliptico—oblongis obtusis bei, coronæ lobis quam colum
paulo esanean pan oblongis apice obtusis subdenticulatis incurvatis
marginibus ine
Habitat. DP o Plateau: Fife station, Carson.
Caules 1-2 ped. alti. Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 1-14 lin. lata. Pedun-
culi et pedicelli 4-6 lin. longi. Sepala 2 lin. longa. Cote lle lobi 5-6
lin. longi, 3-4 lin. lati. Corone lobi 24 lin. longi, 1 lin. lati.
338. Xysmalo obium decipiens, V. E. Brown; caulibus simplicibus
bifariam pubescentibus, foliis linearibus acutis glabris, umbeliis laterali-
bus terminalibusque peduncul atis multifloris, corollae lobis arcte reflexis
251
oblongis acutis glabris, coronae lobis minutis ovatis obtusissimis colum
staminum adnatis et subtriplo brevioribus basi cum dentibus iinet
alternantibus connexis.
Habitat.—Angola: Huilla, near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 4175.
Caules \-1} ped. alti. Folia 34-6 poll. longa, 1-1 lin. lata. Pedun-
culi 5-7 lin. longi. Pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi. Sepala 3 lin. one
Corolle lobi 13 lin. oe lin. lati. Corone lobi} lin. longi. Colum
staminum 11 lin,
This species was uec Am with X. Holubii, S. Elliot, and in the
original description the characters of the corona of X. Holubii, are
unfortunately taken from this plant instead of from that collected by
Holub, for which the name was intended. I retain the name X. Holubit,
S. Elliot for Holub’s piant, in which the coronal lobes are narrow-oblong
eimi quite free from each other, and without any alternating tooth
them.
tween
339. T rii reticulatum, JV. E. Brown; caule erecto sub-
flexuoso bifariam pubescente, foliis breviter petiolatis anguste oblongis
obtusis vel divatis apiculatis basi rotundatis vel emarginatis venis
conspicuis reticulatis, sepalis reflexis lanceolatis acuminatis glabris,
coroll: lobis reflexis ovatis acutis glabris, coronz lobis quam columna
staminum brevioribus obovatis plano-convexis intus carinatis.
Habitat.—Shire Highlands, Buchanan.
Foliorum pne }-1 lin. longi, lamine 2-23 longs, 3-7 lin. late.
Pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi. Sepala 23 lin. longi. Corolle lobi 24 Tin.
longi, 1} lin. es Corone ine 1 lin. longi.
obium mem braniferum; INE. ey cov amc a
340. Xysmalobi
X pubescentibus, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis MN T edi is glabris, umbellis
lateralibus sessilibus 6-8-floris, pedicellis ‘pubesce , sepalis ov
bus
acutis glabris, wies oblongis subobtusis, ere te lobis oblongis
subacuti- basi carinatis.
Habitat. poseen Leone: near Falaba, Elliot, 5184.
Caules 1-13 ped. alti. Foliorum petioli 2-4 lin longi, lamine 3-34
poll. longs. +-7 lin. latæ. Pedicelli 4-7 lin. longi. Sepala 2 lin. ipn.
Corolle lobi 34 lin. longi, 13 lin lati. Corone lobi 1$ lin. longi.
341. Xysmalobium urium, V.E. Brown; erectum, patente pubescens,
foliis elongato-ovatis subobtusis basi rotundatis vel nuboui datis, umbellis
lateralibus «t terminalibus pedunculatis 5—6 floris, coroll; campanulate
lobis ovato-oblongis subacutis extus pubescentibus, coronz lobi
staminum columne exortis et duplo longioribus v wem cuneato-oblongis
dorso levite: carinatis apice irregulariter 3-denta
Habita'.—Nyassaland : Shire Highlands, iini 451.
Caules 2-4 ped. alti. Foliorum petioli 2-4 lin. longi, lamine 2-31
poll. longæ. !—1$ poll. late. Pedunculi 14-1} poll. longi. Pedicelli
9-10 lin. longi. Corolle lobi 8-9 lin. longi, 34-4 lin. lati. Corone
lobi 6 lin. longi, 21-2 lin. lati.
342. Xysmalobium rhomboideum, V. E. Brown ; caulibus validis
tomentosis, foliis ovato-oblongis subobtusis apiculatis basi cordatis vel
rotundatis parce pubescentibus, umbellis lateralibus sessilibus 6-8-floris,
252
pedicellis. subtomentosis, sepalis anguste lanceolatis acutis brevite
Min corolla campanulate lobis ovatis subacutis extus pubcscoltibug,
corone lobis e basi staminum columne exquilonge exortis, erectis
shamboideie subacutis intus carinatis. :
Habitat.— Angola: Huilla, Welwitsch, 4193.
Foliorum petioli 14-24 lin. longi, laminz 14-3 poll. longs, 9-13 lin
latae edicelli 5—6 lin. longi. Sepala 31-4 "in. longa. Corolle lobi
3 lin. longi, 2 lin, lati. Corone lobi 1} lin. longi.
343. Xysmalobium fraternum, JN. E. Brown; folis oblongis vel
obovato-obloügis obtusis apiculatis, basi angustatis glabris, umbellis
lateralibus 7-8 floris, pedicellis pubescentibus, sepalis lanceolatis
acuminatis glabris parce ciliatis, corolle lobis ovatis acutis reflexis,
corone lobis rhomboideo-ovatis subacutis intus carinatis.
Habitat.—Nyassaland : Shire Highlands, near Blantyre, Last.
Foliorum petioli Y m x gne laminz 11-21] poll. longe, 9-18 lin.
late. Pedicelli 5-6 lin. "Sepala 24-3 lin. longa. Corolle lobi
3 lin. longi 14 lin. lati. iaa lobi 11 lin. lon gi.
344. Schizoglossum firmum, JV. E. Brown; caulibus validis tomen-
tosis, foliis € n subobtusis a apieulatis basi cordatis
petiolatis is tomentosis, umbellis lateralib us peduneulatis 10-20-floris,
pedicellis sepalisque feist clan acuminatis tomentosis, corolle lobis
ovatis subobtusis minute bifidis extus pubescentibus, coron: lobis quam
columna staminum duplo longioribus erectis basi late oblongis in subulam
elongatam abrupte contractis intus carinis duobus contiguis.
Habitat.—Angola: Huilla, near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 4191.
Foliorum petioli 1-2} lin. longi, lamine 23-3 poll. longe, 6-12 lin.
. dunculi 9 lin 1i poll longi. Sepala 21-3 lin. longa.
Corolle lobi 2} lin. longi, 12 lin. lati. Coronc lobi 3 lin. longi.
rlossum quadridens, V. E. Bro caulibus erectis
paten greed foliis breviter petiolatis ERREEN vel lineari-
T rechts acutis vel subacutis vel inferioribus subobtusis basi angustatis
ree pubescentibus imbis pubescentibus albis, coronæ lobis quam
columna staminum paulo longioribus planis ovatis basi subcordatis apice
bidentatis intus prope apicem dentibus one faleatis subporrectis et
leviter bicarinatis extus basi obtuse carinatis.
Habitat. VERE Africa: the Plateau, East Grimes; Haygarth
(Herb. T 89.)
poll. ue us lin, late. Pedunculi 5-16 lin longi. iilii 3-5
E i ala 2-3 = date a Corolle lobi 3-31 lin. longi, 11 lin,
Corone lobi 1] lin.
This mu bd cactus = sieur. N. E. Br. in appearance, but has
odes different coronal-lobes.
masaicum, N. E. Brown; ; caulibus gracilibue
implicios iem e ncn pecias uad foliis lineari-fili formi
: 253
glabris, umbellis plurimis lateralibus sessilibus 7-12 floris, pedicellis
sepalisque ovato-lanceolatis acumina atis pubescentibus, corollæ lobis
t i subacutis pubescen ntibus marginibus p minusve reflexis,
oronæ lobis subquadratis obtusissimis intus unicornutis et bindis
cornibus supra antheras incurvatis.
Habitat. —Kilimanjaro Region: Maungu, 2000 feet, Johnston.
Caules 11-2 ped. alti. Folia 1-2 poll. longa, 1-$ lin. lata.
Pedicelli 1}-2 lin. longi. Corolle lobi 1-1] lin. longi. Corone
obi cornua inclusa 3 lin. longi.
347. Schizoglossum shirense, V. E. Brown; caulibus simplicibus
vel raro rüinosis bifariam nta foliis linearibus puberulis
fusco-purpureis, corone lobis subquadratis tridentatis dente intermedio
longissimo subulato erecto recurvato intus cornu longo instructis et
leviter bicarinatis.
Habitat.—Zawmbesi Region: Shupanga, Kirk; Shire Valley, Kirk,
Waller. .
Caules 2-3 ped. alti. Folia 14-3 poll. longa, 3-2 lin. lata, Pedicelli
1-2 lin. longi. Sepala 1 lin. longa. Corolle lobi 2} lin, longi, $ lin.
lati. Corone lobi 2-21 lin. longi.
348. Schizoglossum multifolium, JN. Æ. Brown ; caulibus simpli-
ibus crassiuseulis dense pubescentibus mujtifoliatis, folis verticillatis
subsessilibus vel brevissime petiolatis cuneato to-oblo ongis vel
obtusis basi Mott vel leviter rotundatis g
scaberulis, umbellis plurimis lateralibus sessilibus, pedis iberulis,
Jane s acutis fere g corolla lobis ovatis subacutis glabris,
coron: lobis subquadratis tridentatis dene intermedio elongato subulato
lateralibus minutis intus leviter carin:
_Habitat.—N yassaland, potas bé
Caules 14-23 ped. vel ultra alti. Folie 1-2 poll. Juss 3-12 lin.
lata. Pedicelli 2 lin. longi. Corolle lobi 2]in. longi. Corone lobi.
14 lin. longi.
349. Asclepias Schweinfurthii, JV. Æ. Brown ; caule simplice pubes-
cente, foliis cordatis vel cordato-lanceolatis plus minusve obtusis apiculatis
is eulati
s marginibus revolutis
icelli
Ets pei centi acutis extus puberulis, coronze lobis stellato-adscen-
dentibus complieatis lateribus inflexis dolabriformibus apice breviter
productis obtusis intus leviter gibbosis (an semper ?)
Habitat.—Jur : Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1960.
Foliorum petioli 1-2 lin. longi laminz 2-34 poll. longa, ad poll.
la Pedunculi 14-23 poll. longi. Pedicelli 8-12 lin. longi. Sepala
4 lin. e Mors olle lobi 6 lin. longi, 3-3} lin, lati. Corone lobi
3-9 lin. |
350. Asclepias conspicua, JV. E. Brown; caulibus ramosis subs
hispidis, ze elongato-ovati acutis basi _cordatis scabris, umbellis
duneulat
acuminatis hispidulis, Golis lobis Mite olei subacutis ciliolatis
254
extus puberulis, corons lobis oblongis complicatis intus bicarinatis
lateribus inflexis infra medium denta
Habitat.—F wambo, south of a Aangan riga 12.
Foliorum petioli, 1-3 lin. longi, laminze 14-2} poll. longs, 1-1
late. Pedunculi 21—4 poll. longi. Sepala 3-4 lin. Se Corolle bi
6-7 lin. longi, 4—44 lin. lati. Corone lobi 4 lin. lon ngi.
351. Asclepias fulva, JV. E. Brown ; caule simplice ferrugineo-pubes-
cente, foliis oblongis subacutis basi subcordatis vel em arginatis utrinque
ferrugin eo-pubescentibus demum glabratis, umbellis paucis 6—8-floris
pedunculatis, sepalis mpi oat acutis reflexis roan
puberulis, corolle lobis ovatis subacutis rellesis e xtus ferrugineo-
puberulis, coronz lobis subquadratis oblique rostratis rostro complicato-
bipartito supra antheras inflexo
Habitat deme Wilson, 112.
Foliorum petioli ix lin. longi, laminze 11-3 poll. longe, 3-1 poll late.
Pedunculi 11-2 poll longi. Pedicelli 6-9 lin . longi. Sepala 3 lin.
onga. Corolle ii r lin. longi, 3 lin. lati. Corone lobi 2 lin. longi.
352. Asclepias albida, JV. E. Brówn ; ; caulibus elatis pubescentibus,
uneati s
pedicellis sepalisque lanceolatis acuminatis ubescentibus, corolla lobis
reflexis ellipticis obtusis extus glabris intus microscopice puberulis,
coronas lobis quam columna staminum subduplo longioribus com licatis
marginibus apicalibus ad medium incisis cum dentibus 1 is faleatis ex
angulis interioribus reflexis intus nudis basi utrinque gibbosi
Habitat.— Abyssinia, Schimper, 27.
Folia 4-6 poll. longa, LR, lin. lata. Pedunculi 3-1} poll. longi
Pedicelli ł-1 poll. longi. "Sepala 3-34 lin. longa. Corolle lobi 6 lin.
longi, 31—4 lin. lati. Corone lobi 3 lin. longi.
363. x cena propinqua, V. E. Brown; caule humili pubescente,
foliis linea vel lineari-filiformibus marginibus revolutis subto-
mentosis, gi terminalibus peduncu ulatis 3-4 - flo j pedicellis
sepalisque lanceolatis acutis agency corollae lobis ovato-oblongis
subobiusis, corone lobis quam columna staminum multo longioribus
complicatis apice obtuse rotundatis lob fice $ in dentes faleatos
productis sursum directis intus dente oblongo obtuso instructis
Habitat rmm tani Smith.
Folia 3-11 poll. longa, 1-1 lin. lata. ae tance 1-13 poll. longi.
Pedicelli 74-12 lin. longi. Sepala 21-3 longa. Corolle lobi 5
Tin. longi, 3 lin. lati. Corone lobi 3-34 lin. wit
354. Asclepias spectabilis, V. Æ. Brown; caulibus validis pubes-
centibus, foliis lanceolatis acutis basi plus minusve rotundatis pubes-
centibus, umbellis €— TrA pedunculatis, pedicellis
sepalisque lanceolatis acum eee ae eorolle lobis oblongis
obtusis plus minusve sophisti Üre lobis quam columna staminum
m cor complicatis apice oblongo-ovatis vittis lateribus inflexis in
vel lineari-oblongos truncatos productis —
Pet utrinque gibbosis intus cornu subulato vel oblongo instructis
— Habitat.—N yassaland ; Buchanan, 441, 553 ; Blant Iam £
Sg ae D MNMND Waller. de :
255
. _ Foliorum petioli 1-6 lin. longi, lamine 34-7 poll. longe, 1-2 poll,
— late. Pedunculi 3-13 poll. longi. Pedicelli 2-11 poll. longi. Sepala
Hr a longa. Corolle lobi 9 lin. longi, 3$ lin. lati. Corone lobt
ongi.
“355. Ascle epias flavida, N. E. Brown ; a ramosa, ramis patenti-
bus albo-tomentosis, niu linearibus acutis ar Tnibus revolutis glabris
icu
acuminatis albo-tomentosis, corolla profunde 5-loba reflexa lobis e an
ovatis acutis glabris in uno margine ciliatis, coronæ lobis supra
taminum column: basin exortis et column: apicem attingentibus com-
plicatis subquadratis angulis interioribus dentibus falcatis abrupte reflexis
instruetis intus ecornutis, folliculis immaturis ellipsoideis breviter
cuspidato-rostratis parce setosis subglabris
Ha v their Darsa, Surry, Golis Range, Miss Cole, Mrs.
Lort ieis
Fru m ped. altus. Folia 11-3 poll. longa, 1-3 lin.
Pidenwii 7-11 lin. longi. Pedicelli 7-11 lin. longi. Sepala wn
lin. longa. Corolle lobi 4 lin. longi, 24 i rone lob: 2 lin.
longi, 14 lin. lati. Columna staminum 23 lin. longa.
E
356. Asclepias tenuifolia, V. £. Brown ; E tenuibus ramosis
pubescentibus, foliis filiformibus prouenn umbellis lateralibus et
terminalibus pedunculatis 3-5-floris, pedunc ulis pedicellis sepalisque
lanceolatis acuminatis osteitis coroll lobis ellipticis subobtusis
extus pubescentibus, coronz lobis complicatis fere semiorbiculatis apice
truncatis lateribus ad apicem in dentes porrectos — ctis.
Habitat. PPS tun Baines.
Folia 1-2} poll. 1 Pedunculi 4—6 lin. longi. Pedicelli 4—5
lin. longi. Sepala 1-1} Plin. longa. Corolle lobi 2-2} lin. longi, 14
lin. lati. Coronc lobi 1 lin. longi.
357.—As clepias pygmea, N. E. pid ; nana, caulibus pubes-
centibus, foliis linearibus acutis scaberulis, umbellis paucis orym-
bosis pedunculatis 4—6-floris, pedunculis edictis sepalisque lanceolatis
acutis pubescentibus, qoem lobis oblongis subobtusis extus pubes-
centibus, coronæ lobis stellato-radiantibus complicatis lateribus ad
basin in dentes erectos lato almiae productis.
Habitat.—The lower plateau north of a ae Thomson.
Planta 3-4 poll. alta. Folia 1-2 poll a, 4 lin. lata. Pedunculi
6-9 lin. longi. Pedicelli 4-6 lin longi. "endis 2 lin. longa. Corolle
lobi 24-3 lin. longi, 14 lin. lati. Corone lobi 2 lin. longi.
8. Margaretta distincta, V. E. Brown; erecta pubescens, foliis
cerit petiofatis oblongis "vel lanceolato-oblongis subobtusis basi
cordatis, umbellis pedunculatis lateralibus et terminalibus 6-10-floris,
sepalis la lanceolato-acuminatis, corolle campanulate lobis ovato-oblongis
subobtusis non revolutis, corone lobis quam columna staminum duplo
longioribus erectis basi anguste complieatis tricentatis superne in
inas ee vel spathulato-oblongas expansis apice
denticulat
S déL- -Misstains east of Lake Nyassa, Johnson.
256
Folia 2-4 poll. vel ultra longa, 5-9 lin. lata. Pedunculi 1-2 poll.
longi. .Pedicelli 6-8 lin. longi. Sepala 34-4 lin. longa. Corolle
lobi 5 lin. longi, 24-3 lin. lati. iio onc lobi 3 lin, longi.
359. Margaretta orbi cularis, N. E. Brown; arc simplicibus
pubescentibus, » foliis brevissime ' petiolatis linearibus vel lineari-lanceo-
latis acutis vel acuminatis utrinqué pubescentibus, ambell paucis
e i " "det
lanceolato-acuminatis subtomentosis, corolle lobis oblongis obtusis
apice revolutis, coron: lobis basi complicato-bidentatis abrupte in
laminas gels expansis.
Habitat.—N yassaland : Moravi country, west of Lake Nyassa, Kirk ;
Elephant PRA north Nyassa, Scott.
Caules 4-2 ped. alti. Folia 2-4} poll. longa, 2-7 lin. lata. Pedun-
culi 3-3} poll longi. Pedicelli 2-4 lin. longi. Sepala 2-24 lin.
longa. Corolle lobi H4. lin. longi, 11-12 lin. lati. Corone lobi
4—41 lin. longi, 3-4 lin. lat
360. Cynanchum .complexum, N. Æ. Brown ; yolub, foliis cordatis
acutis vel obfūsis mucronatis glabris, umbellis pedunculatis 8-12 floris,
sepalis ovatis acutis, glabris, corollæ lobis lineari-oblongis obtusis glabris,
corona tubulosa 10-dentata intus lobis 5 brevibus complicatis instructa
dentibus subulatis subæqualibus.
Habitat. — Shire Valley above the Cataracts, shah -and near
Mazzaro, Kirk. Shupanga Forest and Chiloane, Scot
Foliorum petioli r poll. longi, laminæ 1-2 poll. ee 71-16 lin.
late, Pedunculi 4-18 lin. longi. Pedicelli 3-5 lin. longi. Sepala
2 lin. longa. Corolle lobi 2- 3 lin. longi, # lin. lati. Corone tubus
1-1} lin. longus, dentes 1 lin. longi
3 achum fraternum, JN. E. Brown ; volubile, foliis oblongo-
ovatis seuriinatis basi rotundatis vel cordatis, racemis brevibus umbelli-
formibus pedunculatis, pedunculis pedicellisque puberulis, sepalis late
ovatis subacutis parce pubescentibus, corolle lobis oblongis obtusis
glabris, corona tubulosa 10-dentata intus nuda dentibus lineari-filiformibus
alternis multo brevioribus.
Habitat, — pum: Tigré, Schimper; near Djeladjeranne,
Schimper, 180
Foliorum E 2-6 lin. longi, lamine 4-2 poll. longe, 4—12 lin.
late. Peduneuli 1-4 lin. longi, Pedicelli 114 lin. longi. Sepala
i lin. lo onga. Corolle lobi 1 lin. lon ngi. Corone tubus H3 lin. longus,
dentes longiores 1-11 lin. longi, dentes breviores }—} lin.
. . 362. Cynanchum clavidens, V. Æ. Brown ; ramis lignosis gracilibus,
folis hastatis acutis vel obtusis glabris, umbellis nm 5-6-floris,
DE puberulis sepalis ovatis vel lanceolatis a p te corollze
)bis lanceolatis obtusis marginibus revolutis, wert a bulosa 10-dentata
intus 10-plicata, dentibus clavatis alternis brevioribus.
MPs Dam) Boobi, James & MD
— Foliorum petioli 6-8 int ae E en lin. longze, basi 34—4 lin
late. Pedicelli 243—4. iim ongi.: Sep ti lin. longa. Corolla
; Yin long 2 lin. Mei 2 MR lati. ; aa pr p ongus, dentes longings
Y vide xc
257
3. Cynanchum hastifolium, V. E. Brown; volubile, foliis hastatis
E glabris; umbellis sessilibus diosa pedicellis sepalisque su subulatis
uberulis, corollae lobis lineari ibus arginibus utis, corona
tubulosa 10-dentata intus carinarum ictus 5 lorica dentibus
NS reel et filiformibus Siin cum denticulis minutis
interjectis
Habitat. —Abyssinia: near Djeladjeranne, Schimper, 1690.
Foliorum petioli 3-6 lin. longi, laminz 4-16 lin. longz, basi 3-7 lin.
late. Pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi. Sepala 1 lin. longa. Corolle lobi
21-3 lin. longi, 4-3 lin. lati. Corone tubus 1} lin. longus, dentes $ lin.
longi.
. Cynanchum vagum, JN. E. Brown ; volubile, foliis elongato-
ovato-oblongis- acutis vel acuminatis basi cordatis glabri ris vel parce
multifloris pedunculatis, pedunculis
pedicellis atque sepalis ovatis acutis pubescentibus, corolle lobis ovatis
' subaeutis glabris, corona — i 5-loba lobis bidentatis dentibus
brevibus asain distantibus
Habitat.—Congo, near — Pool, Hens, 77.
Foliorum petioli 3-8 lin. longi, mne 1—21 poll. longs, 4—10 lin
late. Pedunculi 1—2 lin. longi. Pedicelli 1— -34 lin. DNE. Sepala } lin.
longa. Corolle lobi $-3 lin. longi. Coco 1 lin. longa
365. Cynanchum brevidens, N. E. Brown ; volubile, foliis elongato-
oblongis acuminatis basi cordatis glabris vel parce pubescentibns, racemis
brevibus umbelliformibus peduneulatis, pedunculis pedicellis atque sepalis
ovatis senis pubescentibus, corollæ lobis ovato-o mae iur s subobtusis
glabris, corona cupulari breviter 5-dentata intus 10-cari
Sibi —Congo, Burton.
Foliorum petioli 3-11 lin. longi, laminz 1-2 poll. longe, 4-9 lin. late.
Pedunculi 1-3 lin. longi. Pedicelli 1-4 lin. longi. "Sepala 4-3 lin.
longa. Corolla lobi $—$ lin. longi. Corona circa 1 lin. longa.
ar. zambesiacum, JN. E. Brown; corona j lin. longa infra medium
quinque lobata cum dentibus 5 minutis — lobis in subulam
brevem acuminatis vel abruptissime contrac
Habitat.—Zambesi: Expedition Island, Sai
366. Tylophora oblonga, N. E. Brown ; volubilis glabra, foliis petio-
latis oblongis Yel elliptico-obovatis brevite ter cuspidato-acuminatis basi
cuneatis vel cuneato-rotundatis, peduncu is cymas 3—4 umbelliformes
distantes gerentibu us, sepalis ovatis acutis, corolle rotate lobis oblique-
oblongo-obovatis apice rotundatis minute — coron: lobis minutis
tuberculiformibus supra planis subtus convex
Habitat.—Fernando Po, Mann, 277.
Foliorum petioli 6-9 lin. longi, laminz 21-3 poll. longs, 1-13 poll.
late. deese inns 2-3 poll. longa. Pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi. Sepala
FA lin. longa. Corolla 34-4 lin. diam., lobis 14 lin. longis, 1 lin.
7. Tylophora stenoloba, N. E. Brown; caule volubili ri ge
foliis petiolatis o oblongis vel clliptco-obtongis obtusis mucronulatis
obtusis vel cuneato-rotundatis glabris, umbellis ad nodos ca cam
plurifloris, pedicellis eapillaribus glabris, sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis
glabris, corolle lobis e basi ovata linearibus apice leviter dilatatis glabris,
u 88977. B
258
corone lobis tuberculiformibus basi truncatis superne angustatis.—
Astephanus stenolobus, K. Schum. in Engler Pflanzenw. Ost.-Afr. Th.
C. p. 321.
Habitat.—UÜsambara : Doda, Holst, 2977a.
Foliorum petioli 14-2 lin. longi, laminz 9-15 lin. longe, 4-8 lin.
late. Pedicelli 7-8 lin. longi. Sepala 1 iin. longa. Corolle lobi 21
lin. longi.
This plant has been placed by Dr. Schumann in the genus Astephanus
among the € 'ynanchee, but the whole structure of the flower is that of
a Tylophora
368. Tylophora conspicua, V. E. Brown; caule volubili tomentoso,
foliis petiolatis oblongis vel obovato- oblongis breviter acuminatis vel
cuspidatis basi cordatis, glabris venis pubescentibus, pedunculis pubes-
centibus cymas 2 um elliformes Sue cru. sepalis ovato-lanceolatis
acutis pubescentibus, corolle r labrze lobis oblique orbiculari-
oblongis obtusis, coronæ lobis SESS ae ovoi
Habitat.—Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, eem 4215.
Foliorum petioli 9 lin.—2$ poll. longi, laminæ 21-7 poll. iae
(14-31 poll. late.. Pedunculi 9-12 lin. longi. Pedicelli 3-4 lin.
epala 2 lin. longa. Corolla 7-8 lin. diam., lobis 21 lin. longis et latis,
Corone tuberculi, 1 lin. longi.
9. Tylophora cameroonica, V. E. Brown ; caule ioc ‘sigue
foliis petiolatis ovatis vel elliptico- ovatis cuspidato-acuminatis basi
cordatis glabris, cymis laxis ramulis cymulas are foit pluries
gerentibus primum ferrugineo-puberulis demum glabratis, sepalis lanceo-
tis acutis prm corolle rotate lobis ovatis subobtusis, coronz lobis
tuberculiformibus
Habitat. Bikes dw Rio del Rey, Johnston.
Foliorum petioli 9-15 lin longi, lamine 3-54 poll. imer 2-3 poll.
late. Cyme 4-5 poll diam. Pedicelli 14-2 lin longi. Sepala
4—2 lin. longa. Corolla 2} lin, diam., lobis 1 lin. longis, $ lin. latis.
Corone lobi } lin. longi.
370. Marsdenia angolensis, V. Æ. Brown : volubilis, foliis cordato-
ovatis acuminatis supra VU NS ntibus subtus subtomentosis, cymis
laxis ramulis apice umbelliferis pubescentibus umbellis 10—14-floris,
sepalis obovato-oblongis vel adir apa obtusis, corollae campanu-
late lobis elliptico-oLlongis obtusis extus pubescentibus intus glabris,
corone lobis lineari-oblongis basi dilatatis bicarinato-alatis.
Habitat.—Angola, Welwitsch, 4245, 4250.
Foliorum petioli 1-1} poll. on — 2-3 poll. longs, E poll.
late. Pedicelli 4—5 lin. longi. rd es lin. longa, j-$ lin. lata.
ee tubus 14-2 lin. longus, lobi ot lin. 1 ongi. Corone tobi 1} lin lin
ua
371. Marsdenia profusa, JN. E Brown; volubilis, oii ptio
cordatis cuspidatis vel acuminatis glabris, paniculis e 3-5 r mulis
positis umbellas plurimas sessiles gerentibus sepalis iate elligticls obtusis
minutissime ciliatis, corolle rotato-campanulatz lobis ovatis acutis
glabris, coronz lobis oblongis subacutis planis,
Habitat —Niger Di sehen d Brass, — 16.
259
Foliorum petioli 1-2 poll. longi, lamine 3-5 poll. longe, 2-31 poll.
. Panicule 5-8 poll. longer. Pedicelli 1}-1q lin. hy Sepala
4 lin. longa. Corolla 1} lin. diam. Corone lobi 1 lin. longi
372. Anisopus, N. E. Brown; [Marsdeniearum genus novum].
Calyx 5- -partitus. Corolle tubus s brevis; limbus 5-lobus, lobis patentibus
valvatis. Corona duplex ; gri lobi 5 sub sinubus corolle affixi ;
interioris lobi 5 columne staminum affixi antheris sera Columna
ultra antheras breviter exsertus, apice bifidus.— Frutex volubilis, glaber.
Folia opposita. Umbelle axillares, opposite, altera pedunculata altera
sessilis.
Anisopus Mannii VN. Brown; foliis herbaceis petiolatis
ellipticis vel elliptico-oblongis abrupte acuminatis basi rotundatis,
umbellis globosis multifloris solitariis vel pedunculis 2-4 fasciculatis
bracteatis, bracteis foliosis, sepalis elliptico-ovatis obtusis, corollz lobis
lineari-oblongis columnz staminum æquilongis basi adnatis -— ‘liberis
incu urvis acutis obtusis vel minute bifidis dorso canaliculatis
Habitat.— Corisco Bay, Mann, 1862.
Foliorum petioli 1-3 poll. longi, laminz 24-8 poll. longe, 1}-1} poll.
late. asap 1-2 ‘poll. longi. Pedicelli 34-4 lin. longi. Sepala
i lin. long Corolle tubus 1-1} lin. longus, lobi l} lin. longi.
oe eius lobi + lin. longi, i lin. lati, interioris lobi 1-14
lin. longi.
373. Pergularia africana, N. E. Brown; volubilis, glabra, foliis
ovato-oblongis Ced late ovatis breviter, cuspidatis apice obtusis basi
rotundatis cordatis vel cuneatis glabris v arce lis,
umbellis fateralibus peduneulatis vel subsessilibus a, pedicellis
sepalisque lanceolatis vel ovatis acutis glabris, corolle h teriformis
iter
villosis, coronze lobis elliptico-lanceolatis orbiculari-obovatis vel obovato-
oblongis obtusis vel subacutis intus ligula lineari vel lanceolato-attenuata
acuta instructis
Habit "eere Rowland. Niger C: Nupe and Ifaye,
Barter, 3332; Old Calabar, Thomson. Sierra Leone, Elliot, 4589,
5498, 5553. Natal, McKen, 2, Wood, 3395.
Folorium petioli 4 lin.—3 ced ongi, lamine 2-4 poll. longs, 1-3
poll. late. Pedunculi 0-5 lin. longi. Pedic elli : 2-3 E lengi. Sepala
VE lin. longa. Corolle tubus 3-4 lin. longus, lobi 31-6 lin. longi,
2 lin. lati. Coro lobi 1-1$ lin. longi, ligula 1 lin. longa.
374. Fockea Schinzi, JN. Æ. Brown; volubilis, foliis hysteranthiis,
cymis axillaribus multifloris compactis tomentosis, sepalis ovatis acutis
corolla lobis anguste oblongis obtusis marginibus revolutis extus glabris
intus puberulis, corona tubulosa, inieqaaliter 10-dentata intus paribus
5 dentium instructa dentibus cuiusque paris superpositis.
Habitat.— Angola, Welwitsch, 4194. Amboland; Ombandja,
Schinz.
Pedicelli 2-5 lin. longi. Sepala 1-11 lin. vmm Corolle tubus
1 lin. longus, lobi 34-4 lin. longi. Corona 2 lin. long
88977.
C
260
. 875. Foc undulata, JN. E. Brown ; coule basi ramoso ramis- brevi-
bus puber cam LEE sessilibus stie. deme revoluto-uncinatis acutis
marginibus undulato-revolutis supra minute puberulis subtus glabris,
oblongis obtusis extus pu wars corona subidos 10-lobatae lobis trifidis
alternis minoribus in ean subintegris dentibus filiformibus lateralibus
multo minoribus, tubo intus ló-carinato carinis intermediis validis in
dentes 5 filiformes quam es sublongiores exirent ibus
Habitat.—Transvaal; Rhenoster Kop, Burke.
Rami 11-3 poll. longi. Folia 1-1} poll. longa, 2-1 lin. lata. Pedi-
rd llin. longi. Se ala 1-1 lin. Nu Corolle tubus 1 lin. longus,
bi 2-21 lin. SUR ł lin. lati. Corone tubus 14-14 lin. longus, dentes
bebe 14 lin, longi.
76. Riocreuxia pr AN. E. Brown ; foliis, petiolatis ovatis vel
elliptico-ovatis breviter cuspidatis acutis basi cordatis supra gla ris
ymi agni
linearibus acutis truncatis vel bifidis conniventibus.
- Habitat. —WNyassaland, Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 205, 455.
Foliorum petioli 1-23 E longi, laminz 24-54 poll. longs, 13—4 poll.
late. Cyme rami 41-7 poll. longi. Pedicelli 3-13 poll. longi. Sepala
1jlin.longa. Corolla en lin. longa. Corone exterioris interiorisque
lobi 1 lin. longi.
377. Ceropegia constricta, V. E. Brown ; caule volubili glabro, foliis
ovatis. vel elliptieis subabrupte acutis mueronatis basi late cuneatis
setuloso-denticulatis glabris, pedunculis 2-3-floris, sepalis lanceolato-
eoron:e exter is lobis minutis bursefor mibus, interioris lobis lineari-
subulatis snide saecu basi cariuatis.
Habitat.—Tanganyika, Carson, 35.
Foliorum petioli, 3-4 lin. longi, laminze 9-15 lin. longz, 5-10 lin.
; Peduncili 9-15 lin. longi. Pedicelli 3-5 lin. longi, Sepala
2 lin. longa. Corolle nes '"H poll. longus, lobi 4-6 lin. longi. Corone
interioris lobi 1} lin. long
378. Ceropegia subtruncata, N. E. Brown ; caule volubili unifariam
pubescente, foliis petio'atis ovatis vel oblongo-obovatis subeuspidato-
acuminatis subtus pilosis ciliatis, floribus solitariis pedicellatis, sepalis
lanceolato-attenuatis parce pubescentibus, corolle tubo curvato o
basi leviter inflato limbo subtruncato apiculato lobis late rhomboideis
replicatis apice connatis glabris, coronæ exterioris lobis profunde bifidis,
interioris lobis linearibus acutis erecto-conniventibus
Habitat.—Abyssinia, Schimper, 628.
-Foliorum petioli 6-9 lin. longi, laminæ 13—31 poll. s i met
€ Pedicelli 7-91 lin. longi. mom olle ses om longus, d dns
@ exterioris lobi lin. longi, interioris bi a lin.
261
- 379. Ceropegia nigra, JV. Æ. Brown ; caule volubili oet foliis
petlointis ovatis vel oe ovatis acutis vel secon bas cordatis
ovatis obtusis marginibus recurvis intus glabris nigris, corone exterioris
lobis rectangularibus bifidis, interioris lobis filiformibus erectis apice
incurvis penicillatis.
Hantar .—Niger territory, Baikie.
rum petioli 4—6 lin. longi, laminæ 9-16 Jin. lóngæ, 6-12 lin. latae.
Pedicelli i$ lin. er m Sepala r Fe lin. longa. Corolle tubus 6 lin.
longus 2} lin. longi, eer lin. lati. Corone exterioris lobi + lin.
lo longi, vimos lobi 14 lin. longi
380. pegia- tentaculata, JV. E. Brown; caule volubili glabro,
foliis petiolatis succulentis linearibus oblongis ovatis ovato-lanceolatis
vel spathulato-obovatis acutis vel obtusis mucronulatis basi cuneato-
acutis vel rotundatis ylabris, abellis eE l-multifloris, sepalis
lanceolatis acutis glabris, corollæ tubo recto vel leviter curvato asi
inflato apice leviter ampliato extus ghlro, — liberis patentibus e b
deltoidea in apicem capillarem attenuatis, coron voie ea lobis minutis
co ande interioris lobis erectis sie pathulat
ior Loanda, Welwitsch, 4277. eto Omatope
and vac Schinz
Foliorum petioli 1-3 lin. longi, laminz 9 lin.-2 poll. peli) AS 15 lin.
late. Pedicelli 3-5 lin. longi. Sepala 1 lin. longa. Cor ubus
7 -9 lin. longus, lobi 5-6 lin. Jongi. Corone interioris lobi n px tenet
a he ee ie bolifera, N. E. Brown; caule volubili u nifariam
_ pubesce liis petiolati s lanceolatis acuminatis subtus pubescentibus
ciliatis, floribus binis pedicellatis, sepalis cBlngedadenlsti acutis glabris, .
te tubo vix curvato subeylindrico vix inflato glabro, lobis
incurvatis apice connatis replieatis intus carinatis glabris, e ex-
terioris lobis det bifidis ciliatis, interioris lobis linearibus t
conniventibus
Habitat. Aai Schimper, 463.
Foliorum petioli 2—8 lin. sie lamin 8--12 lin. longs, 2—4 lin. late.
Pedicelli 3-4 lin. longi. Sepala 1} lin. longa. Corolla tubus 7-8 lin.
longus, lobi 4 lin. longi. uh exterioris lobi 2 lin. ron interioris
lobi 1 lin. longi.
' 2. Ceropegia volubilis, V. Æ. Brown ; caule volubili etm foliis
rey — vatis acuminatis mucronatis glabris ciliolatis
culis glabris 2-4-floris, sepalis subulatis, corullz tubo curvato basi p sió
glabro, lobis deltoideo- oblongis erectis replicatis apice connatis superne
ciliatis, corona exteriore 10-dentata ciliata, corone interioris lobis
linearibus erectis.
Habitat.—-Angola, Welwitsch, 4979,
Foliorum petioli 44-9 lin. longi, laminz 1}--2 poll. long, 74-17 lin.
late. Pedunculi 2-5 lin. longi. Pedicelli 3—4 lin. € Sepala 13
lin. longa. Corolle tubei 6-74 lin. longus, lobi 3 lin. longi. Cor one
exterioris dentes 4 lin. longi, interioris lobi 1 lin. longi.
383. Cer ropegia angusta, N. E. Brown ; volubilis, m— foliis
petio. olatis lineari-l vel obtusis , bas otundatis
es
262
subpeltatis, pedunculis 1—2-floris, floribus subdistantibus, sepalis lanceo-
latis attenuatis, corolle tubo recto basi inflato extus papillato-ruguloso
intus glabro, lobis conniveatibus apice cow replieatis intus carinatis
carinis ciliatis, corona exteriore 10-dentata ciliata, corone interioris lobis
linearibus connivento-erectis.
Habitat.—Angola, Welwitsch, 4276.
Foliorum petioli a m longi, laminæ 1-21 poll. longe, 13-3 lin.
late, Pedunculi 3-5 lin. longi. Pedicelli 21-3 lin. longi. Sepala
1} lin. longa. Corolle RES 41-5 lin. longus, iobi 2 lin. longi. Corone
exterioris dentes } lin. longi, interioris lobi 1 lin. longi.
`. 384. Ceropegia distincta, JV. E. Brown; volubilis, glabra, foliis
ovato-oblongis vel late elliptico-ovatis breviter cuspi idato-acutis vel
acutis basi breviter cordatis, pedunculis 1-2-floris, sepalis enriba vel
subulatis acutis, corolle tubo curvato basi inflato apice infundibuliformi,
lobis inflexis et in tubum brevem angustum connatis deinde in capitulum
Lv iis dilatatis, corone interioris lobis erectis lineari-spathulatis
obtus
persi -—Zanzibar, Kirk, 28.
Foliorum petioli AE g longi, laminæ 2-3 poll. re 1-2 ss late.
Tos ig li 1-14 p ongi. Pedicelli 4-8 lin. lon Si 6
n. lo onga. Coro E pees cirea 1l poll. longus, lobi circa 6 fin. longi.
noms interioris lobi 1} lin. longi.
385. Ceropegia scandens, NV. Æ. Brows; volubilis glabra, foliis
petiolatis ovatis oblongo- ovatis vel elliptico- ovatis acuminatis
rotundatis vel emarginatis, eap cte 4—7-floris, sepalis nate apice
revolutis, corolle tubo curvato basi leviter inflato , lobis erectis apice
connatis oblongo-ovatis replicatis ciliatis intus carin i coronas
exterioris lobis bifidis ciliatis, interioris lobis erectis linearibus
subacutis.
Habitat.—Angola, Welwitsch, 4273.
Foliorum petioli 6-9 lin. longi, lamina 2-3} poll. longe, 11-13 p
fate. Pedunculi 1 poll. longi. Pedicelli 5 "s longi. Sepala s
lin. lon Corolle tubus cirea 6 lin. longus, lobi circa 2 lin. longi.
Corone exterioris lobi 1 lin. longi, interioris lob; à lin. longi.
N. E. Brown ; caule volubili p, foliis
petiolatis lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis acutis vel obtusis apiculatis
basi rotundatis marginibus .scaberulis, racemis 2-4- flori s, floribus
distantibus, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acutis glabris, corollæ tubo recto
cylindrico basi obliquo apice late infundibulariformi extus glabro intus
villoso, lobis erecto-conniventibus apice connatis linearibus basi dilatatis
replieatis plicis ciliatis, corona exeriore 10-dentata ciliata, corone
interioris lobis linearibus erecto-conniventibus apice revolutis.
Habitat.—Jur : ' Ghattas Schweinfurth, 2105.
Foliorum petioli 14-3 lin. longi, lamine 1}-2 poll. longæ, 4-9 lin.
late, Pedunculi TA M oll. longi. Pedicelli 25-3 lin. rgs Sepala
H lin. Jonga. LIA tubus circa 9 lin. longus, lobi 7 lin. longi.
Corone exterioris dentes 4 lin. longi, interioris lobi 1 lin. jigi
387. C ia medoensis, V. E. Brown; caule erecto mollite
pubescente, foliis brevissime petiolatis ovatis vel oblongis obtusis vel
Subacutis breviter pilosis, floribus 1-2 terminalibus, sepalis lanceolato-
. subulatis oe corollz tubo recto basi inflato apice AER
wal x
w
263
infundibuliformi extus parce pubescente, lobis elliptico-spathulatis =
carinatis apice in conum brevem latum vel umbraculum connati
glabris, corona exteriore campanulata 10-dentata, corone interioris lobis
erectis subulatis.
Habitat.—Medo country, between Lagenda River and Ibo, Zast.
Foliorum petioli 4-1 lin. longi, laminz 1-1} poll. longz, 3-10 lin.
lat». Pedicelli 2—1 lin. longi. Sepa la 3 lin. longa. Corolle tubus
1} poll. longus, lobi 1 oll. lon ngi, 5-6 lin. lati, Corone exterioris
dentis 1} lin. longi, eS lobi 1 lin. longi.
388. Brachystelma Buchanani, V. E. Brown; caule erecto puberulo,
foliis brevissime metet elliptico-obovatis obtusissimis basi cuneatis
pubescentibus, umbellis 5—7-floris in cymam terminalem dispositis,
sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis pubescentibus, corollz patelliformis lobis
triangularibus acutis glabris, corona exteriore cupulari 10-dentata,
dentibus deltoideo-subulatis retrorsim pühescentbus eerie. corona
interioris lobis lineari-oblongis super antheras incumbentibus
Habitat, —N yassaland : Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 116.
Folia 34-44 poll. longa, e poll. lata. Pedicelli, 1 poll. longi.
Sepala 13-3 lin. longa. Cor a 9 lin. diam. Corone exteriores dentes
4 lin. longi, interioris lobi piia. i rgi.
389. Brachystelma magicum, W. Æ. tc n; foliis oblanceelato-
oblongis 'subobtusis basi cuneatis utrin pubeseentibus, sepalis
lanceo?ato- attenuatis, corolle rotate lobis petiit deltoideis glabris,
corona exteriore 10-dentata dentibus subulatis erectis, coronz interioris
lobis linearibus super antheras incumbentibus. :
Habitat. —* Collected a long day's journey this side of Ujiji” by
the Belgian Consul at Zanzibar in 1884.
Folium 31 poll. longum, x lin. latum. Pedicellus 1 poll. longus.
Sepala 3 lin. longa. Corolla arr diam. Corone exterioris dentes
1 lin. longi, interioris lobi 4-4 lin. Nene
Of this very distinct species I hav only seen a single leaf anda
flower, but probably it is a large aes allied to B. Buchanani, N. E.
Br.
390. Echidnopsis nubica, N. E. Brown; E. € hae similis,
sepalis laneéolatis acutis minute papillatis, Gorell campanulato-rotata
lobis ovatis acutis éxtus minute papillatis, corona exteriore e coronze
satesincih lobis deltoideo-ovatis.
Habitat.—Nubia: between Suakin and Berber, Schweinfurth, 228.
Sepala 3-3 lin. longa. Corolla 2 lin. diam., lobis 4-3 lin. longis.
Corone interioris lobi 1 lin. longi.
91. Caralluma Sprenge N. E. Brown; caulibus quadrangulatis
grosse dentatis glabris, os sessilibus 5-6 floris, pedicellis gion
glabris, sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis, corolla rotata lobis tis
acuminatis intus papillato. puberulis olivaceis, corona exteriore ctam
obscure crenulata, coronæ interioris ob: 8 Loc take mm obtusis coronze
t eas TOE S 46;
uernia Sprengeri, Schweinfurth ex Damman Cat. 1 893,
iener Illust. Gartenzeit, 1893, p. 143 ; Schumann in A eketiachi: für
Pidid, 1893, IIT., pp. 74 and 104.
264
Habitat.— Abyssinia : ddow, Petit; Massowah ? Schweinfurt.
Caules 21—5 poll. longi, 1-$ poll. crassi. Pedicelli 14 lin. longi.
Sepala 11— 2 lin. longa. Corolla 10-11 Jin. diam., lobis 4-5 lin. longis,
21-23 ia. dia
392. Caralluma hirtiflora, N. E. Brown; similis C. reitoepieienti
sed floribus duplo m ajoribus, pedicellis glabris, sepalis lanceolato-
attenuatis, corolla rotata lobis deltoideo-ovatis acutis intus dense zed
corona exteriore cupulari 10-dentata breviter hirta dentibus subulatis,
coronæ interioris lobis linearibus quam antheræ a ga glabris
eum corona exteriore dorso partitionibus angustis conn
Habitat.—Hanish Island, in the Red Sea, s a
Pedicelli 1 poll. vel ultra longi. Sepala 11-2 lin. longa. Corolla
1} poll. vel ultra diam., lobis 4-5 lin. longis, Aai lin. latis. Corone
exterioris dentes 1 lin. longi, interioris lobi 4 lin. longi.
393. Caralluma somalica, JV. E. Brown ; caulibus pagers acute
A-angulatis glabris an lis "enit dentatis, _umbei terminalibus
i :
pice
ciliatis, coronæ exterioris lobis deltoideo- de apice bidentatis dorso
aem et minute hirtis ean — divergentibus basi distantibus
interdum denticulo intermedio instructis, coron. interiori is lobis
linearibus antheras subzquantibus.
Habitat.—Somaliland : near Magadoxo, Kirk. i
Pedicelli 6-8 lin. longi. Sepala 13-2 lin. longa. Corolla 6-7 lin.
diam., lobis 24 lin. longis, 2 lin. latis. Corone exterioris lobi cum
dentibus 1 lin. longi, A RR is lobi 4 lin. long
394. Caralluma valida, E. Brown; caulibus probabiliter 4-
angulatis grosse dentatis r A pedicellis cum sepalis ovato-lanceolatis
acuminatis glabris, corolla profunde lobata lobis clongato-deltoideis acutis
rugosis ciliatis, coron: exterioris lobis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis
2-3 carinatis lateribus breviter unidentatis, coronae interioris lobis late
linearibus bifidis erecto-conniventibus basi cristat
abitat.— Locality sae collected by pe | Hotwk either in the
Zambesi region or the Tra b
Caules 4 poll, vel ha e 7-10 lin. crassi. Pedicelli 4-5 lin.
longi. Sepala 3% lin. i34 Corolle lobi 8-9 iin. longi a lin. lati.
Corone exterioris lobi 14 lin. longi, interioris lobi 14 lin. long
. Trichocaulon officinale, JV. E. Brown; caulibus iis Z. piliferi
mailiba us, corolla aem fue: -purpurea tubo nullo lobis
Galpadsoovaths subabrupte acuminatis, coronz exterioris lobis brevibus
emarginatis v k ME bifidis coron: stirloris lobis lineari-oblongis
brevibus adnat
Habitat VETAT,
edicelli 1 lin. longi. Sepala 1} lin. longa. Corolla circa 5 lin.
diim, lobis 2-24 lin. longis, 2 lin. latis. — Corone exterioris fois 4 lin.
longi, interioris lobi 3 lin. lor a
Dried slices of this plan were, a few years ago, imported into
Amers as a remedy for 2. from some of these slices, present
ew oe PUR . M. ener of the Mere e
265
396. Hoodia parviflora, N. E. Brown; caulibus iis M. Go enn
cut < "pedicellis breyibus glabris, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis glab
corolla concava obscure 5-loba lobis apice su bulato-apiculatis ertum
xe is intus pubescentibus, coronz exterioris lobis bifidis concavis,
corone interioris lobis linearibus obtusis quam anthere brevioribus
corona exteriori dorso adnatis
Habitat.— Angola, Welwitsch, 4265.
Pedicelli 1-2 lin. longi. Sepala 24 lin. longa. Corolla circa 14 poll.
diam. Corone exterioris lobi 1 lin. lon ngi.
397. Duvalia dentata, V. E. Brown; caulibus 6-angularibus glabris
angulis longe dentatis dentibus subulato-attenuatis, cymis paucifloris,
. pedicellis et se epalis — lanceolato-attenuatis labris, corolla annulo
pentagono puberulo lobis elongato-deltoideis acuminatis replicatis ciliatis,
eorona exteriore plana pentagona, eoronz interioris lobis rhomboideo-
ovoideis acutis
basti ctiodasnsland : : 90 miles N.W. of Koobie, Baines.
Planta circa 4 poll. alta. Pedicelli 8-12 ge longi. Sepala 3 lin.
-— Corolle lobi 6—7 lin. longi, 4 lin. lat
398. Huernia similis, N. E. Brown; caulibus elongatis obtuse
$-(6 ?)-angulatis glabris angulis brevissime dentatis, cymis $—5- fore
pedicellis ‘sepalisque lanceolate-acuminatis glabris, corolla late
panulata intus papilloso-aspera lobis deltoideis acuminatis, corone
exterioris lobis minutis obtusis interioris lobis linearibus eb usis
adscendentibus basi transvers? carinatis
Habitat.—Angola, Welwitsch, 4264.
Caules usque ad 9 poll. longi, cirea 6 lin. crassi, dentes 4 lin. longi.
Pedicelli 6-9 lin. longi. Sepala 2 lin.longa. Corolla circa 7-8 lin.
iam. M iS lobi 1-i lin. longi et lati, coron: interioris
lobi 4-$ lin. long
399. Huernia arabica, V. Æ. eld caulibus 4-angulatis glabris
angulis subülato-dentatis, pedicellis c sepalis att ET
glabris, corolla campanulata intus papilloso-seabrids lobi toideis
acuminatis, corona poses obis quadratis truncatis, interiors on e
basi gradatim angustatis quam anthere subduplo longioribu
Habitat.—Arabia: Hille Gebel Bura, Schweinfurth, "t
Caules 2-33 poll. longi, probabiliter 5-6 lin. crassi. A elli 3 lin.
longi. Sepala 4 lin. longi. Corolla circa 7 lin. diam., lobis 3 lin.
rg n ire exterioris lobi lin. ere lin. lati, ditare lobi
3 lin. 1
400. Stapelia vaga, V. E. Brown; affinis S. donee. Mass.,
pedicellis et sépalis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis glabris, corolle rotate
lobis oblongo- -lanceolatis acutis rugulosis ciliatis fusco-purpureis, co
exterioris lobis oblongis 4-dentatis, intevioris lobis rto a bicornutis
cornibus subulatis.
Habitat.—XAmboland : Olukonda, Schinz.
Pedicelli 14-2 poll. longi. Sepala 34 li longi. Corolla 2} poll.
vel ultra diam., lobis 1 poll. vel ultra iaie, circa 5 lin, latis. Corone
exterioris lobi 14-13 lin. longi, interioris lobi 14 lin. longi
266
CCCCLXXX.—CITRUS FRUITS IN SICILY.
The orange industry in Florida was of the aniwa value of nearly a
million sterling. As already described in the Kew Bulletin, 1895,
pp. 125 and 166, this important industry, feel Sa supported by Britis h
capital and energy, has practically ceased t ist. This circumstance
has given rise to a possible reviva of. enge uU we in Jamaiea and
the Bahamas, which formerly supplied a good deal of the oranges
consumed in the United States.
The chief seat of the orange industry in the Mediterranean is at
Palermo in Sicily. In reply to many inquiries addressed to him on the
subject, Mr. H. Lewis Dupuis, Her Majesty’s Consul at Palermo, has
prepared za may be regardéd as an exhaustive mont of the orange
and lemon industry. This i published in a Foreign Office Report
(Annual Series, 1895, No. 1544). From this ais the followiiftz
extracts are reproduce
CoMMERCE IN ORANGES AND Lemons (Green Fruit.)
So-called from their being gathered when yet green, in order
stand the voyage. ranges and lemons grow abundantly in s
vinces of Palermo, Messina, Catania, and Syracuse; Messina is
cially noted for lemons. The best oranges are those grown in the
They are on as ordinary, blood, and sweet or vanilla, and
mandarins. Lemons present no variety although they have designations
knowu to the fade, Shipments mostly go to the States, In the last
3 years the numbers of boxes exported to the States alone were as
follows :—
| |
New d.d: New è
=- | Yoik: Boston. | Philadelphia. Ovens. Baltimore.
|
Boxes. Boxes. Box | Boxes. Boxes.
Oranges - - | 326,020 | 168,759 48, 689 21,796 10,532
Lemons - - | 100,423 235,186 11 7,353 252,722 576,752
| i
1893-94.
New | T (s New | .
—— | Tod Boston. | Philadelphia.) Orleans. Baltimore.
|
| Boxes. | Boxes. Boxes. Boxes. Boxes.
Oranges - -| 245,217 116,029 46 255 10,062 12,318
Lemons - - | 798,016 149,601 92,309 "E 900 19,818
| me
Norr.—This would represent the value of 74,8007.
"The wood for the construction of these boxes is imported from Trieste,
Fists, and Bangor, United States of America, and made up here into
267
cases, boxes, and half-boxes. ‘The quantities sent to the United Kingdom
are comparately small :—
| | In Centimetres.
oe Oranges. | Lemons. | T.
" Length. Depth, | Breadth.
aaa LE ed IS. EP tc Lr eot ES
Number. Number. | Lbs.
i | 44 1
Half boxes - - 80 to 180 a ] | 55 | 70 18 or 25 35
U 66
Boxes - -| 100 . 300 240 to 490 88 70 ?97 29 35
Cases —--*.].490 490 240 490 132 70 or 80 30 38
| i
Boxes and cases are spoken of as 16, 25, 30, 36, 42, 49, &c., according
to the number of oranges or lemons in each layer. The fruit that goes
to the United Kingdom is in cases, and that for the United States in
boxes and half-boxes. They are carefully stowed in tiers, one above the
other, in the vessel’s hold, in such a way as to prevent injury to the fruit.
Half-boxes only contain two layers of fruit. Boxes, four and sometimes
five. All, whether oranges or lemons, are wrapped in tissue paper, with
paper shavings to fill up interstices, and ripen on the voyage. Naturally
this fruit can never be as good as that which ripens on the tree. Durin
the last few years fears have been eet that this trade to the States
will eventually suffer considerably on account of suitableness found in
imate and soil of Florida and California; where the trees have been
: 1
5
e
©
fruit which has not run the risk of deteriorating on a long sea voyage.
Unfortunately, the orange crop in Florida was destroyed by the
m severe cold experienced in December last. This will
n an advance of prices in the States the effect of which will be to
Mese the trade in Sicily in 1895.
The growth of this trade has only been mon within the last 40
Lai. and since the introduction of steam it is four times or more
s great as it wss in the days of sailin craft: ; OMtiana cat with
this increasing demand and prompt disposal of cargoes, the value of
fruit in this country has been enhanced, and this consideration, in the
of my report of 1893, induced ee ers to raise their prices, and
there followed temporarily a marked decrease in the demand. Fruit
then was shipped at exporter's risk und this failed to answer, agents
were sent over e the States to med! exporters' interests as it
was gee even this measure was ineffectual, for it was found
that the former r indtibed dipoe who had not their own agents
in 2e country to send their supplies to them, under green of greater
facilities, &c. In this emergency the ortos system of money
advances to nope sprang up, in order to shipments, and fruit
n t on board unfit to stand the varie
Shipowners, in some cases, are known to have id into contracts
with shippers for certain supplies to be put on board their vessels during
the fruit season in consideration of this advance to be accounted for on
settlement of freight.
268
CULTIVATION OF ORANGE AND Lemon TREES.
The following practical soe LU the eultivation of orange and
. lemon trees, it is hoped, will answer the many inquiries addressed to me.
The
the Island they are a source of wealth to the proprietor and afford work
to thousands of men, women and children i in mee the tree and in
gathering and packing the iruit for exportation. Besides there is work
in the production of essences whether of orange, lemon, mandarin, or
bergamot, and concentrated lemon juice, the latter is carried on ona large
scale. "Vice-Consul Elford, who furnishes me with all particulars,
correctly observes that the lemon is the most productive as well as
most remunerative of the class and gives the largest return per acre “of
land planted. The trees are set about 5 yards distant one from the
other in rows and equidistant. Stony or sandy soil is apparently e > st
€ for the best groves are near the beds of torrents or on the
roin Messina to Acircale for instance, and from Milazzo to Messina.
itid in the neighbourhood of Palermo. "They will not thrivei in a stiff soil
such as clay, for the roots are superficial and abundant. The trees have
to be well manured at least once a year, and the way i is to dig a trench,
say about 40 inches from the stem and bury the manure 18 inc ches below.
Ripe stable mixed with P Wed ash and bone i » e to yield the best and
fetches the highest price. Mr. Elford points out that the blossoms of
April roduce a best fruit, known as penodtoks (choice fruit), which
is gathered in October, and those of May yielding a second crop,
gather ered in Noventber and December, these are the best crops as weli as the
most mter and upon them the proprietors base all their calculations.
The blossoms of June produce fruit gathered in January and February,
those of July generally fall off and little heed is taken of them, those of
ugust are gathered in March, those of September pr oduce a better
fruit, gathered in April o May; the fruit of those of Oct tober,
d De ber
June, July, August, and Septe mber, whilst those of January, February,
and March yield little fruit, which falls under the same denomination.
Finsr Cnors.
The first gathering occurs in October, ge being taken that
lemons be not less than 3 inches in circumference; all under are left
for the November gathering. Practised han ds auge Me fruit with
thumb and second finger. The first crop (the most valuable) is care-
fully selected, packed, and shipped off for early spring or summer use,
and realises 30 per cent. more than any subsequent. gathering no time,
various sized cases to suit the different markets. Those for France are
of one size, se for London of another. Each case contains about 450
le: e States and Trieste boxes are used, containing only
about 360. An that are yx "inferior are put in small cases for
the Italian market, and fetch 40 per cent. less
SECOND Crops.
The second gathering takes place in November, and is as good as that
of. October, and will keep for months in boxes if properly selected and
packed; it is paler in colour, and harder to the touch. It is, xu pond
often kept in | cases until March, then repacked, and pur quc
269
reasonable time. ‘This chiefly goes to the States and Russia. All small
or damaged fruit, which must not be left on the nee is collecte
used for 1 making essence from the peel, and con juice from the
p The custom is to cale alato 104 kilos. of this inferior fruit as
equivalent to 1000 lemons, and charge 30 per cent. less than for the
good box fruits
EXTRACTING ESSENCE AND LEMON JUICE.
It costs about ls. 4d. to extract the essence of 1000 lemons, and m
to make a cask of lemon-juice, Rigs: ves cost of cask, and labou
all inferior fruit, that gathered in November is considered the best
for the making of essence and line jules. because it contains more
valuable properties, yielding 50 per cent. more than that of other months.
1000 of these give about 16 ozs. of essence, and 35 litres of raw lemon- |
juice, wbich after concentration to the "normal standard of 64 ozs. of
citric acid per imperial gallon is reduced to 34 litres. On a well culti-
vated plantation results show that seven- eighths of November fruit is
c
The fruit gathered in December is considered inferior, as oni e-
eighths is fit for exportation, and three-eighths go for making e e
and — It is packed in small cases for the States, Southern
ery cases of November fruit. Also the per-centage of essence is about
15 ozs. less per 1000, «nd the juice about 14 litres more. After the
juice is expressed the residue is given to the goats.
The January fruit, again, is inferior to that of December, 2: three-
eighths being fit for packing ; the rest is used for juice and essence, This
d 18 p ases Such as is fit for exportation is packed. dn
ox e f December; that which is not is cu
pickled i in Fares with salt, and then exported. Each cask contains about
February’s s fruit is the last of the season; it is also called the “ old
because the remains of previous gatheri rings. Nothing is now left
on the tree except the green fruit of the August blossom. Of this crop
only two-eighths can be packed for shipment, which on arrival have to
2e at Ferne as they will not keep. e remainder are used for
42 litres of raw lemon-juice.
Extra Crops.
The gems extraordinary erops depend upon the mode of cultiva-
tion, and climatic jose Irrigation also enters largely in
bringing it bed Ifa tree be deprived of irrigation during the hot
months “of d uly and August and then abundantly watered in ae
a spurt is put on producing an extraordinar id pues of blossom. whic a
results in the valuable May crop. This cannot be done ev ery feat
the tree suffers from the privation sided o. and subsequent fruit di
retarded in its development. Yet when the demand for May fruit is
great, and prices range from 30s. to 40s. per 1000, it is done, as these
prices APP qe for any loss in Septeraber and October.
he March crop, known as ** bianeuzzi," and which is the result of
the August blossoming, is the least valuable, for it will not stand a long
voyage. It is sent to Trieste in small cases. either does it yield
essence nor juice. Prices Vents ad about 40 per cent. less than those
obtained for good lemons
270
The April e ges the September blossom is not much better than
that of March, yet e good = may be picked out for packing, but
arly all is used ben Sel purpose
The Máy yield, which is also the result of the ia ert blossom,
own as “ verdelli,” is mach sought after, and is shipped to the States
in small cases; the fruit is of excellent keeping quality, Mid gio easily
the voyage. No care is necessary in gathering or sorting the
Aet. as it is all good, worth 25 per cent. more than winter-grown
"The so-called “ bastardi” are gathered in June and July, and are
the result of October and November blossoming. 'lhey are packed
in similar cases, and are sent to London, Liverpool, Trieste, and the
In August and September the lemon crop is smaller, and inferior to
those of the previous months. It realises less on this account, and also
because the lemon ercp in South Spain begins.
PRODUCTION OF AVERAGE PLANTATION.
The following is a fair proportion of the divers kinds of lemons grown
on a plantation of average size, which produces, we will say, 110,000
annually :— :
| : | MEM PA
| Month. Lem
| Serim]
October - - (about) 15,000
November - B - i 30,000
December - - - ve 25,000
january - - - "s 20,000
February - - - 5 10,000
March - - - » 1,000
April-September - - 5» 9,000
The last is only oo because it depends on whether the trees
have been forced o
PACKING.
Cost of packing varies according to size of case :—
Cost of case - - -
s nel d ki i
Jl» ga ering an pac o —
Nails and hoops -
Total - - - i
oocc?
-o9 008
oooo«s
HORA
oo
M
to
271
LEMON PLANTATIONS.
-The management of a lemon plantation demands great attention.
Trees should be trained high to admit free ventilation, pruning to take
place regularly once a year. Dead wood, unhealthy and redundant
branches removed. In cases of a heavy crop, the branches are to be
supported. ‘Trees to be watered in summer with a little liquid manure
in the water once a week, and the ground kept free from all under-
growth. Market arasia is meni emere ure the trees
because the vegetables grown pay expenses for ma M cultivation ;
but it is not to be recommended, as the fruit euffars i in n
destroys it. Grafting bsp place after three years, and is practised in
the same way as on the ro
Vice-Consul Piguatorre also fu rnishes Er with pEr Ps er
on the subject. ‘Lhe tree Seah [in Sicily] an equal temperature.
Lands bordering on we coastline are nin most favou rable, bes ided the
Bue ground round lemon trees requires to be hoed three times a
in May, in order that they may be easily watere in summer. water
a plantation of 24 acres twice a week, the quantity of vatur PA is
10,500 hectolitres to continue from May to September.
The edet away of dried twigs and suckers precedes the Adee
etimes renders the latter unnecessary. A p ae
rhe enable the trees to resist the effect of a violent scirocco
PICKLING Lemons.
* The pickling of lemons for exportation is a very simple process.
They are first cut in two and immersed in salt water for from t
eight days; they are then placed in casks with alternate layers of salt.
Salt water is then introduced to fill up spaces, and the cask is closed u
ready for exportation.
ORANGE FLOWER WATER.
With all this there is another industry in this connexion which it is
to be cha pont is lost sight of in Sicily; or, if practised, it is only on a
ve mall scale, 7.e., that of collecting the petals of the blossoms,
whcdik of orange or lemon, that oe off and cover the ground as soon
as the fruit appears, for making orange- — water, which I have seen
practised in other orange-growing pana
CCCCLXXXI.— MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
Weather and of Visitors in September.—Kew.
common with other parts of the country, experienced exceptionally "ane
warm weather during the latter part of the month of September. The
lawns and borders were in excellent order, and visitors came in large
`
272
when it reached 21, ,427. The week-day attendance was also large, and
ranged from d to 3750 per day. The days were singularly bright
and sunny. e effect on the plants is likely to be most benefici al, as
the growth aa during the rainy days of August was ripened before
the arrival of frost. The highest shade temperature recorded during
the month was 84? Fahr. on the 24th. This was the highest of any at
Kew during recent years. It was remarkable as following a minimum
temperature on the grass of 31° Fahr. P ES diee a "i
gives a range of temperature during the 24 h of 53 degree
hot weather lasted exaetly a week, the maximum AIR never
falling below 76° from the 23rd to the 30th.
Botanical Magazine.—The following ae are figured in the Sep-
tember number: Helianthus debilis, Rumex hymen oiepalus, Cleyera
Fortunei, Atraphaxis Muschketowi, and Richar dia Rehm
an
, pp. 167-8. Tt was raised from seed sent by Dr. F Pa Good dwin,
of Tucson, Arizona. Cleyera Fortunei isthe Eurya latifolia variegata
of gardens, which has been in cultivation in this country upwards of
30 years, but as it Mond rarely flowers, its true genus has only recentl
been determined. traphaxis is a dwar shrub, native of Central Asia,
and belonging to the Polygonacee. Ithas small pink and white flowers
in terminal erect racemes. Richardia Rehmanni, from Natal, has
interrupted white streaks on the leaves, and the spathes are greenish-
yellow on the outside; the recurved portion : the inner surface being
white suffused with pink. Tubers were sent to vid in 1893 by Mr.
Medley Wood, A.L.S., Curator-of the Durban ^w den
Queensland Cherry.— The fruit of an Coe este plant
Cntiactmd adage tl Baill.) is known as the Herbert River or
Queensland Cherry. The plant yielding it is a shrub or small tree
closely allied to A. Ghesen n Gertn. of the Eastern Archipelago
and Ceylon. According to Bailey “the fruit, which in size equals that
of large cherries, is of a sharp acid flavour resembling that of the red
currant which it also equals in colour when made into jelly. As the
Europea ean fruit is placed among medicinal plants on account of its
. Juice being grateful to the parched palates of persons suffering from
fever, this is w worthy of a similar place." Kew is indebted to Mr. J. H:
Maiden, F .L.S., Superintendent of the Technological Museum, Sydney;
. New South Wales, for fresh specimens of this interesting Australian
fruit for the gardens and also for the Museums of Economic Botany.
- Dried Plants from British North Borneo, Governor Creagh, C.M.G.,
who has recently returned to England, brought with ee a collection of
dried plants made by himself and consisting of about 1100 numbers.
This he has presented to — on the condition of ue plants being
worked - “out as soon as possible. It is MP ai that the wedbres:
contains a con nsiderable Eten of novelties
273
Fruit of Sararanga.— Mature fruit of this singular Pandanad has.
been ser from Admiral Wharton, C.B., Hydrographer to the.
Admiralty. It was collected by the — of H.M. S. * Penguin”
(Kew Bulletin, 1895, p. 159).
luminensis.— Under this title M x n ai a Rodrigues,
be useful, but they increase the bulk of the book to such an extent as
to make it burdensome to carry about. There is one feature in this
guide, however, which renders it unusually attr: cs de publications
of a similar character. This is a series of admirably executed views
in different parts of the garden. The palms are e particularly attractive
n those views, which include the famous avenue of Oreodova regia.
It would appear too that the Director is exceedingly well housed.
Liberian Coffee.——A good deal of interest is at present shown in the
cultivation of this coffee in tropical countries. The c onstruction of
London and eee VUE Supper, "ths eae with the en of
stability and success. The foll gs eunti taken from the Proceed- .
ings of the Agri. Probisoultaral Society of Madras, 1895, pp. 201-202.
(evi 2 x the same pen as the: A E, tion given in the Kew
Bulletin 1890, pp. 247-249), will be read with interest :—
Exrracr from Proceeprnes of the AGRI. A:owvibttrimar SocrETY
of Mapnas.—April-June, 1895.
Liberian Coffee.—Read the following letter from Mr. H. B. Winter. :
botham. dated Anda Tode Estate, Vayitri, S . Wynaad, 6th May 18965 :—
“Tam in receipt of your letter of the 4th "May and I shall be glad to
give you any information which may interest you rega arding Liberian
coffee in which I i a great interest. The hei eight of "i Pene above
sea is about 2400 feet. "The Liberian we fiad will grow feet
to 3000 feet. It pens earlier at the lowest level, and Mens 14 —
ossom at this elevation to ripen its fruit, but it seems to
very satisfactorily from 2000 to 2500 feet. The small piece from which
; p n
small boys with ladders. The first two trees planted by me 20 years ye
came from Kew. They are now large trees, 33 feet high, near
and from these nearly the whole district has been planted,
elevations. Temperature during monsoon is steady at about on During
winter (November to end of January ), it is cold at night, 50° sometimes
running up to 80^ i
274
temperature runs up to 85° in the shade. Liberian coffee does not mind
sun but requires a certain amount of moisture with good drainage, and
200 inches. Those inland as little as 60. On all these places there is
good Liberian to be seen. The sample of coffee of this giant kind is
good; something like a date stone in appearance, has lately been valli
at 85s. to 90s. in London, or say 10s. per cwt. less than Arabian. I am
supplying seedlings to planters in large quantities; these, if put into
nurseries 6" x 6" apart, shaded and watered till following June, should
comes ee quickly. We find topping the tree or pruning in any way
o put them back. Any other questions I shall be glad to
Misa)
Liberian coffee affords a striking example of the intense conservatism
of persons engaged in commerce. It was first grown at Kew in 1872, `
nearly a quarter of a century ago. Sir Joseph Hooker spared 1 no opens
in bringing it under the notice of planters, and by 1876 it had been
raised in large quantity and distributed from Kew to e tier tropical
colony. As stated in the Report for e Tir (p. 10), “it excited the
expectations of coffee planters in all parts of the world to the highest
degree." This enthusiasm was however materially damped when the
produce was found to be received with little favour in the home market.
It was not till it was known to be saleable ac a remunerative price in
the United States that interest in its cultivation again revived. "This
in turn stimulated mechanical we Meter in devising machines for over-
coming the difficulty of pulping the berri
Full information respecting the ep == Mui. of Liberian
coffee has appeared in the Kew Bulletin as follows :—
Historical and Descriptive Account, 1890, pp. ie -253.
Liberian Coffee at the Straits Settleme nt, with value of parchment
coffee cleaned and sold in London, 1888, pp. 261-26:
Yield of Liberian noes in Selangor and Ujong, 1890, ‘pp. 107-108,
and 1892, pp. 277-2:
Liberian Coffee i in Jav se 1893, p
Husking in London not davies @ “pid, 132.
Liberian Coffee at Sierra Leone, ibid., p. 167.
Pulping Liberian Coffee, ibid., pp. 204-206.
Immunity from Attacks of Coffee-leaf Miner, 1894, p. 132
Cultivation at the Gold Coast, 1895, pp. 12-13, and pp. 21-23.
_ The cultivation of Liberian coffee was strenuously advocated in
tion up to 1878.” It however made little progress o to its
unsuitability for the “topping treatment” which the Ceylon. “plant ters
plage are not adopted with Liberian coffee
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8205. 6. 94, Wyman & Sons, L Lith.
Blumea balsamifera, D.C. -
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
No. 107.] NOVEMBER. [1895.
CCCCLXXXII.—A1 CAMPHOR.
(Blumea balsamifera, D.C.)
(With PLATE.)
An evergreen shrubby composite, sometimes growing into a small
tree, is very abundant in Eastern India, where. it is often “a most
mmon and troublesome weed." It is found also in South China and
the islands of Hainan and Formosa. ‘The whole plant is woolly, with
the flowers on the stout branches of a large spreading or pyramidical
panicle. The pappus isr The leaves smell strongly of camphor.
The species is described in Hookers Flora of British India, is
name given to fe ree article. The export from the port o:
in Hainan of the crude camphor is about 15,000 lbs. annually. This is
refined in Canton, from ee there is an annual export of about 10,000
lbs. of ngai-p'ien. Hanbury (Science Notes, p. 394) gives an account of
the camphor, and Meu that the plant in question is well known to
emit when bruised a strong odour of camphor, and that in Burmah a
properties of this peculiar camphor, see Pharmaceutical Journal,
ser. 3, vol. iv., pp. 710-712."
In the following letter Dr. Henry describes the details of the process
employed by the Chinese i iu extracting ihe camphor from this plant in
the Island of Hai
Dr. A. Henry, F.L.S., to RoraL GanpENs, Kew.
Takow, Formosa,
Dear Mr. Dyer January ry 27, 1893.
Some time ago Mr, Ridley, of Singapore, asked me to find out
the details of the process, employed by the Chinese in Hainan, for the
extraction of Ai Camphor from Blumea balsamifera, D.C. He had
‘tried to obtain the camphor by distillation from the leaves of the plart,
but had only sueceeded in getting an oil. Through the kind offices of
M i Chi o
following interesting account of the process from the Rev. F. P. Gilman,
7 89236. 1375.—12/95. Wt. 308. A
276
and I send it to you for insertion in the Kew Bulletin. Mr. Gilman is
a member of the American Presbyterian Mission, stationed in Kiung-
chow, the capital of Hainan, and he makes journeys from time to time
in the interior of the island, which is inhabited by the Loi, a non-
Chinese race.
* During a recent missionary journey I travelled the entire length of
the Loi country, and collected two specimens of the leaves of the plant
from which the Bie te is distilled, and in several places I saw the
natives manufacturing 2 e article, and I had a chance to Jäite
ei gi into ds proces
* The plant is in Hower in July and August. During the fall and
winter months the Chinese of the island, or the aboriginal Lois in
Chinese employ, collect the young leaves of the plant which there grows
to a height of 8 or 10 feet. They say they only take the last “three
joints of the branch, as in the specimens which I have collected.
ese leaves are TRES € remain on the branch, and are wilted for a
couple of days. They are then placed in the retort, which is a cask
about two feet high, Spits at both ends, and of a diameter suitable to
5 B over a large Chinese frying pan (say, the diameter is 20 inches).
g pan is filled with water, and over the water is placed a
cete: sieve of woven Hiio to separate the leaves from the water.
The cask is cemented with clay to the edge of the pan, and after
g its — of 30 Ibs. or 40
upper open end of the eask, and is filled with
cold water which is frequently changed. Fire is placed under the
ing pan, and the process of distillation is continued for about four
hours. At the end of that time the brass pan is lifted off, and its
lower surface is found to be coated with a layer of crystallized substane
about a sixteenth of an inch thick. This is the gnia-hin (local dialect
for ai i-fén) or crude camphor, which Mr. Unwin, the Commissioner,
tells me is sent to Canton and re-manufactured into ai-p’ien or refined
m
or.
I enclose Mr. Gilman’s specimen, which is not Blumea balsamifera,
but, as well as I can make out from a cursory examination, is probably
a species of Buddleia. There are no flowers, only leaves, and the
latter have no camphoraceous odour when bruised, I am inclined to
think that Mr. Gilman has been deceived as to the plant, and that the
Chinese substituted the leaves of another plant for the one actually
employed. I am inclined to think that Blumea balsamifera is the true
source. The wt of Blumea have a certain rude similarity to those -
sent by Mr. Gilma
The authority for Blumea as the source of this peculiar camphor
rests on Hanbury, Science Papers, p. 394. In Hooker’s Icones
Plantarum, tab. 1957, this plant is figured, and some particulars as
regards the trade in the commodity, &c. are given ra from me.
ours
(Signed) rt HENRY.
For the x A —— information Kew is indebted to Mr. M. F.
A. Fraser, H.M. Consul, Pakhoi, who communicated it, together with a
series of specimens tu the Museum, in a letter dated 5th December
1893.
À.—TRANSLATION from the Pen-ts'ao Kang muh, or grt Materia
ediea, by Li Shi-chen, date about 1600 A.D
Thousand-year ngai (Blumea balsamifera), grows iaai at
Pey (? in Hupeh Province, lat. 32° 40^, long. 111° 08'), and in
277
Tai Ho. Hills (? in rere Fart 0 0 lat, 33° 10, long..115° 43’), has a
somewhat slender stalk somewhat over a chih (about 14 inches) c
The root is like that of the Se kage (Chrysanthemum coronarium* ?
those of the ngai (Artemisia a bal but have the same odour.
When triturated they crumble to dust at once, and do not make a soft
mass holding together like the leaves of the ngai when similarly treated.
The Taoists use them to make up prescriptions. Doctors administer
them boiled in water for female complaints and for colds in men. (?).
B.—Nons obtained from various sources on the subject of Ngai Camphor,
The ai, Vases Ta ice — €—— NM is a plant which grows
pretty well over the angsi nnan, and Kweichow Provinoes, but
the choicest ‘Guility i is mp sd at a place called Ta Kang Fow, about
32 miles (100 /7) from Yünnan Fu, the capital city of Yünnan.
Processes of preparatio
arge pan or disons is filled with water, and a tin or can
without a lid set upright in it. This tin has a small aperture beneath,
into which is fitted a metal tube. The plant is put into the tin, and a
the n - its way, and tii ns
sec -the “
has n h! ii in it, and, with £i v cene treated as before. The
product is called a? Yen ( (or * ai flour ” wder
. The “at powder” is treated according to the first of the three
processos, and the essence thus distilled is the fragrant ai yu, or
oil.”
C.—The following account was given by a Chinese’ dealer from
Kwangsi, who came to Pakhoi in E: 1893, to Chen-Sien-Sheng,
Her Majesty Consulate's Chinese w
Small ngai is otherwise called é ‘Sth month ngai,” and * duck’s foot
ngai,’ the Pen-ts’ao calls it ngai, also “ white 7 aee p (Artemisia
kc lath ).
ngai, vulgar name “ : greatluck , Pie in the’ Petas it is
called ** 1000-year ngai ^ (Blumea
(Signed) M. F. A. Fraser.
Pakhoi, Dec. 1893. ;
EXPLANATION OF PLATE.
1. Capitulum. 2. Femalefloret. 3. Disk floret. 4. Seta of pappus.
5. Anthers. 6. Stigma. Enlarged.
a E by Giles. See Brettschneider, Botanicon Sinicum, 1892, p. 253
(No. 4
T m roseis, p.77. Apparently Pyrethrum indicum. :
A 2
ai dew” is pu xil ito ctr o6 B Bis |
”
278 Lg
VIGOR BOTANICA RORENCORTURE:
on September 12th, at the opening of the new Botanical Section T
made the following remarks on the — " hen ta "onencature.
Woes eee ease
There is one subject upon which, from my official position ne a
I desire to take the et sip of sa saying a few words. It is that of
nomenclature. It is not on its technical side, I am afraid, of sufficient
general interest to justify my devoting to it the space which its importance
would otherwise deserve. But I hope to be able to enlist your support
~ the broad common-sense principles on which our practice should
ack suppose, everyone knows we owe our present method
nomenclature in natural history to Linnzeus. He devised the binominal,
or, as it is often absurdly called, binomial system. "That we must
have a technical system of nomenclature I suppose no one here will
majority of plants do not possess vues at all, and the attempts to
manufacture them in a popular shape have met with but little Success.
Then, from lack of discriminating er on the t
them, vernacular names are often ambiguous; thus n" is applied
equally to Typha ces to Scirpus, plants extremely differe Vernacu-
only of local utility, while the Tinned system is
intelligible throughout the world.
X technical name, then, for a plant or animal is a necessity, as with-
principles on which such names are based. It is fortunate for us that
sin are derm by Mill, who, besides being an authority on logic, was
omplished botanist. He tells us : i “A naturalist, for pur-
bind, t
together? He far ther explains that "such names, sire of TT
those of the gene
But these are de logical prineiples which are applicable to names
generally. A name such as Ranunculus repens does not differ in any
particular from a name such as John Smith, except that one denotes a
species, the other an individual.
This being the case, and technical names being a necessity, they con-
tinually pass into general nse in connection with ‘horticulture, commerce,
Seip and the It seems obvious that, if science is to keep in
touch with human affairs stability in nomenclature isa thing not merely
* Linn, Phil., 210. ; T System of Logic, i. 132.
279
to aim at but to respect. Changes become necessary, but should never
be insisted on without grave and solid reason. In some
iter
cases to retain the specific porticn o ida original name, if possible.. If
it is, however, already pr eoccupied i in the genus to which the transference
is made, a new one must be devi any modern systematists have,
however, set up the doctrine that a specific epithet once given is indelible,
d whatever the taxonomic wanderings of the organism to which it was
assigned, it must always accompany it. This, however, would not
—À met with much sympathy from Linnæus, who attached no import-
e to the specific epithet at all: ** Nomen specificum sine generico est
qus pistillum sine campana." * Linnæus always had a solid reason for
as g he did or said, and it is worth while considering in this case
as,
fore his time the practice of associating plants in genera had made
some progress in the hands of Tournefort and others, but specific names
were still cumbrous and practically unusable. Genera were often
distinguished by a single word; and it was the great reform accomplished
by Linnzus to adopt the binominal sn x for species. But there is
this difference. Generic names are unique, and must not be applied to
more than one distinct group. ait e names might have been con
stituted on the same basis; the specific name in that case would then
have never been used to designate more than one plant, and would have
been sufficient to indicate it. We should have lost, nas true, the useful
information which we ractice in learning the
genus to which the species belongs; but theoretically a nomenclature
could have been established on the one-name principle. The thing,
however, is impossible now, evenif it were desirable. A specific epithet
like vulgaris may belong to hundreds of di ifferent species belonging to as
many different genera, and taken alone is meani mm . A Linnean
name, then, though it consists of two parts, must be treated as a whole.
* Nomen omne "m m bit nomine generico et specifico." t A
fragment can have no vitality of its own. Consequently, e n rri ai
it may be replaced by another which may be perfectly independent.
It constantly happens that the same species is named € TARNE
by more than one writer, or different views are taken of specific dif-
tomary to select the earliest se gpi v I agree arenie with the late
Sereno Watson § i ic — is nothing whatever of an ethical character
inherent in à nam ough any priority of publication or position,
which should sey it queis obligatory upon anyone to aecept one
t Phil.
fAs FE ae de “Candolle points out in a letter published in the ui de la Soc
bot. de France (xxxix.), “the real merit o Linnzus has been to combine, d al
plants, the generic name with th e specific epithet.” It is im portas o remember
that in a logical sense the “name ” of a species consists, - Linneus himself insisted,
in the combination, not in the specific epithet, which is a mere fragment of the name,
and meaningless when taken by itself.
§ Nature, xlvii., 54.
280
name rather than another." And in point of fact Linneus and the
early systematists attached little importance to priority. The rigid:
application of the principle involves the assumption that all persons who
d or attempt to describe plants are e qually co mpetent to the
task, -But this is so far from being the case that it is sometimes all bat
impossible even to nie what could possibly have been meant.* =
In 1872 Sir Joseph Hooker} wrote: “The n number ber of species: dez
seri y authors who. cannot determine. their -incre
‘annually, and I regard the naturalist who puts a deseribed piant into its its
proper. position in regard to its allies as rendering a grea rvice
science than its describer when he either puts it into a ser outs or
throws it into any of those chaotic heaps, miscalled genera, with which’
systematic works still abound.” This has always seemed to me not
u ;
Wh
want to do is to push on the.task of getting them named ven Peces
in an intelligible manner, and their affinities determined as correctly as
ssible. e shall then have material for dealing with the larger
problems which the COE of our globe will pisent, when treated
as a whole. waste | rio
ike boys who, ME: sent on an ed end their time. ais playing by
the roadside. By such men eyen Linnæus is not to be allowed to decide
his own names. To one of the most splendid ornaments of our
he gave the name of Magnolia grandiflora : this is now to be knownvas
Magnolia fetida. The reformer himself is constrained to admit, ‘The
change is a most unfortunate one. in every way.”{ It is difficult to see
what is gained by making it, except to’ render systematic botany
ridiculous. The genus Aspidi um, known to every fern-cultivator, was
founded by Swartz. It now contains some 400 species, of which the vast
majority were of course unknown to him at the time; yet the names: of
all these are to be changed becanse Adanson founded a — Dryopter is,
which seems to be the same thing as Aspidiwn. What, it may be
On the other hand, we lumber our books with a mass of synonyms, and
perplex everyone who takes an interest in ferns. It appo ars that
name.of the well-known Anton genus Banksia
to Pimelea : the species are therefore to be renamed, kd [Ya gn is'to
be rechristened Sirmuellera, after Sir Fe rdinand. von Mueller; a pro-
posal which, I need hardly say, did not emanate from an Englishman.
I wili not multiply instances, But the worst of it is that those who
have carefully. studied the subject know that, from various causes which
I cannot afford the time to discuss; when once it is attempted to disturb
ecepted nomenclature it is almost impossible to reach finality. in the
Darwin, who Aros seems to me, almost — to take the € view in
matters "eling to natural history, i is (Life, vol. i.p. 8364) dead against
e of DIREN ‘sppending for pene ity the name of the first po to
RS eem He is equally against the priority craze:—* I cannot yet bring myself to
* me very well-known names” (ibid. p. 369)...
(X Garden and Forest, ii. 615.
281
- It ean hardly be doubted that one cause of the want of attention which -
systematic botany now receives is the repulsive labour ‘of the biblio-
Kewensis, which was prepared at Kew, and which we owe to the
munificence of Mr. Darwin. In his own studies he y came on
the track of names which he was unable’ to run down’ to their source.
This the Zndex enables to be done. It is nrg in fact, on a manuscript
index which we compiled for our own use t Kew. But it isa mistake
to suppose that it is auything more than p name signifies, or that it
expresses any opinion as to the validity of the names themselves. at
hose who use the book must judge of for themselves. We have
indexed existing names, but we have not ad to the burden by
making any new ones for species already described.
t synonymy has now come to may be judged by an example
supplied me by my friend Mr. C. B. Clarke. For a single species of
Fimbristylis he finds 135 published names under six genera. If we go
on in this way we shall ve to invent a new Linnzus, wipe out the
past, and begin all over ag
Although I have br coda ts matter before the Section it is not one
in which ‘this, or indeed any collective assembly of botanists, can do
very much. While I hope I shall carry your sae with the general
principles I have laid down, it must be admitted that the technical
details can only be appreciated by iine o i eene All that can
be hoped is a general agreement amongst t he staffs of the principal
institutions in different countries where systematic botany is Worked-siet $
the free-lances must be left to do as they like.
CCCCLXXXIV.—_ NEW ORCHIDS.—DECADE 15.
141. Den curviflorum, Jo/fe; caule erecto brevi, foliis
equitantibus la aaee subacutis carnosis, floribus axillaribus solitariis;
acteis ovatis subobtusis fasciculatis, sepalo- postico ovato-ob ongo
obtuso lateralibus similibus-basi in mentum curvum obtusum longe
extensis, petalis lineari-oblongis obtusis, labello obovato-cuneato retuso,
disco levi, columna brevissima pede longo incurvo.
Has.— Himalaya mountains, and probably Sikkim. bin
Caulis nd hs longus. Folia Ta poll. longa, 3 lin. lata. “song ec
1-1} lin. lon Pedicelli 7-8 lin. longi. | um 5jlin.
x ngum, lateralia 1 Į x . lon Labellun 1 p-
longum. Columna 1 n t Montu 9 lin, longum,
A member of a section Aporum with deeds large flowers, buie
as much as 12 inches long, white with x z ais pink suffusion on the back
of the sepals, ux a yellow line down the centre of the lip terminating
ina deeper blotch in front, It first Howie with Mr. James O’Brien
in October 1892.
142. Cirrhopetalum compac Rolfe; cxspitosum, pseudobulbis
ovoideis iL ge toli elliptico-oblongis obtusis carnosis sessilibus,
seapis gracilibus ifloris, oribus subumbellatis nutantibus, bracteis
lineari-lanceolatis deceit atta s, sepalo postico oblongo-lanceolato acuto
282
concavo glabro lateralibus oblongo-linearibus obtusis, petalis triangulari-
ovatis acutis iae labello sagittato-oblongo obtuso, columna brevissima
dentibus bre
Has.— aida : Panga, Curtis.
Pseudobulbi 3-4 lin. longi. Folia 1-1} poll. longa, 4-5} lin. lata.
Scapus 21 poll. longus. Bractee 1} lin. longe. Pedicelli 14 lin. longi.
lum posticum 2 lin. longum; lateralia 54-6 li lin. longa. Petala
1} lin. longa. Labeilum 1 lin. longum ,
A small species sent to Kew by M -* ©. Curtis, of the Forest Depart-
ment, Penang, which flowered in September last. It is allied to C.
parv rvulum, Hook. f., and C. acutiflorum, Hook. f. Flowers uniformly
pale straw-colo ured.
143. Trias vitrina, Rolfe ; rhizomate repente, pseudobulbis approx-
imatis AN monophyllis, foliis subsessilibus oblongo-lanceolatis sub-
acuminatis carnosis, floribus solitariis v. fasciculatis breviter pedicellatis,
sepalo postico ovato acuto erecto apice recurvo lateralibus ovatis acutis
supra medium reflexis, petalis subspathulato-oblongis acutis erectis,
labello trilobo lobis lateralibus parvis faleato-subulatis erectis intermedio
go subobtuso amplo reflexo, disco convexo supra basin bicarinato,
columna brevissima crassissima apice rostrata.
Has. — Tenasserim ; Panga, Curtis.
Pseudobulbi 6-10 lin. longi. Folia d poll. longa, E lin. lata.
Pedicelli 6 lin. tens Sepalum posticum 7 lin. longum, 5 m;
lateralia 8 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata. Petala 21 lin. longa. abel
6 lin. longum, 21 lin. latam. Columna 2 lin. longa.
Sent to Kew with the preceding P amano Sepals a very pale
shining green, and the apex of the petals and base of the lip marked
with red-brown. Leaves longer and more acute and the flowers
larger than in the previously known species
144. Celogyne Veitchii, Rolfe ; — fusiformi-oblongis
demum angulatis diphyllis, foliis leona oblongis acutis subcoriaceis,
acutis convolutis, sepalo aec co lanceolato- oblongo
concavo suberecto, lateralibus connatis lanceolato-oblongis aatia carte
conduplica cato-concavis erectis, petalis lanceolatis acutis reflexis, labello
trilobo basi saccato lobis lateralibus amplis rotundatis columnam invol-
ventibus intermedio late orbiculari-ovato acuto recurvo, disco basi
obtuse tricarinato apice levi, columna brevi clavata dilatato-alata apice
subtruncata crenulata.
Has.—Western New Guinea, Burke.
Pseudobulbi 34-4 poll. longi. Folia 5-7 pe longa, cirea 13 poll.
lata. Scapi 4-2 ped. longi. Bractee 6-8 lin. longe. Pedicelli 6-8
lin. longi. Sepala 6 lin. longa. Petala 5 lin. longa. Labellum 6-7
lin. a pa ets 3 lin. longa. voisins
A very distinct species, which flowered in the establishment of Messrs.
James Veitch & Sons in August last. Flowers pure white te, borne in long
lip, and the very short rather obscure basal keels are quite different
from any previously known species
145. Polystachya Kirkii, nv: ; oh Atal ire a lineari-
be subtéretibus monophyllis, foliis sessi ari-oblougis acutis,
pis gracilibus interdum parce ramosi i Eois all ancipitibus,
283
bracteis ig EPEA -lanceolatis acutis, » Sepalo postico lanceolato-ovato
acuto lateralibus late triangularibus natis apice subfalcatis acutis,
petalis lanceolatis wet labello trilobo ir intus pubescente lobis lateralibus
parvis semioblongis obtusissimis erectis intermedio ovato acuto, callo
lineari-oblongo valde carnoso pubescente, columna lata.
Hazs.—East Tropical Africa: Mombasa district, Sir John Kirk.
Pseudobulbi 11-2 poll. longi. Folia ES poll. longa, 7-10 lin. lata
Scapi 2-3 poll. longi. Bractee 1-1] lin. longe. Pedicelli 2-21 lin.
longi. S neo posticum 34 lin longum, 14 lin. latum; lateralia 4 lin,
longa, 4 lin. lata, Petala 34 ip, longa, 1 lin. lata. Labellum 31 lin.
longum, 24 lin. latum.. Columna 1 lin. lon nga.
A very distinet species, a atl d to P. lawrenceana, Kránzl. . It first :
flowered in the Kew colle ction in June 1894. Flow wers white with a
pseudobulbs, the flattened scapes, and the shape and colour of the
flowers.
146. Lueddemannia „triloba, Rolfe; pseudobulbis ovoideo-oblongis,
foliis lanceolatis acutis, scapis pendulis brevibus multifloris nigro-
puberulis, braeteis oblongis obtusis concavis, pedicellis nigro-puberulis,
sepalo postico elliptico-oblongo obtuso concavo ee bes paullo
latioribus, petalis o dblongo- lanceolatis. subobtus sis, labello obo basi
cuneato concavo lobis ateralibus rotundatis obtusis arae trian-
gulari acuto, disco medio eara basi qnideniiog columna clavata
alis parvis late rotundatis carnosi
Hab.—Andes of S. America.
Pseudobulbi circa 24 poll. longi. Folia eirca - 1 ped. longa.- óSoapi
6-7 poll. lon, Mais 3-5 D lon; Pedicelli 6-7 lin. longi.
Sepala 9-10 Ha. lon nga, postieum 5 5 lin. latum, lateralia 6 lin. lata.
Petala 9-i0 lin. ‘longa, 4 lin. lata. saline 10 lin. pngus, 9 lin.
latum. | Columna 9 lin. longa.
This flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., in
July last. Distinguished from the two species ccna a ree by the
short rounded side lobes of the lip, with m dagegen te t
much shor tiem scapes. Sepals light galisi lightly suffused wi
brown, petals deep 3 yellow ; P orange-yellow, with a few madder bfoin
marks at the extreme base
147. Catasetum uncatum, Rolfe ; pseudobulbis fusiformi-oblongis
foliatis, falte lanceolatis M Esci iic itn is acuminatis plicatis, lorum
lin. longum. Columna 4-6 lin. longa. Sepala et Za 9 7-8 lin.
longa. Labellum 7-8 lin. longum. Columna 3 lin, longa,
284
This was sent home with Cattleya labiata, eee and en periph
in several different collections. Messrs. F. Sander & Co. had both
sexes, which were presented to Kew. Allied to e. alieiirtbas Rodr.,
but the sepals and petals of the male flowers are twice as long as the lip,
and sometimes more, while the front of the lip is — round in
subacute apex. The flowers of both sexes are light gree
148. Catasetum apertum, d j Eo dang Pies SURE. ;
foliis lanceolatis | EE E sca ctis ifloris, is
lanceolatis oblongis subacutis, EAD] lines. a acutis concavis
subpatentibus incurvis, petalis late elliptico-oblongis subobtusis concavis
incurvis, labello supero oen apice trilobo lobis lateralibus amplis
rotundatis recurvis subintegris intermedio late triangulari obtuso sacco
M ésiicuná clavata rostrata antennis in planis diversis
divergentibus
Has.—Not known.
Pseudobulbi 4-5 poll. longi. Folia 4—7 poll. longa, 11-2 poll. lata.
Scapi circa 6 poll. longi. Bractee 6 lin. longs. Pedicelli 1 poll.
longi. Sepala. 1j poll. longa, 7 lin. lata. Petala- 14 poll. longa, 1 poll.
llum 1 poll. lo ets aS v latum ; saccus 4 poll. altus.
Columna, 1 poll. longa; antennze onge.
A striking species belonging to t diis am Eucatasetum. Tt flowered
in the collection of Sir Sess Strickland, Bart., in September, 1894.
Allied to the Eeuadorean C. macroglossum m, Rchb. f., still only known
from the description, but it ‘is no large semicircular transverse keel in
front of the lip, as in that. Sepals and petals a very light apple green,
with a few minute light brown spots; lip yellowish green, densely
spotted and marbled with warm shining brown, and becoming wholly
suffused with red brown inside the sac. Female flowers are unknown.
149. Scelochilus carinatus, Rolfe ; cæspitosus, foliis lanceolato-
linearibus acutis, scapis brevibus, racemis pendulis circa 7-floris, bracteis
lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, sepalo postico suberecto oblongo-lanceolato
subobtuso carinato conduplicato-concavo lateralibus ad medium connatis
subpatentibus basi. in saccum obtusum productis cseteris similibus,
petalis suberectis lineari-oblongis acutis apice reflexis, labello ungues ulato,
limbo reflexo orbieulari-obceordato basi bicalloso, lobis later
unguis faleato-ineurvis, columna clavata pubescente eae supra
medium dilatatis,
Has.—Andes of S. America, Lehmann.
8-4 poll. longa. Scapi 2 poll. longi. Bractee 3-4 lin. longæ.
Folia
Pedic elii 6-7 lin: longi. Sepala 8 lin. longa, saccus 1} lin, longus.
Petala 5 lin. longa. Kabalin: 5-lin. — Columna 4 lin. ae
Bipicnber last. Sepals light S petals eem above with
8 white int lined with white and purple below ;
. lei in with a maroon-purple blotch at the base of the reflexed limb of
the
150. 'Subooln bina | hainanense, ` Rolfe ; caule aaa diektobglk
foliis lanceolato-linearibus subacutis carnosis subcarinatis canaliculatis,
scapis horizontalibus v. deflexis paniculatis, bracteis oblongo-lancoolatis
; 1 i ia ahlonois obtusis
— — teutis.
dict L4 4 i4 ?
285
oblongis obtusis, labello > gbovate-pblengo obtuso GRANEN iare
oblongo, columna. brevi
Has.—Hainan, De d. C. Henry:
wor f ped. alti v. ultra. Mb ue poll. pec rina lin. ty
Sca -6 poll. longi. Bractee 2 e Pedicelli 1-1
longi. "Sepdta 1 lin. Tonga. pud * lin. foi. Tabillum 1 i
longum ; calear vix 1 lin. longum.
Allied to the Himalayan Saccolabium gemmatum, Lindl., but the
leaves are nearly flat, not subterete, and more than twice as broad.
Flowers white, with the exception of the petals and dorsal sepal, which
are lilac-pu rple. The plant was sent by Mr, Ford from ^ Hongkong
Botanie Garden to Kew, where it flowered in March las
COCCLXXXV.—BEGONIA DISEASE.
Cultivators of tropical herbaceous plants, such as Glox
ci
recently become familiar with a “ disease ” which attacks these plants,
sometimes crippling and practically destroying whole collections in a few
weeks, It attacks chiefly the young leaves and flower-buds, causing the
latter to wither and fall off, and the leaves to curl and become aborted.
When the disease is bad, the youngest leaves are arrested in growth
when very small and the whole plant soon presents a hopelessly
crippled appearance. The mature leaves are discoloured with patches
ofa black or pedem colour, as if suffering from a rust-fungas of some
d.
kin 2:
^ The general impression with regard to tothe méuseród this: disease was.
that it is fungoid. - Pales rd tallest it recently in the Gardeners’
Chronicle for September a paper on *'Tuberous Begonias,”
by Mr. W. W. Sheath T 307, 268), who stated. that * Pot-plants (of
Begcnias) are sometimes infested with a kind of rust on the stems and
leaves, which some growers say is a fungus, ws I have aoe aes it: pid
prevalent when in too much heat in spring ; by
temperature or draughts; by imperfect imum in fact, by onan
that would cause a check in the Pd p. 305 there
signed * W. K.,” wherein this disease is attributed to * large are a Y
white insects, barely -— to the naked eye.” Another ee
however, “ H. W. C.," who says (p. 337) that he is an extensi er
of Begonias, does not diee that the small white inseets are pa bias
of this rust-like disease, but inclines to believe that it is caused bya
ee
A sim ar discussion has: been going on concurrently i in the pages of
the Garden. The Assistant Curator of the Royal Gardens has been
to
a very small insect or mite, so small as to radi invisible to the dakad< eye.
It runs very quickly, and therefore often soon leaves a leaf or shoot if
disturbed. «This no doubt accounts for xr reus of experts to find
— insect when specimens of the disease have been submitted to
By lightly fumigating once a week with tobaeco the plants subject to
the attacks of this pest, we have now no difficulty in keeping our
Begonias’ ec
preventive, and almost a certain cure, if the plants have not been
286
hopelessly eigens before it is applied. ‘This year a batch of Acan-
thaceous plants, such as Justicias, Aphelandras, &c., had been suffering
from this sols disease for some weeks before it was noticed. The
gardener in casis of the plants EE a fungus was the cause of the
curling and discoloration of the foliage. By frequently dipping the
affected plants in a weak solution of ei the plants were, in most
cases, saved, and have since quite recove
Ever cultivator Yaoi how easily irregulirity of temperature or
ic moisture will bring on an attack of red-spider or thrips
prem shais- grown under glass, and this mite, which is i
either of the two pests named, and at least as area naar and
injurious in its effects on the he health of the plant, can get a start e
same cause, viz., bad ventilation or some other fault in the atitoépheié
in the house containing the plants.
Certain forms of black blotching and Sa which often dis-
figure Masdevallias of the Chimera section and some others besides,
are the work of an almost invisible nescit jcibibly a relation of the
mischievous little red-spider. It must be sought for very carefully,
- when discovered it requires some care and perseverance to get rid
of i
Specimens of the diseased plants were submitted to a well-known
authority Wiio obligingly furnished the following report :—
Mr. A. D. MICHAEL, F.L.S., to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
Cadogan Mansions, Sloane Square,
DEAR SIR, ovember 5, 1895.
RE is not any doubt what the mite on your leaves is, nor any
doubt that it is the cause of the damage. It is a Tarsonymus, the
species is probably unrecorded; I think it most resembles Kirchnert,
but is tinct ie between that and buxi. Icould make certain if it be
either of these species if you wish it, but probably the minute differences
would not interest you. The creatures ka this aee escaped observa-
tion altogether until a few yea: cu nce of their minute
size and mode of life; they ae ‘till y vere s nporleally known. They are
all most destructive, attacking healthy plants and soon reducing them
bad condition. Tarsonymus buxi practically destroyed all
the foliage of the box trees in some of the Italian Botanical Gardens a
ears aneo and in the Kew Bulletin for April 1 eeo; p- 85, you
rt of my own upon sugar-cane — which was
seriously ae from the same cause (species different).
I I cannot give any very confident horam in the eradication
of the pest. These Acari are leaf-mining things which burrow in
rama -— two surfaces of the leaf and thus get protected. They are
decis at dort irtérvida, with such solutions of soap and a
or benzol, or carbolic acid as the respective plants will bear. Plant
ealthy plants with solution of carbolic add, even if very
Yours truly,
(Signed) ALBERT D. MICHAEL.
we =
CCCCLXXXVI.—RAFIA FROM WEST AFRICA—
(continued.)
A brief account was given in the Kew Bulletin, 1895 (pp. 88-92), of
in
agascar. It is used for e nio by gardeners, as we
making mats and decorative artic
A sample of West African Rafia, obtained from the leaflets of Raphia
vinifera, locally known as the Bamboo palm, was brought to Kew by
Mr. Henry Millen, Curator of the Botanic Station at Lagos, in August
last. The following reports were obtained on this sample :—
Messrs. [pe and CHRISTIE to ROYAL GangpENs, Kew.
72, Mark Lane, London, E.C.
DEAR Sir, ee fe d 4, 1895.
flat-open. The trade, unless in famine, would not entertain it ; appear-
ance goes a long way nowadays, although for some tying purposes, this
f asked for a value, we would hazard 20/. per
Yours ‘faithfully,
(Signed) IDE and CHRISTIE.
D. Morris, Esq., C.M.G., D.Sc.,
Royai Gardens, Kew.
nec J. A. Note & Co. to ROYAL GARDENS, Kew. ©
ieee Sale 136, Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.,
Dear Sir, September 6, 1895.
Wr are favoured "with your letter of the 3rd instant, with
sample of Lagos Rafia. We are desirous of showing this to the
consumers as well as to d dealers. With the latter there will
culty in getting them to put it forward in the place of the
Ma tig Rafia, as as it is Det eve sees d €: sm aller buyers will
not look to colour so much as strength. e see no reason why it may
not be broader, as it has dabis been allowed to curl up in the
preparation, and is consequently harsh, with a tendency to cut in the
using. It is certainly the mong we have seen from the West Coast ;
what we i vec before has been soft and good colour, but very
tender and un
i cm again after we have given the consumers an
D. Morris, Esq., C.M.G., D.Sc.,
Royal — Kew.
288
As already mentioned small shipments of West African Tee have
been mem) val time to time, for many years, but no commerce has
arisen in wing to its unfavourable character as Paene with
Madagascar "Rafia. The natives all along the coast manufacture cloths,
mats, baskets, and hammocks from Rafia, and samples are in the Kew
Museums from the Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, and Old
Calabar.
Further specimens of Rafia from West Africa were anyon to
Kew» recently by Mr. Walter Haydon, Curator of the ori
Sintia, at the Gambia. The plant yielding these has not yet.
determined. It is evidently a species of Raphia, but different in the
fruit from any Raphia so far represented at Kew. Mr. Haydon's
A of Rafia were soft in texture and of good colour, but rather
short. They were, however, superior to any specimens previously
Prod from West Africa. The following Report shows also, that
the ey were hers commercially at a higher price than any former
specim:
Messrs. IDE and CHRISTIE TO ROYAL GARDENS, Kew.
72, Mark Lane, London, E.C.,
Dear Sim, : November 14, 1895.
Ree ARDING the oe and letter dated 13th from the Royal
and fine points all are against the sale and would interfere both with
sale and value.
As it is we put it about 207. to 25/. per ton, A small shipment of the
usual West Coast we sold a few days ago at 25
Yours faithfully,
(Signed) Ipz and CHRISTIE,
D. Morris, Esq., C.M.G., D.Sc.,
Royal Gardens, Kew.
CCCCLXXXVII.—DIAGNOSES AFRICAN, IX.
The small collection, of which the following are the new species, was
made by Mr. Alexander Carson in 1894, opposite the south end v
Lake Tanganyika. The novelties of his previous collections in the sam
region are described in * Diagnoses Africans," IV. (Kew Bulletin,
eas ood map of |
Proceedings of the "s cosa "Gagah Society (vol, xiv., 1892),
illustrating a paper by Mr. Alfred Sharpe. It belongs to the es
Central region, as defined in Oliver’s Flora of Tropical Africa, th
botan: tany of which is still almost i nen unknown. The whole dcllediion
contains between 40 and 50 species
l. Boscia Carsoni, Baker iain: „fruticosa, ramosissima,
gms > pall distincte 4 paced tis oblongis obtusis basi cuneatis coriaceis
i de viridibus, floribus in racemos Line multifloros termi-
289
nales gle pedicellis erecto-patentibus calyce longioribus, sepalis
oblongis persistentibas post anthesin reflexis, staminibus circiter 15
calyce pa t ongioribus antheris parvis oblongis, EJDaphoro staminibus
eiiiitlongo, ovario ovoideo stigmate sessili peltato.
Habitat, Coma plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 37 of
1894 collec
Folia re toll longa, medio 12-14 lin. lata. Sepala 2 a longa.
Fructus ignotu us.
Near B. senegalensis, Lam.
402. Ochna floribunda, Baker [Ochnacez! ; fruticosa, ramulis ligno-
sis glabris, foliis breviter petiolatis oblanceolato-oblo ongis ciliatis glabris
e medio ad basin sensim attenuatis post anthesin maturis, cymis m multis
sessilibus umbellatis multifloris, bracteis parvis congestis ovatis mem-
paulo longioribus, filamentis brevibus antheris magnis linearibus, stylo
elongato.
Habitat, —Near Lake Mwero, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson,
8 of 1894 iign,
Sepala 21 lin. longa. Petala 3 lin. longa, Fructus ignotus,
Near O. leptoclada, Oliver.
403. Dolichos platypus, Baker [ Leguminosæ] ; herbaceus, perennis,
caule stricto erecto, stipulis linearibus rigidis persistentibus, petiolo
late alato alis rigidulis basi cordatis apice rotundatis sapoe mucro-
natis persistentibus, foliis simplicibus oblongo- poe sate utis rigi-
dulis glabris, floribus paucis laxe racemosis, mpi to-patentibus
Ld esee calyce longioribus, ealycis tubo Dicit; ito. de
us tubo longioribus superioribus deltoideis inferioribus |
petalis cre rubellis calyce duplo fongtoiibus; ovario vires 2 multi-
[5 bi tat.--Mwero plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 11
. of 1894 collection.
~ Caulis sesquipedalis. Ale petiolorum 2 poll. longs, 5-6 lin. late.
Folia Ze p. longa, 10-12 lin. lata. Calyx 3 lin. longus. Vexillum
6-8 lin. 1
A ve eurious species, nearly allied to D. pter opus, Baker, in Kew
Buil., 1895, p. 66.
404, Kalanchoé S oe Baker | Crassulae cem] ; annua, caule erecto
i liis sessi iius
ae edt ps rallide luteæ tabó calyce triplo longiore dimidio
superiore cylindrico dimidio inferiore dilatato, limbi segmentis obovato-
—Ó genitalibus in tubo inclusis, staminibus biseriatis prope medium
tubi i :
Ha ji tat.—Mwero plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 3 of
1894 collection.
Caulis pedalis et ulira. Folia caulina 1—1} poll. longa. Calyx
2 lin, longus. Corolle tubus 6 lin longus; limbus expansus 4 lin
iam.
Near K. glandulosa, Hochst.
290
405. Combretum (Poivrea) mweroense, Baker [Combretacex | ;
ramulis dense pubescentibus, petiolis brevissimis dense pilosis, foliis
t exsertis, fructu oblongo obtuso ad basin attenuato angulis late
alatis
Ha bit tat.—Mwero plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 37, in
part, of 1894 collection.
Folia 2 poll. longa. Calycis tubus 8 lin. png. Stamina quam
calyx 5-6 lin. longiora. Fructus 18 lin, longus
406. Pentas modesta, Baker [Rubiaces]; annua, herbacea, caule
erecto ramoso, ramulis pubescentibus, stipulis conspicue ciliatis, foliis
linearibus acutis glabris integris sessilibus ad basin attenuatis, cymis
minali i ifloris, pedicel
rio
glabro, dentibus calycinis linearibus subæqualibus persistentibus
fructui squilongis, corolle tubo cylindrieo dentibus calycinis paulo
breviore, ine subgloboso. :
Habitat.—Kalongwizi river, Mwero, west of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 38 of 1894 collection
Bee centralia 2 poll. longa, , 3-4 lin. lata. Dentes calycini demum
in. longi. Corolle limbus expansus 4 lin. diam
407. Vernonia subaphylla, oia Mee es te]; perennis, caule
erecto parce ramoso pubescente ad collum radicis dense lanoso, foliis
paucis parvis linearibus sessilibus Bede subeoriaceis pilosis facie
canaliculatis, capitulis ad apices ramorum solitariis multifloris, invo-
lucro campanulato, bracteis obtusis imbricati is adpressis pilosis exterio-
ribus sensim brevioribus interioribus margine membranaceis rubellis,
deities puo Drums: ahanip angulatis HARRIUS Pam dan albido
setoso corolle tubo bre
Habitat.—Kalongwizi river, Mwero, west of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 10 of 1894 collection
Caulis pedalis. Folia 6-12 lin. longa. Znvolucrum 6 lin. longum.
Pappus 3 lin. longus.
. Senecio (Kleinia) mweroensis, Baker [Composite] ; caulelbrevi
cylindrico carnoso inermi, foliis minutis linearibus integris acutis car-
nosis, peduneulis nudis erectis strictis elongatis, capitulis homogamis
multifloris, involucro oblongo bracteis circiter 12 lanceolatis glabris
æqualibus, pappo molli albo corolle tubo æquilongo, limbi lobis
luteis lanceolatis.
Habitat. —- — Kalougwizi — Mwero, west of Lake Tanganyika,
Carson, 15 of 1894 collect
Pedunculi 4-6 yi longi. Involucrum 10 lin. longum, 6 lin. diam.
Pappus 10-11 lin. longus
Near S. s— Sch. Bip.; Bot. Mag. tab. 6099.
409. Dicoma quinquenervia, Baker [Composite-Mutisiacex |; per
ennis, caufe simplice stricto erecto elongato tenuiter albo-incano, foliis
caulinis distantibus linearibus vel lanceolatis integris subcoriaceis basi
caulem vaginantibus facie viridibus dorso albo-incanis, e basi su
medium conspicue uinquinerviis, capitulis mem magnis aggregatis,
291
involuero campanulato bracteis omnibus adpressis linearibus acuminatis
subcoriaceis albidis nitidis exterioribus sensim brevioribus, pappo molli
albo multiseriali dense plumoso coroll: tubo equilongo.
Habitat.—Hills near the Chama River, Mwero, west of Lake
Tanganyika, Carson, 4 of 1894 collection.
Caulis 11-2 pedalis. Folia centralia semipedalia, 12-18 lin. lata.
Involuerum 15-16 lin, longum. Pappus 6 lin. longus.
Near D. sessiliflora, Harv.
410. Ipomea (Strophi ipom weroensis, Baker [Convolvulacex] ;
caule gracili "volubili pilis subtilibus patulis - vestito, foliis patulis. distan-
tibus integris A -ovatis acutis facie viri ibus obseure pilosis dorso
s 2-3-flori
vinoso- PC magis pilosis, cymis 2-3-floris breviter pedunculatis,
pedicellis elongatis, bracteis parvis lhocolitis; sepalis ovato-lanceolatis
zequalibus pilosis, corollae albz infundibularis limbo patulo vix lobato
extus fasciis 5 pubescentibus percurso, staminibus brevibus prope basin
tubi insertis
Habita Foris plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 23
of 1894 collectio
Folia 15-18 lin. longa. Lad 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla 15 lin.
longa, limbo expanso 15-18 lin.
Near J. obscura, Ker.
411. Ipomea (Strophipomea) pharbitiformis, Baker [Convolvu- -
lace]; caule volubili gracili adpresse pubescente, te, foliis breviter petio-
latis ordato-ovatis integris acutis facie viridibus parce pilosis pilis -
bricatis pilosis, corolle saturate rubro-purpuree limbo vix lobato,
staminibus brevibus prope basin tubi insertis.
Habitat.—M wero, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 41 of 1894
collection.
Folia 2-3 poll. T bay 4} lin. longa. Corolla 18 lin. longa,
limbo expanso 15-18 lin
Near Z. Lindleyi, bii
412. Coleus punctatus, Baker [Labiate] ; perennis, caulibus validis
erectis elongatis pubescentibus, foliis longe petiolatis ovatis acutis inciso
crenatis membranaceis basi late rotundatis utrinque viridibus pubescenti-
bus dorso copiose minute nigro-punetatis, cymis multifloris subracemosis
in panieulam subdensam oblongam dispositis, pedunculis pedicellisque
pilosis, calycis t tubo brevissimo dense piloso dentibus ovatis su
multo majore, corollæ tubo supra medium decurvato ampliato, labio
superiore parvo ere Mai intei saccato unguiculato, staminibus labio
inferiore equilong
Habita MES plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 25
of 1894 collection.
Petioli 2-24 poll. longi. Folia 3-4 poll. longa, 2-24 poll. lata.
Panicula semipedalis. Calyx fructiferus 2lin.longus. Corolla 9 lin.
a.
U 89226. B
292
413. olen leucophyllus, Baker Labiptie) ; "perennis, caule
stricto erecto elongato persistenter albo-in foliis - breviter
peto. oblongis subacutis xe basi pure facie tenuiter
bo-incan mi itis i ni-
culam e dispositis, cymis multifloris distincte
pedunculatis, pedicellis ^ brevibus pubescentibus, bracteis parvis
cis, is pubescentis tubo campanulato dentibus omnibus ovatis
acutis supremo majore, corollz tubo supra medi -
labio superiore parvo erecto trilobato, inferiore no profunde
saccato scm onge unguiculato, staminibus labio inferiori pu
Habitat.—Near Mwero, west of. Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 26
of 1894: collection
o tripedalis Folia inferiora 3-4 poll. longa, medio 18-21
lin. lata. .Panicula subpedalis. Calyx floriferus, 3 lin. longus.
Corolla 12-15 lin. longa.
414. Plectranthus (Isodon) primulinus, Baker [ Labiatz] : perennis,
ramis sublignosis e icm venen hysteranthiis ignotis, racemis
ee densissimis in panic oblongam vel globosa am congestis,
s brevissimis, Gleis denas pilosi tubo ad iird tet dentibus
faros _maualibus t tubo longioribus, corolle pallide oa extus
ato ealyce paulo longiore, labio superiore
labio Interiore" majore orbiculari saecato, staminibus es inferiori
—
m plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 36
of 1894 pom
Panicule 11-2 poll. longe. Calyx demum 2 lin. longus. Corolla
3 lin. lenga.
Near P. densus, N. E. Brown, in Kew Bulletin, 1894, p. 12.
5: Scutellaria paucifolia, Baker [Labiatæ] ; perennis, cæspitosa,
atibus brevibus dense albido- ubescentibus, folis paucijugis
l
sessilibus vel breviter petiolatis ovatis obtusis integris vel obscure
erenulaiis viridibus vel purpureo tinctis utrinque pubescentibus,
floralibus parvis ovatis iterate pedicellis Sedans pilosis,
lat
calycis valde accrescentis tubo campanulato pubescente dente supremo
rbiculari reliquis minoribus obtusis, c roti tubo pubes-
cente vd eu longiore lohis brevibus latis, foiiis inclusis.
Habitat.—Mwero plateau, west of Lake Tan ha mud 12
of 1894 iiim. - Bowes r plateau of Lake Nyassa, Thom
Caules 3-5 poll. longi. Folia LEUR 3-4 lin. v Calyx
floriferus 2 lin. longus. Corolla 7-8 lin. longa.
Scis Loranthus (Dendrophthoé) mweroensis, Baker [Loranthaces | ;
mulis validis teretibus glabris, foliis distincte petiolatis oblongis
sübóituita basi rotundatis coriaceis utrinque viridibus glabris venis
&quilongis, calycis campanulati parvi glabri ore truncato, corollæ
tubo Bere urn cylindrico limbo ante anthesin globoso lobis late
ovati
: DNE plateau, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 27 .
of 1894 collection. : | |
293
Petioli 9-12 lin. longi. Folia 3-4 poll longa, medio 11-2 poll.
lata... Calyx $ lin. longus. Coria tubus 15 lin. pu lobi 14 nii
longi.
Near ZL. Braunii, Engler.
417. Gladiolus (Eugladiolus) erectiflorus, Baker [Iridew]; caule
gracili glabro elongato, foliis e 2-3 linearibus glabris elongatis
rigide subcoriaceis, spica laxa simplice multiflora, spathæ -valvis
lanceolatis parvis scariosis, fiorita us erectis albis venis ibe:
angustioribus, staminibus segmentis superioribus paulo brevioribus.
Habitat.—Liendwe, west of Lake Tanganyika, Carson, 1 of 1894
collection.
Cormus ignotus. Folia pedalia vel sesquipedalia, 3-4 lin. lata,
Valva exterior 12-15 lin. longa. Perianthium 2-21 poll. longum.
Near. G..Grantii, Baker,
CCCCLXXXVIII.—SUMACH.
(Rhus Coriaria, L.)
There are three sorts of sumach known in commerce. Vene
ti
sumach, or young fustic, consists of the twigs of Rhus Co pre Sai
southern European. species. Tn s eee a ps bright Tu i
, Dby.
their astringent properties in tanning pee The en cd the
region, and the one more widely € consists of the
iterranean
powdered leaves only of Rhus reste a nd rub growing on
rocky slopes in Sicily and elsewhere, An interesting account of the
cultivation of sumach in the vicinity of Colli, near Palermo, is trans- -
lated by Colonel H. Yule, C.B., in the Transactions of the Botanical |
Society of Edinburgh (Vol. IX., pp. 341-355), from an article by
Professor
The actes oF the sumach are eut with a pruning hook or knife of
a peculiar shape, called a * ronco," while the leaves after drying in the
fields, are threshed with a flail called a “ UM These implements |
were fenem for the Kew e kind peer of the
Foreign Office, in 1885. (hte. pos XV. [3] p
The sumach plant has been successfu ully introd Msc " Aann, and |
is said to thrive well in the dry plains of the Wimmera district.
Sumach from Melbourne plants was shown at the Exhibition of 1863.
Ina report by the U.S. Consul at Palermo, dated November 12,
1884, it is stated — n " attains a height of about 3 feet. It is a
shrub with small o about an inch lon cf The most favourable
locality for the pier n no the plant is rocky soil on the slopes of
hills.sueh as those about Palermo, whi ch are covered with it. The
growth of the plant begins in spring, and it ripens its leaves about,
August. "When the sumach is cut, it is spread on the field to dry, the»,
rd ze then broken from the stems, packed in bags, and conveyed to
the
vd The firs t process to which it is subjected in the mill is that of
cleaning, which consists of placing it in the * ventila’—~a kind of sieve—
B 2
294
to separate from it dirt, stones, snail shells, &c. This is accomplished
by a strong current of air induced by mm Rec he second
process is that of grinding, mk is similar in many respects to the « old
way of grinding grain. ‘The third process condita in placing the result
of the second in a large ted ra holes in which are graduated to suit
the taste of the country to which it is intended to export the sumach;
that for the United States Leing more finely ground than any other
country, the United States preferring fine sumach, and other countries
a coarser article.’
A recent account of the trade in sumach, which eras tg sin of
the most important industries in Palermo, is contained i reign
Office Report Cdp Series, 1895, No. 1544) by Vice-Consul De
Garston of Palermo
He states that real sumach, which is known in Sicily as * sommacco
forte," or * mascolino," is a "hardy shrub which grows upon available
patches of ground on the hillsides and the slopes of the mountains. I
does not require a good soil, but, on the contrary, is generally found
flourishing in the most stony and mioma poor ground. The plant
attains a height of about 14 feet from the ground, and the leaves closely
resemb ose of the oak. The harvesting takes place during the
months of J aly August, and September.
This species of sumach is locally kaown as “ strong ” (owing to the
reater per-centage of tannin which it yields) in contradistinction to
the similar plant known as * sommaeco fem soma! called also coe
sumach, although in point of fact it is not lim the provi
Catania, but, on the ene is very common esee ree the hol of
the province of Palerm
The leaves of the win (femminello) are tee and of much less
strength than those of the former plant, and are, therefore, of con-
siderably less value. They are consequently kesi used iù the
adulteration of the ground sumach
Two other plants which ctosily resemble each other, and are named
respectively * bruca" and “stinco,” are largely used in the sumach
trade to adulterate the genuine article. They rise to the height of
small trees, and have no leaf, properly speaking. In lieu of the leaf
they have prickly little shoots, which thickly cover the lesser m
and which, after being g collected, are ground up and mixed with the
product of the true sumach plant. These very Taferid à artictas always
contain a large proportion of earth, mre to the impossibility of making
sd undergo a process of ventilatio
re sumach, on the other hand, is capable of being Wo gee a and
is, in i fone, invariably submitted t o that operation, and t d from
ack of the impurity in the cnr of the native soil, which ANDE its way
into Es mills together with the leaf, having been taken up during
harvesting.
Of te e years there has been a continued falling-off in the quantity of
sumech exported, both as regards “leaf” and “ ound,” the demand
being much slacker than formerly. This falling-off in the demand may
be a natural sequence of the ever-increasing adulteration in the article,
which is now carried on to a great extent, and made a fine art o
What formerly went forward under the name of sumach was really the
product of the real plant , With a very small addition of unde fined
vegetable product ; what is now sold as sumach is a mysterious vegetable
x a with an infinitesimal quantity of sumach added thereto.
ees
295
Whether the adulteration which now goes on is a result vi the
hands the sumach trade has now fallen, is a question which will admit
of a em deal of argumen
In 1894 the amount of sumach, ground and in leaf, exported from
Palermo to the United Kingdom amounted to 3,469,053 kilos., in round
numbers, say, 3,400 tons, and the approximate value of same amounted
to 693, 810 lire, or in sterling, at exchange 26°50 lire, to 26,1817.,
whilst the total export of sumach to all countries during same period
was 25,562,397 kilos., or about 25,000 tons, of which France alone took
some 10,000 tons, mostly i in leaf, and America 5,500 tons, Germany
coming next with 3,265 tons, or very nearly as much as was taken by
xreat Britain. The = gn value of all the vem exported from
Palermo to all countries during 1894 was 5,112,479 lire, or in sterling
192,923. 14s. 8d. at 26°50 lire exchange.
ter the sumach leaf has been subjected to the first process of
trituration, there remains a certain amount of coarse stuff ; this is ground
er again, and the product is added to what has book already obtained.
Still there is left a certain Fete ts of unground leaves, — &c., and
this residuum is technically known in Sicilian as “ peduzzo." Thename
given to the small stalks branching from the main root of the sumach
z, the pez ves during and imm are anxious
Ae not € able to defer handling their money and wait d i.
Very frequen ntly the price reached is not a rie tempting to
induce the holder to part with his stock, in which case the stock will
in on hand till next season, and come on the market together with
the new crop. The buying and selling of sumach and its kindred
plants is wholly conducted on the basis of the obsolete weighs eos
moneys of page so rri ad for the cantar o sumac À ta
Although all the trinitas in sumach are calculated on the basis
of these ancient weights and coins, yet no such pem edes are iore ^
Italy, being lire and centesim
The value a inpia of óc varies considerably aecording to the
demand and
Last year's pon: vole d about 41 to 42 tari per cantar, or, say, about
21°96 to 22°50 lire per quintal (100 kilos. ) delivered free at the mills.
These figures, of course, refer to the genuine strong (mascolino)
sumach from the best districts. Foitniuello would be worth about
4 tari less per cantar; and bruca would sell for, say, 14 to 18 tari per
cantar ; stinco from 44 to to 6 lire, and so on. English readers may like
to be reminded that the Italian lira is worth about 9d. at the present
rate of exchange.
296
Absolutely pure sumach should contain from 30 to 32 per cent. of
asg ithhnic: br Pure femminello, on the other hand, would only:
contain from 22 to 26 per d of tannin (oxalic acid), and 16 to 18
per cent, tannin, as gallo-tannic acid. However, perfect purity in
_sumach is only a chemical expresiot mh never appears on the market.
satisfactory quality, and o; r strength than is generally
sold, would be two-thirds of genuine rote sumach and one-third
fem minello, and this should give an average T shout t 29. per. cent..
tannin (oxalic acid) and 20 per cent. of tannin as gallo-tannic acid
(when properly ground and mixed). The following figures show the-
value of sumach exported to the United States from Palermo for the
year 1894 ;—
Date. | Value.
z $ e
Quarter ending—
March 31 s " E z i 89,614 78
TET ; " - 51,853 12
$E TE Tn : 40,132 50
. December 31st - - - - " 109,473 78
Total^^ oe E 391,074 18
. The last paragraph of the above report has been slightly modified in
expression: It is still, however, at first sight not quite intelligible.
Professor Chureh, F.R.S., has obligingly furnished the following
explanation : —* I find that the amount of potassium permanganate
e o
weight of sumach are capable of reducing the same amount of perman-
ganate.as 80 parts of oxalic acid; it is calculated that this: figure:
corresponds to 20 parts of gallo-tannie acid.”
CCCCLXXXIX.—LIBERIAN COFFEE.
A note with the most.recent information on Liberian coffee was
published in the Kew inis ial 1895, p. 273. This also contained &
list of articles that have i on the subject in the Bulletin during
the last five years. Where suitable facilities do not exist at the place o
production for cleiming ‘Liberian coffee the following ame in
regard to cleaning it in London will be useful to planters. Messrs.
Major and Field, who have favoured Kew with a le duró on the subject.
have had ovo experience in dealing with shipments of Liberian
coffee to this country :—
Messrs. Masor AND Fietp to Royan Garpens, Kew.
Red Lion and Three Cranes Wharf,
` Upper Thames Street,
= Dear § Sm, | . London "o. C., November 14, 1895,
n _ As our fete to Ee of the 3rd pointed out, the reference in our
letter of March — lished in the Kew Bulletin (1893, p. 130-132),
297
was only to shipments of Liberian geet in the cherry, and not to
shipments of Liberian coffee in parchment at all.
We have carefully read the Premier phils on Liberian coffee on
pp. 261-263 of the Kew Bulletin of 1888, which contains Messrs. Lewis
and Peat’s letter, and we think it is quite compatible with the belief
that “it is probable that, under many conditions, being able to ship
oe er in parchment is a facility of considerable importance to
Mes essrs, Lewis and Peat say in their letter of October 1888, ii We
certainly think if such results can be obtained on the other side, as
shown by your sample from the Tan Hun Guan estate, at Durian
Tungal (Malacca), it would be folly to send the coffee home here in
parchment.” This remark is on the assumption that it is possible to
a few red with an amount o
which it may often be commercially impracticable to bestow on an entire
. crop, and we have in mind the difficulty that cultivators so often
experience in preparing their crop (after they have perhaps grown it in
the best possible way) to suit the fancy of the buyers.
As regards the remark that “the parchment of this coffee gets very
hard and difficult to clean when left long before cleaning," there is no
doubt that Liberian parchment is far more difficult to deal with than
parchment of the Arabian type, but as the coffee has to be thoroughly
dry whether it is cleaned here or abroad, we do not think the parchment
really becomes any harder when left long before cleaning, or that the
coffee is more difficult to work than it otherwise would have been
The remark would, however, undoubtedly apply to Liberian coffee
dried in the cherry, as the cherry husk then becomes . ngly hard,
very much indeed like the shell of a nut, and it was EnowIege ar this
fact, and that coffee forwarded in cherry naturally shows a far higher
per centage of loss a, ra than coffee sent forward merely in the
parchment, that led 1 Jur so strongly in our letter of March
1892 ( Kew rangi 1893, pp. 1 20:153). gaps shipments of Liberian.
coffee in cherry. regards the pare f Johore Li iberian, referred to
by Messrs. Lewis aoi Peat as not MAUS turned out. satisfactorily, the
fact that it Fa not been properly dried and was consequently musty,
would be sufficient to account for the bad result, as if growers failed
to pulp, ak: and dry their produce properly, it is impossible for any
amount as care, either on this or the other de E to afterwards Dacia
the de =
ies in o
Coffee Company, Limited. These gentlemen have furnished us with
information as to prices obtained, &e., so that we are able to give fairly
full particulars concerning this pare
We understand it is the first shipment from the Taritipan estate of
the company in British North a d and consisted of B. C. and
Co., Limited, 43 bags parchment coffee, and three bags cleaned coffee,
which arrived per “Telamon” SS. at Singapore, ex * Banjermassin”
SS. at Kudat, eo. Messrs. Shand, Haldan e time
& Co, at t
they hand s the Borneo Liberian with instructions ‘to: warehouse
and clean hi coffee, seien us that they antieipated a rather
298
rough yes as it had been collecting for some time, and the
pulpers no t having arrived out there, the means of pulping were
not adequate. On landing the parcel, we found that there were two
doubt that the latter was some of the first to be gathered, and that the
treatment was not thoroughly understood at the time. The two.parcels
were husked separately, and the 26 bags were found to be much the
same style of "OF as the three bags that had been cleaned abroad.
The out-turn after husking, sizing, &c., with the prices realised in
bond, were as follows :—
———— Net Out-turn. |Price per Cwt.
Cwts. Qrs. Lbs. $45
Ex 17 bags :— ;
Bold - - - - - 84.2 3 89 0
Medium - = - = 0 .2..25 70 0
Bold peaberry s o4 - DU Sr LO 75 0
26 bags :—
Bold s * - - os EE. 1.18 735 6
Medium = » - - 1:90:96 60 0
Bold and small peas, with small peas ex | 2 0 5 70 0
he 17 bags.
Ex 17 bags - E - - 0:70 19 } 50 0
Ex 26 bags - - - - 07- Ec.
3 bags eleaned abroad - - - - PLI 70 0
The lossin weight on the 43 bags after husking was 32°6 per cent.
For purposes of comparison, it will, perhaps, mad be fair to take
t s they were so m
e
either of the other lots; but, as a rough comparison, wu 26 s ma
be contrasted with the three "bags cleaned abroad. The average price of
the 15 cwt. of the former works out at 72s. 11d. pêr ewt. against 70s.
per ewt. realised by the latter, and | although we do not pretend hat, oa
result of one
the other, yet we think it fairly justifies the conclusion that under? fits
conditions being able to ship in parchment may be of considerable
importance to producers. That the best pile in the parcel fetched 89s.
treated over here. e price we charge for cleaning Liberian parchment
coffee is 3s. 9d. Mes ewt., as against 2s. 6d. per ewt. for Arabica parchment,
the operation being very much more difficult, and the charge includes
all the London warehouse charges mil would be incurred if the coffee
were sent over after having been clea oad.
Whether it is worth while MARG Liberian coffee in parchment is à
question that at least at present we think each individual grower must
` decide himself, being guided by local conditions and the circum-
stances of his own ease. A certain amount of labour would be saved
which on new estates, and where the labour supply is not plentiful,
Would be of considerable importance, the hands being set free for other
. work on the estfite. The Europeans in charge would be able to look
after the potui work of the place, instead of having to superintend the
T cleaning operations, with the working of which many of them may be
299
only very imperfectly acquainted. The capital outlay on macbinery is
reduced, and risks of breaking down avoided. This latter ere
must be most important when the coffee is being cultivated, as it s
frequently i ae in countries where no engineering shops exist, incita ud
intended for shipment in der cs asdf it was going to be treated on
the spot, otherwise successful results dida. be expected. In this
el
and comparatively free from silver skin, while some is extensivcly
coated with the latter is. is Fine c and dull in appearanc
In
conclusion, we ma we are sure Messrs. Shand, Haldane, &
Co. would answer os th iries you might like to make with reference
to the Borneo coffee, and we shall be glad to give you any further
m aipat in our power on the subject.
We are, &c.
The Director, (Signed) MaJoR AND FIELD.
Royal Gardens, Kew.
CCCCXC.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.
The Director of the Royal Gardens represented the Royal Society at
the funeral of M. Pasteur in Paris on October 5.
ical Magazine.—The October number opens with dinem
Gear, a native of Cauca, Colombia. It was first sent to Kew from
Herrenhausen by Dr. Wendland in 1887, but this plant has not flowered ;
subsequently it was received from Messrs. Sander & Co., of St. ans,
and this plant flowered last year. It is a striking Ue
cordat nd long, narrow, deep purple spathes. Mormodes
rolfeanum, a native of Peru, is a handsome orchid, which flowered at
ew in January of the present year. Polygala Galpini, a South
represented. in the figure. It was flowered at Kew A bulbs pre-
ma Py Mr. Max Leichtlin, of Baden-Baden. Sternbergia fischeriana
is ring-flowering species, very similar to S. lutea. Bulbs were
received at Kew last year from Messrs. Dammann, of Naples, and from
Mr. E. Whittall, of Smyrna, near which place they were collected by
the latter gentleman,
300
x Kewensis.—In the Bulletin for 1893, p. 342, the Herd
of thè first part of this important compilation was announé nd
particulars given of its history, scope, and probable date of eotililotoi:
Happily nothing has occurred to impede the progress of the work,
and the Yast part is in the hands of botanists, within the period
originally estimated for passing it through the press. Sir Joseph
Hooker and Mr. Daydon Jackson, the principal crates are to be
heartily eotigratalated on the accomplishment of this great and arduous
undertaking, in which the resources of Kew have P-ren so important a
part. As already explained, this index covers the period from the
establishment of binominal nomenclature by Linnæus in 1753 down to
the end of 1885. This leaves ten years, and ten very active years, of
botanical work still unindexed; but it is rP rM to know that a
supplement covering this dec ade is in a forward state of preparation.
» Be Durand, of the Royal Herbarium, Brussels, began this supplement
e years a o, and even offered the first five years of it to the editors
of t the Index j hein for i -— aticn in that work, but the offer was
declined because acceptance would have delayed publication and inter-
fered with the original plan. Bie were — however, to encourage
and assist M. Durand, and arrangements are in progress for publishing
the supplement uniformly with the Index det Mr. Daydon Jackson
is now actively assisting M. Durand, ans is hoped that they will be
able to publish during the course of n ver
K stem of Greenhouse Construction—The periodical recon-
struction of the houses in which plants are grown under glass is a
to which it is necessarily exposed. To obviate this difficulty iron has
for some years been freely used in the construction of Sreenhousee, at
es which can
be easily replaced at any time, if they become decay ed, rest conveniently
on the arms of the inverted T.
This method of stint ation has proved perfectly successful, and the
Conservatory, No. IV., as well as the Temperate Fern House, No, IH.,
are good examples of the method.
The merits of the system have not pueda the attention of the
horticulturists of other countries. The Royal Board of Works and
Buildings, Munich, and the Board of Commissioners of the Zoological
Gardens erdam, have severally applied for detailed working
drawings of the mode of construction employed in the Kew houses,
And these have been furnished accordingly by the First Commissioner
of Her Majesty’s Works and Public Buildings.
Rosa wichuraiana.—This very distinct and ornamental rose, which has
lately ae the subject of much praise in the gar ardening journals, has
recently been figured in the Botanical Magazine (plate, 7421), tinder
the name of R. Lucie, with which species it was formerly associated,
when only known from ‘dried specimens. The reduction has been the
cause of some questions being addressed to Kew, and it may, therefore,
be useful to give the histoty of the name wichuraiana. It was
-rhodologist, Fr. Crépin, to a specimen
801
TESE ME SL) &
Bitelia de Belyique (X5 un 1, p. xd on ‘the assumption that it
ited
was the same specie. Consequently it has since been c by many
writers as_a synonym UNS M further investigation aah Crépin
restored it (Bull. Soc. Roy. B fon Ang 5 p. 189). to. specific rank in
1886. Botanically there is not mu separate.. R. multiflora, R,
Lucie, and R. w urdia though E habit of the latter is extremely
ifterent.
Another point has arisen in connection with the figure in the
Botanical Magazine. In a footnote, it stated that Rosa Lucie (but
inferentially KR. wiehuraiana), “must have been introduced into
England at an earlier period, for there is a good specimen of it jn the-
Kew Ate sane received from Canon Ellacombe in 18 The
specimen in question is neither R. Lucie nor R. wichuraiana, but
R. MR ë, though it bore the first name in gardens until the error-
was discovered.
West Indian Frog at te ree following account is reprinted from:
Nature, for October 31 (p. 13) :—
A short time ago! er Watson, the eret Curator of Kew
Gardens, informed me that he had noticed. for. several: years, in some of
the hot- -houses, specimens of a small frog, which, hiding away during
the day among the pots and orchid- TU enlivened the « quiet evenings
with their shrill whistling notes. | Suspecting that this frog must be a
foreign importation, I asked the Director a allow some otf the specimens
to be v dia and some odia uv T. indus the Rien peo -—
k oL. Vi ncent, Dominica, Barb dos, &c., and possibly in
tena "Mr. Watson sae that he parerii it first some ten
years ago, that he lost sight of it for some time, but tres ii reappeared
about four or five years ago. - Taking into EEA PR on few fac
with which Me are acquainted as to - repr reduction a this frog, it
seems most probable that several specimens of sexes were, on more
than one ocension accidentally introduced in à Wardian n cases.
However that may be, it is evident that the frogs have freely propa-
gated ithe their introduction. At present they are most numerous in
the propagating houses, in e. the temperature ranges: between 80
1 ) degrees, sinki winter at times to nearly 60
ipanying Mr. Watson one riim I heard from several points the
call of the frogs, which somewhat resembled the piping of a E
bird; and, guided by the sound, I — soon the pleasure of seeing o:
of them clinging to the side of a glass
There is nothing extraordinary in c: accidental importation of ue
viduals of a tropical species of frog into Europe, but it is an interesting:
SkBerienee that the specum should have. permanently established itself.
This is. owing, in the first place, to the favourable conditions under
which it pei itself rm and secondly, io the peculiar mode of its
propagation
Hylodes mar tinicensis, and probably the majority of its congeners,
does not spawn in water, but deposits from 15 to 30 ova on leaves in
damp places. . After a fortnight the. young frogs are ai hadan in a perfect
form, having passed through the metamorphosis within the egg, thus.
302
rk the vicissitudes and dangers to which they would have been
exposed during the progress of the usual Batrachian metamorphosis.
This instance of the acclimatisation in Kew Gardens of the * Coqui °’
(as the frog is called in Porto Rico) is unique in Batrachian life at
present. Itrust that the little guest may long flourish where it has
found such a congenial home, and where it usefully aids in the destruc-
tion of plant-eating insects and wood-lice, of which I found great
numbers in the stomach of a specimen. If at a later period a nest with
ova were discovered, Mr. Thiselton-Dyer would delight the heart of
embryologists, to whom the — of examining fresh ova of this
frog would be most welcom
ALBERT GUNTHER.
Kew, October 20.
“Spot” disease of eae —This hn Mo disease has been
vestigated by a member of the staff, and the results published in the
Annals of Botany, (vol. ix., 1005; p. 421). When a section through
a “spot ” is examined under the microscope, spherical bodies are seen
s many of the cells; these bodies increase in size and change their
shape when in contact with water, thus resembling to some exient the
i lasmodiophora, but are in reality masses of disorganised cell
contents produced by a sudden chill, caused by the presence of minute
s of water on the surface of the leaf at a time when the temperature
is below the normal. “Spot” can be produced at will by placing
minute particles of ice, or some drops of water on the leaf of an orchid
to a temperature of 10-15 degrees F. lower than usual.
The disease of vine leaves known as Brunissure or browning, which
has been described as due to the presence of a parasite, Plasmodiophora
vitis, is also shown to be the result of a sudden fall of t temperature
when the leaves v vn with rain or mist.
The following summary, while indicating the cause, suggests the
means for the iniret of * spot ^ in cultivated orchids. (1) too high
.&temperature; (2) too much water, and not sufficient air in contact
with the roots; (3) watering or spraying with a falling instead of a
rising temperature,
Arabian objects for Museum.—Through the liberality of Mr.
Theodore Bent the Museum of the Royal Gardens has lately become.
coi of the following interesting objects from Hadramaut and
" oe offee pot as used at Oman, made of tin and brass and orna-
mented with a rough kind of chasing. 2. A pipe cut out of a solid
piece of stone, and used in Hadramaut for smoking tobacco; it is about
5 inches long and bears evidence of having been in considerable use as
it is quite blackened by burning tobacco. 3. A hat, such as is worn
Bedouin women, made of 2 leaves, apparently those € the Date palm
(Phenix dactylifera.) Two Incense Burners, one from Hadramaut
the other from Oman Each measures about 4 inches high and 2 sam
a at the top. That from Hadramaut has a projecting handle o
de by which to carry it. It is made of coarse red ear artes
with rit Abebe ornamentation and has apparently | been in considerable
use, while that from Oman is quite new, with painted ornamentation
covered with a a glaze and without handle.
303
The interest attaching to these burners lies in the fact that they are
probably used for te Gum Olibanum or Frankincense, which is a
product of Southern Arabia
Pictures of the Lake—The lake at the southern end of the Royal
Gardens is an entirely ar o creation. It was commenced about 40
years ago by the late Sir William Hooker, the then Director, who had
nothing more than an old grii pit to work upon. It was further
developed by Sir Joseph Hooker, and no pains have since been spared
prove its sc
and the collections of alders and willows fringe it on the north and
we
These, apart from their botanical interest, have been, as far as possible,
arranged 10 pr F^ a pictorial e effect. This has veut the attention
of M, and Mme. de l Aubiniére who, for the last two years, hav
employed in painting a series of studies and RH from different
pin A view. As an inspection of a selection of these would be of
many visitors to the Royal oap the private ine in the
North Gallery has been utilised for the purpose
Select debian: Plants readily eligible for Industrial Culture
or Naturalisation—A ninth edition of this useful work by Sir
Ferdinand von x? eller, Government Botanist at Melbourne, has
recently issued from the office of the Government Printer at Melbourne.
arantee of the
This fact alone is a sufficient E EETA the ypas of the nok ie
eyes of the public. As the title indicates, extra dre dealt
with ; and the book may best be described as a piman u ofi Formation
ecse — of T eee gleaned from a variety of sources.
largely on the aU dibcinas from whieh he wh, and whose names
compiler gives the native countries
cultivated; their products or uses; their native mu and other par-
ticulars of interest or utility. Lists are also given of plants suitable
for certain climates and situations. The plan of the feki is —
‘and there is an index to vernacular names.
Cape Herbarium.— The following account of the origin and history
of the Cape Herbarium is reprinted from the Cape Times of October
The Ca ape Government Herbarium has its home in the upper portion
of the offices of the Agricultural n Grave Street, and is under
the charge of Professor MacOwan, the Government Botanist. The
collection was originally the private se rts made by Med Zeyher for
himself, from the vast quantity of ifs of Cape exsiccata, which
in eonjunction with Ecklon, and ari alone, collected
and prepared for sale to European sire during a period of about
s. Zeyher finally visited ah s with a large dissi of
scientific material, which he was anxious ace and realise. To raise
funds for the voyage, he pledged his berber to Dr. Ludwig Pappe,
X
304
who was an enthusiastic botanist.and his friend. , On. Zeyher's arrival
in Hamburg the whole of the saleable pecunena were store
m Dr. W. S
was never able to repay either of the advances, and by a mutual under-
standing Pappe satisfied Dr. Son Miis Torn m,.and increased by.that
amount the hypothecation on the herba . Ultimately Zeyher made
over the collection to Dr. Pappe, “508 aonad to study and use it
ily, by the holder’s hearty permission, just as if it had been still his own.
Dr. oe died in 1852, leaving his family in. somewhat. straitened.
cireumstanees and possessors of the considerable botanical Wee and
baria ci APR during a long life. Unaware of the mode of
exploiting either one or the other the heritors offered the fibre y for
sale at an ordinary auction, and the volumes were, with much grudging,
bought by the Public Library Management at a shilling apiece. No
buyer presented himself for the herbarium. At last Mr. Rawson W.
wson, the Colonial Secretary, induced the Gove et to give the
family 400/. for it. Its value then, before it had deteriorated by bad
housing and years of neglect, might have been about 1,200/. It was
stored away, now in one place and now in another, much as oathay is
stored, and suffered from the inevitable insects which prey on dried
plants and also from rain dripping through the roof of its presumed
shel ‘Then it was at — J. €. Brown's suggestion, housed in a
east dry. Dr. Harv
study series of satontaphteally certified types. ‘his he did to the end. `
of Volume III., when the work was cut short by his premature death.
Babooqueat!y. the collection was returned to the Cape, and this study set
was lodged in seven cabinets of the-Kew pattern, under direction of
Mr. Brown
As nothiog was being done for the collection, not even sublimating
the typica cal study-set to prevent insect raids, Professor MacOwan, who
was then living in Graham's Town, addressed Sir Philip Wodehouse on
the subject in 1867, pointing out thgt nothing had been done for its
preservation. The collection was no longer in charge of Dr. Brown,
whose office of Colonial aei had been abolished, and it appeared to
be nobody's cc to es anything for it, as Mr, Trimen of the South
African Museum refused to take it in charge. Professor MaeOwan
offered to fouss it at his own expense under control of the Albany:
Museum, and to supply the needful cabinets at his own charges. The
reply was that it was not — to transfer the collection to the
Eastern Provinces. East and West differences "were then Au pro-
nounced. The collection was AER placed in charge of Mr. Jam
MeGibbon, the gardener, but when Sir Henry Barkly leer Sir
m Wodehouse, Mr. MacOwan, knowing him to be a well-informed
tan sm renewed his application. Sir Henry erii without
up to the mark = occasional inspectio:
In February 1881, Mr. MacO wan was S aoai curator, in addition,
xs to e dn duty of director of the Botanic Gardens, Nine new cabinets were
505
J 3.
at once added and filled, and these i y
he- -— curator added his private herbarium of European: plan nts, n
‘bering some 5000 sheets. Until the removal of the collection to ‘the
new Agricultural Offices iu Grave Street, Vesper eig Peu arrange-
ments were very inadequate and ingonreniit Ther not much to
o " vernm
charge and his scientifie en drain could doubtless point out some
shortcomings. It is not very accessible, indeed atthe top of the building,
and there is always a dread of the recurrence of the catastrophe which
overtook Zeyher’s collection in Hamburg. Some day, perhaps, it may
be remoyed to a new and truly public museum, into which students will
be skates and tempted to enter by the very aspect of the building
itself.
Camphor.—The pesca) demand for this substance, which is obtained
ur distillation from the wood of Cinnamomum Camphora, a tree of Japan
China, has led to fonts being addressed to Kew as to its extended
atis in the Colonies. It grow if freely in et E Europe and is
suitable for planting in any warm ti € elim
The following note is extraeted from the Brio North Borneo
Herald, E eee er 16 :—
* Nea O years ago pe osa camphor was quoted at $20 per picul,
but E uds causes, chiefly owing to the invention of smokeless
gunpowder, in the vai tases of which it is largely used, the price has
now risen to $79. In thisconnection it is a curious fact to note that
camphor which discharges a dn vouge of carbon during corps. on
should produce a smokeless eo
he cause assigned for th Sof price proves to be erro neou will
be seen from, the UE Tots or which Kew is fidebled i Si
Frederick Abel.
Sır FREDERICK ABEL TO ROYAL GARDENs, Krew.
Imperial Institute, Imperial Institute Road,
ndon, S.W.,
DEAR gos arae DYER * November 16, 1895.
soon demonstrated to be attended with serious practical disadvantage
and its application for this purpose can therefore not be said to have been
other than experimental, and of no great importance, even at that time,
ip
applied to the M of imitation ivory, tortoise-shell, horn, and a
great variety of purpose
Yours sincerely,
We ds — Esq., (Signed) F. A. ABEL.
C.M.G., €
Royal Gar dens, Kew.
306
MY lii. ES p. 219. Tt ne to tropical Brazil, and was
collected near Rio Janeiro by Miers. Mr. White writes :—
* I enclose some seeds of a tree which i is being used most successfully
here as a shade for coffee. It has flowers in small white balls just the
size of those of the Sensitive plant, pods long, flat, compressed, with 15
to 20 seeds. Pods do not open, being held together strong m
veins; they simply break up when rotten. No one here knows the
name of this tree. I have referred it to Mr. Lebmsnn, ‘aid he di not
know it. It is a native only of Antioquia, and grows in a mean tem-
perature of 75? Fahr. It is fond of stony poor soil. A tree 18 months old
' will cover 144 square yards of ground (12 x 12). It goes to sleep at
night, allowing the dew and cool air to reach the coffee. When young the
is soft, but on ageing it n gets a red heart, and becomes
hard and durable. The seed I send has been bathed in i maase of
copper solution, and I believe it p be good, so you try a few
seeds in Kew by way of curiosity and send the rest to one of our beat
establishments to be reported on. When full-grown this tree may be
50 feet high with a spread of at least 50 feet on all oo Nothing n
and during the night allows the dew to refresh the plants beneath. The
leaflets do not litter the plantation and are too small to harbour fungi
and moulds. It is easily trimmed and brought to shape. The
umbrella ants will attack it but they can only get hold of one little
u
nce they | have balanced up working expenses and output.
This is an Gitan tage.”
Crop of Cider Apples.—A correspondent in Gloucestershire writes :—
Cider apples are so abundant here that they fetch only ls. a sack.
Eight sacks make 100 alae of mw therefore ls. will produce about
D
12 gallons of cider, or 1d. a gallo ouble this for making, casks,
profit, &c., and you arrive at 3d. per quart. There is a lot of drinking
in store for those who require it. About 14d. will make a man drunk
if three quarts of acrid mapas will do the job.
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
No. 108. | DECEMBER. [1895.
CCCCXCI.—CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES.
the Kew Bulletin for July 1894 ( pp. 219-223) an article was
Mie from the Standard on the importation of vegetables. This
newspaper is ordinarily well-informed on agricultural subjects, and the
article sppoared to give a fair summary of facts which etia i, deserved
careful study. Kew is not oceupied with vegetable gr wing, and the
article was reprinted only with the objeet of drawing PUE to the
subjeet as an economie problem.
Two of the leading horticultural journals commented — it. The
Gardeners Magazine for July 21st, 1894, wrote as follow:
Marker SUPPLIES OF VEGETABLES.
In the current issue of the Kew Bulletin is given a reprint of an
article from one of the dailies on the market supplies of vegetables,
and as it now appears with the official sanction of a great Government
department, * as a useful and, doubtless, epi Eod: a the facts,"
we feel compelled to take some notice of it. The r states in
his opening remarks that we receive large quantis of age bles
from various parts of the Continent, and of excellent
taken. We are also in agreement with the writer when he tell us that
the prices of tomatoes and cauliflowers have fallen caret” during
the past 12 years, as indeed we are upon some err r poit “tu But
there is much to whi ch exception must be
‘In be
e
for in t, *In September come to hand the Se valle nt Belgian
neys, in man best in the market," and that,
5 inte rtat roper, tons upon tons become the
n
port of Hamburg." If the Be gian kidney is the “ very
in the market during Séiahiber it is a matter for some surprise that
it has no longer a place i in the market reports of that month. Further,
what js said with reference to “ tons upon tons” of potatoes sent from
Germany, and to the German genes holding “a high place in the
market, ex even continues to do so until rus into April, " might have
held good from 10 to 20 years ago ; utu late years the importation
of German potatoes has rendy declined, as proved by the fact that in
December 1893 we received 49 tons, and in the corresponding month
of 1891 six tons only were imported from that country. ** With regard
to onions," we are assured that “ ae. appears to be wholly menm
n 89871. 1375.—1/96. Wt. 308
- 905
upon the stupendous foreign importations." If this be so, it would
X interesting to know what becomes of the get quantities ‘produced
n Bedfordshire € some other of the counties. As we have frequently
sinted, we do not grow this esculent so largely as we should do, but
this is a very different matter from depending “ wholly ” upon foreign
supplies. With reference to cabbages, the writer states, “ that the poor
would be badly off indeed for this healthy vegetable if they relied
only on the English growth," and “that the cabbages sold at the
Borough Market, at Spitalfields, and along the wharves are in almost
all cases impor ted from Holland.” To confute these statements is
wholly unnecessary. Nor, indeed, is it possible to seriously discuss
such assertions as “the best vegetables of all grades are of foreign
importation," the “ English produetion is but a small.item in the
20 years ago, yet for almost everything that is in it, hrs ‘ened he
urchas p ooks to the Continent for his-supply;," of
the fact d that last year we devoted 1,652,860 acres to the iiaia of
fruits and vegetables, of which the greater proportion was sent to market.
But we must. confess to some surprise that they shouid have been
considered deserving of * permanent preservation.’
The Gardeners’ Chronicle for August 11th, 1894, contained the
following paragraph :—
* Tn this article one side of the question ae but the writer has
not availed himself of the very striking facts which were published on
this subject in our columns last year, nor does T deal with the. very diffi-
cult problems connected with markets and the means of distribution.”
The general tendeney of the professional journals, it will be seen, is to
minimize the state of things to which attention was called. This is of
course one way of dealing with it. Perhapsa more prolitable one is to
extract from the Annual Statement of the Trade of the United King-
dom with Foreign Countries and British Possessions, the statistical
“facts as to the actual importation of vegetables into this rae A and
their value. The classification, unfortunately, is not carried i very
great detail, but it brings out some striking point -
PRINCIPAL ARTICLES (Vegetables) of Foreign and Colonial Merchandise
1894.
imported in
| oai
Ontons, Raw: M Bushels.
From Germany - - - =al 227,175 31,758
ollan j r 1,088,610. | 137,799
» Belgium - - - a] 266,099 | ,89
3 France B - - 697,620 | 90,162
» Portugal - - - - 283,671 | 53,001 -~
» Spain - - - 1,189,528 | 196,210
3 aid - - jJ - 54,701 11,476
5 & 1,400,793 197,751
$ United States of America - 17,757 | 3,79
5 er foreign countries - - 7,883 | 1,715
Total from foreign countries | -. - 5,233,847 | 757,161
From Malta T 51,239 7,393
» Other British potsegione - - 3,426 486
_ Total from British possessions - — - | E 665 ns "BRE
CNR CECE am ob. i E he AR C Richa iuo T UR ESI E m bod ualde
a tdi ri Dota LOS 6c R icu cip p ot 765,040. |
ones . UO IAE C AME De SOR A VOR. 2
S
e
POTATOE f l |
hen (ones - - - | 92,427 22,623
» Holland - E - 271,141 71,560
» Belgium - < - - | 95,336 17,535
» France. - - =| 895,983 288,454
W ota - - - «| 97,521 35,133
» Spai - - - 14,934 5,123
» Canes ary Isla - -| 58,742 ^| 37,668
other Ls. aiii - - 8 4,369
Total from foreign countries — - - 1,540,482 | 477,465
From Channel Islands - - 1,139,542 | 540,539
» alta - - - - 23,436 12,003
» other British possessions - - 343 84
Total from British possessions - 210168821 £7] 552,626
TL e A - -| 2,703,803 | . 2,080,091
VEGETABLES, Raw, Unenumerated, imported during the Years
1889-94.
| Year. 4 Value.
£
1889 = $ i 621,760
1890 pe 773,590
| 1891 © - ʻi à à 932,917
| 1892 * -- ja 1,016,280
| 1998 - : B " 1,076,749.
| 1894 » vi sy vee f bod ,970.
The progressive increase in the ease of unenumerated vegetables from
1889 to last year rere s or itself, The tH ONE table gives the source
of origin for 1894
From Denmark - |. = mU E 3,242
» German ^ ` - 37,711
; Holland - : - .. 99,596
y^" Belgie * >“ E s 2:500 15,044
j » France - a qM See
LTM i) Portugal | w PEA Jn a TRONES
cd dde P 5T Mar wed see La eee ee
Spain 23 2 JU gia
i rm Tehinds- $ g uui 201 ete gis
OR TE — ee ~ Uh Sane.
, Austrian "Territories : p 18,859 .
,. Houmania -. /710,062
, United States “of Niki - - 45,068
» ther foreign countries - die 4,137
Total from foreign countries. -~ - . $44,325
From Channel Islands = © 244,369
», Other British fodsesiotia E - 1,676
Total. from British possessions - -> 246,045
| Total ~ ‘ - 1,090,370
310
Totar VALUE of the Negotehles į imported into the United Kingdom
1894 :—
ring the Year
£
ero - - - za AUS 765,040
Potatoe - 1,030,091
Raw qoot midniüoepdid - - 1,090,970
Total - - - 2,885,501
The values of the imports of fruit for the same year are also striking.
The following are the principal items :—
£
APPLES (raw) - - 1,389,421
The most hare rears sources x supply were :—
United States of Apip - 488,114
Ca pins ; : 7 - 317,154
Pears (raw 411,316
The most 'inporiant source of supply was ess 191,200
Piums (raw) 302,105
The most eects source of gual was N 170,826
Comment upon "ns dem pd for the moment be deferred. A =
whole subject has ntly engaged the attention of the Boar
griculture which published i in its Journal for March 1895 (pp. 287 291)
a very important article which is reproduced.
MARKET GARDENING.
In 1875 there were 38,957 acres of market gardens in Great Britain,
whilst in 1894 there were no fewer than 88,210 acres, exclusive of
vegetable crops on farms. The farmers have of late years peted
keenly with market gardeners in the cultivation of greens and cabbages,
with which they ean feed their stock in case of a glut in the market.
Farraers, especially those near railways in direct communication with
good markets, also grow, to a considerable extent, peas for podding,
broad beans, turnips and turnip-greens, and early potatoes. They have
not yet cultivated, at least in any important degree, those vegetables
which ae a es deal of labour, such as onions, carrots, parsnips,
cucumbers, 1 beans, radishes, &c.; with respect to these, how-
ever, the pikes, vi es are more or less severely interfered with by
foreign supplies, which grow larger year by year
Foreign competition has made itself felt in respect of early vegetables
and salads, which are Serta some s Ar before those grown in
England are ready for market. Early turnips, carrots, peas, and
French beans from France, the Canary an ds, Madei shin and Algeria,
arrive tong before English market-gardeners can ‘supp y these vegetables,
oot own expensive crops are ready, the fancy prices have
sisi iu © foreigners’ pockets, and as market-gardeners say, “ the edge
of the ipeto for this early produce has been taken off.” The same
applies to salads, notably to lettuces, which are imported in large
quantities from France and the Canary Islands as early as January,
i et.
311
early and so largely from Holland, and are usually so plentiful ae
cheap, that many market- ardeners in Great Britain have ceased t
w them. Radis i
Channel Islands, completely RN English produce. Very large
importations are made from Holland of beetroot and red cabbage for
pickling, which, until recently, were s iet tty cultivated in England.
But it is in the ease of onions that there has latterly been the most
extraordinary increase in importation. Onions were regarded as an
almost safe-paying crop if the weather were favourable, but in the last
two years prices have been so forced down by foreign oopeution, that
in many years, especially in 1894, the growers have los
some instances was imposs sible to dispose of bates in the last
on,
In 1875, 1,695, E bushels of onions, valued at 321,3162., were
imported into Great Britain, mainly from Holland, Belgium, France,
and Portugal—Holland being by far the largest exporting country, Th
amount of this importation in 1884 was 3,474,746 bushels, valued at
481 ,4271., from Germany, Holland d (which sent 1,481. 543 bushels),
Belgium, France, Portugal, Spain, Italy, and Egypt. In 1894 no less
than 5,288,512 bushels of onions, of the value of 765,040/., came from
abroad.
is noteworthy that the imports of onions mud Holland have
considerably deereased since 1885, but those from Germany, France, and
Spain have much increased. ‘The Mee of onions pmi Egypt have
more Bas quadrupled in the past de
s, again, were formerly petit sources of profit to British
ers and
OS . Early and quick- -goni ng varieties were put in and
dug d to supply the demand for pots and other crops were
got in taken off during t the autum er dern of very early
"interfere much with English growers of po tatoes, and threaten -
interfere with potato-growers in the Channel Islands, whose potatoe
are not ready in any quantity until the first week in May. ‘The arrivals of
new potatoes commence about Christmas time, and ara in increasing
quantities until the Channel Islands season begins. The average impor-
tation of potatoes for the first six months of the i three years from
Franee, Lisbon, Canary Islands, Malta, the Channel prece and ther
pouttties was 1,764,258 ewts., of an average value of 710.
The importation of potatoes from the Channel Islands insi in May
and odatini until August. The average ce of potatoes im mported
from this source for the four aea June, July, Au —of the
last three years was 1,171,216 cwts., of an irene value of 521, 1417. for
each of the three periods,
The average annual importation of potatoes of the last three years from
parts of the world x itm country amounted to 2,846,754 ewts., of an
average value of 962,45
‘The volume of aa potatoes has, however, decreased considerably
during the past quarter of a century, and the character of the trade has
changed in a great and significant degree. For the three years ending
1875, the average annual importation of potatoes was 5,363,136 ewts.
For the three years ending 1885, the annual average importation was
3,297,867 cwt. Since 1880, some of the large ME countries which
formerly sent potatoes in the late summer and a n have greatl
diminished their supplies, as they could not oxide. wit the English
312
main crop produce. But from the Canary Islands, the Azores, Malta,
Spain, and the south of Pein and other sources, steady supplies of
new potatoes have been se
Besides the new quee and onions imported, large quantities of raw,
unenumerated vegetables, such as peas, French beans, lettuce, and other
* salads," cauliflowers, spinach, beetroot, radishes, turnips, and cucumbers
7
are sent from Den nmark, Germany, Holland, France, Portugal, Madeira,
value of ‘these raw vegetables was 467,2871., while in 1875 it was only
132,1247; divided mainly between Holland; France, and Germany.
This importation of raw vegetables is spread fairly oed over each
month in the year, though it is somewhat lar arger in June, July, an
August. It interferes d od with the prices of deber in the ear ly
spring months, and it is from primeurs and delicate vegetables and salads
that market-gardeners have hitherto made their chief gains, ‘Some profit
is still made from young “bunching” onionsin May and June, as onions
are not imported in this form. These are now, pavers, produced by
farmers who, as a market-gardener remarked lately, ‘are driven. into ib
and look over the Sica and s to egit their Pe urs.’ Until
Lineal hire, some districts, asparagus was former 5 ciii with
considerable profe to the growers, especially for the first fortnight or so
of the season, but the impor tation of asparagus from ‘Toulouse, Dijon,
Paris, and parts of Spain, which begins in January and continues until
about the time when English asparagus is ready, has in recent yeurs
rendered this erop less profitable.
“The high pe of market-garden land near London, in Middlesex,
Essex, Kent, and Surrey, as well as the dearness and scarcity of labour,
also handicap the industry. This applies to all market-gardens near
large centres of population where "r labourers can get good wages in
inclined tó^work on the ve . In the production of such crops : as
onions, carrots, celery, and lettuce, a great deal'of. labour is absolutely
essential, not. only — their eultivation, but also for preparing them for
market, and in this respect farmers in many localities would have a
considerable dieit aa Market-gardeners in the vicinity. of London
and other populous places are able to cart their. vegetables to market in
their own conveyances. Farmers who live near railways. communieat-
ing directly with markets, are able to consign large quantities of vege-
tables. at fairly. reasonable rates, though they and market-gardeners
complain of the rates charged for small consiguments o of their produce.
echnieal knowledge is necessary in the production of vegetables.
Somé market-gardeners are particularly clever, energetie, and hardwork-
ing, S on the look-out for some new **idea," and many of them,
.from thei connexion with salesmen and their propinquity to o towns are
: An Acie ih. bon egetable. markets, and are well and EA
eg 1 ZA
suppl oly and demand. In these respects th ve
e ove Ver farmers, S who do not, as a rule, care about sm.
313
details, and would not have such opportunities of getting information
as to immediate and prospective market wants. nt whe ere techni
as relia
information concerning the state of markets, and it wil pay to grow vege-
tables, farmers will no doubt adapt themselves to circumstances rendered
necessary by the exigencies of the times.
There appears to be some opening for the further cultivation of
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houses, for the English markets. The cultivation of this vegetable is
simple and profitable, and in view of the increasing demand, it may be
worthy of e attention of Britisb farmers
ardeners have done best who grow fruit and vegetables
together, in localities distant from London, and near railways communi-
a th
as herbs and salads, so that there is almost always something to send to
market. In some of these favoured districts, as Pershore and Evésham,
for example, there has been a large increase in the acreage of market-
garden land, and the demand for, and the price of suitable land have
increased. But even at there has been a marked falling-off in the
profits in the past t 0 years, and the cultivators are somewhat dis-
couraged, and are re-arranging their rotations to suit the altered
conditions,
It was pointed out in the Kew Bulletin qua p- Tm that dure are
iwo problems involved in the question. and those
which require abundance of summer sunshine ed hn etes sre may be
n in warm elimates in the open - but can in this eountry only be
pete under glass. “ Early vegetables’ are a luxury for the rich.
higher. The enhanced cost principally represents the difficulty and
distance of transport for perishable commodities. e com
between the cost of t mA on the one hand and the interest on the
capital invested on the abiat du cm that in other da aic the e of
production to be about equ ual. But the cost: of foreign transport is con-
tinually being paises and in the long run the foreign neS is likely to
oust the home-grow
Where, NH wen dis aes eise is with eont euis es countries in the
North of Euro wA ds rcm of the large and increasing amount of
Hiis e imports is SO | us. It is ET that according
the Board of "dngheutkone, " ‘the import of raw vegetables is
pP fairly evenly over each month of ie year, though it is somewhat
pes: aien in June, July, and August.” Here it is not wholly a — “
earline It is interesting to analyse the causes assigned by th
Board of pa ieulture :—
i. 3
ii. Disnelination Wd women to work on the land.
i. Ee: railway rates for small consignments,
Want echale knowledge
ltis clear dd with regard. to i., iii., and Mie uy are susceptible
of self-adjustment. Rents may come down; technical knowl
will increase; and already railway companies are showing a disposition
LIII
.
3
ii. points to another and less obvious eause, w hich at a first sight seems
might say that it would rather buy an article of consumption from out-
side than produce it itself; and it is by no means impossible that this
approaches the secret of the whole matter, If the price of Jabour allows of
cabbages being aro more cheaply in Holland than in England, they
will be imported
The Board of a tage Lamy out in its Journal for December
1894 AUR 150) another ca
e fewness of distributing centres.
“So pm as the praetice continues of consigning the chief part of
the fruit grown in this country to the few existing markets there
must be occasional glut.” Yet, however abundant the harvest of fruit,
the price to the local consumer rarely falls, hat is mainly wanted
then is greater facilities of distribution as between the producer and the
consumer.
The following SORT illustration is taken from the Daily
E oe for July 17, 1894
* A correspondent says: A mU in Covent Garden had consigned
to him last Saturday 2,500 bags of peas, Fs ear 30,000 pecks. A
large quantity of these were sold as low s. per bag, or 1d. per peck.
The cost of gathering is about 1s., ; eniai and other
charges 6d., total 2s. each bag. The coster would gain a heap of
money by the glut, the public an advantage, the salesman his commis-
sion, and lastly the producer, whose share has wholly near may
find him self called upon to make good any loss incurred by the
transaction
With ated to potatoes it is interesting to observe that the importa-
tion is gradually declining. According to » the Agricultural Returns Je
Great Britain, 1894, published by the Board of Agriculture (p. xxxix
the figures for the last twenty years stand as follows :—
Tons.
1873 - - é - - 340,000
1883 . - - E - 257,500
1893 - : - “ga: AE 2
For the last year the gross B arbda in the United Kingdom was
6,541,000 tons (p. xxvi.}. One potato therefore in something under fifty
would be foreign. But as the bulk of the imports of potatoes are from
France and the Channel Islands, it is obvious it is pretty nearly
accounted for by the earlier crop which those countries produce.
The case of onions is, however, the most enigmatical. The Gardeners’
Magazine asks, “ What becomes of the large crops grown in Bedford-
shire?” and the Board of Agriculture ee. "in some instances, it
was impossible to dispose of onions in the last se
The pages of the Gardeners’ Chronicle, which i is the leading pro-
fessional journal, have been searched for “ striking fac Ped E would
throw light on the problems involved, without much s
In the number of February 4, 1893 (page 136) it viet "that * much
of the success attending the importation of Ámeriean apples is due
to colour in the fruit" 1t recommends “making a better selection
of varieties of apples as well as improved methods of culture and of
and further that in schools * children should be tà taught that
ie Patrioti thing to consome home grown apple.”
315
The same number gives (page 137) a siking statement as to the
contrast between home and foreign freig
“As an illustration of the excessive coo which agriculture in
this country has to submit to, it may be mentioned that it costs less
to bring agricultural seeds from Chicago to London, a distance of about
4,000 miles (of which 1,000 are by rail and » oe by steamer) than it
i ithi i ope also, th
difference though less is still excessive, the ioni vid from the North
of France to Londón being less than from the home counties, and from
the South of France than “frou Yorkshire."
CCCCXCII.—DECADES KEWENSES.
PLANTARUM NOVARUM IN HERBARIO Horti Reem CONSERVATARUM.
DECAS XXII.
The plants of this decade are from a collection made by Dr. Leo
Hirsch, in the summer of 1893, in the country of Hadramaut, in Southern
ra were placed at our disposal for publication by Dr.
Schweinfurth, with the Nec idea st their being compared with the
collections made in the same r egion by J. 'Theodore Bent, Esq. ^ and
Mr. "rei which are ionis iod "ie in the Bulletin p 1894, pp
343, and 1895, p. 158 and pp. 180-186. Dr. Hirsch landed at Maal
ascended the mountains of the interior to a height of over
and returned to the same . A short account of his expedition will
be found in Anr 8 Mittheilungen, 1894, p. 30. The collection
contained about 150 species, of which wae three were amongst the
novelties dinsifirod by Messrs. Bent and Lun
211. Dombeya arabica, Baker TRE. . fruticosa, ramulis
dense stellato-pubescent ibus, foliis breviter peliolatis cordato-orbiculari-
bas obtusis "sinuatis heprean dentatis prope marginem crispatis
racteis ovatis pilosis, pedicellis flore longioribus, sepalis ovatis dense
pubescentibus, petalis obovatis coccineis calyce paulo oribus,
staminibus 15 tubo filamentarum brevissimo staminodiis lanceolatis
petaloideis coccineis, stylo obsoleto,
Habitat.—Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch, 170.
m 3-4 poll. longa et lata. Calyx 3 lin. longus. Petala 4 lin.
lon
a distinct in its very short staminal tube, staminodia just like the
petals in colour and texture, and obsolete style.
212. Thamnosma Hirschii, Schwf. [Rutacez] ; herbacea, perennis,
glabra, in partibus orinibüs glandulis subimmersis copiosis rutaceis
flavo-viridibus predita, foliis remotis sessilibus linearibus marginibus
revolutis, floribus laxe racemosis, pedicellis erecto-patentibus, calycis
lobis ovatis obtusis, petalis oblongis ealyce 3—4-plo longioribus, stami-
316
nibus petalis squilongis filamentis linearibus antheris parvis globosis,
fructu coriaceo oblo ongo profunde bifido lobis apice rotundatis, seminibus
globosis granulatis
Habitat. —Kischin, Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch, 77. Native
name bda
Folia m lin. longa. Petala 1 lin. longa. Fructus 3 lin. longus.
The two original species eane from Texas and California... Dr.
Balfour found a third in Soe and we have a fourth from the
Transvaal, as yet eo pem. Y Dr. Atherstone. The
Arabian plant most resembles T. texana, Torrey.
Rhamnus leucodermis, Baker | Rhamnaceæ] ; fruticosa, glabra,
viridibus calyce paulo longioribus, ovario globoso, stylo ovario æqui-
longo, fructu globoso cuspidato.
Habitat —Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch, 84.
Folia 4-6 liv. longa. Sepala $lin.longa. Fructus 2 lin. longus.
Near R. — m and R. deis Boiss.
214. Rhus flexicanlis, Bak "pin naesfåtab ex |; fruticosa, ramulis
gracillimis teretibus dense piei, foliis petiolatis Lye ra trifoliolatis
foliolis oblanceolato-oblongis obtusis integris basi ctneatis par d
sordide viridibus dense pilosis, floribus perminutis in panieulam amplam
laxam terminalém ramis pubescentibus flexuosis dispositis, pedicellis
erecto-patentibus flore siti bud; bracteis ovatis acutis parvis persisten-
tibus, sepalis late ovatis, petalis oblongis obtusis viridibus calyce 2-3
lo ongi ioribus, staminibus petalis brevioribus.
| Habitat. —Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch, 153.
Petioli 3-4 lin. longi. Foliola 6-8 lin. longa. Petala 4 lin longa.
Fructus ignotus,
Near the Indian R. mysorensis, Heyne, and R, parviflora, ouais
215, Tephrosia (Reineria) geminiflora, Baker [Legumin nosa }
herbacea, perennis, caulibus gracillimis adpresse albo-sericeis, stipulis is
subulatis persistentibus, foliis petiolatis pinnstim trifoliolatis foliolis
linearibus rigide coriaceis utrinque adpresse albo-sericeis terminali
breviter petiolulato lateralibus majore, floribus geminis axillaribus,
pedicellis ealyce ari aider calycis tubo campanulato sericeo dentibus
cuspidatis basi cce tubo longioribus, petalis pallide rubellis calyce
duplo longioribus, vexillo obovato extus sericeo, alis angustis vexillo
distincte ee pre a ciem petalis. brevioribus, ovario lineari
multiovulat
Habitat iN Southern Arabia, /Zirsch, 94.
Foliolum terminale 12-15 lin. longum; 1- lin. latum, Cal, ya 1] lia,
longus. Vexillum 3 lin. longum. Fructus ignotus,
Near T. subtriflora, Hochst.
Conyza stenodonta, - Baker Pec tie ; suffru-
oe ramulis lignosis brunneis obsc ris
Gas a oblanceolatis acutis pinna
317
linearibus ne — recurvatis, capitulis multis laxe corymboso-
panies latis, gr umi s brevibus vel elongatis, involucri campanulati
bracteis EU dr "ridi s pallidis adpressis, interioribus linearibus
exterioribus sensim brevioribus, achzniis cylindricis, pappo albo flexili
corolle tubo sequilongo.
Habitat. —Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch, 55. Native name,
hatéke.
Folia 12-15 lin. longa, segmentis 1 lin, latis. Jnvoluerum 2-21 lin,
longum. Pappus 14 lin
Near C. stricta, Willd.
217. Conyza cylindrica, Baker [ Composite-Asteroidex] ; suf-
fruticosa, tenuiter albo-incana, ramulis lignosis teretibus pallidis, foliis
sessilibus dec apre crassis subeylindricis facie. canalieulatis, capitulis
ucis laxe corymbosis -longe peduneulatis, involucri campanulati
braeteis multiseriatis adpressis rigidis palli idis interioribus linearibus
exterioribus sensim brevioribus, achæniis pubescentibus, pappo setoso
albo flexili corollæ tubo æquilongo.
Habitat.—Ras Schirwén, Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch, 80.
Native mie Tabefet.
i-1i poll. longas i lin, diam. < Znvolucrum: 2 lin. longum.
Pappe 14 lin. longus
218. Grantia senecionoides, Baker [Composite - Inuloidem] ;
rbacea, perennis, caulibus pilis mollibus. brevibus atalis dense
bo
centrali oblanceolat ibus paucis remotis superioribus pinnati-
is segmenti linearibus inferioribus sensim is
multifloris discoideis ad apices ramulorum solitariis involueri cam
lati bracteis biseriatis exterioribus foliaceis integris linearibus interioribus
brevioribus lanceolatis scariosis pallidis pubescentibus, achwniis pubes-
centibus, pappo biseriale exteriore brevi paleaceo interiore setoso albido
coroll tubo æquilongo
Habitat.—Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch, 14.
. Folia inferiora (cum petiolo) 3-4. poll. ong ita 1 lin. latis.
Involucrum 6 lin. longum, Pappus 3 lin, lon
Resembles G. discoidea, Bunge, in the RUM bd involucre, Differs
by its bipinnatifid leaves.
9. Hirschia, Baker ie Saar ae -Inuloidearum genus novam].
Ca apits hon a, multiflora, discoidea, floribus omnibus herm
phroditis. Involucrum duplex, bracteis exterioribus foliaceis proinde
pinnatifidis, interioribus 2-3-seriatis chartaceis lanceolatis æquilongis.
convexum. Corolla su wide lobis 5 :equalibus
erectis ovatis Taian. Anthere basi caudate. Stylus plane ens
ignotus. Pappus setosus, setis tragilibus valde inwqualibus, exterioribu
breviori bus Herba perennis, Tamu is albo-ineanis, foliis aitline
cen bipinnatifidis segmentis angustis, capitulis ad apices ramorum
solitariis
on anthemidifolin, Baker... The only species.,
‘Habitat; Hadramaut, Southern Arabia, Hirsch 35.
Folia cum petiolo 1-1} poll. longa, "uda 4 lin, latis. Znvoluerum
7-8 lin. longum. Pappus 3 lin. longus.
318
This new genus comes nearest to Grantia, from which it differs by
its homogamous discoid flowers, biseriate involucre with pinnata
rimi Aye Sawa and the absence of a paleaceous outer row to the
us. In eral habit it most resembles e Algerine Grantia
(Perralderiay ohromia, Benth. et Hook. fi
220. Caralluma arabica, V. E. Brown bdelgind). C. tuberculate
similis, floribus terminalibus sepalis
ovatis acutis, corolle tubo brevi campanulato lobis ovatis acatis levibus
atro-purpureis, coronze exterioris lobis profunde bifidis segmentis lineari-
filiformibus Ghtialied rectis apice arcuatis quam columna staminum multo
longioribus, coron: interioris lobis linearibus obtusis dorso gibbosis super
antheras incumbentibus et eis sub:zquantibus.
Habitat.—Southern Arabia: Wadi eu near Saihut, Hirsch, 28.
Pedicelli 14-2 lin. longi. Sep 3-2 lin. longa. Corolle
tubus 1% lin. longus, lobi 2 lin. eae H lin. lati. Corone exterioris
lobi i lin. longi, segmentis 4 lin. longis; interioris lobi 4—} lin.
longi.
CORNER RAR ERES NOTES.
Ta i
entered the Royal Gardens in June 1892. He was lent from Kew to
act as Curator of the Botanic Station at Aburi, Gold Coast, during the
absence, in 1893-4, of the late Mr. Crowther, who was sent by his
Government to inspect the principal Botanic Gardens in the West
Indies. Mr. Willey managed the station to the satisfaetion of the
Government of the Gold Coast and is therefore prepared by previous
experience in West Africa for the duties of his new post.
r.J. M. Hxwnv has retired from tbe post of Superintendent of
the] Rated State Gardens after 16 years service. He was sent out from
Kew in 1867, and after 12 years service in ras and Bengal was
appointed to Baroda in November 1879.
Botanical Magazine.—The number for November is conan aly an
orchid number, the only other plant figured being the wy verbena-
ceous Amasonia erecta, a native of eastern tro opical outh Rialto: for
living plants of ca Kew is indebted to Messrs. Sander & Co.
orchids are: Angrecum Kotschyi, from a very fine raceme from the
arden of Sir Trevor. previas Spathoglottis kimballiana, a pretty
Bornean ies, also one of Messrs. Sander’s introductions; Catasetum
i eg native of the Ile de Marajo, at. the mouth of the Amazons, sent
to Kew by Mr. E. Rand in 1894; and Selenipedium sargentianum, a
native of Brazil, imported by Messrs. Sander, and flowered in 1896.
With the ree, Han of the Catasetum, there are all ‘handsome ornamental
orchids,
319
coker’ ’s Icones Plantarum.—Part one of Vol. V. of the fourth series
enormous tree 150 feet high, with a straight trunk 5 feet in diameter,”
inhabiting North Travancore. Ramisia brasiliensis is a somewhat
pretties ae of ti Nyctaginee, blót Wi ith stellate scales like
an Eleaynus, and having an accrescent perianth 1} inches in diameter,
enclosing ite: ripe fruit. Lysimachia grandifolia, a native of China, is
warkable for its ample foliage and umbellate flowers ; and Petrocosmea
blue flowers three es as large as th he p TT known
species. Daniella ppd is the frankincense tree of ne.
C od rp w genus of the Aurantiacee, Tienes unifolio-
curious novelties from Borneo, including a new genus,
Hederella, allied to Medinilla. Aloe minima is a diminutive species
discovered by M. S. Evans in Natal. Finally there are figures of two
e ene species of um "ANT umbelliferous genus Neogoezia, described
e Bulletin, 1894, p. 354. Unfortunately ris “arg ens and
stir errors were overlooked in this number. Thus the letterpress
to plate 2415, p. 3, the name Malanthos and its dorivátidl iN be
aiae Hederella TA Stapf, plate 2416, is not a new
species, but the same as Dissocheta quintuplinervis, Cogn. Pomatostoma
immer um, plate 2420, is ido not new,as may be seen from the
dms e i:
Distribution of Kew Seeds.— The md annually of a list. of
seeds ripened at Kew and available for exchange has resulted in a con-
siderable inerease in the number of packets of seeds distributed. "The
are applied for from both publie and private gardens in all parts of bid
world. The seeds are for the most part of re plants. Last
(1894) nearly 6000 packets aa supplied correspondents viue
desiderata had been seleeted from the printed ee In addition to this
number nearly 1000 packets of dedi received from Botanic Gardens in ~
India and the Colonies were distributed from Kew. The total number
of packets of seeds distributed annually from Kew ‘haps to the i issue
of a printed list in 1885 was about 2000 per annu
Remo val of large Screw Pines.—The disappearance from the orth :
wing of the Palm house of the two miM LE s of Screw
(Pandanus) which had for so many yea en conspicuous objects ‘in
it requires a brief agate The age of both ai probably not less than
0-80 years. They were, therefore, in existence at Kew before it
became a national chi se rar The names which they have always
borne are perhaps not free from doubt. But the accurate determination
of Pandanads is attended with extreme difficulty.
Pandanus reflexus.—This was a striking plant of great size which
tood at the’ end of the wing near the staircase. It immediatel
attracted attention from its dense heads of enormous Beir y UE
eaves. According to John Smith’ s Records of Kew (p. 126) it was
introduced to Kew by Wallich in 1818. P. Voli is an obscure.
320
species said to be a native of Bourbon. ON the Kew plant was
correctly referred to it will perhaps never be known with certainty. It
was a male plant. and the correct determination “of plants of this sex
Peu deer difficulties,
1889 a large plant of Pandanus odoratissimus was received
from the Oxford Botanic Garden and planted in the Palm house
immediately opposite the Pandanus reflexus. It died in the following
November apparently from the same disease as eventually inti ip
the larger plant. In 1891 it was noticed that the foliage of thi
somewhat yellowish and unhealthy appearance. The great liés of
leaves than began one by one to fall over, evidently from a rotting of
the stem at the “neck.” They were removed but the mischief con-
tinued and eventually it became necessary to sacrifice the whole
plant.
The loss from disease of a large and important specimen in a Botanic
Pflanzen" (i, pp. clon. He ve. he disease the very abro pfe
of * der. "andaneen His careful description
of the progress of the disease exactly agrees with what was observed
M s k NY: Mis Me het Med "m where |
the stem appeared to be healthy. The disease extended downwards an
inwards. All the branches ultimately became affected."
Curiously enough in the same year a fine screw pine Cae
utilis) at the Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, succumbed in the same way.
The director, Dr. Moore, gave an account of it to the Royal Dublin
Society on March 20, 1871. “Tt was upwards of 50 years old, and had
branches, having a clean stem for nearly 10 feet," The account which
Dr. Moore gives of the progressive destruction of the Dublin Plant
accords exactly with our experience a
terial from the Kew plant was Eo for ele to. Pistasdr
Marshall Ward, F.R.S. He reported “ There is no doubt whatever as
to the main point. I have got into tis heart of the stem, and find a
perfectly aoe though very slender, mycelium ramifying in the
cell-walls; as yet I do not see it in the leaves, It is a most murderous
é beast " avide ty.:
"v rcg found what can hardly be doubted to have been the
ame fungus in the Breslau case. He identified it with Melanconium
pE which Léveillé found aig a Pandanus at Paris in 1845.
elanconium is, however, only a phase in the life-history of som
spheriaceous fungus, Other pha ses no dee exist in a less con nspieuous
form, and it a ai these that the screw pines become infected, . It i
noticeable that in all the recorded cases ^ plants have attained con-
siderable een pemn before they are attacked
Pandanus odoratissimus.—There is no We of the rei oe intro-
duction. of the kin g qe Eug red this. name, ed a
dici ne zd
*
321
„Screw pines grow only from the extremities of their branches, and do
ot when eut in produce new growths by the development of adventi-
Pine * had about 40 branches, each bearing a huge tuft of foliage, and
it measured 30 feet in height, with a diameter of 40 feet, Its weight
would be about 6 tons.’
It was a female plant and first fruited in 1883 and — its large
heads of fruits about a foot long almost every subsequent year. was
remov ed in in 1894 and was then aring five heads. Up to 1882 it was
the striking mass of aerial roots has been carefully preserved for future
exhibition in No. . Museum. An illustration of the striking mass
was published in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for January 5,
P. odoratissimus, Roxb., is reduced in the Fiora of British India to
P. fascicularis, Lam
Citrus inodora.—This is anew species of Citrus, native of Queensland.
It is of interest as possessing economic qualities renderi ing it suitable
for cultivation as a substitute for the West India lime or for affording
an Australian stock on which to graft or bud other sorts of Citrus
plants. The following account is taken from the Ugo Tiii of the
Queensland viene eee Society (July-September, 1 94) :
Citrus inodora.— The Cou nll were debel t Mr. F. M. Bailey,
F.L. S, Colonial ire bea y of seeds and sc pe of this
Queensland lime. Mr. Bailey, i in i is "Third Supplement to the Synopsis
of the Queensland Flora (1890, page i MED the nd her
habitat is on Harvey's Creek, Russell adds :
species of Citrus is well worthy of bis tid for its "pis wach s is
juicy, and equal in flavour to the West Indian lime. In general ap-
e tree resembles the orange, having the same dark-green
: spec
the Society a large number of seeds were got; these had all been sown
under favourable conditions, while the scions have ed upon
Citrus roots. Mr. Bailey is of opinion that this Citrus plant will be an
native, and, so far as is RN not liable to any disease, is greatly in
its favour for stock purposes
Sarda Melon.—A description of this melon was creen in =
Kew Bulletin for 1894, p. 75, ripe fruits having been ived a
Kew from Dr. Aitch ison, F.R.S., C.I.E., who obtained chen cm
Kabul The seeds from these fruits were distributed to several
Colonial Botanic CUu, and to the principal private gardens in this
country, including Her Majesty’s Royal Gardens, Frogmore, Windsor,
from whence a fruit was sent to Kew by Mr. O. Thomas, who wrote
* T send you a small fruit of the Sarda Melon for you to taste. The
322
flavour, I think, sweet, and very refreshing. I shall certainly grow
this melon again, and use it to cross with other varieties.” The
: z 5r kin
sweet and juicy. Dr. Aitchison pointed out in a note published in
the Kew Bulletin that the Sarda Melon ps not develop its full
Men until it has been exposed to a low temperature, and then kept
for a
Icerya ægyptiaca in India.—In the Kew Leni) ge aa 1890
(pp. 91-07) Mr. J. W. Douglas gave an account of a * Mealy
Bug’ 10 from Alexandria, under bisa name of CyoBilálóMa
egyptiacum, which Mr. Riley, the United States clint ee sub-
sequently identified as an /cerya (Kew Bulletin, 1891, p. 48). What
Mr. Douglas believes to be the same insect has been HEU found
on a plant of Aristolochia saccata on its arrival at Kew from the Royal
Botanie Garden, Caleutta, where it would, therefore, appear to be
established.
» Errata- Pago 94, 9th line from bottom, for “longpipes” read
Page 124, 24th line from top, for “ Inconum ” read * Iconum
Page 193, 3rd line, for * Batemania " read ** Batemannia."
323
INDEX.
A.
ibatilen molle, Baker, 212.
acia Speer iu 40.
acias in. Na tal, 2
Acer mit ion 24:
Achilus, Hemsl., ae, nov., 39.
— siamensis, Hemsl., 39, 122,
04.
- Acidanthera sequinoetialis, 40.
Acrocephalus lagoensis, Baker,
152.
Additions io Garden, 19, 155, 203,
— — a. 20, 38, 45,
78, 79, 125, 157, 158, 159, 204,
272, 273.
— — Library, 46, 156, 157; 205.
useum, 236, 272, 302.
Cr angustifolia, N. Da
Brown, |
Agricultural | far ms in the Bombay
Presiden
Konali 1 in British Honduras,
— ee
Ai camphor, 275.
Albuca humilis, Baker, 158.
Allium Henryi, W7 ight, 119.
Alocasia squiloba, V. E. Brown,
119.
Aloe brachystachys 71.
— Buc i, Baker, 119.
— conair, ' barer 153.
— minima, Baker. 153.
Amorphophallus Prainii, 141.
Anbury, 129.
ro pid ibs pertusus, 209.
Smithii, Rolfe, 37.
— stylosum, Rolfe, 194.
mu s, N. E. Brown, gen. nov.,
259.
N. E. Brown, 259.
N.
— Mannii,
Anisotoma p^ E.
rown,
; anteoniedta insignis, Galpin 150,
158.
n 89871.
46,
| Anthocleista Kalbreyeri,
i
i
Baker,
99.
-— erie Baker, 93.
— parviflora, Ba her r, 99
— aedes. Baker, 99.
Anthospermum humile,
Brown, 145.
Anthurium Gustavi, 299.
Antidesma Panes 272.
Apherema spica
Ne E.
rÉ
| Aphloia my rtiflora, Galpin, 142.
f, 306.
Apples, cider, crop o
—, dried, zine in, 2
Appointments, 155, 231 i
Arabia, South, dried anes from,
158, 180, 315.
"ein objects for Museum, 302.
Arboretum, hand-list of trees and
shr ima grow n in,
Arenaria vestita, Baker 212.
| Arenga Engleri,
al ques concfomum, Hemsl.,
105.
Argylia canescens, 156.
Aristolochia u&gilitolis, 198.
Arthrostylidium Prestoéi, Munro,
Asclepins albida, V. E. Brown,
-— m N. E. Brown, 70.
E d
— conspicua, Brown, 253.
flavida, N. E. Brown, 255.
— ue N. E n, 254.
tegra, iV. L.
— — Philipsie, N. E. Brown, 219.
N. E. d 254.
ygm:ea, JV. E. n, 255.
— Sehweinturthii, N. Pi Brown,
— ps addu, N. E. Brown, 254.
— — N. E. Brown, 255.
Ashmore eport on Gold
Coast Botanic "Station, 12.
Aspilia Glaziovi, Baken, m
Asystasia Coles, R olfe, 22
Athrixia pinifolia, N. E. dida,
26.
Atrophaxis Musehketowi, 272.
a
B.
Ballota fruticosa, Baker, 225;
amboo palm, 88
. Barbados, Sugar-cane disease, Re-
port of the ‘Com mmission, 81.
Batemannia eat Hany Rolfe, 193.
Begonia disease, 285
Bent, J. Theodore, dried plants
from South Arabia, 158, 180.
b
Benzoin, Siam, 154, 195.
Berlin, Notizblatt des Königlichen
e anischen Gartens und Mu-
seu T:
Piigacu farm, Bombay Presi-
dene
oot, 37.
Bojeria vestita, Baker, 68.
mbay Presidency, ‘agricultaral
rr
Books :—
Berlin, Notizblatt des Kgl. bot.
artens, 77.-
Botanical Magazine, 19, 40,
77, 121, 156, 198, 232, 272,
Botany of the Pileomayo Ex-
pedition, 2
British Mim orit otim vp
Donations of to Kew
Donn’s Hortus Destabrigielis
Fossil plants of the von
Measures, 123.
Guide to Museum No. IL, 208:
of
"Handbook of the Flora
Ceylon, 236.
Hand-list of Ferns and Fern
Allies, 1
= — Herbaceous Plants,
= 208.
— — — Trees and Shrubs,
40,
oe s Icones Plantaram, 19,
122, 199.
Hortus F sieur 278.
Tikslios Expedition, seien-
tifie reports of, 2
Kn ue s s Bota i in jore orem
57.
y, 29.
lumea balsamifera (with plate),
et : -
epu
, 124.
' Plants,
ooks :—
Pritzel’s Iconum
Index, supplement t
nt ech Bxiagopicl
Boscia Cee. Baker, 288.
Botanical Magazine, 19, 40, 77,
121, 156,198, 232, 272, 299; 318.
— Nomenclature, 2
— Survey of India, 56.
Botanic Garden, Z omba, 186.
— Gardens in South Africa, 49.
— Station, British Honduras, 10.
— —, Gold Coast, 11, 165.
—- —, Niger Coast Protectorate,
l 4.
Bouteloua iE ia, 210.
Brachyste a Buchanani, N, E.
Brown, A
icum; N. E. Brown, 263.
Brandisia reicenioas, Hemsl., 11
ritish Ce ntra A botanical
— Fungus-flora, 234.
-— ae cultivation of plantains,
2306.
— Honduras, agriculture in, 9.
— —, Botanic Station, 10.
— North Borneo, dried plants
from, 272.
Judd quadrifari ia, Baker, 71.
Baddleia cuspidata, Baker rhb
—Á— Cominsii, ` Rolfe,
-— Takan, Rolfe, 7.
C.
Cacao cultivation at the Gold
Coast, 13, 22.
— Niger Coast, 164.
Cacti, large, from Arizona, 155.
Calathea cyelophora, — 17.
— Gardneri, Baker, 1
pee eene 305.
i, 275.
és Tierberitn; 303.
Caralluma arabica, N. E. Brown,
— Edithæ, wE: Brit 219.
— hirtiflora, N. E. Brown, 264.
somalica, m E. inm 264.
— Sprengeri, N. E. Brown, 263
— rotg N, E. Brown 264,
poca mp OM neers HERES RERO EE CNRC RE
Carduncellus
Baker, 217.
— HD MINE Baker,
Cars A. ake Tu ek
dried plants, 46, 63, 288.
eryptocephalus,
asus, tea cultivation i in, 58.
Ceanothus AONAN E.
Green
Ceritiinsih Peed Tu 218. .
— dhofarica, Baker, 1
Cephalanthus tod, 77.
Cereus giganteus at Kew, 155.
— Pringlei at Kew, l
Ceropegia angusta, JN. E. Brown,
261
— constricta, N. E. Brown, 260.
— distineta, N. E. Brown, 262.
medoensis, V. E. Brown, 262.
— TES N. E py in 261
— subtruncata, . E. Brown,
vente AN. E. Brown, 261.
— volubilis, M. E. Brown, 261.
Ceylon, Handbook of the Flora of,
36.
ges ere albofusea, Baker, 54.
ocki, Baker, 54.
a s pnei 81.
Chlorocodon ecornuta,
Brown, 111.
Chlorophytum tenuifoliam, Baker,
Cider apples, ti v 306.
agres
irezaster
bero rei ai enu reste
281.
— gracillim m, Rolfe, 34
— pesi S Rolfe, 34
— Rolfe, 7.
Citrus fruits i in Sici, 266.
— inodora,
21.
Cl power eeruleum, N. E. |
pU M Baker, 116.
— polycephalum, baker,
- tanga wed Baker, 11.
Cleyera Fortunei, 272.
T T
325.
Club-root, 129.
Cnicus pratensis, 47.
clogyne carinata: iol 191,
— lamellata, frolfe, 3
— Veitchii, Rolfe, 28
Coffee cultivation "a the Gold
Coast, 12, 21, 165.
—— Niger’ Coast, 164
— — in British Central ire
9),
H
-— zy bikarinn 273.
cleaning in pii 296.
—, abide tree for, à
—, Quilimane, 190.
Cole, Miss B., Somali-land dried
plants, 158, 211.
Coleus gomphophylius, Baker,
5.
— leucophyllus, Baker, 292.
—: pou Baker, 291.
estitus, Baker, 294.
Colonies and Kew, 205
Combretum mweroense, Baker,
Convolvulus Phillipsim, Baker,
— ‘spherophorus, Baker, 221.
Conway, a (Mm ram
Expedition, 20,
Conyza cylindrica, Baker, 317.
—— stenodonta, Baker, 316.
Coptosapelta flavescens, 141.
Cordia Irvingii, Baker, 113.
Crassula Colez, fue 214.
— curta, JN. E. Lies eh pra
sa oe Var. Tobe, N., E,
145.
-— aaite, N. E. Brown, 145.
MN Governor, dried plants
from Borneo, 72,-
Crinum Schimperi, 156.
Cro talaria airantines: Baker, 213.
r, 64,
Brown,
ker, 186.
. Crowther, W., death of, 121.
Cryptolepis obtusa, V. E. Brown,
Cryptophoranthus minutus, Rolfe,
-- oblongifolius, Rolfe, 5
Cyanotis somaliensis, C. B. Clarke,
| Cyathea medullaris, 203.
*
326
C xat Oliv., gen. nov., 222.
maliense, Oliv., E
Cymbosepalum, Baker,
gen. nov.,
— ni, Baker, 103.
Ühiülkehon: brevidens, Ne É.
wn,
—, var, zambesiacum, N. Æ.
Brown, 257.
— clavidens, V. E. Brown, 256.
— complexum, N. E. Brown, 256.
— formosum, N. E. Brown, 112.
— fraternum, V. E. Brown, 256.
. — hastifolium, N. E. Brown, 957.
, — vagum
, N, E. Brown, 257.
Cyperus somaliensis, C. B. Clarke,
Cypripedium Char iesu, 156.
Cyrtandra Cominsii,
TOR vir dicanu 40.
D.
eo llum (?) conglutinosum,
Hem
Date ier crees in South Aus-
tralia
Davallia pulcherrima, Baker, 53.
Decades Kewenses, 15, 23, 53, 102,
180, 315
Delpbinium Zalil, 167.
bium curviflorum, Rolfe,
xs
— inflatum, Rolfe, 6
-— mises E GS Baker, |
Dhsgubsds Africane, 63, 93, 141,
211, 247, 288.
IN. E. Brown, 151.
— purpurea, V. E. Brown, 151.
Dicoma quinquenervia, Baker,
290
Didissandra longipes, /fems/., 114.
Dioscorea HEDOROMOHON Te
iospyros acris, 77einsf., 136.
Dipeadi oceide entale, Baker, 119.
— 5
20.
— + Pepper Plantsin | Mysor ejl €
— — Sugar-eane,
Distribution of Kew seeds, 319.
Dolichos lupinoides, Baker, 66. —
-— platypus, Baker, 289.
= pteropus, Baker, 66.
— xiphophyllus, Baker, 66.
Dombeya arabica, Baker, 315.
— pulchra, NV. Æ. Pri 142.
Donn’s Hortus Cantabrigiensis,
205
5.
` Drakensberg dried plants, 23.
Duvalia dentata, V. E. Brown,269.
Dye-root, 230.
Dye yam, 230.
E.
Echidnopsis nubica, N. E. Brown,
263.
Dit eta um nt Kew,
Editheolea, N. p Brown, gen.
— grandis, "N. E. Brown, 220.
Emilia integrifolia, "ES 69.
Employés, pay of, 2
Episcia densa, H E 17.
Errata, 322
| Erica b: wbertona, Galpin, 148.
Felicia
1
Eulo ophia de esis ieo
mc ses clibadioides, Baker,
10€
Euphorbia oblongicaulis, Baker,
185. "
Euryops pedenculatus, N. Æ.
Brown, M7.
Evans, M. S., Drakensberg dried
23.
TS
F.
Fadogia triphylla, Baker, 6
Fagonia neinna T.
Farmer, J. B., Perim dried plants,
45.
Farsetia longisiyla, Baker, 211.
inearis, N, E. Brown,
4 ae oe
. Ferns and Fern Allies, Hand-list
MM S M
327
Ferula allfacea, 204.
ks 7
— Narthex, 57.
Fiji dried ede 20.
Finger-and-toe, 129.
Flora of Caplin: —— of, 236.
Mount Kinibalu.
— — Somali-land, 158
— — the Solomon Islands, 132,
159
Florida; cultural industries in,
166.
—, destructive frost in, 125.
—, ; dried plants, 79.
--, orange-growing in, 125, 166.
Fockea Schinzii, N Brown,
259.
— undulata, V. Æ. Brown, 260.
Feetidia clusioides, on? 104.
Forestry in Nat
Fossil plants of the oe a on
123.
Frog, West Indian, at Kew, 301.
Fruit, home-grown, storing of, 31.
— room, Bunyard’s (with fig. Jy
31.
Fungus-flora; British, 234.
"E
Galium stenophyllum, Baker, 68.
Gamboge, Siam, 139.
Garcinia Hanburyi, 139.
Garden, Additions to,
19, 155,
. 5:208, 2172. |
Geranium pulchrum, N. E. Brown,
Gerbera a parv . E. Brown, 27.
Gladiolus pia. Baker, 74.
ecti
gu edule, N. E. Brown, 183.
Gold Coast Botanic Station, 11,
— —, "Cacao cultivation, 13, 22.
—, Coffee cultivation, 19, 21.
——, * cultural industries at, 165.
rantia senecionoides, Baker, 317,
hdi, tropical fodder, 209.
Gray, John, death of, 39.
Green glass in plant houses, 43.
Greenhouse coe ee "Kew
system of, 300.
Guide to Museum No. ^ 203.
— tragacanth
Gymnopentzia pilifera, N. E.
TPS 26
Hi
| Habenaria Phillipsii, Rolfe, 22
Homanthus somaliensis, Bui;
227.
Han cock, W., Yunnan dried
plants, 45, 53.
Hand- list of Ferns and Fern
` Allies, 199.
— — = Pues Plants, 232.
— — — Trees and Shrubs, 40.
Hay-grass, 210.
Hedycarya solomonensis, Hemsl.,
po s album, JN. £. —
24.
= confertum, N.-E. Brown, 25.
— fulvum, Ne E. Brown, 1465)
Henry, J. M., 318
Heptapleurum venulosu
Herbaceous plants, bendi of,
232
Herbarium, comm to, 20,
46, 78, 79, 125, 157, ts
159, SAY 272, 273.
vtm grandifolia, IN I
Bro
— naval N-E. Me 24.
l ee ch
Hibiscus sepa Baker, 212.
Himalayan Rubi, 123.
Hirsch, Dr. L., Hadramaut dried
plants, 315.
Hirschia, Baker, gen. nov., 317.
— anthemidifolia, E 317 7.
Holarrhena africana, 2
| Hong Kong, typhoon in, 46.
Ho odia
parviflora, JV. E. Brown,
| Hooker's Icones: Plantarum, 19,
122, 199,3
19.
Hortus Cantabrigiensis, Donn’s,
205,
328
Hortus Fluminensis, 273
Huernia arabica, W. E. Brown, |
..268
— ditnilis ]B, WV. E. n 265.
Humphries, C. H.,
, R, ZR dried
plants, 15
Hyoscyamus Blicoidus, Wright,
184.
pz
figs roof Ru |
a, 322,
k
— gom jhophylla, Baker, 64.
ewensis, 300.
ical survey of, 56.
57.
» Baker, 65
International oic A Con-
35.
gress,
Tonidium durum, Baker, 18
M a lan repi ki Baker 228.
poh poiso
a
-— pharbitiformis, Baker, 291,
—- punctata, Baker, 184
—re les Baker, 113.
_-— tanganyikensis, Baker, 70.
Tre rubber t e, 242.
* Ixianthes a io, 122.
J.
— Castleton Gardens, 79.
— Kirkii, ee v
— longipes, Baker.
— microphyllum; "Daher, 2
ES oo Resse aerial see Ther, em
Jasminum octocuspe, Biden L1
scarpum, Baker, 95.
— primulinum, Hemsl., 109.
— Smnithii, Baker, 93,
— somaliense, Baker, 218.
— stenodon, Baker. „94.
— ternifolium, Baher, 95.
— Walleri, Baker, 29,
elwitsehii, Bak 4,
Jatropha palmatifida, ge g7.
Juan Fernandez plants, seeds of,
sont
indal-wood, 204.
Juania Fosse 203.
uw E ts
| Kalanchoë pilosa, Baker, 289.
| — somaliensis, D 2
nsis,
^
i.
Karakoram Expedition, scientifie
reports of, 20.
Kew and ihe Colonies, 205.
—, Cacti, large at
a 55.
- —, Cyathea medullaris at, =.
—, distribution of seeds, 3
—, donations of books to, e 156.
203.
—, hand-list of Ferns and Fern |
Allie: DA at, 199.
ler rbaceous
E pe ina.
Plants
das and éibrube
grown
—, injury dr dabas: 235.
—, Internatio je Geographieal
Congress,
|— Lake, eiie of, 303.
Sere
—, large w Pines, veniaval of,
319.
—,list of seeds available for ex-
change, Appendix
—, en ace Meadow,
m House, renewal of heat-
— system of greenhouse con-
struction, 300. '
=+ iesu T extension
—; visitors in 1894, 18.
—. — Septe iiber, e9 7E.
= weather i in September, PTh
Wost nc tie s Brie t ee
Khaya senegalensis,
MI. africana m plate),
ket Dr.
plants, 78.
Kniphofia 1 o Baker, 152.
— Northi
Kniphof’s Botanic ea in Originali,
seu Herbarium Vivum, 1758-
G., Malayan dried
Kola- nut at Gold C: vast, en
Koorders’ Malayan plants, 20
Kyllinga mierostyla, C. B. Clarke;
229.
L.
Sere holophylla, Baker, 148.
Baker, VT. :
—- DEE aa a l Baker; :
Lake ‘Tanganyika dried As 46,
988.
—, pictures of the Kew, 303.
Lantana concinna, Baker, 223.
mons, essence of, 269.
— paueijuga, Baker, po^
«= th moides, Baker.
Lepistemon leiocalyx, Suapf; 113.
ue collee, 273.
t the Gold Coast, 12, 21.
— : in London, 296.
Library, additions to, 46, 156, 157,
resented to, 46, 156.
ments, &¢., Appendix I
— — seeds of hardy herbaceous
A - of trees and shrubs,
Appen
Lonicera ‘Alberti , 40.
Loranthus mweroensis, Baker,
292.
Lort Phillips; Mrs, Somali-land
| — densi
dis ie.
-— longipes, Baker
EU lia, A
Lyperia BER. Gal pin, 15h.
Lysimachia. grandifolia, Hemsl.,
107.
M.
Macaranga porteana, 122.
Mahogany, West African, 49.
Malayan dried plants, 20, 78.
Manila emis plants, 208.
Maple su
Mar garetta distineta, N. E. Brown,
— orbicularls, N. E. Brown, 256.
Mariscus somaliensis, C. D.Clarke,
999.
M ar sdenia angolensis, IW. din
ip
i gis sofas N. EK. ine 258.
Pa sharon yah utilis,
Maxillaria mopreana, Rolfe, 36.
— parva, Rolfe, 199.
-—- sanguinea, Ro
ij;
u^ wu x di, „Miluji ‘Hills dried
Mega E mse imam,
fe,
Melon, Sarda; 32
Memecylon adus Baker,
105.
| EC N. E. Brown,
gen. no
—- cernu V E Brow wn, 249.
Sficrostylis Lame, i Eu
Mikania Carteri, Baker
Milanji i Hills, dried chia" ‘from,
158.
Millettia gracillima, Hemsl., 134.
ee capitata, m 149.
lora, Baker, 1
N. E. Brinon, 107.
— marginata, N. "T. firn L08. `
N. E. Brown, 1
— pach yelada, Baker, 149.
Miscellaneous notes, 18, 39, 75,
120, 155, 198, 231, 271, 299,318,
fone en mE Baker, : 215.
Moo AE
55.
Modk ventr cosa, Baker, 73.
-Mormodes rolfeanum, 299.
\
Mostuea fuchsizfolia, vend 96.
— orientalis, Baker,
— Walleri, Baker, 96.
Moth-borer, 82.
Mount iren flora of, 42.
Mueuna erecta, Baker, 65.
Musa Hilii, y?
— textilis, 20 08.
Museum, 'additions to, 236, 272,
302.
—, m TA objects for, 302.
— No. IT., Guide to, 203.
Müunitida pilosa, Baker, 105.
Mysore, disease of pepper plants
in, 178.
n LN
Natal dried pee 23, 158. Í
_ —, forestr
En. t planta, 205.
Neme lbiflora, N:
E. Brown, .
(Cu
Nepenthes Smiles, Bestia 116.
ic virgata, JV.
Newwiedia Griffithii, 198.
Newfoundland dried plants, 125.
arden Broos of. ...1894,
Appendix
— orchids, 5, 33, 191, 281.
Niger Coast (eno Botanie
Station :
North Mexican dried plants, 125.
Notizblatt des Kóniglichen botani-
schen Gartens. und Museums,
Berlin, 77.
Notylia brevis, Rolfe, 194.
O.
1 Ochna floribunda, Baker, 989.
un, Baker, 224..
Oldenlandia macrodonta, Baker,
67.
--- rotata, Baker, 216.
. Oncidium panduratum, Rolfe, 9.
Eon Rowlandi, Baker,
c Ophiopogon clavatus, ame.
oh
E. Brown,
Opuntia arborescens g Kow, 156.
— arbuscula at Kew
ulgida at Kew, 1:
pu i ien in Tinie 125,
166
— — — Jamaica, 125.
Oranges in Sicily, 266.
Orchids, new, 5, 38, 191, 281.
—, “spot” diseas
Ornithogalum diphyllum, “Baker,
153.
— sor didum, Baker, 228.
Orthezia insignis, 162.
Orthosiphon calaminthoides, aln j
225.
-— Cameroni, Baker, 12.
— comosum, wis er, 184.
molle, Baer, 225.
Othonna disticha, AN ol.
Brown,
Oxalis oligotricha, Baker, 64.
— sees ta Baker, 63.
Oxymitra macrantha, Hemsl., 132.
E.
: Mee e dus angulatus, 47.
8, 47.
— tuberosu
Pali Meadow, 75.
Palm How newal of heating
apparatus s, 42.
Pandanus o dortitemm ud; 320.
— reflexus, 319.
Paradisia minor, Wright, 118.
Paronychia somaliensis, T
Pasteur, M., funeral of, 299.
Pavetta disarticulata, Gases,
145. .
Pay. of employés, 234.
Pelargonium dispar, Nuk. Brown,
44.
Pelexia saccata, Rolfe, 195.
Pella lomurioides Baker, 229.
Pentas confertifo i, Baker; 67.
— pauciflora, à 215.
— speciosa, 67.
Pr anaes malaccensis -m ;
381
Pepper plants, disease of, 178.
Peraphyllum ramosissimum, 156.
Pergularia afrieana, N. E. Brown,
259
Perim dried e 45.
Persian Zalil, 167.
Petro xim ' grandiflora, Hemsl.,
Phillips, Rolfe, gen. noy., 223.
— fruticulosa, Rol,
Pilsonags Expedition, botany of,
20.
Fiper nigrum, disease of, 178.
— ovatum, 237.
Piperovatine, 237
Pithecolobium polyce phalum, :
Pyenostachys parvifolius, Baker
-— verticillatus, og Te
BL crategifolia,
rattii, Heinsl., 16.
| EE pridem 232.
Plantains, cultivation of, in British |
Guiana
Plasmodiophora Brassice (with
g.
Piatykeleba, N. E. Brown, gen.
nov a
— insign N. E. Brown, 250.
Plectranthus betonicafolius, Baker,
7
— itiodegtus. Baker, 72.
— pinia Baker, 292.
ulis, Baker, 73.
Pleurothallis parva, Rolfe, 33.
— rotundifolia, Rolfe, 191.
— Sea plis, 32.
Pluchea laxas Baker , 182.
— mollis, Baker, 182.
Polygala dhofarica, Baker, 181.
— Galpi "n 299.
rodueta, V. E, Brown, 142.
— apnd sis, Baker, 211.
Polypodium apicidens, Baker, 54.
— arenarium, Baker, 56.
=- dissitifolium, Baker, 54.
siaca,
— —; mb
ursery,
Printzia laxa, N. E. Brown, 26.
Pritzel’s Iconum Botaniearum In-
dex, supplement to, 124.
Prochynanthes bulliana, 232.
Pulicaria Aylmeri, Baker, 216.
u 89871
Q.
Queensland Cherry, 272.
R.
306. | Rafia from West Afri s 88, 287.
—-, preparation of,
Raphia Geertneri, 0.
— Hookeri, 90.
— longiflora, 90.
eum A wm
— vin
-W Andi, 90.
Raphionaeme angolensis, N. Æ.
rown, 2
— grandiflora, Nek: “tame FH.
— longifolia . Brown, 110.
— scandens, N. E. men, 11.
Rhamnus E TE Baker. 316.
EC I form
vieni
— Han oci Hemsl, 107.
Rhus Coriaria 293.
— flexicaulis, Baker, 31
myriantha, B
| Riocreuxia profusa, NV. E. Brown,
| 260.
| Rosa Lucie, 300.
| — wichur
on Experimental
uraiana, 300.
TE export from Gold Coast,
a industry, new, at Lagos, 241.
— tree 41.
Rubus Maras, 123.
— ellipticus, 123.
rme nosepalum, 2
geri M T Mr. Scott-
Elliot’s, 77.
b
x
332
Saccolabium hainanense, Rolfe,
28
Saintpaulia ionantha, 122.
Salix alba, 239.
Sandal-wood, Juan Fernandez,204,
Santalum Erain
Sararanga sinuosa, 159, 273.
Sarcanthus Auriculatus, Rolfe, 9
Sarda melon, 321.
Sseldéhilus carinatus, Rolfe, 284.
E omg connatum, JV. £.
Brou
— cling, N. E. Br own, 149.
— firmum, N; E. Brown, 252.
m, N. E, Brown, 252,
— per imi N, E. Brown, 253.
—- quadridens, N. E. Brown, 252.
— shirens . Brown, 253.
Sehizostephanus somaliensfs, N, E.
Bro
Mchireber& Buchanani, Baker, 95.
Scott- a G. F., Ruwenzori
Expedition, 77.
Séitellarta maittoi, Baker, 292.
Sebæa Evansii, N. E. Br own, 27.
Secamone gracilis, V. E. Brown,
248.
—
— Kirkii, a E. D 248.
— retusa, N. E. Brown, 2
Select Testratfoplodl | Plants, 303.
Senecio aretiifolius, Baker, 106.
— basipinnatus, asm 217.
— Evansi, . Brown, 147.
— cm Bohn "aT.
.— Hualta
139.
Sicily, c rus fruits in, 266.
Sisal hemp in South Australia, 101.
Smilax flaccida, Wright, 11
— megalantha, Wright, 11
Wrig
es F. H., o of, 198.
—, Sak ried plants, 38.
SBneeze-wood, 4
| Solomon
159.
! — lucens,
Islands, flora of, 132,
Somali-land, flora of, 158, 211.
Sour-grass,
South Africa, Botanic Gardens in,
— Austin Date cultivation in,
— — ro ae cultivation in,
99.
Spiræa bracteata, 232.
Stapelia vaga, N. . Brown, 265.
Staphylea holoearpa, Hemsl., 15.
Statice xipholepis, Baker, 2
ki:
megacarpus,
4 i
Stephen, J. Horne, 231.
Sternbergia fischeriana, 299.
Stink-wood, 3.
Stipa sibirica, 58.
Strychnos alnifolia, n, 150.
—. er, 98.
— chrysocarpa, Baker, 98.
— cocculoides, Baker, 98.
— loandensis, Baker, 97.
aker,
— Moloneyi, Baker, 97.
— microcarpa, Baker, 97.
—- subseandens, Beker, 96.
—- triclisioides, Baker, 93.
— Vogelii, Baker, 96.
— Wakefieldi, Baker, 98.
Sugar-cane cultivation in British
Zentral ang 190.
— -—- disease in Barbados, Report
of the Commission, 81.
— maple, 1
Sumaeh, 293.
T
Tabernxmontana anguinea, Hemsl.,
Tabernanthe Iboga (with plate),
Tacazzia conferta, N. E. Brown,
|- ye : SENSOR
833
Tacazzia Kirkii, IN. E. Br d E
— nigritana Brown, 248.
Tachiadenus jonika, Baker,
70.
Talauma Hodgsoni, 40,
Tea cultivation in the Caucasus,
5
— -gro wing, pronpevison in British
Central Africa, 190.
— su ed Vaso Arctos-
taphylos,
Tem mperate Home, south wing of,
235.
hrosi ia geminiflora, Baker, 316.
Terminalia iden. Stapf, 108.
predi nummularifolium,
85
Yhekitsoenià Hir schii, Schwf., 315.
Thomson, Dr. Thomas, portrait of,
236.
—, J. W., death cf, 120.
Tibouchina meiodon, Stapf, 104.
Tobacco cultivation in British Cen-
tral Africa, 1f
Trees and shrubs grown in Arbore-
tum, hand-list o
Trias M Rolfe, 282
Trichocaulon officinale, N. E.
Brown, 264.
Trichéclasliie grandiflorus, 156.
Trichodesma africanum, Baker,
184,
= stenosepalum, Baker, 221.
Tropical fodder grasses, 209.
Tulipa violacea, 299.
Turræa lycioides, Baker, 212.
Ty lophora cameroonica, JV. E.
i, own, i
— conspicua, N. E. Brown, 2 58.
— oblonga, N. E. Brown, 257.
— oculata, JN. E. Brit; 112.
— stenoloba, N. E. Brown, 257. .
Typhoon in Hong Kong, 46.
V:
Vaccinium Arctostaphylos as a tea
substitute, 61.
-— erythrocarpum, 150.
Valeriana capensis, Thunb., var.
y4V.
lanceolata rown, 146.
Vanilla appendiculata, Rolfe, 178.
— Gardneri : m lfe, 1
— odorata
— isis dd 176.
— planifolia, 175.
mpona, 176.
Vanillas of commerce, 1
Vavea megaphylia, Wright, 102.
Vegetables, cultivation of, 307.
Vellosia acuminata, Baker, 228.
Verbascum somaliense, Baker,
222.
Vernonia amplexicaulis, . aer,
— cryptocephala, Baker, 216.
~~ gomphophylla, Baker, 216.
— oocephala, Baker, 68.
— subaphylla, Baker, 290.
Visitors, number of, in September,
271.
— —
Vitex iod: nid 116.
«— thyrsiflora, Baker, 152.
yet
Vitis succulenta, Galpin, 144.
W.
Wahlenbergia pinifolia, N. Æ.
Brown, 148.
Weldenia candida, 121.
West African ree ei 19.
— — Rafia, 88,
—— Indian frog at Kev
heat-growing in British | Cento
Africa,
White W illow, 239.
Widdringtonia Bao hry 189.
Willey, F. E.,
Wire fence, feit of, 235.
Wood, J. Medley, Natal dried
plants, 158,
334
X. $e
Xysmalobium bellum, N. Z. | Yos soni, 3
y | ard, D., Fiji dried plants, 20
teu N EH 250, d Ls
Uds ia, N. E. Tou, 5 | untied dried plants, 45, 53.
— fraternum, N. E. Brown, 252. |
— membraniferum, V. E. Brown, |
251. Z
-— reticulatum, N. E. Brown, 251. |
— rhomboideum, N. E. Brown, Zalil, 167.
51. | Zine in dried apples, 239.
— spurium, N. E. Brown, 251. „| Zomba Botanic Garden, 186.
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,
APPENDIX I.—1895.
LIST OF SEEDS OF HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS
AND OF TREES AND SHRUBS
The following is a list of seeds of Hardy Herbaceous Annual and
Perennial Plants and of Hardy Trees and Shrubs which, for the most part,
have ripened at Kew during the year 1894. These seeds are not sold
to the general publie, but are available for exchange with Colonial,
Indian, and Foreign Botanic ardens, as well as with regular corre-
spondents of Kew. o application, except from remote colonial posses-
sions, can be Salerano after the end of March.
HERBACEOUS PLANTS.
Acæna cylindrostachya, R. & P., | Aconitum Fischeri, Reichb.,
Chili. Kamtsch.
am
macrostemon, Hk. fil, N. heterophyllum, Wall., mM
Zealand. Lycoctonum, L., Eur.,
microphylla, Hk. fil., N. Zea- — var. orientale, Hé
l Napellus, L., Fur., Temp.
an
myriophylla, Ldl., Chili. sia.
ovalifolia, Ruiz & Pavon, -— var. album.
Acroglochin chenopodioides,
Sanguisorbæ, Vahl, New Zeal. Schr Himal.
sericea, Jacq., Mexico Actas M L, Northern
Acanthus iongifolius, Host, S. Eur. sphere.
Achillea Ageratum, L., Europe. Ketinclepis eed Gray, Calif.
aegyptiaca, L., Eur., etc. Actinomeris squarrosa, Nutt, N.
decolorans, Schrad., Eur. | Amer.
filipenduliua, Lam., ' Caucasus. | Adenophora liliifolia, Bess.,
ligustica, , Eur | ungary, ete.
sra h p En a | Adesmia iiio, DC., Chili.
ir „ Eur. "oe ;
rupestris, H. P. R., Tyrol. | mec us cirrhosa, Raf., Unit.
setacea, EK. fat
tomentosa, L., Eur. A donis ntivalis, L,E
umbellata, Sib. & Sm., A gogopon ye ‘Beauv. s
Greece.
u $4265. 1875.—11/94. Wt. 45. A
/Ethionema Baca DC.,
Thrac
palcnelleni, Boiss., Armenia.
saxatile, R.Br., S. "Eur
Agrimonia
odoraía,.
leucantha, Kansa.
Mill, Eur
Agropyrdin’! dakrak" liea.
Siberia.
glaucum, R.S., Eur.
pungens, R , Eur
— var. pycnanthum, Godr.
tenerum, Vasey, N. r
ym t3 LL. Eur.
antea, Rth
— var. malatia a (L.) |
nebulosa, Bss. R. , Eur.
Alchemilla alpina, L., Eur.
argentea, Don, Eu
M ia Ion MUI e
Aletris farinosa, L., N. Amer.
Alisma Plantago, L., Eur.
Allium Dio E m Eur.
angulosum, L., Sibe
atropurpureuin, W. are K.,
Hungar
Babingtoni, Bor., Eur.
Deuerianam, Baker, Orient.
earinatum, L.,
Cydni, S. & T iE Sicily
meti ue dis esci
flavum
E
giganteum, Regel; Siber.
globosum, Redouté, S. E. Eur.
— var. albidum.
hymenorrhizum,
Siberia
— var. tenuifolium, €
"m Rgl., Chi
Ledeb.,
karataviense, Rel, Türkosiani.
ei, ] , Eur.
montanum, F. W. Schm., Eur.
nar cissiflorum, Vill., Eur.
nigrum, L.,
odorum beria.
ostrowskianum, Rgl., Asia
-Mi
polyphony, Ear. et Kir.,
Sibe:
roeicilom, Don, Eur.
roseum, -
E dus Eur.
— var, sibirieum, có
Allium—cont.
senescens, L., Eur., Sibe
stipitatum, Rel, T'urkostan.
subhirsutum, L., Eur.
urceolatum, Rel, Turkestan.
ursinum, L., Eur.
. yernale, Tin, Eu
- Victorialis,L., Eur, Siber., etc.
Alonsoa incisifolia, R. & P., Peru.
epr agrestis, L3 Eur.
geniculatus, L., Eur.
Sei Hornem., Eur.
pratensis, L., Eur.
— var. fol. variegatis.
Alstroemeria aurantiaca, Don, Chili.
smantha, R. & P., Chili
Althzea cannabina, L., Eur, var.
., Dalm
Heldreichii, "Boiss. Macedonia
lavateraeflora
pallida, W
rosea, Cav., Eut., Orient.
sulphurea, Boiss. & Hausskn.,
Persia.
& K., Ban
Alyssum argenteum, ES Eur.
ntanum, L.
dolicum, Bess., Eur., ete.
—— Lap. 2 A en.
L., Russia.
| Amaranthus Matte. Willd.,
| India
hypochondriacus, L. Amer,
~=- var. caudatus, (L.).
— var. speciosus, (Don).
retroflexus, L., Amer., ete.
Ambrosia trifida, L., N. Amer.
Amethystea coerulea, L., Siberia.
Amsinckia intermedia, F. & M.,
N.Amer. ''
Amsonia Tabernsemontana, Walt.,
IN, Amer.
Anacyclus clavatus, P., Eur.
radiatus, Loisl., Eur
a arvensis, L., Eur:, etc.
var, carnea, (Schrank).
— var. cerulea, (Schreb.)
_linifolia, L, Uae.
Anchusa italica, Retz, Eur. `
officinalis, L., Eur
Androsace filiformis, Retz, Eur.
lactiflora, Fisch., Siberia.
nana, Horn.,
Andryala sinuata; L., Eur.
Anemone albana, Stev., Orient.
ba ur.
rivularis, Büchan., ind
sylvestris, L., Eur.
Anethum graveolens, L., Eur.
Sowa, b., Ind.
Angelica. dahurica, Benth. &
Hook., Japan.
Anoda hastata, Cav., Mexico. |
Wrightii, Gray, Mexico. |
Antennaria dioica, Gertn., Eur.,
etc
— var. tomentosa.
Anthemis stnensis, Schouw., Mt.
ee bie soe S. Eur.
Ly
tinetoria,
Triumfetti, Doc] ‘Bar.
dienen. Hookeri, Colenso, N.
Tias à Lig S. Eur., N. Afr.
— var. bn B.& R.
ramosu ur.
ian odoratum, L., Eur.
uelii, & La otte, ur.
PETRER Cerefolium, Hoffm.,
ur.
sylvestris, Hoffm., Eur.
Anthyllis tetraphylla, L., S. Eur.
Vulneraria, L., Eur.
Antirrhinum Amint L., Italy.
majus,
Orontium, ds Sr
Boiss. & Reut.,
Apera interrupta, Beauy., Eur., &c.
Apium graveolens, L., Eur. |
nner e Bertolonii, Schott, Ital.
ntha, Gray, N. Amer.
flavcócelik, S. Wats., Californ.
vulgaris, L., Eur...
Arabis albida, Stev, C Caucas.
alpina, L., Eur., N. Afr.
blepharophylla, XE Na N:
Amer. `
cebennensis; DC., Eur,
uri
y ut.,
lilacina, Schrad,; N. Amer.
muralis, Bert. var. rosea,
DC.,
petrea, Crantz, Eur.
pumila, Jaeq., S. Eur.’
Soyeri, B. & R., Pyrenees.
Stelieri, a var. japonica,
stricta, "Ifa dé "Bür
Turézanihowii, Led. ., Siberia.
Archangelica officinalis, Hoffm.,
Eur
mer pt Schk., ‘Bur
ar. Ko otschyi; Hort;
you xU Gouan, Eur.
gothic. ur.
Erant Schrad. sii Eur.
ltiflora
JUI par,
o
grandiflora, AH., y de
gypsophiloides, Schreb.,
pinifolia, Bbrst., Cancas.
purpurascens, Ram., Pyren.
Argemone mexicana, L., Mexico.
Armeria latifolia, L., Eur.
i a, Willd., Eur.
vulgaris, d, E
Waitaki” Boiss., Spain.
Arnica wes wee Nutt, N.
rival Ë, Hurj-
Arrhenatherum avenacetim, Beauv.,
Eur.
rupestre,
Spain
tortuosum, Bose, Eur.
l Artemisia annua L5 S. E. Eur.
, b
A 2
Arum m Mill, Eur.
maculatum, L., Eur
Asparagus officinalis, L., Eur.
Asperula azurea, Jaub. & Spach,
ia.
yr
galioides, Bbrst., Eur.
tinctoria, L., Eur
Asphodelus ciet Willd., Eur.
fistulosus, L., Eur.
Asprella hystrix, Willd., N. Amer.
Michx., N.
Aster acuminatus,
Amer.
alpinus, L., Eur.
Amellus, L., Eur.
pateret Ait., N. ioe
Curtisii,
di plostephioides, Wall, Himal.
Am
tricephalus, C. B. Clarke,
Himal,
umbellatus, Mill., N. Amer.
Vahlii, Hook. & Arn., Falk.
Isles.
Astragalus egyptiacus,Spr., Egypt.
alpinus, L., mer.
boeti — Lj Spain, Italy, etc.
chinens AE . Chin
chlorostachys, Ldl., Himal.
Cicer, L., Eur.
dasy rii Fisch., Siber.
frigidus, Gr. er.
glycyphyllus, L., Eur.
scorpioides, Pourr., Spain.
axes € F. & M.,
holleborifolia Yom Caucas.
major,
— var. cainthines, (Hoppe).
minor, L., Eur
Athamanta cretensis, L., Eur.
sicula, L., Eur.
Atriplex Babingtonii, Woods, Eur.
hortensis, L., N. Asia.
— var. rubra, Hort.
sibiriea, L., Siberia.
c ver ao ls Eur.
Ben sie
Aubrietia deltoidea, DC., S. Eur.
— var. grseca, (Griseb.).
— var. grandiflora
— var. Leichtlinii, Hort.
var. Richardi, Hort,
erubescens, Griseb., Greece.
gracilis, Sprun.,
Avena brevis, Rth., Eur
distichophylla, Vill, Eur.
dibe
tiv
preteen Bobis. Eur.
Baeria gracilis, Gray, W. Calif.
platycarpha, Gray, Calif.
Bahia lanata, DC., N. Amer.
Baptisia australis, R. Br., N. Amer.
Barbarea intermedia, a 3 Eur.
Beckmannia eruceformis, Host,
ay ULC.
— var. uniflorus, Serib., N.
Amer.
Beta trigyna, W. & K., E. Eur
vulgaris, L., Eur., Ahe, ate.
Bidens humilis, H. B. K., Ch ili.
leucantha, Willd. „N. Amer.,
ete.
Biscutella ciliata, EA S. Eur.
didyma, L., S. TE
—. var. apu ula, L
erigerifolia, DC. y iae
Blumenbachia insignis, Schrad.,
Monte Video.
Bocconia cordata, W., China.
Boissiera Danthoniae, A. Br., S.
Eur.
L’Her., N.
Boltonia asteroides,
Amer.
incisa, Benth., Siber.
Bonaveria Securidaca, Rch., Eur.
Borago laxiflora, DC., Corsica.
Boykinia major, Gray, N. Amer.
Brachyactis robusta, Benth., Himal.
Brachycome iberidifolia, Benth.,
Australia.
Brachypodium distachyum, R. &
Sy Medit.
S echas E Sam
ampestris, L.,
— var Sema Cabbage.
(B. chinensis, L.)
Eruca, L., ur.
Erucastrum, Vill., S. Eur.
3 N. Ind.
oleracea, L.,
Pollichii, Shuttl:
rugosa, Roxb., Thibet
Tournefortii, 'Gouan, Spain,
ete.
Briza geniculata, Thunb., Cape.
maxima, L., Eur
media, Ls Eur.
Brodiza canes
N.
*
Sm.,
grandiflora, Sm., Br. rM
peduncularis, Wats.,
uniflora, Bth., Buenos Ay; res.
Bromus adcensis, Hochst.
ersteinii, R. & S.,
aucas,
breviaristatus, Thurb., N.
mer.
ciliatus, Huds., Eur.
mollis, L., Eur., etc.
propendens Jord., Eur.
pm Eur.
Browallia demissa, L., Peru.
Bryonia dioica, L., Eur.
Bulbine annua, Willd., Cape.
Pup speciosum, Schreb.,
Eur
T— Candollei, Wall, Himal.
undifolium, L., Eur
patente anie zx, Kar.
Calamia e pigeios, Rth., Eur.
a, PB,
Toe dp, Bth.,
ur.
grandiflora, Lam., S. Eur.
officinalis, Moench, var. um-
brosa, Rchb., Eur
patavina, Host, Eur.
|
Calandrinia glauca, Schrad., Chili.
Menziesii, Torr. & Gra
. Amer.
pilosiuseula, DC., Chili.
umbellata, DC., Chili.
Calceolaria mexicana, Benth.,
Mexico.
Calendula hybrida, L., S. Eur.
officinalis, L.
, L., S. Eur
suffruticosa, Vahl, Spade
Callipeltis cuccularia, - Stev.,
Orient.
Callirhóe involucrata, Gray, N.
Amer.
Callistephus chinensis, Nees,
China.
Caltha ems L., Eur., ete.
— m
ee ETE Iul, NM.
Amer.
Fraseri, Torr., N. Amer.
Camelina sativa, Crantz, Wur., etc.
Campanula alliaricefolia, Willd.,
bonónioualt L., Eur
carpathi a L. fil. , Carpath.
Var.
— var. turin, ( pag
collina, Bbrst.,
drabifolia, S. & ks,
— var. à bi.
Erinus, ges
excisa, Schl. n eid.
glomerata, L., Eur., ete
— var. dahurica.
lactifiora, Bbrst., Caucas.
latifoli E
— va a, (Fisch. Ji
— var. versicolor ib. & Sm.).
latiloba, DC j
Medium, L.,
persicifolia, L, der, etc.
var. alba
primuleefolia, p Portugal.
pyramidalis, L., ue
ramosissima, S. & S., Dalm.
rapunculoides, L. Eur.
reuteriana, Boi 5, Ask Minor.
rhomboidalis, L., Eur
rotundifolia, L., Eu
Scheuchzeri, Vill, Eur.
we a
sibirica, L., Eur., Asia.
thyrsoides, L., Eur.
Trachelium, L., Eur.
Cannabis sativa, L.
eae a doge L. Greece.
impatiens, L., Eur.
Carduus crispus, i. Eur.
orthocephalus, Wally. x
stenolepis, (K. & K. dá Riber.
tenuiflorus, Curt.,
Carex adusta, Boot., N. x
Bux umii, Whinb., Eur.
depauperata, Good., Eur.
juu sias Whinb., Eur.
Cauc
lagopodioides, Schk, N. Amer.
Carpoceras sibiricum, Boiss., Siber.
Carrichtera Vella, DC., Eur.
gramme lanatus, L. S. Eur.
nctorius, L. Eur.
dud Carvi, L., Eur
copticum, Benth., Eur, N.
A
rigidulum, ‘Kobe: Italy.
Catananche cerulea, L., Eur.
lutea, L., Italy, etc.
Catheartia villosa, Hk. f., Himal.
Caucalis daucoides, L., Eur.
Cenehrus tribuloides, L., N. Amer.
Cenia turbinata, Pers., Cape.
Centaurea alba, L., var. deusta,
Ten., S. Eur.
atropurpurea, W, & K., Hun-
gary.
axillaris, Willd, Eur. .
-. Crocodylium, ix, Orient.
Cyanus, L., Eur.
cynaroides. (Less.),- Pyrenees.
Willd., a,
Ee ag
gym mre Mor,, Eur.
n pe Eur.
melitensis, L., Eur
nigrescens, Willd. „Eur:
va r. vochinensis, Brh.
rà, Eus Eur,
chra, F. & M., Caucas
Scabiosa, ur.
— var. olivieriana, (DC.)
sonchifolia, L., Medi
| Centranthus ruber, DC.,
| Cephalaria alpina, Schrad., Eur.
tatarica; Sehrad., Si beri ia.
transsylvaniea, R.S. , Transyl.
Cerastiume x a F.& M,
Orie
frigidum, Bbrst., Caucas.
| perfoliatum, L5 Spain.
Ceratochloa unioloides, DC., S.
Cerinthe alpina, Kit., Eur.
aspera, Bth., Eur
maculata, Bbrst., var. aurieu-
lata, Ten., Kur
| Cherophyllum aromaticum, Jacq.,
S. Eur
aureum, i" Eur.
Charieis n ARIS Cass., Cape.
— var. rA
| C majus, L., Eur.
| var. fl. pl.
— var. laciniatum.
eae Lots, Pursh, N. Amer.
ougl., pen
óbliquá EE N. Am
Chenopodium ; album, P $e
ides, L., Eur
or Hort. Berlin.
Atriplicis, L., China.
Bonus-Henricus, L., Eur.
Botrys,
ca itatum, ' Wats., Eur.
graveolens, Willd., Mexico.
opulifolium, Schrad., Eur
virgatu = Bent h. & Hook.,
8. Eur
Chloris submutica, H. B., Mexico.
Chlorogalim pomeridianum, Ldl.,
! orig ta DC. Cauc., ete.
Chrysanthemum Balsamita, | L.,
carinatum, aouh, N: Afr.
— var. cine
caria. “Stoud.,
cinerarizfolium,
matia.
ucas.
Vis. zi
coronarium, L., S. Eur.
Í
j
|
| Cnicus—e
i "brat; , Eur. Cauce.
syriacus, Willd.,
. Cochlearia danica, nok Norway,
| Eur
Dal- |
glastifolia, L., S.
officinalis, L., War.
| Codonopsis ovata, Benth., Himal.
| Colchicum speciosum, Stev., Cau-
; cas.
| Oollinsia bar nili Benth., Calif.
| bicolor r lif.
macro phyllum, W. E K., Bur.
multicaule, Desf., Afr,
sb Pers., Eur.
segetum, L., Eur
delibera, Dut, Eur
viscosum, Desf., eem
Cicer arietinum, L., Eur.
ERE Rant E! Orient.
tybus, L.,
dini foetida, L., Eur.
var. intermedia.
racemosa, Nutt., N. Amer.
Cladium Mariscus, Br., Eur.
Clarkia elegans, Lin dl., Calif.
pulchella, Pursh, N. Amer.
— var alte
Claytonia gie cae: Don, N.
Am
sibirica; X N. Amer.
Clematis dort vas ro: i; T aa
sae N. A
sa owe
Cleome — E B., Cartha- |
gen
videns. L., Eur.
Jlypeola dn Delil, Eur.
Cnicus atonal Willd., N. Amer.
arachno deus, Wall, Himal.
lanceolatus, Willd., Eur
ligulare, Boiss., Orient.
monspessulanus, L., Eur.
ochroleucus. Willa, Eur.
oleraceus,
SI nth.,
m var. ulticolo
filicifidie, ABl /N. Amer.
| Collomia coccinea, eee Chili.
, Benth.
grandiflora, Dougl., : Calif.
linearis, Nutt., Calif.
Hasskarlii, .
Commelina Clarke,
Ind. or
| Conium maculatum, L., Eur.
| Conioselium Fischeri; W.G., Siber.
Conringia perfoliata, Link, Eur.
Convallaria ama: L. snis Amer.
Convoliiilüs tricolor, t: Medit.
didalates, Cav., Medit.
Coreopsis: atkinsoniana, Dgl.,
One
nuriculata E; N. Amer.
nata, Bots E. Texas.
G. Teves.
grandiflora, Nutt., ae Amer.
maritima, Hook., Calif
neeolata, L., N: din
&inetoris Nutt.,
— var. atrosanguinea:
Coriandrum sativum, L., Eur., ete.
Corispermum hyssopifolium, L.,
S me eS
Coronilla vaginalis, Lam., Ear.
vari Eur.
Cortusa Matthioli, zd Eur.
— var. grandiflo
Corydalis capnoides, ibi Eur.
glauca, Pursh, United States,
nobilis, Pers., Biber:
Corynephorus canescens, Beauv.,
Eur.
Cosmos bipinnatus, Cav., Mexico.
Cotula coronopifolia, L., Eur.
Crambe PANDA, Tj, Sa
Turkest
Crepis Candle Spr., Eur.
grandiflora, Tausch, Eur.
hyoseridifolia, Tausch, Eur.
pulchra, ur
rs
tectorum, L. fl, Eur., Siberia.
Crocus Be ota Heuffel, Tran-
sylvan
biflorus, Mill, Tuscany.
medius, Balbis, crib
nudiflorus,
pulchellus, Herb., trace
us, L., Cult.
var. e rr ce Herb.
Sieberi , Gay, Greece, etc.
speciosus, Bbrst., Dri og OCG,
suaveolens, Bert., Italy.
tommasinianus,
zonatus, Gay, Cilicia.
srucianella egyptiaca, L., Egypt.
Cryptostemma calendulaceum,
R.Br., Cape
Cucubalus bacciferus, L., Eur.
Cuminum Cyminum, L. Egypt.
Cuphea sag a Ait., i
pinetorum, Benth., ico.
TERN dern , Jacq., rem
Zimapani, Roezl, Mexico.
Cuscuta Epilinum, Weihe, Eur.
Cynodon Dactylon, Pers., Eur.
Cynoglossum Venter L., Eur.
pictum, Ait., Eur
— eristatus, t, Eur.
natus, L., S. Eur
ues Liliastrum, dim. S.
. Eur.
-Dactylis glomerata, L., Eur., ete.
|
Herb., Dal. |
Dahlia coccinea, Cav., Mexico.
scapigera, L. & O., Mexico.
variabilis, Desf, Mexico.
Datura levis, L. fiL, Africa.
Stram
— var. gigantea,
Daucus Carota, L., Eur., etc.
Delphinium Ajacis, Reichb., S.
Eur.
branonianum, Royle, Himal.
cardiopetalum, DC., Eur
cas
€ Schrad., Cauc.
r. turkestanicum.
dictyonarputn: DC., Siberia.
formosum,
act reed T, China, etc.
maackianum, Regel, Asia
Minor.
orientale, Gay, Eur., Orient.
Staphisagria, L., Eur.
trolliifolium, Gray, Amer.
vestitum, Wall., Himal.
Deschampsia cæspitosa, Beauv.,
Zur.
flexuosa, Trin., Eur.
Desmazeria sicula, Dmrt., Eur.
Dianthus arenarius, L., Eur.
'aryophylius, ys Eur.
cesius, Sm.,
fragrans, Blrsc. pe
intermedius, oi iss., var. am-
iguus, Pa anc., Servia.
longicaulis, Ten., Italy.
monsspesulanus, L., n
Mussinii, Hornm
dias" Heufll., Tfisyl.
petreus, W. & K E. Eur.
plumarius, L., Eur.
prolifer, L., Eur
pubescens, S. S., S. Eur.
pulchellus, Pers., Eur.
equienii, G. & G, S. Eur.
Nri La Eur.
Dianthus— cor
cient | Bbrst., Russia.
tener, Balb., Eur
tymphresteus, H. S., Greece.
Dictamnus albus, L., W. Eur., Jap.
— var. purpureus.
Digitalis ferruginea, L., Eur.
grandiflora, Lam., Eur.
lutea, L., Eur.
media, Roth, (ambigua x
lutea.
orientalis, eme Thrace.
purpurea, L., Eur.
Eleusine coracana, Pers., Ind. Or.
oligostachya, Link, ‘Brazil.
Elsholtzia cristata, Wiild., S. Eur.
Elymus canadensis, L., N. Amer.
— var. glaucifolius, Gray.
sibirieus, L., Siber.
virginicus, L., N. Amer.
Emex spinosa, Camb., S. Eur.
Eneelia subaristata, Gray, N.
Amer.
Jacq., Eur.
Epilobium alpestre,
alsi , Vill, Ew
nefolium
— var. alba, Hort.
Dimorphotheca annua, Less., Cape.
Dioscorea pe Bub. & Bord.,
Pyr
Dipeadi s em Medic., S. Eur.,
Par velitis DC., Eur.
Dipsacus asper, Wall., Himal.
Fullonum, Ju.
laciniatus, L., Eur.
sylvestris, L., Eur.
Dodecatheon Meadia, L., N. Amer.
— var. macrocarpum, Gray.
Doryenium herbaceum, Vill., Eur.
€ d L., Eur.
Michx., N. Amer.
tug
s, DC., Isl. of St. Paul.
bitum H , Eur.
frigida, Saut., Alps, Eur.
incana, L., Eu ur.
— var. Thom
Kotschyi, Stur, Transyl
lactea, Ad., m
i Reich
asiocarpa, yh s
Loiseleurii, cain ; Cors
stellata, Jacq., Tid
Dracocephalum argunense, Fisch.,
Siber.
Moldavica, L., s etc.
nutans, L., Sibe
parviflorum, Nats; N. Amer.
regrinum, L., Siberia.
Dryas octopetala, L., Eur., Amer.
Echinops globifer, Janka, oe
spherocephalus, L., "Eur
Echium plantagineum, L., Eur.
éngristifolium, L sni
var. album.
Billardieri, Sering., Austral.
Fleischeri, poaa , Eur
hirsutum, L., Eur
Lamyi, Schultz, S. Eur.
ene "bei Hook. m N. Zeal.
um,
| Aan a alare oi re Cunn.,
N. Zeal.
— var. longipes.
— var. pedunculare, Cunn.
parviflorum, Retz, Eur.
m, , Bur.
rosmarinifolium, Henke, Eur.
— var. sericeum.
tetragonum, L., Eur.
trigonum, Schrk., Eur.
ep dens nutans, pe Ind. Or.
; ., Eur., ete.
Eranthis hyeeeltié Sati Eur.
Eremurus altaicus, Stev., Altai.
Reg
Kaufma — el,
Turkes
Erigeron diu Regel,
Turkestan
ur. . -
—€—— € N. Amer.
aspera y-
pulehellas, Regel, Turkestan.
speciosus, DC., Calif.
strigosus, Muhl., N. Amer.
Erinus alpinus, L., Eur.
r. albus.
Eritrichium strictum, Dene., Himal.
Erodium guttatum, Willd., Spain.
hyme nodes , L? Herit., Atlas.
macradeniu um, L'Hert, Alps.
moschatum, x ode Kur.
romanum, W.,
16
Erodium-—con?. .
serotinum, Stev., Orient.
ETa L Herit.,
pain.
tmoleum, Reut., Asia Minor.
Ervum Lens, L., Eur., ete.
Eryngium gaanfeuri Bbrst.,
Caue
oliverianum, Delar., Orient.
plan
triqdetrim, Vahl, Sicily.
Erysimum aureum, Bbrst., Eur.,
Orient. . d
oryanum, Boiss; Eur. Or.
hieracifolium, L.,
marshallianum, Kaidesi) Siber.
perowskianum, Fisch. & Me ëY
Caucus.
Erythræa Centaurium, P., Kur.
Eschscholtzia californica, Cham.,
— var. be a.
— cespitosa, Brewer.
Eucharidiüm concinnum, F. & M,
Calif.
— var. grandiflorum.
Meer n ageratoides, L., N.
mer,
a L., Eur.
Euphorbia Bornmillei Haussk.,
Orie
exigua, aN Eur
flavicoma, DC, ‘Bur.
hierosolymitana, Boiss., Syria.
Myrsinites, L., Eur.
Peplis, L., Eur
slaty phgile, le Eur.
reslii, Guss,, Eur.
segetalis, L., Eur.
stricta, L., Eur.
Fagopyrum eseülentum, Moench,
Eur
Uiddeietm: Gart. Eur., &c.
Farsetia clypeata, Br., S. Eur.
Fedia Cornucopiæ, G., Eur.
Felicia fragilis, Cass., Afr.
Ferula communis, L., Eur.
ee L., Eur.
glauca, i S. Ear. eng
Festuca ampla, Hack., Bur..
capillifolia, Duf., Spain. ..
icatul
tea, Vill.
Haller, All, S. Eur.
heterophylla, Lam., Eur.
Lachenalii, Spenn., Eur
Myurus, L., Eur
Panciciana, Hack, Orient.
rigida, y
i PT "Both, as
scoparia, Kern, "Pyren.
emie Pe eid Boiss, Asia
delpbinensis, Gren., E
r. Moggridgei, (Boiss. &
p ontica, Wahl.,
ruthenica, Wiatr aii.
Funkia a Bpro Japa
— ae ata, "Hort.
Sed 4 Japan,
Mcboidiug Lodd., Japan.
Galega officinalis, L., Eur.
orientalis, Lam., Orient.
Galeopsis pyrenaica, Bartl., Pyren.
Galinsoga brachystephana; Regel,
S. Am
Eri wg Cav., Amer,
Galium boreale, L
gracile, Ledeb., Caves
Mollugo, L.,
parisiense, Ps Eur.
recurvum, Reg., Greece.
saccharatum, All., Eur.
tenuissim Bbrst., Cauc.
kien With., Eur.
li m, L., ur.
verum,
Gaudinia api PR, s. Eur.
Gaura parviflora, Dougl., N. Amer.
panied AM L., Eur.
ea, Ly S. Eur.
2 ar.
meets
"n Siber, ;
Gentiana—cont.
u
Pneumonanthe, L., Eur.
septemfida, Pall., Caucas.
tibetiea, King; Him al.
Geranium albanum, M. B., Tauria.
armenum, Boiss.; rient.
balkanum, Hort
eriostemon, ds. Caucas.
Londesii, isch, Si iber.
lucidum, lo Eur
maculatum ; Les N, Amer.
wallichia , Himal. |
Wilford, 1 Mo 5 “Manchuria.
Gerbera indi Schultz., China, |
Japan |
Geum oe Balb., Chili.
hispidum, Spain.
inclinatum, Schleich. , Eur.
macrophyllum, Willd, Siber.
montanum, ur.
pyrene Mill., Pyrenees.
vale, L., Eur
Sy 1m, Ait., N, Amer.
trifloram, Pursh, N. Amer.
tyrolense, Kern., Tyrol.
urbanum, L jur. ete.
Gilia achillenolin Bth., Calif.
sacea, b AM " Calif.
m
squarrosa, Hook. & Arn,
tricolor, Benth., Calif.
— var, alba.
Gillenia trifoliata, Moench, N.
MEM "qon
Gladiolus segetum, Gawl., S. Eur.
Glaucium. corniculatum, Curt., 5.
ur.
— var. rubrum, Hort.
Glaucium-—co:
flavum, [ var. signum,
Sm.
Glyceria maritima, Wahl, Eur.
remota, Er; Eur. < i=
Gnaphalium indicum, L., India.
luteo-album, L., Eur.
Gratiola officinalis, L., Eur.
| ar. minor. -
Gunnera scabra, R. & P., Peru, etc.
Gypsophila . cerastoides, | Don,
Himal 5 .....
paniculata, L., Siberia,
repens, "rs ur.
Rokejeka, Del., Egypt.
Hablitzia tamnoides, Bbrst.,
Caucas. '
, Hastingia alba, S. Wats., N. Amer.
Hebenstreitia comosa, Hochst.,
Jape.
dentata, Thunb., Cape.
tenuifolia, Schrad., Cape.
m — Nutt.,N. Amer.
LI D eid
Pret cit i
mierocalyx, Baker, “Himal.
E P , Altai.
obseuru
Sibthorpii, ciem S. Kur.
Helenium poland. Gray, N.
Am
Helianthemum pélitotidi; Mill.,
Eur
vulgare, Gertn., Eur.
Helianthus annuus, te N. Amer.
Helichrysum ` bracteatum, Wiild.,
stra
— var. lut
serotinum, ais S. Eur.
| Heliophila amplexicaulis, L. fil.,
| =
i
|
boides, Sims, Cape.
ritbnifeli, Willd., Cape.
mire Manglesii, Bth.,
Aus
Miler. Hort., Australia.
roseum, Benth., Australia.
12
Helleborus colchicus, ^ Regel.
cetidus, L., Eur.
— Iam, Greece.
RSS As G., Eur.
Helonias bullata, L., N. Amer.
— var. la tifolia.
Hemerocallis flava, L., S. Eur.
fulva, Eur., etc.
— var. Kwanso, Regel.
H ao Panaces, L., S. E
pubescens, Bbrst., var. api
perce Willd. . Eur.
villosum, Fisch., Russia.
Hesperis taatritális; L, Bur,
Siber. .
Heuchera cylindrica, Dougl., N.
A
mer.
Drummondi, Hort
glabra, Willd., N. Amer.
rcu -A M, N
Am
angaia Eng., N. Amer.
Hibiscus Trionum, L., Cosmopol.
Hieracium alpinum, L., Eur.
auranti
lanat & K
longifolium, Schleich., Eur
macul Sm., Eur
saxatile, Jacq., S. Eur
stoloniflorum, W. &K. E Eur.
villosum, L., Eur
virgatum, Pursh, 'N. Amer.
vulgatum, Fr., Eur.
Hierochloa borealis, R.S., N. Zeal.
Holcus lanatus, L., Eur.
€ pee n, L., e
Tt d ith,
ati m, Ki
vulgare, G; Sicily.
Horminum pyrenaicum, L., Pyren.
oy ed ——— Ts
romanas, lig s. Eur, etc
Hydrophyllum canadense, L., N.
Amer
virginicum, L., N. Amer.
Hymenophysa pubescens, Meyer,
Siber.
Hyoscyamus aureus, L., Crete.
niger, ur.
— var. nibus
Hort
| orientalis, Bbrst., Cauc.
Hypecoum esso Benth.,
Medit. Cau
procumbens, m 8. Eur.
Hypericum atomarium, Boiss.,
Greece.
elodioides, Chois., Nepal.
rfoliatum, L., Eur.
var. ‘Burseri, Sp. .. Transs.
u aeram, Fr.,
Hypochæris diui. Poir., N.
Afr.
Hyssopus officinalis, L., Eur.
Iberis amara, L.,
ascana, D ; in
pectinata, Boiss., Spain
umbellata, L., u
— var. carnea.
Eur
dulos a, Willd., Cau
grandifion, Willd, aides sete.
Helenium, L., Eur
Inula ensifolia, L.,
glandu
Iris aurea, Ldl., Himal.
ce Mu hl., N. Amer.
missouriensis, Nutt., N. Amer.
Pseudacorus, » Eur., ete,
=~ var. To Ba
Isatis tinctoria, L., Eur., ete.
Isopyrum fumarioides, L., Eur. As.
Iva xanthifolia, Nutt., Missouri.
Juncus oe L., Eur
balt s, Willd;
MEAE Bek: ae hili.
Sold tessus, Jacq., Em
effusus, L., Eur.
glaucus, Ehrh., Eur.
lamprocarpus, Ehrh., Eur.
u
tenuis, Wild., Eur.
Kochia scoparia, Schrad., Eur.
Keeleria Berythea, B. & os Syria.
ristata, Pers., Eur
phleoides, P., "Eur
Lactuca canadensis, z N. Amer.
L., N. Amer
irsuta, L., À
ludoviciana, Riddel,
Am
viris
P
Plumieri, ug p Godr., S.
undulate, Ledeb., Siberia.
Lallemantia canescens, F. & M.,
Caucas.
peltata, Fisch. & Mey.,Caucas.
Lamarckia aurea, Moench, Eur.
Lathyrus angulatus, L., S. Eur.
Aph L., Eur.
articulatus, L., W. Eur
aureus, Benth. '& E ; Taur.
.f. Eur, etc.
macrorrhizus, Wimm., Eur.
niger, Wimm. M dm:
chrus,
Mosis Geke., var. varius,
pisiformis, L., Siberia, ete.
rotundifolius, Willd., Caucas.
sativus, L. var. albus.
sphæricus, rA ut
sylvestris, L.,
— var.
tingitanus, E N. Afr.
N.
Lathyras—eont.
s, L., Eur
vex "Mull, N. Amer.
Lavatera Olbia, L., Eur.
thuringiaca, i Eur., ete,
trimestris, L., Medit.
Layia Calliglossa, Gray, Calif.
elegans, T. & G., Calif.
ORDRE Hk. Arn.,
Calif., etc.
Leontopodium alpinum, Cass., Eur.
sibirieus, L., Siber.
tataricus, L., Asia.
Lepidium calycotrichum, Kze.,Eur.
Draba, L., Eur
graminifolium, fis Eur.
incisum, Rot , Eu ur.
Menziesii, DC., N. Amer.
sativum, L., Eur
virginicum, L., N. Amer.
| Leptochloa fascicularis, Gr., N.
Amer.
Lepturus cylindricus, Trin., Eur.
Leuzea conifera, DC., Eur.
Liatris — Willd., N. o
. montana, "Gra
Libanotis montana, — Eur.
sibirica, Koch, Eur.,
Ligusticum amt Gouan,
Pyren
scoticum
, Eur
Seguieri, Kochi S. Eur.
Linaria anticaria, Boiss., Spain.
bipartita, Willd., N. Afr.
Broussonctii, Poir., Orient.
urpurea,
reticulata, Desf., N. Afr.
— var. purpurea.
Linaria—con
aida: Higg, Bur:
spartea, Ho ffm., S. Eur.
triphylla, Willd., S. Eur.
tristis, Mill., , Eur:
Lindelophia . spectabilis, | Lehm.
Himal.
Gray & |
Lindheimera texana,
Engelm., Texas.
Linum alpinum, E Eur
esha o = Eur.
rch L.,
grandiflorum, Dest, N. Afr.
coecin
poda W. & k Eur.
a ete.
usitatissimum, L., Eur.
Tithe u Michx.,
Loasa Sre Juss., Peru.
lateritia, Gill. & Hoo k., Chili
volcanica, Andr., New. Gre
eos Pind L., Cape.
a, L., Ch hili.
me perenne L,, Eur
r. italicum, (Braun).
Lonas inodora, Gertn., Sicily.
Lopezia coronata, Andr., Mexico.
Lophanthus rugosus, F. & M,
China.
Lotus corniculatus, L., Eur.
A orti, Timb
.& EK, Eur., ete.
"Totijudélbbus, L., Eur.
Lunaria annua, L., Eur.
rediviva, L., S. Eur.
Lupinus affinis, Agardh, e esu
angustifolius, L., S.E
— var. macrocarpus, Hort.
arboreus, Sims, N. Amer.
Cosentini, Guss., Greece, etc.
elegans, H. B. K, Mexico.
micranthus, D ongl., N. Amer.
14
Lupinus-—cont, |
| pu bescens, Ben th., N. Amer.
| pulchellus, Sweet, Mexico.
| Chili.
| varius, L., Eur.
| Luzula angustifolia, Poir., Carolina.
pin se D 2
a, Desv.,
| Lyonnais alba, Mill., Eur.
! alpin , bis ur.
| chalcedonica, L., E. Eur., ete.
Githa Lam, 1
elegans.
pau uciflora "Lodo, Siber.
Viscaria, L. Eur
Lysimachia ECT Maxim.,
apan
bar ystachy a, Bunge, J mm
poer e Dub., Ja
ciliata, L., mer.
davurica, OP Davuria.
ongifolia, , N. Amer,
punctata, L., Eur.
quadrifolia, Li; N. Amer,
vulgaris, L., Eur
cw alcara E Eur.
Madia Ege
sativa, Molin. Orestes "Calif.
— var. racemosa, Gray.
Malcolmia africana, R.Br., S. Eur.,
N. Afr.
chia, DC., Greece.
| littorea, R.Br. . S. Eur
| maritima, R.Br., S. Eur., etc.
|
|
eem urs Cav., N. Afr,
| Main Alces; L.; Eur.
|
|
| Spach, N. At
aie | hal amet
Malva—con
os yldiaj Point; Ori ient
parviflora, L., Eur.
sylvestris, by Eur.; ete.
ar. alba.
Malvasirum limense (L.), Chili.
Mandragora vernalis,Bert., Orient.
Marrubium astracanicum, Jacq.,
aucas.
pannonicum, Rchb., Eur.
EA
vulgare,
— caucasiea, Benth., Cau-
faders L., Eur
— var. disedidea (DC.).
Matthiola bicornis, DC., Eur.
Meconopsis cambriea, Vig., Eur.
nepalensis, DC., Nepal.
wallichiana, Hook., Himal.
Medicago apiculata, W., Eur.
Echinus, D Ta ur.
lappacea, Desr., S. Eur.
— var. denticulata, W., Eur.
, Eur
orbicularis, Wilid., 's. Eur.
radiata, L., Orient,
sativa, L., Eur
tuberculata, W., Eur.
turbinata, Wi Eur.
Melica altissima, L., ud
eiliata, L.
— var. posicillaris, ( Boiss.)
var. nebro-
Melilotus alba, Desr., Eur.
officinalis, Desr., Eur.
parviflora, Lam., Eur.
Melissa officinalis, L., Eur.
Melittis Melissophyllum, L., Eur.
Mentzelia Lindleyi, T. & G.
Calif.
Mercurialis annua, L., Eur.
Mesembryanthemum .eordifolium,
4 Capes! .
tricolor, Willd., Cape.
— var. album.
Microseris acuminata, Greene,
Calif.
Do — Gray, Calif.
mi ges Greene, Calif.
i, Gray, Calif.
Mimulus cardinalis, DougL, N.
A
mer.
cupreus, Veitch, Chili.
glabratus, H. B., cama
luteus, L., N.
moschatus, Dedi. N. Amer.
RE J Are. L., W. Ind.
ongiflora, L., Mexico.
"o bua. Moench, N.
Amer.
Molinia exrulea, Meench, Eur.
— var. variegata.
Momordica Elaterium, L., Eur.
Monolepis chenopodioides, Moq.,
N. Amer, —
Morina longifolia, Wall., Nepal.
Moscharia pinnatifida, R.& P., Chili,
Muehlenbergia glomerata, 'Trin.,
N. Amer.
mexicana, Trin., N. Amer.
sylvatica, T. & x. N. Amer.
Willdenovii, se N. Amer.
Museari Argaei, Hor
armeniacum, Baker, Medit.
atlanticum, Boiss., Spain,
Algeria.
grandifolium, Baker.
Heldreichii, Boiss., Greece.
moschatum, Willd., Caucas.
— Guss, , 9S. Eur.
racemos ur.
ERN Regel, Siber.
Myosotis arvensis, Hoffm., Eur.
cespitosa, K. F. Sch., Eur.
collina, Hoffm., Eùr.
sylvatica, Hoff., Eur.
Myosurus minimus, L., Eur, ete.
Myrrhis odorata, Scop., Eur.
Nardurus tenellus, Rchb., Spain.
Nardus stricta, L., Eur.
Nemesia floribunda, Lehm., Cape.
ubescens, Benth., Ca ape.
versicolor, Mey., Cape.
Nemophila aurita, Lindl., Calif.
insignis, Dougl., Calif.
ar. grandiflora, Hort.
parviflora, Dougl., N. Amer.
Nepeta Cataria, L., Eur.
sage lad Bbrst., Caucas.
Nepete
nuda, E Eur
Nicandra PS si Gærtn.,
Peru
Weinm.,
Nicotiana Tc,
Brazil.
paniculata, L., S. Amer.
rustica, L., S. Eur., etc.
Tabacum, L., S. Amer.
Nigella damascena, L., S. Eur
integrifolia, Regel, Cent.
sia.
sativa, L., S. Eur.
Nolana atriplicifolia, Don, Peru.
prostrata, L., Peru, Chili.
Nothoscordum Rd ries Kunth,
Amer.
Notobasis syriaca, Cass., Eur. Or.
CEnanthe crocata, L., Eur.
globulosa, L., s. Eur
uu hiza, Brign., €. & 5,
ksioifiis Haeq., Caruiol.
peucedanifolia, Pall., Eur.
pimpinelloides, L , Eur
silaifolia, Bbrst., Kur
— amoena, Lehm., Calif.
r. rubicunda, Hort.
ise Spach, Chili.
biennis, L., N. Amer.
bistorta, Nutt., N. Amer.
densiflora, Lindl, Calif.
dentata, Cav., N. Amer.
epilobifolia, B.,
ane,
mollissima, L., Buenos Ayres.
odorata, Jacq., Patagonia.
pumila, > a Amer.
rosea, . Amer.
E E
SO
enella, edd Chili.
e iraptera, Cav .» Mexico.
triloba, Nutt., N. Amer.
Omphalodes linifolia, Moench,
Eur.
Ononis arvensis, Mur., Eur.
Natrix, L., ur.
rotundifolia, L., Eur.
eee iis Eur., ete.
repens, Ij Eur.
Onopordon Acanthium, L., Eur.
tauricum, Willd., Eur.
sibthorpianum, Boiss., S. Eur.
Opopanax Chironium, | Koch,
Eur.
Orchis foliosa, Sol., Madeira.
incarnata, L., Eur
latifolia, L., Eur.
maculata, L., Eur
— var. superba.
Origanum vulgare, L., Eur.
— var. album.
Ornithopus perpusiilus, L., Eur.
Ornithogalum arcuatum, Steven,
latifolium , L., Egypt, ete.
narbonense, L., Eu
orthophyllum, "Ten. > Italy.
tenuifolium, Guss., Eur
umbellatum, Bs Eur, etc.
in VAT. . Leicht T
Orobanche minor, Sm, Eur.
ramosa, L., Eur.
Oxyria elatior, R. Br., Nepal.
Oxytropis campestris, DC., Eur.
ochroleuca, Bunge, iber.
Pachypodium erysimoides, Web.,
N. Amer.
Pæonia arietina, Anders., Orient.
— var ersoni.
decora, Anders., Orient.
— var. Pallasii, Hort.
peregrina, Mill., Orient.
Palafoxia texana, DC., Texas.
Palava flexuosa, Mast., Peru.
17
Pallenis spinosa, Cass., Eur.
Panicum capillare, L., N. Amer.
Tr. N. India
Crus-galli, L., S. Eur.
ue ec € CNN or.
miliaceum, L., A.
proliferum, D, N. Amer.
sanguinale, L., Eur
Papaver Argemone, L., Eur
caucasicum, Borst. Gunoi
dubium, L., Eu
— var. Lec ii (Lamotte),
ur
gariepinum, Burch., S. Afr.
glaucum, Boiss., Orient.
levigatum, Bieb., Taurus.
lateritium, C. Koch, Armen
var. album.
orientale, L., Ori
var. bra ieri, "Lindl.
— var. majus
pavoninum, OEA Mey., |
pilosum, Sibth., Greece.
rupifragum, Boiss., Spain.
var. atlantieum, Ball, G.
ae
somniferum, bs n: etc.
« Danebrog
r. fl. pl.
— vi setigerum, (DC)
Parietaria lusitanica, L., Eur.
officinalis, L., Eur.
Parnassia "aes Hook. fil.,
fitbit, Tis €
hcm cenchroides, Rich.,
ASTE Pers., Galatia
villced m, R. Br. Fres., Abyss.
Pentstemon barbatus, Nutt., N.
mer.
— var. Torreyi, Gray.
campanulatus, nal Mexico.
cceruleus, Gray, N. Amer.
confertus, Dougl., N. Amer.
23. me
u 84265.
| — ~con
Har
Mexico.
igitalus,
wegii, Benth,
orit us, Sol.,
Gra ji:
ovatus, ee N. Amer.
pubescens, Sol., N. Amer.
Richardson, Dougl., Colum-
bia.
Perezia T g Less., Peru, etc-
Petroselinum sativum, Hoffm., Eur.
Petunia d M Juss., La
Plata
Peucedanum, coriaceum, ae Eur.
Ostruthium, K.,
eue , Eur
paucifolium, ee. ‘Siber.
sativum, Benth.,
Phaca oroboides, DC., Eur.
| Phacelia eampanularia, Gray,Calif.
| Pr E
|
divaricata,
Parryi, Torr
tanacetifolia, op - Calif.
viscida, Torr., Ca lif.
Whitlavia, Gray, Calif.
sil alba, Hi
Phaenospherma eoe Munro.,
China.
Phalaris canariensis, L., S. Eur.
adoxa, L., S. Eur.
tuberosa, L., Eur.
Phaseolus multiflorus, Lam.
ricciardianus,
tuberosus, pem Cochinchina.
vulgaris, L., In dia.
wightianus, Grah., India.
Phleum wig Jacq. > T
Beehmeri, Wib.,
praten ie as Eur.
— var. sds (L.)
| Phlomis russeliana, Lagas., Orient.
Himal.
Falc;,
on
shed, Turez.; Siberia.
2s Drummondi, Hook., Calif,
— var. cuspidata.
paniculata, L., N. Amer.
— var. :
stellaria, Gray, N. Amer.
Physalis Alkekengii, L., Eur.
angulata, L., Ind. Or.
peruviana, L., Peru,
18
Physostegia virginiana, Benth.,
var. speciosa, mi N:
= teen Halleri, All, S. Eur.
onifolium, Sibth. & Sm,
E
Micheli, All,
hah Geh.
cebiiliure, L., Eur.
spicatum, L., Eur.
Phytolacca acinosa, Roxb., India.
Picridium tingitanum, Dsf., Eur.
Picris hieracioides, L., Eur.
Pimpinella Anisum, L., Eur.
magna, L., Eur.
Pisum — a, Stev- oni
a — Cav., Eur.
Corongpüp. LS Eur.
; Bur
Cynops, L.
gnaphalioides, ' Gray,
mer.
Ispaghula, Roxb, India.
lagopus, L., Eur...
lanceolata, E Eur.
od ur.
aritinia, S., Eur,
Platycodon grái diflorenn; do. DC.,
— var. "Mariesii Hort.
Platystemon californicas, Benth.,
Calif. :
Pleurospermum pulehrum, Aitch.
& Hemsl., Afghan.
Poa alpina, L., Eur.
— var ensis, H ke.
violacea, Bell, Eur.
Podolepis. acuminata, R. Br,
Austral.
Polemonium cæruleum, L., Eur.,
er.,
var..al o
flavum, Greene, Amer.
himalayanum, Baker, Himal
pauciflorum, Wats. =e zs
reptans, L., N. A
Pollinia Gryllus, Spr., Eur.
Polygonatum verticillatum, All.,
Eur.
Polygonum aviculare, L., Eur.
Bistorta ur
capitatum, Don, Himalaya,
e, Himal.
orientale, L., Eur, Orient.
viviparum, d .„ Eur
HN F. Schm., Sachal,
Polypogon monspeliensis, Dsf.,
Eur.
Potentilla alchemilloides, Lap.,
Ten.
argyrophylla, Wall., Himal.
aurea, L., Eur., var. ambigua,
Gaud.
chinensis, Ser., China.
gla lif.
heptaphylla, Mill., Eur.
yana, “Fenzl, | Kur-
distan. `
kurdica, Boiss., Orient.
leschenaultiana, Ser., Ind., Or.
malacophylla, Bunge, ppe:
montenegrina, Panc., Mon-
enegro.
nepalensis, Hook., Nepal.
nevadensis, Boiss., Spain.
opaca, L., Eur. -
ta, Willd., France.
pennsylvanica, L., N. Amer,
r. arachnoidea, Lehm.
getodoAdinpisntis
pyrenaica, Ram., Pyren.
dis, Eur., Caucas.
— var. E ons
— var; palmata. 4
19
dene ine "e
EL; Eur.
virent Regel.
argentea, Hort. x.
vobi Janina, Hort. x.
Sibbaldia, Haller fil., —
Thurberi, gl ~ Amer.
Visianii , Pa ; Eur
wrangeliana, Fisch., Siberia.
Poterium canadense, B.& H, N.
mer. ;
Sanguisorba, L., Eur. -
Prenanthes purpurea, L., Eur.
Primula clusiana, 'Tsch., Eur.
Poissoni, Franch. Chiti
rosea, Royle :
verticillata, Pork: Arabia.
Pu pend L sHor.Cauc.
iata, Hort
Psoralea macrostachya, DC., N.
mer.
physodes, Dougl., N. Amer.
Pyrrhopappus caroliniarius, DC.,
Florida, Texas. -~
Ramondia pyrenaica, ° Rich.,
Pyrenees.
Ranunculus acris, L., Eur.
caucasicus, M. B., Caucas.
n L., Eur., etc.
balaria, i. N. os
Pire
Flammula, L, His: E
pens, L., Eur.
trachycarpus, F. & M., Orient.
Raphanus sativus, Izi Eur.
Rapistrum linnæanum, All, Eur.
Reseda alba, L., s. Eur.
Seg L. thee
lutea, L , Bu ur.
Luteola, Tq Eur
Phyteuma, T. Fur.
Eun "e td Gada. jS
Eur
Rheum collinianum, Baillon.
p
o
^ *
rugosum,
ranzenbachii, Hort, Berlin,
undulatum, L., Siberia, etc
webbianum, Royle., India.
Ricinus conia ds Mur; Ainct.,
ete.
Richardsonia scabra, D; Brazil.
Romanzoffia “sitchensis, ` -Chmss.,
Sitcha.
Rudbeckia amplexicaule, Vahl,
N. Amer. ` es
californica, Gray, Calif.
columnaris, Pursh, var. pul-
her N. Amer.
purpurea, L,, N: Amer,
speciosa, Wendl., N. Amer.
Rumex thera Jacq., Abyss.
s, L., Eur
purpureus, Poir., Eur
ealicifolids Weinm. m. Amer.
Ruta graveolens; E., Eur.
Sagina glabra, Willd., S. Eur.
— var. pilifera.
n2
20)
Salvia æthiopis, L., Eur.
argentea, L., Medit.
Baskéri,, Trautv., Caucas.
clandestina, L., Éur.
hians, Royle, Ind.
interrupta, Schousb., Marocco.
napifolia, Jacq. is RN
ar
— var. docete Grsb.,
ra
— var
Salaki, Tha
sylvestris, 1 var. ; Mb, Eur.
tiliefolia, Vahl, Mex
Verbenaca, L., Eur
— var. disermas, Sibth. & Sm.
verticillata, L., Eur.
virgata, Ai ur.
viscosa, Jacq., Eur.
Sanvitalia procumbens, Lam.,
Mexico.
Saponaria ealabrica, Guss., Eur.
ocymoides, L., Eur.
orientalis, L., Orient.
Satureja L.,
hortensis, Taur.,
montana, L., S. Eur.
Saxifraga altissima, — Eur.
; Gaudinii
. nor.
. pectinata, Schott.
P.
$ -— (Lap. )
— var: "iden. oa
ee L., Eur.
— var. decipiens ( (Ebr) ^
— VM. hirta, (Don sE l
|
Saxifragra—cont.
esespitosa, var. sedoides, (L.)
PEE Willd., Caucas.
ir
Cótslelou L., Eur., PISA
— var. pyramidalis, (Lap.).
crustata, Vent., Alps.
wee Wall., Nepal.
granulata, L., Eur.
Hostii, Tausch, Al
— var. maenabiana, Hort.
hypnoides
kolenatiana, Bagel; ‘Siberia.
lactea, Turcz., E.
be nem Bell., :
var. lan ror (Boiss
eric De
ar. pygmæa, (Haw)
Prostii, Sternb.
rocheliana, Sai
- coriophylla, (Gris Js
rotundifolia, Ee Eur
— var. hir
sponbenica, “am. var. hirta,
1, Eur
teilt Wulf, Alps.
tricuspidata, Rottb., Eur.
umbrosa, L., Eur.
valdensis, DC., Alps.
Scabiosa atropurpurea, L., Eur,
lumbaria, L., Eur.
graminifolia, L., a
gramuntia, L., E
integrifolia, Walt., Eur.
isetensis, L., Eur.
lancifolia, Lernat., Alger.
uci ill;
aeie Dsf., Maced.
palestina, L. , Syria, ete.
Porte, Huter, Eur
prolifera, L., Eur
perocephala, i Greece.
tellata, es
peser ica, L Rd:
vestinn, Facch., "Tyrol.
Scandix Balanse, Reut., Orien
yearpa, Guss., Sicily.
macroryncha, C. A. Mey, Eur.
Pecten-Veneris, L., Eur.
Schismus marginatus, Beauv., 8.
Eur.
Schizanthus pinnatus, R. & P.,
21
. Schizopetalum Walkeri, Sims,
Chili.
Scilla bifolia, L., Eur.
compenniats, TR Spain.
Hort.
rubra
lt te Be nth., —
lingulata, Poir.,
verna, Huds., W. Eur
Scirpus setaceus, L., Eur.
Scleranthus annuus, L., Eur.
nis, L., Eur. d
Seolymus maculatus, L., Eur.
Scorpiurus vermiculata, L., Eur.
Scorzonera laciniata, L., Eur.
Buses aquatica, L., Eur.
Ehrhartii, Stev., Europe.
no id . Eur
sylvatica, Boiss., Greece.
vernalis, L., Eu:
Scopolia lurida, Dub., Himal.
Scutellaria albida, L., S. Eur.
galericulata, L., Eur.
macrantha, Fisch., Siberia.
Secale pec. Le. Asin Minor.
— var. villos
Sedum sion, ca cat
,
panes im, Vahl, Corsica,
Ewersii, Ledeb; Siber.
laucum, , Eur.
ar. atropurpureum.
middendorfianum, Maxim, Si-
beria.
Rhodiola, DC., Siber.
stellatum, L., Eur.
villosum, L., Eur.
Selinum Candollei, DC., Nepal.
Sempervivum pu Bill.,
Pyrenees.
fimbriatum, Lehm., Tyrol.
mettenianum, Lehm., Switz.
montanum, Ls Alps. .
Senecio er ae e Eur.
tius, L., Egypt
Clusii, Schultz: Eur.
osus, L., Eur
Serratula coronata, L., Siberia.
— var. macrophylla
Gmelinii, Ledeb., Caucas.
quinquefolia, eo Caucas.
tinctoria, L., Eur
Seseli Somme um, Sm., Greece.
osse m, Crantz, Eur.
piste ie L., S. Eur.
Setaria glauca, Beauv., Eur.
italica, Beauv.,
Link, Eur.,
Asia,
verticillata, Beauv., Eur., &c.
viridis, Beauv., Eur., &c.
Sherardia arvensis, L., Eur.
Sibthorpia peregrina, L., N. Afr.
Sicyos Baderoa, Hk. & Arn., Chili.
Sidaleea candida, Gray, N. Amer.
Sideritis scordioides, L., Eur.
Silene alpestris, Jacq., Alps.
Armeria, L., Eur.
Er eed se var. swerti-
Chouleti, CM. i s
ciliata, Pourr., ur
clandestina, Jacq. »
colorata, Poir., Mediter.
conoidea, Ln rider etc.
cretica
Cucubalus, Wibel, Eur.
a
fusea, Link, Portugal.
gallica, L., Eur. | .
Silene—econt.
lauca, Pourr., Eur.
ns, L.,
obtusifolia, Wilia., Italy.
paradoxa, L., S. Eu ur.
seta, Dy Sicily, ete.
pseudo-a o-atocion, Desf., N. Afr.
stylosa, Bunge, Siber.
ca, Pers., Tatar.
eran 7 Otth, Siber.
vallesia, L.
vesiculifera, Gay, S. i
vespertina, Retz,
Zawadskii, Her bich, ‘Austria
Silphium chet L., N. Am
scaberrim Ell., N. ame
aMfolistm; uis N. Amer.
Silybum eburneum, Coss. & Dur.,
Eur
marianum, Gertner, Eur.
Sisymbrium Ajliaria, € ,BEur.
assoa Eur
ar, Phat sag H.
ollicinales Scop., S. Eur.
polyceratium, L., Eur.
Sophia, L. Eur. .
atrietissimum, Lj Eur.
TOOP angustifolium, Mill.,
bermudianum, L., Bermuda,
striatum, Smith, Mexico.
Sium pneri L., Eur.
latifoliu Kur.
Smyrnium Olusatrum, Lo Eur.
j Soja hispida, Meench, Ind. Or.
ur.
B K,
Solanum Dulcamara, L., Eur
guineense, Lam., Tr rop. Afr.
villosum, Lam., E
Solidago canadensis, L., N. Amer.
Sonchus oleraceus, L., Eur.
palustris, L., Eur.
Sorghum vulgare, P. & S., Orient.
Sparganium simplex, Huds., Eur.
| Spence rein A.DC., Mediter.
var.
astellana, Lange.
pentagiditis A. DC., pe sag
perfoliata, M
Speculum, A. DC.,
Spergula arvensis, L., Eur.
Spilanthes oleracea, L., Ind. Or.
Spirea astilboides, Hort.
och, Eur.
digitata, Willd., Siberia.
palmata, Thunb., J m
Ulmaria, L., Eur
| Stachys alpina, L., Eur.
intermedia.
Marta L. Eur
| Beto: a, Benth., ‘Eur.
| — vai alba.
grandiflora | — Caucas, ete.
— Var.
recta,
spinulosa, Sib, & Sm., Greece.
setifera, Mey., Caucas.
sylvatica, L., ‘Eur.
Statice bellidifolia, Gouan., Eur.
r.
gougetiana, Girard, Spain.
Limonium, L., Eu
lychnidifolia, Gir. - S. E
pac ne Rege Turkestan.
tarica, im
Thoni L Vit, S Eur.
tomentella, Boiss., Eur., etc.
niin rio gor ia, Willd. D pede
a, Lagasc., Mexi
Stipa Aristella, L., Eur.
pennata, a "Bur., etc.
sibirica, Lam., Siber.
28
Swertia perennis, L., Eur. Cauc.
punctata, Bmg., Transyl.
sya oe Hofmanni, Pantoes,
Bos
pen. DC, Caucas.
Wanneri, Heuff,, Eur,
Symphytum officinale, L., Eur.
Syrenia lamarckiana, Andrz.,
Siberia.
Tagetes lucida, Cav., Mexico.
patula, L., ico.
pusilla, H.B., Quito.
Tamus communis, L., Eur.
Taraxacum corniculatum, DC.,
ur.
gymnanthum, DC., Eur.
Tellima - gepa as . R.Br. E N:
Am
Tdni erie, L'Herit.,
Peru
expansa, Murr., Austral.
Tetragonolobus papaman
Meench, S.
Teucrium Arduini, L., Eur.
Botrys, ur.
canadense £i N. Amer.
Chameedrys, - Eur.
— var. aurea.
nicum, L., Caucas.
multiflorum, D: Orient.
Scorodonia, L., "Eur.
— var. variegatum.
Thalictrum angustifolium, Jacq.,
S. Eur.
— var, (T. nigricans, DC.),
— var. elatum, Regel.
— We aX :
rpurascens,
D ig iens : Siber.,
filifolium,
Thelesperma Gray,
N. Amer
|
|
Thermopsis.. lanceolata, R.Br.,
montana, Nutt., N . | Amer,
Thlaspi alliaceum, L., Eur.
wing L., Eur.
alpe re, L., Eur.
aeoaea, L., Hik
præcox, Wulf., Austria.
Thrincia hirta, DC., Eur.
Thymus comosus, Heuff., ee
lanceolatus, Desf.,
Serpyllum, L. , Kur.
Tigridia Pavonia, Ker, Mexico.
Tofieldia calyculata, Whlnb., Eur.
vm racemosa, Neck., N. imei
tellata, Neck., N. Am
rari heliotropioides, b;
Buen. Ayres.
Trachymene pilosa, Sm., Austral.
Tradescantia erecta, Jacq., Mexico,
d majus, Jacq., Eur.
entale, L., Eur., ete.
nse, L., Eur. |
Tridax trilobata, Hemsl, Mexico.
Trifolium bifidum, Gray, var.
doeii :
b i
glomeratum, L., Eur.
hybridum,, L., Eur.
incarnatu $; Eur
Lagrangei, Boiss., "Orient.
leucanthum, Bbrst. ; Taurus.
minus, Sm., Eur.
multistriatum, Koeh, Eur.
L E
repen
resupinatum, a Eur.
rubens, ur.
squarrosa L., S. Eur, |.
to mentosum, L., Eur,
Frigor d maritimum, L., Eur.
palustre, L., Eur.
Trigonella corniculata, L., S. Eur.
Eur
Cx
polycerata, L , Eur.
Trillium grandiflorum, Salisb., N.
Amer.
Trinia Hoffmanni, Bbrst., Eur.,ete.
Kitaibelii, Bbrst. sinai etc.
Tripteris cheiranthifolia, Schultz,
Abyss.
Trisetum flavescens, Beauv., Eur.
Triticum caninum
violaceum, Horn., Eur.
Tritonia crocosmaefiora, Garden
brid
ybrid.
Pottsii, Benth., Cape.
Trollius asiaticus, L., Siber.
europseus, L. , Eur.
— var. napellifolius.
Tropeolum aduncum, Sm., Peru.
majus, L., Peru.
minus, L., Peru.
tuberosum, R. & P., Peru.
Troximon €— Nutt, N.
Am
var. lacinia
grandiflor
m, Gra
um, ein "Calif,
Tunica py hi Boiss., vid
Sax a, Scop., E
Urospermum eas Desf.,
Eur
picroides, Desf., S. Eur.
Ursinia pulchra, N. E. Brown,
C
Jape.
— var. sulphurea, Hort. Kew.
age bein L., Eur
mbranacea, Poir., Eur.
pilulifera, L., Eur.
— var. balearica, L.
Valeriana alliariwfolia, Vahl,
Caucas
ca .
— Eau «Re
na, L.,
oficial Lh. Te
; exaltata,
(Mikan).
— var, oiera * "e
mier es. Eur. —
S.
Valerianella carinata, Loisl.,
Eur
coronata, DC.,
d
Venidium fugax, Harv., Cape.
Veratrum album, L., Eur.
nigrum, L., Eur.
viride, Ait., N. Amer.
beens Blattaria, Bs S Kur.
i, Vill.,
maladie B. d, S. Eur.
PME L., Eur.
phen m, L., Eur. Siber.
pyramidata, Borst. Caucas.
sinuatum, L., Eur
speciosum, Sehrad., Eur.
thapsiforme, Schrad., Eur.
Verbena Aubletia, L., N. Amer.
venosa, Gill. & Hook., Buenos
Ayres.
Nutt, N.
Vernonia altissima,
Amer.
Veronica agrestis, L., Kur.
aphylla,
austriaca, L., Eur.
— var. pinnatifida.
Bidwillii, uec f., N. Zeal.
tata, ; Siber
gentianoides, Vahl, Taur.
incana, L., Russia.
incisa, Ait. ., Siber.
longi mn L., Eur.
ur
repens, Clar., Corsica.
saxatilis, L., Eu ur.
serpyllifo olia, L., Eur.
spicata, ur.
taurica, Willd., Taur.
25
— var. japonica, (Stend.).
Vesicaria cretica, Poir., Crete.
edentula, Poir.,
grandiflora, Hook., Texas.
Vicia amphicarpa, Dorth., France.
» Eu
atropurpurea, D
calcarata, oe Algiers.
cassubica, L.,
Cracea, L.,
disperma, DC, Europe.
Ervilia, Willd., S. Eur.
Faba, L., cultivated.
— var. equina, (Pers.).
Hort.
fulgens, Ho
macrocarpa, Bert., Eur
nonica, Cr. r
uuum A. Bini, lberia.
a, Host, Eur
aioi, Roth, S. pos
Vincetoxicum fuseatum, Reh. f.,
nigram, Michx., Eur.
onale, Mch., Eur
Viola cornuta, D Eur.
— var. alee:
Viola——cont.
elatior, Fr.,
em Janka, Tayi.
actea, Sm., Eur.
tricolor, L., Eur.
Wahlenbergia capensis, A.DC.,
gracilis, A.DC., Austral.
graminifolia, A.DC., Dalm.
undulata, A. DC., Cape
Wulfenia carinthiaca, Jaeq., Car-
inth.
Xanthium indicum, Wall, Ind.,
etc.
strumarium, L., Eur.
Xanthocephalum puo
des, B. & Hk. f., Arizona
Xeranthemum annuum, L., Eur.
gc ^c rt Jacq., ant
flora, L., Mex
Saulis. rends
tenuiflora, Jacq. , Mexico.
Ziziphora capitata, wie Taur., etc.
tenuior, L., S. Eur
Zollikoferia elquinensis, Phil.,
Chili.
Zygadeuus elegans, Pursh, N.
Amer.
TREES AND SHRUBS,
Acer campestre, L., Europe.
— var. : collinum, Wallr.
med F. & M, Cau-
insigne, Boiss. & | Buhse,
. Persia.
macrophyllum, Pursh, W.N.
Melt puro pe.
r. i obi
monspessulanum
opulifolium, Vill,
satum, Europe.
cttm, Es dee vum
tegrilobum
— beet Schwedleri
--— Platanus, L., Eur.,
— we uchlorum,
— var. erst Hort.
Ailantus glandulosus, Desf., Japan.
Alnus cordifolia, Ten., Italy.
Z., Je apan.
Amelanchier canadensis, Torr. &
Gr., N. Amer.
Amorpha fruticosa, L., N. Amer.
Aucuba japonica, Thunb., Japan.
vera, Hort.
m — Regel, Japan.
hybrid
Berberis aristata, DC., Himalaya.
buxifolia, Lamk., " Chili.
Darwinii, Hook., Chili.
stenophylla, Hort.
virescens, Hook. f, Hima-
laya.
Me ome L., Eur., etc.
jana, DC., Himal.
| Celastrus
J nji
Betula te: a N. RoE a
— var tristi
— er. eligi Hort.
fatai Michx. f., N. Amer.
Maximowiczii, Regel M
papyracea, Ait., N.A
Bruckenthalia spiculifolia, Reichb.,
Europe.
Buddleia japonica, Hemsl., Japan.
Biota orientalis, End., Orient.
Lain.,
Caragana arborescens,
Siberia.
pygm:ea, DC., Siberia.
Redowskii, DC., Siberia.
Carpinus meg swe: L., Eur; etc.
— var.
onus "Mill. S. Europe.
sstiéulAion Thunb.,
an, etc.
Celtis hie EFA yg pes N. Amer.
Cistus laurifolius, L. Spain.
atysepalus, Sweet; Crete.
Cladrastis amurensis, Benth. &
Hook. Amur,»
Clematis vt E , Europe, etc.
Flam S. Eu
figastieifolia, Natt, N. Amer.
Reinw.,
Clethra canescens,
Japan, ete.
Colutea arborescens, L., Eur.
cruenta, Ait., Orient.
istria, Mill., Asia Minor.
mol alba, L., N. Am
rnifolia, L e N. Au ner.
paiete; L'Herit, ,N. Amer.
sanguinea, L., Eur
sericea, L., N. Amer.
27
Cotoneaster © bacillaris, Wall.,
— var. floribunda, Hort.
microphylla,
Nummularia, ^ & 5
Europe, Asia
rotundifolia, Wall., Himal.
dl., Eur.
uniflora, Bunge, Siberia, etc.
Crategus Carrierei, Vauvel. (C.
Lavallei, Herineq.)
chlorosarea, Maxim., Mand-
uria.
— vər. arbutifolia, Hort.
—— var. NE Lindl.
ort.
— var. spiétidens; , Lodd.
Donges}, Lindl., West, N.
Bre zu „ N. Ame
hoteroph yila Flsójs, Orient.
anocarpa, Bieb., Caucasus.
Scheele, United States.
rt.
eMe in Ait., N. Amer.
punctata, Jacq., N. Amer.
— var. pberies he Hort.
— var. striata, Hort.
Pyracantha, Pers., var. La
landii, Hort
rivularis; Nutt., West. N.
naica, Boiss.; Orient.
mace Peres n
tom Ej
meer lawsoniana,
if.
Lamb, N.W.
liii.
nootkatensis
Amer. ;
Thyoides, L., N. Amer.
Cytisus albus, L., S.W. E
— var. incarnatus, Hort.
biflorus, J» Herit., Eur. l
monspeseulanus, i. S. Eur.
nigricans, L., Eur.
— var. longispicatus, Hort.
var. pendula,
m s "Eur.
Dabeecia polifolia, D. Don, W. Eur.
Daphne Mezereum, L., Europe.
— var. flore albo...
Daph -— Lud.
liq., Japan.
mum — S.& Z
macropodium,
Japan.
Ehretia elliptica, DC., Texas, etc.
Eleagnus longipes, A: Gray,
Japan.
umbellata, Thunb., Japan.
Erica stricta, Andr., S. Eur.
m ae europeus, L., Eur.
var. coccineus, Hort.
latifolius, Scop., Eur.
Forsythia suspensa, Vahl, Japan.
—
Fraxinus Rupr.,
— Nutt., "N. Amer.
8, urope
pigie a Wall., Hima-
laya.
Gaultheria Shallon, Pursh, N.
mer:
procumbens, L., N. Amer.
Genista æthnensis, DC., Sicily.
ilosa, L., Europe.
radiata, Scop., S. Eur.
sagittalis, L., Eur.
tinetoria, L., var. elatior,
lurope.
virgata, DC., Madeira,
Halesia tetraptera, L., N. Amer.
Hamamelis virginica, L., N. Amer.
| Hedera Helix, L., Eur., etc.
Hippophae rhamnoides, L., Eur.,
etc.
Hovenia dulcis, Thunb., China,
etc.
— Androsemum, L.,
Eur
calycinum, L., Orie
elatum, Ait., N. idle
Nex Aquifolium, L., Eur
— var. platyphylla, Hort.
lev M iie A: Gray, E. United
Sta
Ve BIS Gray, N. Amer.
Kalmia angustifolia, L., N. Amer.
lauca, Ait., N. Amer
latifolia, L., N. Aimer.
Laburnum Alsehingeri, Vis, E.
Eur
vulgare, Griseb., Eur.
— var. Carlieri, Hort.
r. quercifolium.
Ledum latifolium, Ait., N. Amer.
Leueothóe Davisiae, Torr., Cali-
fornia.
Leycesteria formosa, Wall., Himal.
Ligustrum Ibota, Sieb., Japan.
vulgare, L., Europe.
Lonicera glauca, Hill, N. Amer.
Morrowii, Gray, Japan.
orientalis, . Asia Minor.
segreziensis, ‘Hort.
Xylosteum, L., Eur.
Lyonia ligustrina, DC., N. Amer.
Mahonia Aquifolium, Nutt., N.
Amer.
var. murrayana, Hort.
lüiiculiris DC., N. Amer.
Mespilus Smithii, DC., Caucasus.
Morus nigra, L., Eur.
Myrica cerifera, L., United States.
Neillia amurensis (Benth. & Hook.,
Amurland.
go cred Benth. & —
eM m
Olearia Haastii, Hook. fil, N.
Zeal.
Oxydendrum arboreum, DC., N,
Amer.
Paulownia imperialis, S. & Z.
Japan.
Pernettya mucronata, Gaud.,
Chili, ete.
Petteria ramentacea, Presl,
Europe.
Phellodendron amurense, Rupr.,
Amurland.
hirsutus, Nutt.,
Philadelphus
Oregon.
Picea Glehnii, F. Schmidt, Japan.
Pieris mariana, Bnth., & Hook. f.,
N. Amer.
Pinus parviflora, S. & Z., Japan.
Piptanthus nepalensis, Sweet,
Himalaya.
Potentilla fruticosa, L., North
Hemisphere.
Prunus Avium, L., Europe, ete.
sg oe Chaix, S.E.
hate Bunge, China.
lusitanica, L. f., Portugal.
maritima, Wangenh., N.
Amer.
M Rupr., Mand-
Stokes, ^r aan etc.
ar. foliis r
Ptelea trifoliata, L., N. Amer.
uri
Persien,
Pyrus americana, DC., N. Amer.
Aria, Ehrh., Europe, ete.
— vui. angustifolia.
— var. cretica, Hort.
— var. iss.
— var. lutescens, Hort.
— var. salicifolia.
arbutifolia, L., N. Amer.
Aucuparia, Gertn., Eur.
Pyrus—cont.
decaisneana, Nichols., Origin
unknown
ori um, Sm-
var, mali-
fBioribinda, Sieb., Japan.
intermedia rh., Europe
japonica, Thunb., Ja
latifolia, Syme, Eur.
prunifolia, Willd. , Siberia, ete.
Ringo, Max., Japan, etc.
sikkimensis, ‘Hook. L; Sikkim.
spuria, DC., Hybrid origin.
vestita, Wall., “Himalaya.
Rhamnus Alaternus, d ds Europe.
— var.
angustifoli
earolinianus, Walt., 8. U. States,
infectorius, L., S. Europe.
Rhododendron dauricum, L.,
Siberia.
Rhodotypus kerrioides, S. & Z.,
Japan.
Rhus Cotinus, L., Europe.
g Amer
radieans, L., N. Amer.
suceedanea, L., China &
Japan.
Ribes alpinum, L., Eur
cereum, Dougl., "West. A
Amer.
— Pursh, N.W.
pus
atrosanguineum, Hort.
var ae paiio. Bent h.
valdivianum, Phil., Chili.
Rosa alpina, L., Eur., var. inermis.
arkansana, Porter, N. Amer.
ri, Déségl., England,
—
, Eur
figos, Chalet itsorland.
hibernic ca, Sm., Britain.
lucida, Ehrh., N. Amer.
microphylla, Roxb, China.
m ta, Mill., ete.
multifors, Thunb., Japan.
£z
"
A. Gray, West. N.
mifera, Herrm., Europe.
rubiginosa, L., Europe, ete.
. maj ort.
rubrifolia, Vill., Eur.
‘rugosa, S. & Z., Japan.
—- Var. alba.
ricea, Lindl., Himal,
spinosissim a, b Eur
yar. altaica.
Wilsoni, Bor., Britain.
Rubus stc Blox., Europe.
s, Br ichan, Himalaya.
cae lines j
calvatus, Blox., Europe.
Colemani, Blox., Europe.
dumetorum, W. & N., var.
indl., Britain.
subereetus,
villicaulis, '"wW.& N., Europe.
Sambucus glauca, Nutt., West. N.
Am
er.
nigra, L.; Eur., ete.
— var. leucocar
— var. swindonensis, "gie
— var. virescens,
racemosa, L., (od "Hemi-
sphere.
Skimmia Fortunei, Mast. (S. ja-
poniea, Hort.), China.
Spartium junceum, L., S. Eur.
Spiræa ol ine Pall., Eur.
D
A Hoa Ns W. Amer.
nita. P. 3 ase
— var. Bum
— var, glabra,
— var. pues N ichols,
typ!
lindleyana, Wall., Himal,
paniculata,
salicifolia, La N. Amer.
sansso o
sorbifolia, L., N. Asia.
splendens, fort.
tomentosa, L., N. Amer.
ae pinnata, L., Europe.
„Michx
s Ly
N. Amer.
Syringa pekinensis, Rupr., China.
Taxus baccata, L., Eur., etc.
gia
— var, fructu-luteo, Hort.
— var. sinensis
Taxus—cont. Esci "y
— var. Washingtoni, Hort.
cuspidata, S. & Z., Japan.
Ulex europzus, L., Bur.
Vaccinium maderense, Link.,
Azores. -
res.
stamineum, L., N. Amer.
Aye N.
MAR “dentatom,
dilatatutd, a , Japan.
Lantana,
molle, Michx s N. Amer,
Opulus, L., Eur., etc.
Vitis heterophylla, Thunb., Japan.
— var, humulifolia.
Labrusea, L., N. Amer.
riparia, Michx., N. Amer.
Yucca Whipplei, Torr., California.
Zelkowa Keak:, Sieb., Japan.
Zenobia speciosa, D. Don, U. S.
Amer.
—- var. pulvérulenta.
ROYAL GARDENS, KEw.
~ pare E Á—
BULLETIN
OF
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,
APPENDIX II.—1895.
NEW GARDEN PLANTS OF THE YEAR 1894.
The number of garden plants annually d in bear and
hortieultural publieations, both English and foreign, so consider-
able that it has been thought desirable to publish Koope list of them
in the Kew Bulletin each year. The following list comprises all the
new introductions E durin 1894. These lists are indispensable
to the maintenance of rect nomen sie especially in the smaller
botanical establishments in correspondence with Kew, which are, as a
rule, ooga cantily provided with hortictiliusid periodicals. Such a list
ill also afford information respecting new plants under cultivation at
this pony citm many of which will be distributed from it in the
regular course of exchange with other botanic gardens.
The present list includes not only plants brought into cultivation for
the first time during 1894, but the most noteworthy of those which have
been re-introduced after being lost from cultivation. Other plants
included in the list may have been in gardens for several years, but either
were not described or their names had not been authenticated until
recently.
In addition to species and botanical varieties, all hybrids, Miren
introduced or of garden origin, : described for the first time in 1894,
are included. It has not been thought desirable, however, to give
authorities after the names of garden hybrids in such genera as Cypri-
pedium, &c. garden varieties of such plants as Coleus, Codtewum
Mere
or Narcissus are omitted for obvious reasons.
In every case the plant is cited under its published, name, although
some of the names are doubtfully correct. Where, however, a correction
has appeared desirable this is
The name of the person in whose collection the plant was first noticed
or described is given where
An asterisk is prefxed to pu iio a of which examples are in
cultivation at Kew.
The pnia from which this list is compiled, with the abbre-
viation used to indicate them, are as follows :— B. M.— Botanical
Magazine. B. 7. O.—Bulletino della R. Società Toscana di Orticultura.
Bull Cat. — Bull, Catalogue of New, Beautiful, and Rare Plants.
Gard.—The Garden. G. C. — Gardeners’ Chronicle. G. and F.—
U 89179. 1875.—11/95. Wt. 308. EY
32
d and Forest.
Lil.
— L?Illastration Horticole.
eee of Horticulture.
de etin of uU o Td Information, dod
Gfl.—Gartenflora.
G. M.—Gardeuners’ Magazine.
Dun E Jardin. H.—
nal des Orchidées. K. B.—
Gardens, Kew. ZL.—Lin-
R
rs Deutsche Giirtner-Zeitung. 0.
Ordi en:
AR. UH.
General Nursery Catalogue.
Williams, ‘Orchid
ich enbachia. R. H.— Revue
. G.—Wiener lastririd Garten-Zeitung.
— Willia s, Ne ew and General Plant Catalogue. W. O A
Album
Horticole.
Cat.—Veitch & Sons, Catalogue
Williams Cat.
.—Warner &
The abbreviations in e descriptions of the per are :— ft.—
Foot or Feet. ism
in.—Inches,. S.—Sto
Acacia baileyana, F. Se Muell,
ae TIP xy., 37, fig. 4 —
fn A. shrub with e elegan
bipinnate. leaves and small all globose heads
w flowers in
[uer
Deis. Australia.
en.)
tanic
Acer Mi bei, Maxim. (Spaeth Cat
1894-5. Y Bopa. H. This spe-
cies was in
Forest,” 1893, 143. ne o
tree nearly related to the Nor-
ay Maple, Acer platanoides. Japan,
padar Berlin.)
Adiantum Claesii, Lind. & Rod. (IU.
2 1894, 137, t. 95 G. C. 1894
“Garden and
» XV.
63.) Filices. S. species with
te obcordate-lanceolate innules
nr cape with white on. light green
n dark n ground. zi. L'Horti-
salie I ten rm vl
TE, "GA 1983) Hildebrandii, TE
rs Dae Gesneriacee.
; arog al ess
ovate, thick, peur and the flowers
erect clusters on the ends of the stems—
an inch lon og orange scarlet, the seg-
eus margined with deep red. Burm.
T— thus obconica, C.B. RS
COEM 6. S. Anearally of Æ
tricolor, but with a broad campanulate
pe and short corolla-tube. It has
slender stems, ovate leaves, and two-
flowered axi em
ine wide, crimson, corolla scarlet with
y stripes on the sp ing lobes.
Malaya. (J. Veiteh & Sons.)
ZEsculus plantierensis, Hort. (R.H.
LEA 345) a ge H. A garden
hybrid between ZE. Hippocastanum and
- rubicunda. rta non —
Metz.) saree,
DUM
use.—H, Hardy. H.
H,—Half-hardy.
“Wane umilum f.
NN "Cat. Bos 5, fig.) mee
S. A dwarf plant with ovate acumi-
nate Mieres 5 in. long colo
white. Malaya. (J. Veitch and Sons
Allium Akaka, Gmelin. = 7. O.
1894, 226.) Liliaceae. H. A dwarf-
with rose-coloured
flowers produced in n apri: A near ally
of A. karataviense, Regel. (Dammann
& Co., Naples.)
ocasia Curtisii, N. E. Br. (K. B
i8 ) Aroideme A ne
species allied to A. decipiens. Leaf-
s about 2 ft. long 8 in.
long, 12 in. broad, with long basal lobes,
light and reen above, 1
Tu peduncle a foot long ; vene
long, pale yellow ; spadix 6 in.
edi yellow. Penang. (Kew.)
“Alocasia — Hort. (Bull.
Cat. fig.) A large leaved
libn. ps ’ blades “a ply lo n
as s green, with the
midrib nerves margine
with white; leaf Ik mottled. Malaya.
( ull)
Aloo Derbetzi, Hort. (R. H.
47.) Liliaceæ. G. A garden hybrid
ine een Gasteria we rep and
eins rubro-cincta. (Del Mar-
seilles.)
"Ales Kirki, Baker. (B. M. t. 7386.)
ies allied to A. "reni
ia ees leaves dark gree
a dense rosette, each nearly a "ren ot
in. wide, with large marginal s
spike 2 ft. long, branched; flowers
over an inch A egal tipped
with brown. zibar, (Kew
(K. " 1894,
` new “species, with a
leaves, which are
“Alga Luntii, Baker.
al alis
langaia thick, unarmed, Loon pend | Anthurium
ers ong,
green; flowers about an inch
recs: -green, borne on a loose ino
South Arabia. (Kew.)
— M, Haw. var. ng dre
(G 1894,
Differ s from the type y se ‘ies
erect habit, Tn beeg and narro
leaves Boe ane.
British Chin, "T Cooper.)
Pee. comte ed a Linden
C. 1894, xv 3.) Filices: 5.
zil.
“Amorpnophalins ER Elliotii, H
(L’Horticulture Internationale. Y
ook, f.
ibus
e
spadix shorter than the spathe, purple.
ierra (Kev.)
Anemone pee Hort.
ha 226.) Ranunculaces.
ierianum, Kráünzlin.
808; xvi,
i Pts Mg into an acute tongue
adagascar. (F. Sander & Co.)
Anguloa madouxiana, L. Lind. (Z.
— J. O. v, 124) Orchidee.
rua ate v. rugs to be
and uniflora.
ripe s Internationale »
Anthemis macedonica, Boíss.& Orph.
c 1894, xlv. _Compo-
H. A rock plant 6-8 in. high,
wi "n white e delere L^ jue having a
dark yellow centre. Macedonia. (R.
itech, Exeter.)
ric Schweinfurthii,
894, |i cn ;
519.)
Baker.
and ——
ikes. iiin a. (Dam-
es.)
one of the parents. (Madame Procter,
8.
— — Cannes.)
33
Léos Radzi-
rim raf I 619 -& A
garden hybrid of which A, andréanum
is one of we parents. (Vandendae!l,
Monte Carlo.)
Anthurium Princess Lise Radzi
wil. (A. H. 1894, 11, t. 2.) S.
garden aa of which A, andréanum
is one o parents. (Vandendael,
Monte Car
"m “aubia, Lind. & Rod.
uc . 1894, 933, t. 15 5 Acantha-
en hyb —
JApkslatibra nitens var. Y Sini and
i. A Herticulture
Sten n: Lin
ime ionale.)
ere Etta, mem (G.and F.
4, 424.) Ama
— Huteri, Kerner. (J. of H.
| 894, xxix., 369, u^ 57. aryo-
shyla retty plant, of
neat habit, with large jun. white flowers.
Tyrol. (Sünderman, Lindau im Boden-
see, Bavaria.)
eee pork
(Spaeth, Berlin.)
Arum Magda) enae, vet a i “i
O. 1894, 227.) Aro idee. H.
allied to A. ae
1
. Palestine
Naples.)
Arum modicense, Sprenger. (B. T. O.
1894, 227.) H. A vigorous form of A.
italicum. (Dammann & Co.,
Naples.)
Arundinaria Hindsii, Munro. c =
1894, xv. 238.) Bambuse
hardy bamboo with stems 6 ft. high;
leaves 8 in. b in., semi-erect, dark
green. Syn. a erecta; an-
zan Chiku. "
Ji apan. (Kew.)
*Arundinaria Hindsii, Munro, var.
etype. Japan.
asyana,
khas Munro.
1894, xv., 301.) H.
d species and named Arun-
escribe
Decco nitida,
A 2
Ser idistra ica, e T G.
1894, 266.) D. 1acee
cies, supposed to have been ri ipe
fron Tonkin, with ral habit and
aspect o of A. elatior but differing from
that in its trimerous symmetry. (Jardin
des ris.)
Asplenium Drue yi, Hort. (Gard.
1894, ares +472.) Fi ilices. H. A variety
of A. Baptistii wi ader E
with bro
which are similis crested. (H. B
May.)
salicina, Torr Gray.
( Seat. Cat. 1894-5.) Dad.
H. A bush 6 ft. high, with narrow,
. willow-like, gray-green leaves. Western
North America. (Spaeth, Berlin.)
*Bambus angustifolia, Mitford.
I ier "i894, WT 547.) Bambusez.
. & dwarf har direct with slender
Eee 1 ft. high ranched
p when young; pose 4ii
rrated, green with silver stri ripes
H Vilmorini Hort. Japan.
reeman-Mitford.)
*B Castillonis, Hort. (G. C.
368. A hardy species,
stems 6 ft. more Pa cred
leaves variegated, 7 in. 1j
xc eg on both margins.
u." Japan. (Kew.)
a RO enys ]
*Bambusa chrysantha, Hort. (G.C.
A hardy species,
y Roue rX
[Probably
1894, xv., 368.)
with slender stems 3 ít. or e high,
leaves 1 4 green, striped
apan. + probably
aly a form of Afücisavià Simoni.]
*Bambusa disticha E ce nri
1894, ved 547. H.
n toa — M cob nen
long sintivated. u
eaves, t
n. rigid, evergreen.
*Bambusa Henonis, raid
1894, xv., 368.) A h
probably a variety bs "Phyllostachys
)
Duilioi. Japan.
As m apieker, Hon Hort.
branched; leaves 6 in. Ton ng,
green mottled with dull yellow. a nel
(Kew.)
«KG C.
pei er
Š fa Bt
34
w Spe-
|
|
|
by 4 in. bright green, serrated, with
a constriction on one side near the
apex. The she
young stems are purple, marbled with
silver grey. Syn. B. Kan ee Hort
Japan. (A. B. Freeman-Mitfor
Bambusa Nagashima, Hort. (Gar
894, Vet i 547.) A dwarf Sen
bud ; elus 2 ft. toes round,
purplish ; esa 6 in. by $ in., serrated ;
leaf-she Japan. B
aths hairy.
Freeman-Mitford.)
“Bambusa pumils, Hort. (G. C.1
ardy bamboo with
aes t. high, un-
branched ; 4} in. by i 3 in. covered
with short Peries Japan. (Kew.)
*Bambusa pygmzea, Miquel. (G. C.
1894, idu A har rdy bamboo
and the dwarfest in cultivation; stems
is than high, creeping pe
rig eet leaves 4 in. by å
green. Jap (Kew.)
oh Franchet
pies 546.) hardy
B. Freet tford.)
NE sterilis, Hort. Japan. (G.
, 868.) This appears to
pep of B. nana, Roxb. Japan.
(Kew.)
Begonia platanifo lia, Schott, vars.
decora, illustris and ulvinata.
(G.
and dis ted by L’Horticul-
dee preiei Erani els,
"Begonia - President Carnot. 6e C.
ae E T othe and
na "hybrid
(M. Crozy, Lyons.)
B. coccinea.
warf
peo. dine allied io y pr iba
but differs in baving terete hairy petioles,
be sd co pee coloured rich
etallic green oppe . The
flowers which are ineonspienous a are pale
pink, and borne in loose erect racemes,
M alaya. (F. Sander & Co.)
*B a Rex x set Tnt (G. C.
m xvi., A garden
oe between the es species pes
cated by the name. (F. Sander &
Co.)
POROS Rajah, R — (G. C. —
xvi. A
Bellevallia Aucheri, Hee e T. O
13994, 227.) | Liliacez species
: with long ipo ed broad Gard and ‘dense
racemes of purplish tinted
flowers, The correct name is an |
cinthus | Aucheri, Baker. Pers
(Dammann & Co., Naples. )
*Betula Maximowiczii, Regel. (G. C.
1894, xvi, 718.) Cu ulifera. H
retum. It has ad leaves
and orange-coloured bark. Yez
*Biarum Spruneri, m igi
1894, 19.) Aroidez. spe dis
nearly allied to aH Son rare
B.i Gre
enuiflorum.
*Bifren naris Chaslerworthii Rolfe.
EE . 1894 z gs E G.
specie o B.racemosa.
Paeudobulbs ia Miel. m in. long ;
eaves 9 in. lon; ; pe 6 in. long,
M4 3
nte ie; * a and Kew
"Brachyohitus Horstlai, Peters.
es : 1894, xv., Scita-
'$. Am pois de i ncs
erect, 9 2f long ; ‘eaves s oblong lanceo-
late nearly 1 ft. long; flowers in a
térmiasl spike, yellow. Java. (Kew.)
e ee Lee caffrum, N. E. Br.
94, xvi. 62.) Asele-
A
ia Ti small trailer with a
er rootstock, stems 5 in. long,
Mant leaves less th n inch lo
rs half an inch in apes Silli
Petite,” yellow. S. Africa. (Kew.)
Brodiza Ho te ae ree
Alu 1894, xlvi l. 99 2.)
ariet + em delicate
Lilia H.
lilac-tinted love: (Van Tubergen,
Haarlem.)
eS: pulchella, N
B. asd 389.) Mh
E A new species, unlike any other in
the germ. t forms a compact bush
i astate or a
in. long
ng short nal suai es of iei
tubular Jesu white owers. South
Africa? (Kew.)
ee hookefianum, Kränz-
S aont. xv, 685
A rather common-
with creeping
rhizo oblong 4-angle ed pseudo-
fale ench bearing a pair of oblong
leaves 2 in. long; scape nodding, c
iog. snl nus flowers. Trop. Wes
(Herrenhausen.)
mep Johannis
- (G. nyien ; 592.
species,
ra paaa ; "flowers
diameter. Madagascar
"S
E Soph
Krünzlin.
white
E Rare diee )
3o hyllum aa big
O. TR 1394, 994.) :
p Dearei, with 1
on scapes in. long; dorsal iat
yellow with purple veins, lateral sepals
connate, pink and purple. (Borneo.)
Bulbo vas DUKE -
"y phy! Yds eee — QN
(Herrenhausen.)
*Bulbophyllum hil Rolf
(K. p 1894, "T > mm, idt
specie es with elongated
ps
nga indie; sein
m wera — linear 0
l long,
-—
rug
edidi gs porem small
flowers. Penang. (Kew.)
CR ic ge Ioas mre Baker.
7. taminez.
owers
te, se ssile i in the centre
of the tuft of leaves. Trinidad. (Kew.)
Calochortus Elummer eræ, Hort. Wal-
(G. C. 1894, xvi., 133, fig.
" handsom
many in a roset
deiicste
specie ies, with flowers of
(Wallace
em of lilac. mse seca
& Co.)
"Calochortus Weedii, Wood L9 0.
. 5
urface being co’
poker hairs. C
nt & Co.) .
lors are ETC lawrencianum m
(K. B. s 185.) Orchidew.
An ecies allied to C. jaryonini
from 1 which it differs in having pseudo-
bulbs 1 in. long, the Jeaves 3 in.
narrow, - the flowers 3 in., yelovisk
with purple, the rid
le; they are born
Hab. wit
rded. (Sir ce.)
Ie ata p em (B. M.
1559. nie, A near
ally to ~ eeu but ae in all its
parts. as a dense rosette of green
leaves 3 n long 2 in. broad, an on
bearing a
central erect Pe
like head 4 long of bright Aer
bracts enclosing the yellow tubular
flowers. Ecuad oer :
' Cafaliuni Luntii, N. rie
. 1894, 335.) sian, S. A
new species with 4-angled —
stems 8 in. high and 3 in. thick,
a entra toothed, and geer: with
urple. Flo . in diameter, with
a five-lobed "ihe; pe cci yellowish-
green with purple spots. South Arabia.
ew.)
chloranthum, a ogn.
(J. O. 1894, 251.) Orchid 8.
This o
(L’Horticulture Internationale.)
EUM discolor, Lindl.,
Oum m OU. O. 1894,
240, 252.) This differs from pir type
n ha aving flowers of a vin red
sate our. Brazil. (L'Horticulture
Internationale.)
Ca tianum, L. Lind. &
Co . 1894, 362) S.
Flowers i in lax spikes, the long, siae
are suffused
*Catasetum Lemosii, Rolfe. (X. B.
1894, 393.) S. A new species allied
to C. albovirens. earn Ne fusiform
6 in. long ; leaves Ache rs (3 ies
; flowe
14 in. across, Foren Ad uei the lip
light green and yellow, Brazil. (Kew.)
Catasetum macrocarpum, v
O’Brien. (ZL. t. i2 O:
1894, xvi., 306.) See C. pleading:
Catasetum pallidum, Cogn. (J. O.
1894, 252.) S. This species comes
r. Lin-
C.
near C. Jinetianum from Mess d ie
principally in its shorter and
petals and more fl lip. Habitat not
recorded. (L Horticulture Interna-
tionale
Feige lang Rolfe. (K. B.
1894, S. A new 22s
ied 7 e albovirens. Pseudobulbs
fusiform, 6 in. long ; leav D lanceo-
late 10 in. jong ; scape 8 vcn
xh about 12 aromatic fiowen,
in, pean the sepals abe p^
E ellow green, with brown s spots, the lip
dark y rom. Brazil. (L'Horticulture
nale.)
scitis Randii, Rolfe. (K. B.
1894, 394. S. new species
allied C. PLUR which it re-
sembles in habit, differi amd only in so
brush-li
lip, which has a short, broad
appendage, Brazil. (Kew. _
36
M t i de
*Cattleya A T
Cattleya
od Brownie,
on a citrina aur
ORO DM o ws var. pin
Cattleya
ee ee evolnium, Cogn.
(J.
'The flowers in this are
3.)
ns.
nationale.)
Catasetum rodigasianum,. d var.
bei tiger, Rolfe. : (L. t. 406.) S.
with much darker germ
flowers dan the è type: Brazil, rem orti-
eulture Internationale.)
*Catasetum splendens, Cogn.
1894, 356; J. O: 1894, 302.) "^
upposed natural hybrid, between C.
hii and
ns
obrienianum
(L'Hortieulture. "The
ternation:
Lindl., var.
421.) Orchideze. S.
A variety with larger flowers an
deeper colours than the type. (L’Horti-
culture Internationale.)
a arthuriana, J. O'Brien.
102) G.
luteola
(C. Dorma
"SIG Atlanta.
(O. R.
G. X garden hybrid bet
Leopoldii and C. Wav sotiWicéi,
G. Veitch & Sons.)
Mr Coh bicolor, Lindl., var. caerulea.
(G $78). G.
1894, xvi.
ME with greenish sepals lee petals
Mes blue labellum. (T. Statter.)
(G. C. 1894,
O. R. 1894, 334.) G. A
garden hybrid bet between C. bowringiana
d C. Harri . (F. Sander & Co.)
antiaca, Gower.
194.) G. Differs from the
d richer coloured
(C. E
1894,
type in its E" arger and
flowers and more elongated lip.
Field.)
mmi nay Hort. (L.t
ya pale meni Saudi
va uggested
ind C. Schr.
(L'Hortie cnn Tabaninae)
ety
vim "rosy- -purple flowers and a richly
loured lip. (L Horticulture Inter-
tes ionale.)
Eldorado, Linden, var.
Oweni. (Z. t. 409.) G A variety
with white sepals and petals, the lip
also white with a yellow blotch and a
band of rose-crimson. (L’Horticulture
Internationale.)
Cattleya. Xahis, (G. C. 1894,
604. arden hybrid i between
e labat me C. dowiana, (J. Vei
ns.)
eo agrea
i he —— ay e variety
with pim wie mn md bos and a
crimson and yellow lip. (Due de Massa,
Franconville.)
Cattleya Iu Rolfe, var. Lu-
ciana. . 449.) G. A variety
with ane Gowers TE might D
alled & iczii
(L'Horticulture roa
ger ge ATCP e (G. C.
57.) G: A garden hybrid
pete mC: — a and C. T labiata, var.
Mddesüein (F. Sander & Co.)
S NDA: ta wy nens
C
497) G A x: rge
white sepals and petals
oon and crimson on the
Owen.)
baer > labiata, Lindl.,var. Peetersii.
(O. R. 1894, 78.) € om — with
dark TN purple gularly
variegated with a lighter pris (A. A.
Peeters, Brussels.)
Cattleya Mantinii.
»
P e arie M
and blotches E
(O. R. 1894,
A
365; Gard. 1894, , Xvi, MÀ S.
garden hybrid nC. bowringiana
and C. d (G. Mantin,
owiana dien
Olivet, France zí
ing especial
gaudy. ri ea pire si )
Cattleya Mossiz, Hook, var. wambe-
k L. Lind. (Z. t. 133.) G. A
variety with very large, richly coloured
flowers, (C. van Wambeke, Belgium.)
(O. R. 1894,
attleya venosa, Rolfe. à
e ya p e vm escent :
132.) G. Suppo ey
hybrid Mn herr
C. Forbesii. ci Horteaitare ther:
nationale.)
Cattleya, Mei (G. C. 1894,
G. A garden hybrid
piedi. wringiana and C, War
scewiczii. 'G. Veitch & Sons.)
*Cereus pron aboriginum, Watson.
(G. 1894, 334, fig. 54.)
Cactee. s. A tree Cactus, 20-30 ft.
high, trunk 1 ft. in ter with 10
ribs, armed with straight ash-
or 11
coloured spines. in. long,
purple and white. (It baat been sug-
gested that this Z C. macrogonus of
Salm-Dyck.) Sonora.
Chamaepeuce afra DC. (GA. —
dsom
47.) Cain a H.
Pee ire P ni, with a rose tte of rue
gree AE and a
to le flower-
s Armenia. (Max Leichtlin,
Baden.)
ea ja onica, Lindl., var.
otina, H. 1894,
194, fig. 155,1 56.) Rosacée, H.
- em ACE of the typical Pyrus
F. Morel, Lyon-Vaisse,
pose
enda Pac: Aschers. — T ^
1894, 115, fig. 31.) Cucurbitaceæ
A tall- -growi j
Commen a tea iee
road, emma & Co., Naples. )
Cologyne Mosis, vo et (E, 3
1894, 156; e. xv. $y
fig. 49.) anadet ui
species allied to C. nervosa, Pauia:
bulbs 1} in.
long ovate, alee
leaves 6 in. lon ; race Dong»
bearing about six nee E hg in
across, pure white with a
shaped mark on the d ° Nilghiri hiri Mts,
(J. ^. Moss.)
*Cologyne swaniana, Rolfe. (K. A
1894, 182; G. C. 1894, xv. 539
R. 92. oa mew ibid
alli wu C. dayana but with shorter
tendit uo leaves, ey racemes. is
flowers are white a brown |
veined with yellow. "Philippines. d.
Sander & Co.)
Cornus mas, Mietzschii,
Schwerin. at " 1894, 556.) Cor-
naceæ. A form of garden nd. with
leaves marbled, spotted and
with grey, white green. CMietzach,
Wendisch-Wilmersdorf. )
*Crassula hybrida albiflora, a
(Lemoine, coon on 1894.) Crass:
G. A hybrid between iiiki
and Rochea odorata. Oase
Nane
*Crinum Doris, Terrace. (B. T. O.
1894, 19.) Amaryllidee. S. The leaves
rages wavy at the rene ont the
short, surmounted by a m
ovem umbel of scented, s AN red
striped flowers. Abys
um gran modiorum, E X (R. H.
147.) garden
-
Crinum
1894,
“hybrid between C. car —
and C. capense.” Deleuil, Mar
seilles.)
Cucumis Vilm morini, —
1894, 115.) Cucur
ers ary ‘leav
AGA 1.0.
Hoa: An
oy mes Lael in colour and arm
soft spines. Origin not recorded.
ania gra. andidens, * ae ee n.
5.) Sapindacee. S. “An
by nt
pinnate leaves,
sinuately lobate.” Zanzibar. CW.
thea macrocal Hartw. var.
(Gard. xlv., 33.)
A Was disktl form,
Peri uer Pens with eid golden yellow.
Besser: & Co., er.)
anastrum cordifolium, Oliver.
ue Le uis 404.) Howmodoracez.
inch acro
“West tropici afri ica.
Prune masters rsiana, L. Linden. =
C. 1894, xv., 663.) Filices.
CIE for its thin stem, w Ad is
t. high surmounted ges graceful
frons cme » long, the bases of which
abitat Hit recorded.
(Horticulture Tntérceiiotdle 5
Cya
athea
1894, xv., 663.
2 ft. high,
shining”
le.)
(Kew.
a pygmea, is Linden. VU.
Vic about
onds s k green no
(1 Hortienlture datos
EM dium armainvilliense. (J.
894, 9.) Orchidee. S. A garden
hybrid Leishaow C. eburneum and C.
low
Box = yë
C. spl sylsdtied.
RKSE Be (Kk. 5.
Camspanialacess G.
species allied to
uberi a saara edible ;
stem climbi
lanceolate, 1 in. long ; flowers ae
. small, lilac. South Africa. (Kew
bn ^a v (O.
1894, 22.) one = "A garden
hybrid between C. spicerianum and
Curtisii, (United States E irseries. )
um Anton Jot (G.
pe e ae ZH garden
hybrid between C. NS um Ee C.
spicerianum. (A. Joly, Vienna)
ripedium a aer e E 1894,
xvi., 978)" 8 A ybrid
ciliare. (F. Sander & on
GS
C.
88
Cypripedium beechense. (G. C. 1894,
A garden hybrid
betven "C. Cu: tisid and C. superbiens.
(W. R. Lee.)
ad esrb Lec .
A garden hybrid
een (C. redi and C. Jo-grande.
G Waiter & Qe 0.)
ouium ee PRA f., var.
San erm. C. Xv;
(F. Sander & Co.)
Cypripedium calloso-Ar (0. R.
tod, 110): 5 A EM hybrid
e the two sis ict by the
(H. Graves, New Jersey.)
green at the base.
ri odium. — ei (L. t.
cyprip p S. arien ie prid between
C. spt wianum.
(L'Horticulture x mide A cg
C ripedtum Aenisianum, L. segs
Gh c6. - 189
437. ^
sellig and
tiouiture d internation
Cys —
n E E
C. Hooker
Graves, Ne Jersey.)
ripedium Eurydice. (R. H. 1894,
om eee A nni hybrid be-
een d leeanum superbum and C.
hirsutissimum
(0. R. 1994
C zum e ur OUR. I
spied cese,
brid iiid
C: rothschildiamum and È. harrisianum.
er.)
edium gibezian a:
Cyprip S.-- A ited hybrid between
C. (M
C. villosum and enustum. ad.
E. Gibez, Sens.)
Cypripedium Jarigeum (0... E
Yprip 365.) E rden hybrid
between C. insigne Chantini and d Io-
grande. (T. Statter.)
oie enr A
Godefroyz leucochi-
1894, igi
1894, xv., n T4 4e
A Meier with spotted i yu pea
an re white lip. «O. O.
ley. "s
ripedium Gravesig. A C. 1894,
298, fig. A garde
hybrid between C. A: s and C.
(H. Graves, New Jersey.)
o uen erm harri um, Rchb. f.
dé ms 1894, 935.)
Differs from the type in ee
—: flowers without
rple-brown markings. (H. er
Cypripedium Horneri. (O. R. 1894,
arden yim Aide
c. Boralli ‘call C. Argus. . (H.
Horner.)
Cy edem —
orton
336.
Wall, var.
xvi.
p SR Mility, peculiar in
having brown markings in the
flowers. "CP. McArthur.)
*Cypripedium insigne, Wall, var.
LER eos um. (L. E 414) G. This
m: "has bein n given to a series of forms
of nsigne f whic dis-
tiahi by their meu E
leaves and richly marked flow
Cypripedium | pos irator. EË
1894, 25. garden hybrid vé
tween C. ine erianum. var. superbum
and C. tonsum. (Jules Hye, Ghent x
C "Y Tr Io-s Mexsasiut., (0.
894, 143. A garden iii
vies the species indicated by the
e. (W. Vanner
oxpripedium Iri oi O. 1894, 8.)
arden ash ric Mena
m So ien d. C. ciliolare.
(M. en, Paris.)
um J. G. —— (O. R
barbatu (H. Low
Cypripedium — Ross. (O. R.
— 311.) - garden hybrid
between C. Mans . harrisi-
anum. (H. J. Toes) omaia
ipedium J. H. Veitch. (G. X
1894, xvi, 258, 287, fig. 40.)
o garden hybrid betwee Cur tis isit
d C. Stonei var. platjtbniiit. (Qr.
uie & Sons.)
(n. H. 1894,
"A gwen b hybrid 1 mai ium C.
oxalli ed us mum.
Varisteke, arban
Cypripedi um Laure. (0. R. 1894,
0.) S. ees ect hybrid between C.
villosum and C. superciliare. (R. le
oux.
ripedium leysenianum. (R. H. B.
B94, 169, t. 1894, XV.,
817.) 'A jue hybrid between
barbatum var. and C. bellatulum.
G de Hye, Ghent.)
Cypripediu Madame Jules Hye.
1894, 198.) à
warden hybrid between C. tons
C. spicerianum. (J. Hye, Ghent) -
39
Cypripedium Mme. Octave 0
Plc S. 1894, 310) S. e Opoix
eda between C. supere vifo and C
tveum ee Garden, Paria)
(O. R. 1894,
especies, (T. Statter.)
Cy maim Morganie var. lang-
yon (G. e 1894, xv. 84;
O Ri; ^ 1894; 19) .8& rd
hybrid between C. superbiens and C.
stonei var. platytenium. (J. Veitch &
Sons.)
Cypri ipòdium Nandi, -— P 1894,
xvi., ga hybri rid
iod C tme and C. suchas:
(R. J. Measures.)
Cypripedium oenanthum, Rchb. f.,
var. = unctatum. (O. R. 1894,
334.) S. A garden hybrid between
C. erant var. and
ttle.)
vat. (H.L
C. insigne,
ping m — sam C. e `
en hybr
betvid "C. eden Z^ c. dayanum.
(A. Joly, Vienna.)
Cypripedium Pelias. (O. R. 1894,
144. S. A Th gS hybrid between C.
haynaldianum C. insigne. (H.
Graves, New Jers
ci gemen payatzianum. (G. C.
R. 1894, 54) 8.
A rris Sabi hybrid between
(R.
C. callosum and C. Hookere.
Young.)
Cypripedium robinianum.
nd ^et B A rim ete
C: Pa rishii Lowii.
(L'Horüeultdre nerina )
dium trium — Mes
Cypripe xv., 198.) PS
ped ie between C. wna am y rrr
C. Sallieri genie: (J. Hye,
Ghent
cog eer Llo oyd. ege
731,
.swanianum. (P. Weathers.)
ki ite Winifred Hollington.
G: 1894, xv, 475, 495 fig.
oy B XE
. niveum and C. callosum.
are also the parents of C.
(A. J. Hollington.)
mpm W. R. Lee
xvi, 194. S.
zarden hybrid ui
Thes ese
Aylingü.
A garden
hybrid between C. ‘eb iad and C.
elliottianum. (W. R. Lee.)
*Cyrtanthus O’Brieni, Baker. (G
1894, xv., 716.) Am maryllidez.
Leaves linear, eontemporary with t
ower, which are e bright ni 1i in.
long, about eightin an umbel. $. Africa
(J. O'Brien.)
*Cyrto flexuosa, Rolfe. (K. B.
1894 PES.) Orchidee, S. A new
tne Pseudobulbs ovoid 1 in. ong,
ring four lincar elongate Baceid
leaves A 1 ft. long; scape erect,
1 ft. long, flexuose ; flowers n
across, white, with purple spots a
yellow blotch on the lip, East Trop.
Africa. (Kew.)
Del Iphini ium armeniacum, t mw ium
1894, 48.) Ranunculac
perennial species with azur eiie ower "
em eral habit of b is similar to tha x
Aj ut more robus
&
yb m (Haage * schmidt,
Erfurt.)
G. C.
Delphinium Emili, pe :
A dark
1894, xvi, 434.) ©
blue Lew m to La f igh, near
Fiegati C Cali-
(University of California.)
hoch
Ing
t. (i
Delphinium m ws m
1894, xlvi, 1.)
2-2 2i ft. high.
blue “spots on the upper se
America, (T. Smith, Newry.)
Dendrobium Arany. L (G. 7 1894,
tvy 475.) Ore
T hyb aid between "D: turin
"D. wardianum, (J. &
TON )
robium Augue Victoris,
Krinzlin (Gjl- 1894; 115) 8.
D as a new species but we
identified as D. veratrifolium, LdL,
native of New Guinea. (F. Sander &
Co)
(opium Cordelia. (O. R.
"oi E A, ype hybrid binii
euosmum leucopterum,
D. Veitch & Sone )
d C. 1894,
A garden hybrid
een D. fin dlayanum and D. nobile.
(J. Veitch & Sons.)
Dendrobium Doris. (O. R. 1894,
reed Bu X p dom between
D. arenan an moniliforme
kson.)
(N. C. Coo
Dendrobium Euryalus. O. R. 1894,
— S. e d hyii d between
Ainsworthii D. nobile. (J.
E & Sons.)
poo Ww wi ik sky |
gm N.
40
"Dendrobium DE SA Rolfe.
155.) new
5
ange. Moluccas
Veitch & Sons
Donafobium a Rolfe. (K.B
1894 i
B
blong acumin: lon
axillary, many flo ét; flowers
Mod -— and eus ale yellow with
_ purpl lip pandurate
3 €
lobe.*
Fontena
"Dendrohiui epranau, “om
1894, 189.) -S A
See silted o D. a ; psoudobulbs
2 ft. long ; leatas E iE. long, 14 in
egnier,
is short int recon
Some variation
among cultivated clits: Burma.
ow & Co.)
Dendrobium —— (O. R.
ps 203.) . 8. garden hybrid
etween D. Sar a and splen-
didissimum | grandiflorum, (G. Lut-
wyche.)
Dondrobiam. va ramus x mi
m. Hab, not recorded. (F. Sander
)
Dendrobium sande Srianum, Rolfe.
(K.
. B. 1894, 155.) new
species, most like D. Dearei, but with
larger flowers and the lip stained with
purple instead of n at the base ; they
are borne in axillary clusters of two or
three. Borne
—— ARR wem
species with slender pseudobulbs 14 ft.
DE ES -— 1 in. ong and short
a few flowers $ in. long
unit. sivi i brilliant of ora ng Moluceas.
J. Veitch & Sons.)
Dendrobium vee inia. (G. C.
Xy, 343 2 A ga arden hyi
D. 3 orme D.
Bensonie. (J. Veitch & Sons.
Dendrobium wardianum, Warner,
var. Lindeni». CL. t. 419.) 8. A
arge batch of ‘pure white flowers save a
large
of yellow st the base of
the labellum, (L/Horticulture Inter-
nationale.)
Dendrobium wur camo ibo
pictum.
S. A nod with pale amethyst
ine y paio eri the tals
white with crimson dips Mia lp bright
in eclbtie. (J. Broome.)
Dendro M wiganianum.
rid
ianum
C. Ashburtonie. (Sir F. Wigan.)
Deutzia discolor, Hemsl. ji io por-
rascens, (R. H. 44;
Jard. 1894, 147, fig. 64.) " Sexifra
A form with rose-purple tinted flowers.
Yunnan. (Jardin des Plantes, Paris).
Deutzia Lemotret; (Jard. 1894, 85.)
ybrid between D. gracilis and
D. Pioioi. (Lemoine, Nancy.)
*Dianella tasmanica, H ook. f., v
variegata. (Bull. Cat. 1894, 35
n æ. rak ae elegant plant "with
nsiform lea a foot or more long,
green, eid with yellow. Flowers
in a W Da branched panicle.
Terris CW. Bull.)
Dichorisandra acaulis, Cogn. (ZU.
H. 1894, 297, t. 19.) Commelipaceg.
plant with a
S. almost stemless
rosette of nearly sessile aen y leave
of an intense green with a large nr
of short longitudinal stripes of silvery
white; under surface deeply tinted with
le.
violet purple owers deep viole
blue. Brazil (L'Hortieulture Interna-
tionale.)
"Diotyospormá fibrosum, steal (Œ.
1894, 358.) | Palmeæ
opt 1 Palm, native of ar.
tem slender, about 5 igh, 24 in. in
diameter; leaves vare 5 ft. long
lin. wide; ‘frait sub- nee lin
diam. al name onitra. t Yiclds
Piassava fibre. (Ke w.)
Diervilla praeco: CLemoine
Catalogue, 1894) pirm an H,
A hardy sembling D. amabilis
in habit but eaii three
weeks earlier, Flowers with carmine
tube, fine rose limb and yellow throat.
(Lemoine, Nancy.)
or four
“Digs corea caucasica, Alboff. (G.
C. 1894, XV., Va
Taie
rage aspect like 7'am
Caucasus. (H. Correvon, Geneya.)
41
Disa Dior ^" C. 1894,
49.) Orchid Go garden "bud
between D. Veichii and D. grandiflora,
(J. Veitch & Sons.)
*D Disa langleyensis. (G. C. 1894,
35, ae 5) G
hybrid between D. tripetaloides and
D. racemosa. (J. Veitch & Sons and
Kew.)
*Disa pe Lindl. (G. M 1894,
xvi., Pe d pu) uw hand-
with strap- sibel ieri
pes
with spreading segments and a A
spur an inch long. Natal (Kew
“Drekie desmetiana, Baker.
Bromeliacez.
rmed with
e 2 ft. long,
de fuos lin.
long, red. Brazil. T
— ctus
andsome lar arge
gines tains of
Colorado. (Spaeth, Berlin.)
d terminal racemes or
racemose panicles of white flowete.
J. Berckmans, ta,
Georgia. (P.
Georgia.)
*Epiden Aram. Ella, | Rolfe. (K. wo
1894, 184.) Orchide
species with stems n ft. high, iva
4 in. lon dh Tacemes of rose-
colour with a yellowish crest
on the lip. © Golóetbl. (W. S. Ellis.)
*Epidendrum Harih Rolfe. (K. B.
1894, 157.) ui species,
allied to puren; epl n. long;
ied
leaves linear, 4 ; flowers in
branched beraat pedik mad "s hitish
idad. (Glasnevin.)
Epid dendrum Wallisio-ciliare.
894, xvi, 730.) S. A garden EA
between the two species indicated by the
name. (J. Veitch & Sons.)
Epilelia hardyana. (G. C. 1894,
xvi, 605, 629, fig. 80; O. = 1894,
36 4.) Orchidez.
hybrid between
and Lelia anceps.
G. garden
Y pidetden um ciliare
(F. Sander & Co.)
Eria cinnabaring, Rolfe. (K. B.1894,
188; .L. t 8.) Orchidee. S.
new species aliel to E. bractescens.
Pseudobulbs 1 in. long, leaves 6 in. long ,
racemes 4 in. long, e bs oe p
six a each a ith
lanceolate Lega We LE (4 ces dae
coloured rich c barorange. Borne
(L'Hortieulture . iaterantioeals: )
*Eriocnema Sanderz = d uar cvm
(G. M. 1894, 038, fig.
A eedling valet “of
tomacez.
(F. Sander &
Bertolonia Sila.
Co.)
*Erycina echinata, | mae (B. Y
7889.) Orchide SOain.
like little plant with Ad eis bear-
ing bracts and a 2-leaved pseudobulb,
x leaves ah in. long, green with brown
tripes Mer me axilary 6 in. long
üt a E enm ellow flowers
- nearly a inch in diameter, with a large
flat three lobed lip. Mexico. (Kew).
Eschscholtzia cucullata, Greene.
G Ci I89b eer 5
verace H. A remarkable species
with seiten leaves and small le
yellow ers. XN. California. (Uni-
versity of e California. )
emere maritima. (Gf. seien
is differs from E. californ
white leaves and in its
pw valde flowers with an orange
blotch at the e of each petal.
(Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt.).
eran um ne i eas MM.
2.)
species near E ipid. os wh Gini
differs by its narrow, lon
acute leaves, which are 2 ft. long ; ; Sca
short, an inch in diameter, raceme dense,
6 in. Pe» sem "rg flowers campan
posee iw & M Naples.
*Eu Pisos ai serrulatum,
"e
304, t.) Composite.
rub with shortly stalked, ‘right e ae
(R.
piet and c flowers.
Urugu André, Era aa anvain
France.)
Eurotia lanata, Moq. Spaeth Cat.
.1$94-5.) | Chenopodiace Hen |
erect shrub with thick- felted twigs and
"edel uper leaves, and reddish
Ww North Am
erica.
(Spaeth, Berlin. `
difolia. (G. C. 1894,
h
—. (G. Jackman & Sen: Wok
Fagus sylvati L., var. atro
ea VRohani, H Hort. vage
1894, ini a A form = garden
De nosing the leaves are similar
l : er the furi iubrel. Tun in
Es Pd but like those of the copper beech
EI colour, Masek, Sichrow.) |
AAN Tai .
Scape
42
!
“Fraxinus bungeana e. Vue e
. 1894, vi a fig. ‘
sma all tree longi g i E
group, a native of Northern
(Arnold ru tum
A
^ Ap e
China.
AE rhyncophylla, v (G.
Bod vie 404, ^8 0.34
A dde $3 easily distinguished from
other species by its winter bu hich
are globose, half an inch in Meet
E th broad scales covered coat
thick rufous tomentum
Ching &c. (Arnold Arboretum.)
oo pa. (R. H.. 1894, sé
175.) Onagrariee. G.
eed hybrid with pendulous rag
(Berger, Bagnolet, France.)
b Age Ang deer (M. G
A pre “hybrid
and F. corymbi-
Set T naa ill
& Pfeifer, Ronedorf,
— E ends
y)
Meri em Elwesii, Hk. f., var. un-
uicularis, Baker. (J. of H. 1894,
aridis 149. maryllidez. EA
variety of G. Elwesii, of erect
kabit, on €— Ad its claw- e^
segmen a Minor. (Whitta
Smyrn
“Galeandra A ec Er Sander.
Or-
id. a A age irae species,
with greenish sepals and large rose-
crimson lip.” (F. Sander & Co.)
orae albo- dut. Baker,
» 34.) Scitamineæ.
Trda in the way of G.
e
ith
bright yellow ; erian oa 9 in. long,
gre Andam (Kew.)
RR pem Baker. (B.
new species, allied
o G. longiora, W ai. Rootstock fleshy,
leaves, an inc
low with a red margin. Malay
(Kew.)
*Gazania bracteata, N. E. Br.
1894, xv. 620.) Com positæ
o
Geonoma decora, Lind. & Roc. At
H. 1894, 361, t. 23.) Palmex
A dwarf pinnate-leaved palm -
43
reddish-brown Jesistalks and a
eep green na eaflets. Habita
not recorded. "(U Horticulture m
nationale.)
Geranium ET Cav
1894, Xv., Geraniacete.
dwarf EA win L plant
leaves pa almost sessile, white and
purple a rad w Zealand. š
Correron, Genev:
Gerardia peniToHe, B ahl.
(GA. 1894;
"hi gh with Turn *
light green leaves and p violet Pent-
stemon-like flowers. Me
EI genie Nuttall.
1894, 244, 245, fig. 31
oneri. -
n
the capsule.
blue California. (Kew.)
"Gladiolus aurantiacus, Klatt., var.
rubro-tinctus, Ba (G. ze des
; “TH. A ety
angé yellow flowers thickly
dotted “all over with red. S. Afric
(Kew.)
Gisdiolng massiliensis. QE G. 1894,
of garden
G. psitta oM and G.
* (Delenil, Marseilles.)
— abyssinica, A. Rich. (B. T
894, 228.) Liliacex. S. p smaller
oi ing species than G. superba, but
with perianth segments twice as broad
as in that spec Abyssinia, (Dam-
Na ples 8.)
mann & Co.,
eur TE AC ionandrum, I e
eM 237, fig. — Celastrine
eii betw
ganda idis
jee E much branched, s -
leaved degens shrub with i eae ae
whiti flowers Colorado, &e.
acaethy Berlin.)
Sea ba sin woe ae
Verb s imbi bing
with he, habit of Ua. nd
or
Mag.
746.)
shrub
leaves
short dense
formed of the tei bracts and
irregularly ca yellow flowers
3 in. long. Phitppine Midas. (Kew.)
Grammate h Guilelmi I
P A ELS 114.) 1
dd. a new
species, but since » determined - ate to
. rumphian ve of
un,
eo, &c.. (Œ. Sander & Ce)
polygaloi ides, Hook. & Arn.
Graya
(Spaeth Cat. 1894-5.) Chenopodiacee,
ush with whitish twigs a
dun p Bored leaves ; eat
rose-coloured. Western North America
(peni, Berlin.)
Gymnogramme versati, (G. C.
1894, xvi, 446; G. FF. 1894,
433.) ilices. 8. veda to be
a hybrid between G. decomposita and
G. Pearcii robusta. (J. Veitch & Sons.)
Bae aes “ther raha , Sta -
B. 1894, 357.) Acanthac acem. S.
ort branching
mid ow
white, with purpie stalk. Pahang.
(Kew.)
TOR Mo saccharoides, H. & B.
Bot. Mag. t. 7352.) Graminem. $8.
A tai il , the x 12 ft. or more
high, 1 in. in diameter tthe ae =
bor ts ra Er stiehons leav: ft.
long b Panicle es ft.
long, — mod a = not —
the common P The h
are largely used for ‘the AME ot
rooms and are known as ** Uva Grass.’
TE
Tropical America.
"Habenaria carnea, var. pivoti Hort.
1894, 290.) Ore S.
e in iur i iie
flowers and
tead of ured
unspotted leaves. (W. L. Lewis & & Co.)
*Haemanthus candidus, rei err
ger" Cat. 1894, 3.) bug
A new species with c. habit “of
H coccineus, having large hea of ——
flowers on scapes 9 in. long.
Teawiviel. (W. Bull.) [This is H.
Allisoni, Baker.]
nthus Clürksi.
n H.
raised 3 Col. Trevor Clarke. (Kew.)
m rmm srgenteum, var mes
d Cat. —5.)
H. form ‘differing
from «e in its im rosy purple
Dea | Spaet th, Berlin.)
*Hedychium Elwesii, Baker. (G. T
1894, xvi, 152.) ecc ea. S.
A — ally of H. coronarium but with
A er fic cm ich golden valov
nelle Himalaya. (F. ander &
10.)
‘aii m wilkeanum. (G. C.
1894, xvi. ied S. A garden pis
between H. coronarium and H. gard-
nerianum, (Rotterdam B. G.)
Heisnthus prime t pe poc
H. un-
"ps id to attain a height of T ft:
-
in rich ground. Flower-heads yellow,
se cand size. (Kropp, Berlin.)
ee x L. Linden. (G.
Filices. S.
m x 2i in. in citeamerence, —
nearly 2 ft. high ; fronds large,
some. ? Brazil. (L'Hortieulture sane
nationale.)
oe esculentus, L., var. speci-
5, Hatt fH, 1294 632, fig. 111.)
Mat et> ome annual
with Net su ‘ies Be “oe flowers
blotched. with blood red at the base of
e peta
uer hs" Willd. Saa C.
alvaceze
in. a eke aes in short
tenia. racemes. trop. Africa.
(Kew.)
*Houlletia Landsbergi, Linden &
Reich. f. (B. M.t. rate. Te os cuc
S. First described in 185 onl
lately nathan rap Pseudo bal an
inch long, leaf 12 in. by 4 i
, orange,
vlde smaller and setm; lip na
iam four horn-like lobes, "white ‘trea
purple. Costa Rica, (Kew.)
pepe ongiflorum, A. Gray.
M. t. 7343.) Rubiacesm. § ne
a remarkable inseet-harbouring
i the base of me m being
n and —, and eue rua
as if hollowed out by maggots. The
stems proper in Code species are e terete
with optiwite ovate fleshy green leaves
and axillary clusters of white sessile
tubular flowers half an inch long. Fiji.
(Ke w.Y
menocallis Doleuilii 1 n af.
. 1894, 218.)
vigorous ca: with pem “Oh *
L ft. in
— bearing fan umbel of from 12
20 flowers, Cochin China. (Deleuil,
Marseilles.) [This is H. littoralis,
s)
"H moserianum
die. or. hers 1894, _186, ‘fis, A5
M nie has leaves
with white unà rosy-carmine.
(Léon Chenault, sem "i
* MMC E . Br. $^
1894 "i T Seiad.
stout hairy owes
wate leaves 5 in.
ry ain e ellipt in
oe € n rosae ime flowers, an
ng, hairy and coloured orange-
; ln < eom rx Veitch & Sons.)
Kerberii, Hort. (B. T. O
Convolvulaces.
PaT hetes” i.
44
A species with eee leaves and
clusters of vivid scarlet flowers which
completely cover the plant in Southern
Italy when cultivated in the n air.
South America. Tibia - r* f
Naples.)
nov nn Arce ce en Gt. 7. D.
6.) plant with cut
he aad a pilus m: of white, per-
fumed flowers. Temperate Brazil.
(Dammann & Co., Naples.) :
— Woodii, N. E. Br. (G. and
- F. 1894, 193; K. B. 1894, 100.)
S. t
bell-shaped rose-purple flowers. Zulu-
ew.)
land.
Iris Agatha. (Gard. 1894, xlvi.
197.) rides. H. A garden hybrid
between Z.iberica, var. and T. l
kowi venosa. (C. G. van Tubergen,
Haarlem.)
"Itis mo giis (G. M. 1894,
ri of H., 2 i. 38.) H. A
age ered, dar le Iris with
a — habit close : Pi iberica. Holy
Lan (T. S. Ware, Tottenham.)
mr Toparad. (Gard. 1894, . xlvi.,
19. H. Wt carm n hybrid o OE
doa I. paradoxa, (C.G
Tubergen, stanton m.)
Iris Eee eerie Pis, » alba. (G.
white form
with ane yellow — (T. S. Ware,
Tottenham.)
Iris Ae Desf. (Gard. 1894, xlvi.,
48.) H. Five forms of this species
are figured here.
Kalanchoe Cassio ia, Hort. (Gf.
1894, Sa Crassu G. A dwarf
succulent, wit th Echeveria-like co
toothed leaves. Abyssinia. (Damman
& Co., Naples.)
Kalanch seg XC. Britten. (W.
miS ando piss t 0. G. A species
sometim ing a height of 2 ft
and i Dam ir crenate obtuse leaves.
Flowers in panicles red or dark yellow.
Abyssinia. (Dammann & Co., Naples.)
Lelia amomna. (O. R. 1894, 334.)
Orchidex. Box en hybrid
between L. anceps and... pumila. (C.
Ingram.)
Ldl., var. ashworthiana.
(G. C. 1894, xv. 84, 103, fig. 10.)
Flowers snow-white with bluish
in the labellum, @Œ.
Lelia ance ^ e uM hollida pna;
(G. C. 1894, x MAT.
able for the ri crimson ening in ae
labellum. (F. Sander & Co.)
sanis elegans Rchb. f., var. nobilis.
1894, xvi. 257.) G. A
i. with flowers "s a clear rosy-
crimson tint. (F. Sand si ge
——— als (J. O.
G. A hybrid,
a ne. ot which are not given.
(L’ Horticulture Internationale.)
Lælio-Cattloya broomfieldiensis.
(G. C. 1894, xvi., 194, 223, fig. 33.)
a
aurea, var. chr ysotora. (M.
Lelio Cattleya Cauwenberghei. CL.
428.) G. A garden hybrid supposed
z be between aiio
Lelia purpurata,
Internationale. )
ee Cattleya t Clonia. (G. C. 1894
granulosa and
de Horticulture
rden hybrid
ed Fe ae lia lioe Turneri an
M ya Warscewiczi. (J. Ve itch 4 e
s.)
aT Ae re corbeillensis. CR. H.
garden hybrid
Pee 6. ) Loddigesi Ee C. dayana
marginata. (C. Maron, France.)
Lelio- Cattleya Decia. (G. C. 1894,
x 870, 699, fig. 89.) G. A garden
hybrid between Lelia Perrinit and
eh be dowiana aurea. (J. Veitch
& Sons.)
(O. R. 1894,
en hybrid be-
tween Lelia harpophylla and Cattleya
Triane. (N. C. Cookson.)
— Doris.
1.)
wage Frederick Boyle.
c xv., 663, 809, fig. 105.)
e vi hybrid between
dn and C. Triane. (F. Sander
& Co.)
Der Hon. Mrs. Astor.
(G 894, xv., 230, fig. 24; R.
t
G. A variety of L.-C nim ee
able ke: the rich plum eolour of its
flowers. (L’ Horticulture Internation-
slc)
Lzlio-Cattleya Parysatis. (O. R.
1894, 310.) G <A garden hybrid
between Cattleya bowringiana and
Lelia pumila. (J. Veitch & Sons.)
45
Lalio-Cattleya pittiasta,
1894, xv., 264.) sup
natural hybri id Sila Cattleya —
EG. and Lelia grandis. (F.Sand
0.)
um a
E NC = ~ (J. 0.1
: rid the Saino ‘a
ich ty poe Pde (L'Horticulture
ice )
Lelio-Cattleya schillerian:
tata. (OR. 1894, 237; L. acu)
nt easu
however it uced flow flushed
with rose. (L’Horticulture Taternik:
ale.)
Lælio-Cattleya T Timora., (G. ME 1894,
M. 1894, 405, fi G.
pumila var. day (J. Ve itch &
s.)
Son:
eiat a Wellsiz. (G. C. 1894,
78.) garden hy brid
n Lelia orp and Cattleya
labiata, var. (M. Wells.)
ety 105) M S E A 1894,
hybrid
wee a ae | Cattleya
Mendeli. Er Vaiteh Y Sons.)
Lanium vocans dd T ee 189
392.) Orchidee eric
with small linear Mong" ini udobulbs,
short leaves and racemes bearing
green flowers with minute red-brown
dots. Brazil. (Major Gen. E. S.
eley.)
*Lathyrus letiflorus, Greene. (G.
C. 1894, xv. 398.) Le
H.H. Ap
with
‘ase
*Lath violaceus i
fh 398.) B
from
white
er (i As of Californie)
(G. C.
les
alifornia, UK. "high h, with
racemes of violet ie tinal a TAS
td of cene 3
osa, Blume. (K. B.
rm ew Osa,
Xem 3 20 Filices, S. Anepiph
fern a cr i
t Leaves pinnate
ong. It s allied to Poly-
podium,
nae ina Mannii, Hook. f.
. 7367.) Rubiaceme. S. A branch
igh with oblong leathery
i lowers i
(B. M.
m ect
zo
corolla tube 4 in. long and five spreading
(Kew
ange ieia purpura, C.Gay. yaara d.
1894, xlvi, 144.) Liliaceæ.
bulb with grassy leaves, -— E
i lavender
bearing an
maroon ems Soie ( Max Leichtlin,
Baden.)
*Lilium Browni, var. jeucant thum,
Baker.. (G. 4C. 1894, xvi, 183.
Liliaceæ . A distinct variety, the
flo being wi
and the leaves are bro th
ype. Western China.
Lissochilus graniticus, tlds
(B. 1. O. 1894, 229.) Orchide
A handsome terrestrial orchid with large
leaves and tall spikes
s of golden-yellow
-— violet E Abyssinia. (Dam-
ann & Co., Nap ma
Lobelia Dortm Hort. (W. G
1894, 459, fig. en Cimpunalace G.
Apparently a L. Erinus.
orm
(Dammann & Ge Naples)
mr mp. Gera (R.-H. B. 1894,
sedet hybrid B wea
i
é japilla and cardinalis.
(Chabanne, Lyons.)
eee agg wem (G.
F. 1894, ds Capri-
fo iac fre ed
bush Di: allied to L. Miren
Flowers yellowish-white ; fruit orange
red. (Arnold Tibort à
*Lowia maxillarioides, Ridley. (B.
M. t. 7351.)
ginger-like plant with tufted distichous
laneeolate leaves ng and loose
short panicles of flowers in which the
three large purple se and the odd
large pur pals
green lip-like petal are suggestive of an
orchid. Malay Peninsula. (Kew.)
Lunaria biennis, Moench. -
ta. (Jard. ie 29,
Te. wit iet broadly
margined with dios i-e e. (Vil-
morin Andrieux & Co.)
*Lupinus fallax, Greene. (G. C.
1894, a = Leguminosæ. H.H.
A mental bush, 3-5 ft. high,
foliage and spikes of viole
Mt. 'lamalpais, Californ
(University of California. )
Lupinus Micheneri ea (G. C
: Rx Xvi., E Her baceous
s perennial of eia Ses prostrate wu
with d ull purplish or
Made (University
varie-
Cruci-
with Romer
jm. erii Ne
lobes 24 in. long. Tropical West Africa.
2)
46
Lycaste eS Eee (G. C.
1894, xvi, 118, fig. 18.) Orchidex.
os A garden hybrid between L. giga.
(Emperor of
S.
and LZ.
Austrie. Schónbrunn. i
Magnolia biflora, Hort. (R. H. 1894,
us ee H. H. A garden
M. ds jflora. (Treyve,
"TORUM France
*Mallotus ae Muell.
. 1894, 108
A bush or
ordate-acumin leaves and incon-
sickens antait flowers. Has proved
hardy at Toulouse. (Bonamy, Tou-
louse.)
ago ei oats — (Gf.
of the "xoa Pape m species a with Sire
ink flow: inch in diameter.
Sins Cakes & Schmidt, Erfurt.)
Mammillar Purpusi Schum.
(Spaeth "Cot 1894-5.) 'H. A new
— Seed thickly beset with irme
and red flowers. Mountains of
Coli (Spaeth, Berlin.)
Mammillaria spae Schum.
been Cot. 7 . Similar
arma and flow o M. Pur-
jet bat- dete "hiobods in form.
Mountains of Colorado. (Spaeth,
Berlin.)
Maranta, fascinator, Lind. & Rod
eth H. 1894, pad t ko. Scita-
dw cies with
dialek leaves trancate R^ the base
and slightly acuminate at the tip,
purple beneath ; E EN: -colour of upper
surfaee dark green, silvery towards the
nde pale Exe "towards iei edges,
nerves a fine red. Brazil. (L'Horti-
culture Internationale.)
Maranta — E. Morr.
Vars. (G. C. 1894, xv. . 683.)
Plants w m fag te r to he: varieties of
$ sangeana is a variety o
kalor, Ka: Brazil.]
Masdevallia Asm
a
hybrid ‘bet M. Chelsoni and
M. rei VN veia vnm (J. Veitch &
Sons.)
nae Doris. (O. R. 1894,
A gereon, prie between
M.
ota =
(G. C. 1894,
Masdevallia Jessie Winn. (O.
94, 3. gar
ges zi tovarensis and
(C. Winn.)
ee os rome Ames. (G.and F.
6.) G. A garden hybrid, be-
M. gáiriana.
. Davisii.
ea. an
(OW. oend Mass.)
n an Lindeniz, Cogn. (J.
2.) Orchidez. nox ben
fil. large-flowered vigeen with -
white risanki
au
culture Internationale
Maxillaria mirabilis, Cogn.
4173-O: R. 1894; 75) G- X
a
marginal row of s
pat ae ik a
(Horticulture
b. not recorded,
Internationale.)
Maxillaria sanderia var.
fuersten las ox rege (6 C.
1894, xv., 526.) variety in
e ch the flowers are vory white, bes
only very few pale pump spots o
the petals. (F. Sander & Co.)
ium nummularia, m
n. long, 1
8 inui purplish RUE
Cameroons. Gesnsen)
buds CK.
w species,
Pseudo
oblong, long; in. long.
flattened, licec ey: green and pur-
ple flowers East Tropical Africa.
(Glasne
*Megaclinium triste, dee (K. B.
1894, w species,
emis seh erg Pseudo-
ulbs trigonous, o oblon; i 2 in. je
dae ges blong 5 1 cape
about oot long, inis, club E eee d
black- e, umerous
smt el pur tl flowers. > Tropical
. Africa. rcm
Melia Azedarach, 1, vr. _umbrac
uli-
fera. (G. and JI. 1894, vh, 92,
U 89179.
=
47
R. I
arden hybrid be-
ig. 20) ` Meliac G. The charae-
teristic habit of this variety is signalized
I Miconia velutina; Lind. & Rod. (IU.
Me
1894, i24 A lastomaceze.
"a ‘ian sone foliage plant with
brownish ae stems, red leaf- vu and
rs Bess n above purple
- Brazil. (L'Honienltare
ard acean 3
Miltonia bleuana a lior.
1894, xv., 366 ;
Ore hi dew ^
a Sey hybrid be
and ezlii. i Sander & Ce
Miltonia bleuana rosea. (G
511. G.
ety, wers being blush
with an eye- like purple blotch
Meg Ted lines in the blotch. (J. Hye
Ghent.)
Mormodes Cogniauxii, L. Lind. (J.
1894, 125.) Or vemm g. The
is are somewha did esa those.
T M. rolfeanum to ora xA hart tg
general resembla
(i Horticulture die sinsa )
deir
*Musa auran
ied to
but "with bgt yellow
flowers. Assam "ibevotibstsen.)
— eti ui aene. AL (0.
8.) gin H A
1
CH Correvon, Geneva
“Myroams nana, Baker.
xv., 652.) Scitaminez.
speeies, . remarkable for
habit a
(G. C. 1894,
. A new
apt ban
n dense jeee spikes.
(Kew w.)
Narcissus cernuus
7 275.)
x triandrus
(Engleheart
MD cyclamineus C derart
C. 1894, xv., 332, fig. 39.)
UK hy brid of intermediate charaeter
between its two parents. (G. Engle-
heart.)
Narcissus triandrus x ` poe eticus
> yg 06 ef (G. M. 1894, 275.) HE
ntermediate in character
(Engleheart.)
B
y
s dade the two parents,
48
N epenthes mixta, var. gangui nea.
(G. 1894, xv 31 Nepen-
thac SoA riety ih pitchers
bolinmed dark red cea: (J. Veitch &
Sons.)
ne appendiculata, Baker. (G. C.
894, xvi. "ip Am ee G.
mar species, sho ming a new type
of Vrüetare in da genus, the taient
having each at the base outside a strap-
shaped process with two to four long
apical <a bit and in the size
and colour e flowers it agrees with
N. Ses eA, Natal. (J. O’Brien.)
(G. C. 1894,
N t emer wer
0.) hybrid
A garden
CN curve and N. pudica.
me C. Bcriokland
*Nenwiedia Grifithii,. oia f. e
in spikes 3 in. long. Malacca and
Perak. (Kew)
enne i Lindleys RoMe. (B.M.
Q: 894, 70.) S. A
adi: dii erect ih 3-4 ft. high, with
ep a i i
an e
stalked sobs Gehe flowers an inc
long, golden yellow. Malaya. (Kew.)
Nidularium Innocenti, Lem., var. fol.
luteo var. (ZU. H. 1894, 73, t. 5.)
na bng S. "This differs from
the type in having the leaves sg
ng t
with longitudinal lines and bands of
ye SINN, A epus TU DM In-
ternationale.)
*N hea parkeriana, Lehm
and TT. 184, 164.) Nyimphieaces.
f
flowers with yellow stamens.
(Kew.)
Guian
niet
ex. G. A su gone natural
hyb ra tween O. crispum and O.
Faea Syn. O. crispum mirabile.
Baron Schröder.)
Odontoglossum pripr aureu
Williams. (O. A.t. 489.) G. Difera
from the type in “hay ving the si re
(
otched with greenish yellow. (B
Williams & Son.)
crispum, Lindl. var.
(L. t. 420.) G. A
Odonto
(ecd i Coradinei, ae: mi-
e. ,
spotte: :
@inato lossum Seeder, Ldl var.
my e-macu (O. R. 1894,
G. gre ar, and beautiful
light. coloured spotted fers with very
broad segments. (Baron Schróder.)
RD OGIDUHER erispim Ldl.,
G.-C, 1894, XY., 539.)
X variety with spotted sepa als,
plain-edged eoncave petals with bands
of bro (H. Low & Co.)
oana frispum, LdL, var.
cellatum G. A
Vane, wit vith ice iu spots eny
scattered over the segments. (L'Hor
ticulture Internationale.)
Odontoglossum crispum, Ldl, var.
waltonense. (L. t. 416.) G. A
variety with large full flowers, tbe
TET tune ones n wavy and coloured
white ground, oe
large be d DACH. (L'Hor
pie: pE me e.)
lossum crispum l, di
wrigle hae Mill
493.) hope variet with PAM heavily
blotched flowers, me blotches of a plum
red colour. (O. O. Wrigley.)
Odontoglossum deltog] eum. Ste-
vensii (O. = — 115 2) A
variety ched panicle e Tight
yellow flowers pepe vith red-browa,
except on the petals which are ncaefy
unmarked. (W. Thompson.)
immi imm excellens, var. har-
vingten (O, R. 1894, 112;
1894, 2.) G. A variety wit
large jme e flowers coloured light
O. sceptrum. (Comte de Bousies
Odontoglossum ^ Imperatrice de
Russie. (J. O. iv., 360.) `G. Sup-
pesed to be an natural hybrid e
O. Ha lli and O. polyxanthum,
tat not recorded. (M. Da ein
Rambouillet.)
Odontoglossum nebulosum, Lindl.,
ile. (2. t. 450) G: A
escatori u^ riera
v GL. E 2). G.
pes variety with dee white xc nd
petals, and the = copionsly blotched
witb purple. (M. A. Chaber, Brussels.)
Odontoglossum Rossii dl, var-
erre m, Ro » oe R. 1894,
189) G a Aeee in which every
trace of spotting has vanished from the —
and the sepals pale pink. (O. O.
Wrigley.)
*Oncidium brevilabrum, mae!
B. 1894, 158.) Orchidew
new —— with ovoid ctione 2 in.
es
€
long, M ong, a
many-Aowered dandedis r Might yellow
flower ed with brown and 2$ in. in
Fire. not recorded.
Habi
(L’Horticulture Internationale.)
A Rl Rolfe. (K. B.
2 451 First
(1? Horticulture Internationale.)
Oncidium lucasianum, Rolfe. (K.
B. 1894, pe G: GC. "2 XV.,
475, 497, fig. 6 1.) G. A new species
with ovate diphyllous sited 2 in.
and erect loose racemes of golden
way of O. mar-
not recorded.
73 Sander & Co.)
Oncidium refractum, Rchb. f. (O. R.
1894, 229.) G. escribed in 1854
eultiva-
n
d lip
Colombia. (A. Van ap Rica ‘Ghent
omuium wheatle anum, Hort. (G.
1894, xvi., G. Probably a
varie " of "o. Gas urple-
brown sepals and petals, the Hp. wallow
edged with brown, and the crest large
and purple. (F. Wheatley.)
Ornithidium fragrans; Rolfe.
1594. 157.) Orchidem. G. A n
, but has
Eo leaves and few but larger
flowers; the latter are whitish suffu
with purple and are fragrant. Habitat
not recorded. (F. Sander & Co.)
*Ornithidium nan aa ~ ae
ae 1894, 395.) yer 'A new species
very small paca, leaves
m scapes in. long, and small
yellowish flowers. West Indies. (Ke -
Pancratium trianthum, Herber
(Be TO. aa 229.) Mea tite.
S. A specie globose bulb 1 to 2
six n
a foot long.
bearing one to three white flowers in an
U 89179.
(K. B.
19
=
E
Phaius €
— e. res Africa. (nudum
es.)
rü Hort
GC T. Tor 1894, YD) Prem ramineg. H.
amental a l grass about a
herbe in in height, Axijtatnis. (Dammann
& Co., Napl
Pentstemon n Gordoni, vax Vind ig. d
CW. 1894, 46 9, fig. Ko
Bere
with large dark mun fub raved
and Schmidt, Erfurt.)
Phaio-Calanthe Arnoldiz.
1894. xv., 84.) . Orchidee
LY hybrid between s grandifolius
d C. Regnierii. (F. Sander & Co.)
Phaius — "e C. Pg de
g
: gri Elion and ` P.
«CF. Sander & Co.)
(G. C. 1894, xv.,
variety of P. bicolor
colour
qe
539. S.
with flowers d a rich dark
(F.
Sander & Uo.)
— owenianus. (G. C. 1894,
663, 787, fip. 102) S. A
ue hybrid between P. bicolor
Owenia and P. Humblotii. is plant
was awarded the prize given by the
Royal Horticultural ety for
hybrid orchid of 1894. (F. Sander &
Co.)
Phalaenopsis Vesta. (G. C. —
xv. 343.) A S.
hybrid between a leucaspis ar
P. Aphrodite. g. Veitch & Sons. )
Phyllagathis hirsuta, Co Ae age
1894, 41, t.
=
species of the bps but differin
them in the v rt broadly rounded
nearly quite
Borneo. (L’Horticulture
tionale.)
notata aK "Gai, av, "
p a 308)
CR xe
punctata. Japan.
Prancheti, Mast, (G. M.
er bladder
(J. Veitch & Sons.)
Phytolacca à "pec L. var. luteo.
André. (R 894, 471.) Phyto-
cue. H. re eos only differing from,
Cc
the type in having the leaves a pale
yellow, striped and spofted with bright
| (Treyve-Marie, Moulins, Allier,
nce.)
dde 2.)
neculent
euentus, cylindraceus,
Labiatæ. As what
sub-shrub with eal roundish leaves a an -—
byssinia.
lilae flow (Dam
& Co., Naples .)
“Plectranthus ation Schweinf.
rostrate
trated, heart-shaped
estis spotted flowers.
Abyssinia. rebas nn & Co., Naples.)
"Flectranthus herbaceus, Schweinf.
G. 1894, 2. G. An erect
du with white-haired,
Abyssini a. (Damm
TC TED marrubioides, Hochst.
(G. C. 1894, xvi.,
fleshy. Abyssinia
(Dammann & Co.)
Footrantius Trac den iru Spr.
[d W. iza 18 1.) A dense
growi T bush with walked Rebbe
t ati aves and dense red
whorls = small blue flowers. aun
(Dammann & Co., Naples.)
Pleurothallis inflata, Rolfe.
1894, 154.) Orchidex. G.
r p eem e stems 6 ins. lo
6 ins. long, 1 in. wide, and solitary
whitish, flowers. Colombia. (F. S
- der & Co.)
(K. B.
Pleurothallis Kränzlini, Sander.
(G. C. 1894, xvi, 103.) G. “A
singular little species, with pretty
purple and silver-white flowers.”
eM not recorded. (F. Sander &
Pleurothallis ——— -
K.
species allied to P. testefolia, leaves
= in ong, f fleshy ; raceme 3 in.
long, ime small green —
purple flowers. "Brazil. CW. L. Lew
& Co.)
Podochilus caratus. Em
(K. B. dene fat) Or hidez.
A new oP. snopes.
wide, raceme 1 in. ; ers ;
. white and purple. Borneo. (L'Horti-
Pogonia perius, Rehb. 0 3G
1894, 325.) Orchi S. Stem
erect, high with alternate ovate
oblong pid leaves and two or three
large purple apical flowers, not unlike
those ofa Bletia. Brazil. (F. Hardy.)
er hi Ser dE el aa Rolfe. ` (K. ue
spesies riti Meere wey M
ong, each beari ceolate
Colombia. (Sir T. Lawrence.)
P eidcm, reme mi (G.
894, . 1894, xlv.,
The fro
nne are wavy
and crested. tf Veitch & Sons.)
Polystachya villosa, Rolfe. (K. B.
4, 393. r
1894, ) chide
species with linear-lanceolate leaves 10
in. long, and an erect sca in.
bearing small hairy white flowers with
purple Trop. Africa
O'Brie
Prunus ortho osepala; Koehne. (G.
and F. 1894, Ny 4.)
t. h
through. Flowers white, with exsert
—(——— stamens; fruit glo
abou nch in diameter
rigid i about
skin very dark blue or nearly blac
glaucous bloom, thick j Juicy yelow flesh
of good flavour and qua Texas.
(Arnold Arboretum.)
a Depo Sargent.
1 134,
Ten ,
of an inh i in onem 2€ eim
(G. and
bright jui juicy yellow heal, which, ja ong
slightly cae, is edible, and sometimes
mere . Kansas, &c. qu old
eU amens etum
Pyrus Ts ei onoskii, Maxim. (G. a
F. 1894, vii, 54, fig. 9.) Ros
cee “The pak indigenous pear-
di iscovered in
in ral pact the em pire, h
me UB NM naturalized." Tiai
m.)
Arbore
Quercus pedunculata,
Ahlfvengr
451.) Cupuliferg.
the Pyramidal or “ Cypress
Ehrh. var.
env c.
3 var.
its ak
Quercus pedunculata,
Doumeti S E s
~ Os of che” co
oak with la diated “leave es, (Torte, 3
Moulins (Allier), France.)
eee ari Ford qu, d Zr
gets
Ericacee. pis pedo near
R. Fortunei, with d mg green obovate
leathery leaves 3 long and loose
ng à
clusters of white Sewers 2 in. in diameter.
China. )
Reis Sot) Ge ald oe
to
"i hac a shrub 3 ft. or
e high wit gibst stems, oblong
lanceolate awe 3-4 in. long and ter-
minal heads of tubular flowers 1j in.
long, coloured creamy white with a
e of rose on the reflexed lobes
(Kew.)
ar Hore.
Chia.
*Rhododendron lee meu res e Hook.
f. var. roseum C. 1894, xV.,
dg 9. G Differs from the type in hav-
ing twice as many flowers in an umbel
and coloured soft carmine-rose. Perak.
(Kew
*Rhododendron Mesue, ug var.
189
m. n
684. G. Differs por the i
-- longer thicker ose and hate
corolla 5 in. long, colour dull
rons outside, pale bluish inside. (Kew.)
Be ery ie Sohl ippenbachii,
(G. C. 1894, Xv., 469, fig.
is. gor 1894, Xlvi, pl.972; B. M.t.
75.) E ‘A dec iduous species related
sinensis, stems 5 ft. high with
o "Cad -—
rosy-lilac ‘Oss.
churia and Japan, a š ' Veitch & liom)
*Ricinus zanzibarensis, Hort. (Gf.
1894, 75, fig. 20.) Buphorbiace. =
castor-oil plant in which t
said to be much larger
shape from those of R. com
leaves are bright green with “whitish
(Haage
pis “tilerent i in
veins. East Tropical
& Schmidt, Erfurt.)
*Rubus japonicus tricolor, Hort.
(G. P BT tH; 96, f. 15)
Dose H. x 8 lender-growing trailér
with stems and leaf-stalks e rose colour ;
young leaves pink, older v rie with
white. (J. Veitch & Sofis O
Rubus pov px ag —
Nes to the Barbir br
No t eti America. (Spaeth, Berlin)
Saccolabium lo
(K. yo "1894, a
—
ci
Orchide:.
A new — allied to S, compressum.
alcaratum, Rolfe.
S
51
Stem short, leaves 4 in. "e 1i in
Mia raceme piel long, many
small, pinkish
Obickevent k "Co 0.)
wi
6 ft. high, large cordate
terminal spikes, 6 in. long, of blue
rs over an inch long. Ecuador.
w.)
Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Torr
(Spaeth Cat. 1894-5) Chance asa.
H. A white decries thorny bush with
narrow linear leaves. Western North
America. Granth: Berlin.)
Sar “a ge crassifolins, Holl. s
396.) Orchidee
bed ies with a clim ps
ovate-oblong fleshy leaves and
vn "od = as a few small velista
b. not known. (A. Van
halt Md)
po
Sarracenia Willisii. (G. M. 1894,
410 Sarraceniacee
hybrid between S. ‘Courtii and
gar rden
(J. Veitch & ehe )
S. melanorhoda.
PEE icula ogl. (G.
C. 18 RN ‘ee ig m fig. 68.)
Saxif . Thisi is the plant vee
has been qo ens as S. lut
purpurea, Hort. Itis a Ain hybrid
between SS. scardica and S. aretioides.
Schomburghia rhinodora,
im (G. C. 1884, si,
dot recorded.
*Scutellaria form N. E. Br.
SC z 1894, xvi., 212.) Labiatæ
Sons and Kew.)
identified with S. javanica. ]
Selenipedium Helenæ. (G. and eA
eae) Orchidem. S. A gard
hybrid between S Wallisii and S
leucorrhodum. (W. Robinson, Mass.)
Selene an Stella. (O. R. 1894,
10.) A garden hybrid between
S. ies and S. Sehlimi. (F.
Sander & Co.)
52
owen kleinioides, wre G. C
1894, xvi, 34.) Composite G.
Allied to S. anteuphorbium, but with
flower heads and flat obovate-
smaller
cuneate leaves. Abyssinia. (Dammann
& Co.)
i "Renecio lexifpling, Buchanan. d. M.
1894, xvi, fig. 43 (as
rM ai s H. A small much
branched shrub with leathery oblong
leaves 2 in. ane green t =
beneath ; ers in erect terminal
panicles, sallow New Zealand. (W.
E. Gumbleton.)
Rd molests. aoe CK. B
1894, 158; G. 4, Xvi., 726,
91 y Orchide i ru r new
allied to Brassia, with the h
Trichopilia. Pseudobulbs linear oblong,
broadly lan
monophyllous; le Ae road Y ceo-
late, raceme 1 9 HL long.
lothed t Haee
ellow flowers an inch in diameter
Colombia. Major Joicey and Sir
Trevor Lawrence.)
*Sesbania exasperata S
M. = 7384.) nino A
shrub 8-10 i igh with slender
innate incon ong
mes of large ctam et
>
race
renim coloured golden
spots of red on the back of the standard.
Trop. America. (Kew.)
Sicana atropurpurea, André.
1894, 108, £2 heces
This differs f
= bes ina.
Sobralia mcranth
894, 236.)
kinsoni, Kajla: 4
T stiful "variety
D, oe m5 ac flowers, the lip
Sender & C pe and orange,
o.)
sessilis, Lind. (B. M.
eseribed y, Dr. Lindley
wd wits poe
tiv and
true S. ses
with red tubercles at the base, vate-
€— and C pei 3 in. across,
red, the on.
British
bralia Veitchii. (G. C. 1894,
xvi., garden hybrid
between S. antholen euca and S
crant ACD "Veitch & Sons.)
n , Hort.
CENT fig. 7 ficiicdce
A bush about a a yard high with
paregat
green violet-stalked lyrate leaves and
t e
bright blue flowers followed by larg
depressed globose canary-yellow fruits.
(Dammann & Co,
Sonaram muticum, N. = Br. (K.
6; Gf. 189 170, t
entum.
violet ve fruits niei seii d size
of a haz A bus
-— 73 s w^ A
a score years ago
Bat since then lost until Fe-iltroinoed
a en or two ei Paraguay. (Dam-
n & Co., Naples.)
Solanum texanum, Dun., var. ovi-
erum, Hort. Meet Cat. Due.
18; fig.; ; Jard. 1894 fig. 11.)
G. A haf -shrubby | Pade ° with
the habit of S. texanum, but with ovoid
fruits as large as an egg, ck aes red
whe " ripe. (Vilmorin, Andrieux, &
Co., B ris.)
— eximea. (G.
894, xvi, 378.) Vider C
garden hybrid between Sophronitis
grandiflora aud Cattleya bowringiana.
(J. Veitch & Sons.)
pie! = niger io — (G. C. 1894,
1894, 333, as
Sante: ‘Lilia tn Lk garden hybrid
between Sophro
nitis sind: ora and
Lelia pumila var. dayana. (J. Veitch
& Sons.
ÁN E gas. Rolfe. d
6.) S. This
lobed and ery! formed lip. The
flowers are 2 in. wide, bright yellow,
i red on the inside
Borneo. (F. Sander &
*Stanhopea nigri es, Rolfe. (K. B.
1894, B64.) chidez. A new
os:
Ic
lip ; medien mi petals yellow, Th
many small purple Molelim and a
of black eye-like spots on the kroi,
` the cavity being also black. Habitat
not known. ew.)
Stapelia albicans, —— I es
1894, 235, fig. 29.) pip eer
An aibino form of S. weg ta, Todas
(Da:
n & Co., Nap
Sta prenger. a G.
1894, p irn G. A form similar |
variegata, but with spots con-
fluent in to Jongitoðinak stripes. Origin.
not recorded. Dammann & Co.
Naples.)
Btanro sis ili inensis Lindley.
(O ap. Ta SUP rchideæ. 5
ae with elliptical o oblong leaves
1} in. long ; quee 1 in. across solitary
fr i s and
red-brown, lip bá rple and white, with
Day).
a hairy keel. Philippines. (G. E.
peeenewpertiatinm, ntulticvuls uin
(G 1894, xv., 683.)
E "8. By Sed ipe finest species
genus. Stems 6 ft. high,
leaf nd Y 12 in md 5 in., with
p ong. Ped
in. long, s spaties? in., white. Colombia.
Syn uceanum var. multovulatun,
Engler. T. Sander & Co., and Kew.)
Ve ibi ue pee tmn Hoo
high, with f
large palmately lobed leaves and lateral
racemes springing from t d part of
t owers numerous, } i
yn. S. meocaledonica, Hort. New
Caledonia. (Kew.)
Stre (Cr Hchtongternensis.
"b M Gesne
ri-
SA, oed pee
S. Wen Sis i bo S. Wats
(Lauche, Moravia.)
PHitrophastaus petersianus Kitt,
andiflorus. (B. M.t. 7390.)
eav n.
cime “ot erect bell-shaped red and
yellow flowers, the corolla lobes droop:
ing and len ngt ened into
8in.long. Delagoa Bay. (Kew.)
Syrin m Sih et f
figs 1 137, 138.) Oleaceæ
monstrous form of the common lilac.
cama et Josem, Chálons, Marne,
ce.)
"D rix ida, Willd. R. H:
us T 552, A" Tam rae This
T the correct name of the plant Jants
chamz-
[R. H. 1894, 370,
H A dwarf
med in
x M under the name of T. k
garı
*Thomsonia nepalensis, Wall. (B. M.
t pa Arnie: Dé An —
h rite plant, having a large
3 erem tock, an annual leaf 2 ft.
high gh with a trisect pinnatifid blade
ft.
high, ouitg a greenish-yellow boat-
53
shaped spathe nearly a foot long, and
an erect yellow spadix nearly as long as
the spathe. Himalaya. (Kew.)
"Thunia brymeriana, Rolfe. bue B.
1894, 156 ; R. t. 89.) Maren S.
droo
argo me the ip yellow with radiat-
ing Burma. (F. Sander
Thunia veitchiana var. gt
(G. C. 1894, xvi., 49.)
A rid between 7. ‘veitehiona ng T.
Bensonia. (J. Veitch & Sons.)
Tigridia violacea, ee (G. M.
1894, m: B. M. t. 7356.) Iridez.
H.H, A species with linear leaves and
violet coloure a Aat ers, with deeper
markings. Mex
bn pma e (G. C. 1894,
a tree fern fro rd Howe’s
Island. Itis apparently identical with
T. grandipinnula (G. 86, xxv.,
752). (W. Bull.)
*Trichocentrum SAN — = B.
1894, 395.) Ore new
species allied E: T pe Bee ; yita
h 1 2 in. ] 1 in.
tong ;
long; flowers 1 in. in diameter, t
yellow, the lip white and red -brow
Venezuela. (Kew.)
io. wi cladus grandiflorus,
Oliver
G. C. 1894, xvi., 134.) Hamamelidex.
G. A handsome tree, ^ yA high, bine
lane clade green leaves 6 in. long, an
Short clusters of vii dover with
strap-shaped petals a ong. The
genus is allied t to the Witch Hans. S.
Africa.
*Trichopus MYNBiUM, mn rne M.
t. 7350.) Dioscore
rous wiry
gonous stems each bearing a —
lanceolgte leaf 2} in. long, and ral
verte qe e flowers on se
8.
India aad c s (ew)
Trichosma suavis, Lindl
- meu-
Cogn. (QJ. "o. 1894,
330.) Orchidee. G. — differs
iin the type is M lip not having a
large yellow bloteh and in bein
strongly lined wich violet purple instead
Ghent) (M. Arm. de Meulenaere,
Ghent.)
PR latifo lium, Lupe.
R. eit 34,271.) Orchidex. S. Firs
described i but now only intr
duced into ‘Galtivation, It has ching
or
acute leaves, 6 in. long and 2 in. broad;
sepals and petals yellow and purple; lip
b
with a fleshy yellow front lobe and
narrow „purplish side lobes. Brazil.
(H. M. Purchas.)
Z.
Pe Rodendron i-a S. &
ES v
CO. M. t. 73/5;
.in diam Japan. (J. Veit
ns.) -
Tulipa chrysantha, Boiss. (B. T. O.
1894, 230.) Liliaceæ. H. A species
with scented yellow flowers, unspotted
at the base. Persia, &c. mann
& Co.)
= eris, Spr. (B. T. O. 1894,
30.) Perhaps a form of T.
ann & Co., Naples
Tulipa polychroma, Stapf. (B. T. O.
ees 230.) H. <A dwarf species
ly allied to 7. celsiana and T.
selaa. Persia. (Dammann & Co.)
TOPS Sprengeri, Baker.
4 xv, /10. e
kaning 3
black vsque inside. The
also hairless and narrowed i ihe base.
eni Dom nn & Co., Naples.)
Tulipa sultanabadensis
. T. O. 1894, 230.) H.
allied w f undulatifolia. Flower
large, eed ETR with un-
bordered b ase of eret
inside. Persia Rr eds & Co.)
*Tuli yiolacen, Boiss. & Buhse
-= (B. T. O. 1894, - ^ E A species
with bright mauve red flowers, with a
black blotch cci with white at the
base inside. Persia. (Max Leichtlin,
Baden.)
pn
.
TX igphoroneis mensis, N. E.
1894, dr 244.) Acl
ew genus of
araia p interest. It has twi iig
stems, ovate lanceolate leaves 2 in. Gar
and small dull oat flowers in umbel-
like cym (Dammann &
Co.)
Ulmus compestris, Sm. var. loboss,
Behnsch. — h Cat. Es 94-5.)
Urtieacee. H. A disti cen ein vb
sa those of U.c
— Berardi but of globular habit. S Veri
Berlin) E ri pae
NN
Vanda Charieeworthis, Rolfe. (O.
R. 1894, 393.) chidee. S. A
supposed natural hybrid between V.
V. Bensoni l
in
purple; lip as in
Vu
(Charlesworth & Co.)
Vanda kimballiana, Rehb. f. var.
Lacknerae, Krànzli (Gfl. 1894,
561.) S. A form differing from the
type in the snow-white flowers with
a number of light gold spots at the
mouth of the spur. (Lackner, Steg-
litz.)
Vanda resblingiana, e CK. B.
t PN A new species,
allie Sten 1 ft. high ;
di
d linen oblong, May 6 in. long ;
peduncle bearing from two to six flowers
X
oe leg dilated into a ay of halbert-
d lobes. Malaya. (H. Low &
o)
hi us oe — Mg Tewisit:
ately. Wn “ight des ured m
Lu "ene with red-brown. (W
Lewis & Co.)
TE stro biloplioté, Rob. (G. and
i vii., T fig. 30.) Le
climber with woody
st patie, ‘ain: trifoliate leaves and
Wis rate -like purple and white flowers.
Mex
Vriesia Pee a.
28.) Bromeliacee.
hybrid between V.
V. Warming.
(Re H. B. 1894,
S. A garden
morreniana and
(R. =
gar
hybrid bieg V. Warmingi and v.
psitta
Ld Bi cet var. major.
Vriegia onmi. (n.
25] N n hybri rid b between
V. Barilleti mal. .morreniana. (Moens,
Lede, Belgium.)
Vriesia crousseans. (R. H. B. 1894,
8.) S. A garden hybrid. between
V. amethystina and V. ingi.
Vriesia gracilis. (R. H. B. 1894,
28. S. A garden hybrid between
V. Warmingi and V. amethysti
Vriesia Rex. (R. H. B. 1894, 217,
8. arden hybrid between y.
rsen Babe and V. cardinalis.
(Duval, Versailles.)
Jus WIE. (R. H. B. 1894, 28.)
hybrid between V.
puniat kið C. Barilleti. (Kittel,
Eckersdorf.)
+
piara)
gr
894,
tonia Whytei,
XV.,
pekee
than a chestnut.
IM ee Rg ; = B.
om-
(Ke
leaves.
w.)
Rendle.
746. 2 Wer ee
owing to
Juniper-like leaves Sue onn EN
h (Kew.)
‘Rost a fleshy tuber,
55
Zygopetalum intermedium, Lodd. var.
peruvianum, Rolfe. (Z. t. 418.)
rchideæ. x
wers thaa the type. Peru. (L’Horti-
culture Internationale.)
IR 2). e Perrenoudi. (J. 0.
» 42.) A garden prake be-
bies Z. Link. and Z. Gautieri.
jaro Lindenia, Rolfe.
275; O. R. 1894, 0) s.
purple-brown veins. Venezuela.
CL Hortieulture Internationale.)
oe Ux
kan
M.
E f.
d
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
BULLETIN
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.
APPENDIX III.—1895.
LIST of the STAFFS of the ROYAL GARDENS, Kew, and
of Botanical Departments and Establishments at Home,
and in India and the Colonies, in Correspondence with
Kew.
* Trained at Kew. T Recommended by Kew.
Royal he =e
Director - - W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, C.M.G.,
CIS; FBES, Ph.D, MA;
F.L.S.
Assistant-Director - - Daniel c Yxi C.M.G., D.Sc,
M
Assistant (Office) . - *John Aikman.
- - *William Nicholls Winn.
” ”
Keeper of Herbarium and Library John Gilbert Baker, F.R.S. La: L.S.
Principal Assistant (Phanerogams) *William Botting Hemsley, F. R.S.,
L.
A.L.S.
Ce ae eset —— Massee, F.L.S.
Assistant (Herbarium) - icholas Edward Brown, A.L.S.
Robert Allen Rolfe, A.L.S.
» ”
» »
M IMa ^ Otto Stapf, Pb.D.
u 89234. 1875.--11/95. Wt. 308.
58
umm is —— -— Dukinfield Henry Scott, F.R.S.,
boratory M.A., Ph.D, F.L.S.
Keeper of Museums - - John Reader Jackson, A.L.S.
Assistant (Museum) . . =- John Masters Hillier,
Preparer + - - George Badderly,
Curator of the B - - George Nicholson, A.L.S.
Assistant Curat - William Watson.
Foremen :—
Arboretum - *William J. Bean.
Herbaceous Department - *Walter Irving.
Greenhouse am Duisiolod Frank Garrett
Departmen
Temperate House (Sub-tropical *Thomas Jones.
Department).
Cambridgo.—University — Garden :—
Professo: - Henry Marshall Ward,
Se.D.,
F.L.S.
Curator — - - *Richard Irwin Lynch,
s.
Dublin,—Royal, Hotagis parie Glasnevin : m-
Frederick W. Moore,
A.L.S.
Trinity be e nt Gardens
rofess E E. ‘Perceval Wright, M.D.,
L.S, Sec. R.1.A.
Curator - <. SE. W. "Burbidge, M.A.,
F.L.S.
Edinburgh. Bese oe Garden :—
us Keeper - Isaac E Balfour,
MID, D. F.R.S.,
F.L.S.
Curator - - Robert Lindsay.
Glasgow.—Botanic Garden
University x Professor F.O. Berm, D.Sc., F.R.S.,
F.L :
Curator - - *Daniel Dewar.
Oxford.—University Botanic Garden :—
Professor - Sydney H. oe D.Sc.,
e LEES, P
Curator E - *William Baker.
59
COLONIES,
Antigua. (See Leeward Islands.)
Barbados.—Dodd's Reformatory, Botanic Station :—
Superintendent - John R. Bovell, F.C.S.
British Guiana.—Potanic ater Sie
Georgetown - idg ciet
a overnme *George S. Jenman, F.L.S.
Head riano - {John F. Waby.
Second ,, - *Robert Ward.
Promenade Garda d
Ga edt. - William Jackson.
. Berbice - - Keeper E - Richard Hunt.
British Honduras. Botanie siccae
- TJames McNair.
Canada.—
Ottawa - - Dominion Botanist - Prof. John
M.A., F.R.S.C., VELA
Assistant » - das. M. Macoun
Director of Gov
A s seien [Pf Em, Sauder,
Botenist and Ento- James Fletcher, F.L.S.
mologist.
Montreal - Director, uy Prof. D. P, Penhallow,
Potsni c Garden B.Sc.
Cape Colony.—
Government Botanist- Prof. MacOwan, F.L.S.
Ceylon.—Department of "cathe aaa Gardens :—
Direc - THenry Trimen, M.B.,
F.R.S., F.L.S.
Peradeniya - Head Gardener — - *Hugh McMillan.
Clerk - `æ J. Ferdinandus.
Draughtsman - W. de Alwis.
Hakgala - Superintendent - *William Nock.
Clerk and Foreman M. G. Perera.
Henaratgoda - Conductor - - S. de Silva, Arachchi,
Anuradhapura - » - - D.F. de Silva.
Badulla - E “i - - D, A, Guneratne.
Dominica. (See Leeward Islands.)
60
Falkland amem GrP ernment House Garden :—
d Gardener * Albert Linney.
Fiji.—Botanic Worse —
Curator - - *Daniel Yeoward.
Gambia.— Botanic Station :—
Curator - - *Walter Haydon.
Gold Coast.—Botanic Station :—
Curator - - *Charles Henry Humphries.
Grenada.--Botanie Garden :—
Curator - - *Walter E. —
Hong Kong.-— Botanic and Afforestation Departmen
Superintendent - TfCharles Ford, Dn L.S
Assistant Superia- *W. J. Tute
nt
J Sa = Public Greig and Plantations :
Dir William Fawcett, B.Sc.,
Hope Gardens - Superintendent - *William Cradwick.
Castleton Garden ý - *William J. Thompson.
Cinchona (Hill 35 ; - *William Harris.
Garden)
Kingston Parade » - John Campbell.
Garden. :
King’s House » - Eugene Campbell.
Garden.
Bath E - Overseer - - W. Groves.
Lagos.—Botanic deca aii
Curator - - *Henry Millen.
Assistant - - *F. G. R. Leigh.
| 5 - - *T. B. Dawodu.
Leeward Islands.—Botanic tenant
Antigua - - Curator - *Arthur G. Tillson.
Dominica - " - - *Joseph Jones.
Montserrat — - Head Gardener - Henry Maloney.
St. Kitts-Nevis - ls » - Joseph Wade.
Malta.—Argotti —— — pm :—
Dire - - Dr. Francesco Debono.
Mauritius Dept: at Forests and Botanie ot ¿Á=
Pamplemousses - Direc William Seo
Assistant Director of d. Vankeirsbilck.
Ga des
Overse - J. Powell.
Assistant Director of P. Randabel.
Forests.
Curepipe - - Grenka - - F. Bijou
Reduit - E j - WA Kainis
,
Montserrat. (Seé Leeward Islands.)
Natal.— Botanic Gardens :—
3
Durban - - Curator - - John Medley Wood,
« - AJGLS. x
Head e NE E eem Wylie.
_ Pietermaritzburg Curato . * G. Mitchell.
LI
61
New South M Gardens : —
Sydney - Charles Moore, F.L.S.
Department ot pec iud Forests :—
Consulting Botanist J. H, Maiden, F.L.S.
bud Zealand :—
lington. ser ce EE d eaaet —
Dire - Sir James Hector,
G., F.R.S.
K.C.M.G.,
Head Gardener - &G. Gibb.
Dun - - Superintendent - «l. McBean.
Napie E »" - . Barton.
Suvercaretil - Head Gardener - Thomas Waugh.
Auckland - - Ranger = - William Goldie.
Christchurch - Head Gardener - *Ambrose Taylor.
"M uw La tdi Won ra Garden :—
Old C - Horace W. L. Billington
Queensland, oe Departmen
Colonial Botanisk - F. M. Bailey, F.LS.
ane
Bai o: sii
Pi som - - *Philip MacMahon.
Overseer - - J. Tobin.
Acclimatisation Society” s Gardens :—
Sec dat and €— Wm. Soutter.
ssl A. Humphrey.
Rockhampton - —— 7 - J.S. Edgar.
St. Kitts-Nevis. (See Leeward Islands.)
St. Lucia.— Botanic Station :—
Curator - - *John Chisnall Moore.
St. Vincent.— Botanic Station :—
Curator - - *Henry Powell.
Sierra Leone.—Botanic Station :—
Curator - - *Frederick Enos Willey.
South Australia.—Botanic Gardens :—
Adelaide - - Director - * . Maurice Holtze, F.L.S.
Port Darwin - Curator - - Nicholas Holtze.
pee a ee and Forest Department :—
- FH.. N. Ridley, M.A.
F.
pream Superin- *Walter Fox.
nt.
3 : f Assistant ap nd 7 Charles Curtis, F.L.S.
Perak (Kuala Kangsar) órbita Plantations :—
sn rma ag - Oliver Marks.
Tasmania.—Botanie Garden
Hobart Town - Sepértuiesidat - F. Abbott,
Trinidad.—Royal Botanic Gardens:
Superi riütendent . - TJohn H. Hart, F.L.S.
Assistant ,, - *William Lunt.
Victoria.—
Melbourne . - Government Botanist Sir F. Von Mueller,
K.C.M.G.,F.R.S.,F.L.S.
Botanic Gardens :—
Curator - - W. R. Guilfoyle, F.L.S.
62
INDIA.
Botanical Survey.—Director, os xe M.D., LL.D., C.LE.,
R.S., F.L.S.
Bengal, am, eae the ae and "— North-East
Frontier Expeditio
meer of the) George King, M.D.,
Royal Botanic Gar- > LL.D,CIE,F.R.S.,
dens, Calcutta - `
Bombay, including Sind :—
Madras : the State of Hyderabad and - ve of TM -—
Government Botani
and "Diao i Cin si T eis M.A.,
chona Plantatio -
- North-Western Provinces and RET the Punjab; the Central
Provinces ; Central India; Rajputana ; North-West Frontier
Expeditions :—
Director of the Bo-
tanic — Department | TJ. F. Duthie, B.A.,
Northern India, F.L.S.
Saharanpur, N.W. P.
Vim .—Department of Royal Botanic Gardens :—
Calcu - Superintendent - George King, M.D.,
Scenes) LL.D, C.LE., F.R.S.,
M.B., F.L. S.
Curator of Herbarium David Prain, M.B.,
F.L.S., F.R.S.E.
"1 Garden - *G. T. Lane.
Assistant » - *H. J. Davies.
Mungpoo - Superintendent, Go-] George King, M.D.,
verpment — LL.D., ULER S,
F.L.S.
Plantations -
*J. A. Gammie.
- *R. ling.
2nd - - *Joseph Parkes.
. . A. Gammie.
- * Amos Hartless.
4th 4 "
Darjeeling ; Lloyd pos Garden :—
- : Cura 4 - *William A. Kennedy.
Darbhangah ; TARRO Garten’ —
Superintendent - Herbert Thorn.
Bombay.—
Poona - ——
Lecturer on Botany - *G. Marshall Woodrow.
Ghorpuri.— Botanic Garden :—
Superintendent - A.R. Lester.
panies, TW iie es cie ;
pastiche - ©. D. Mahaluxmivala.
ms — Gardon = Soe ee
| Superintendent... *William Strachan,
63
Central Provinces.—
Nagpur - Superintendent
Public Gardens.
Madras.—Botanic Department :—
Ootacumund - Government Botanist
and Director of Go-
S A icm
Parks, and
rien Plentétions - -.
Curator
and Par
Madras,—A gri-Horticultural Biles
Hon. Secretar -
Superintendent
Native States.—
Mysore (Bangalore) Superintendent -
Curator -
Baroda - - Superintendent -
» New Works
Gwalior - - » d
Morvi - -
—— Pn # -
Udaipur - - b -
North-West Provinces.—
Agra (Taj Garden) Superintendent E
Allahabad - » -
Cawnpur » 3
Kumaon dixneimn) » >
Lucknow - » -
Branch Garden, s :
Mussoorie,
Punjab.—
Lahore - > Superintendent -
Simla - : * :
of *J. Horne Stephen.
TM. A. Lawson, M.A.,
F.L.S.
wd Gardens *Robert L. Proudlock.
Col. H. W. H. Cox
- *J, M, Gleeson.
*J, Cameron, F.L.S.
*G. H. Krumbiegel.
*J. M. Henry.
1C. Maries, F.L.S.
*Joseph Beck.
*Frederick James In-
gleby.
T. H. Storey.
F. J. Bullen,
*J. Phillips.
G.H: T. Mayer.
*F. W. Seers.
*Matthew Ridley.
William Gollan.
H. G. Hein.
* A. Parsons.
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